Sports year 1860
◄◄ | ◄ | 1856 | 1857 | 1858 | 1859 | Sports year 1860 | 1861 | 1862 | 1863 | 1864 | ► | ►►
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The sporting year 1860 is a year of gymnastics in Germany. Around ten years after most gymnastics clubs were banned due to “revolutionary tendencies”, numerous of these clubs are being (re) founded across Germany. The first German Gymnastics Festival in Coburg gives this development an additional boost.
In Switzerland, what is probably the first football club in continental Europe will be founded this year, and the first Open Championship in golf will take place in Prestwick , England .
| chronology | |
|---|---|
| March 31 | Cambridge wins the Boat Race against Oxford . |
| 17th April | Farnborough is an illegal boxing match with bare fists instead. |
| 1st of May | The gymnastics club MTV Travemünde is founded in Travemünde . |
| 17th of May | The gymnastics club , which was banned in 1849, is re-established in Munich . |
| May 26 | A gymnastics club is founded in Fürth . |
| June 4th | The Bornheim gymnastics community is founded. |
| 16 - June 19 | The first German Gymnastics Festival is held in Coburg . |
| June 19th | The Bochum gymnastics club , which was banned in 1852, is re-established. |
| June 27th | The Queen's Plate horse race in Canada is being held for the first time. |
| 15th of July | For the first time since the ban in 1849, a Feldberg Festival is held again. |
| 17th July | The Academic Gymnastics Association in Berlin is founded. |
| 17th July | The Hagener Turnerschaft is founded in Hagen . |
| July 28th | A gymnastics club is founded in Marburg . |
| 8th August | The Grande Casse in the Vanoise massif is climbed for the first time. |
| August 9 | The Swiss mountain guide Melchior Anderegg is the first person to climb the Alphubel . |
| 17th August | The Stralsund gymnastics and sports club is founded in Stralsund . |
| August 27 | Melchior Anderegg and Leslie Stephen are the first to climb the Blüemlisalphorn . |
| September 4th | The Gran Paradiso in the Graian Alps is climbed for the first time. |
| 5th September | The Lich gymnastics club is founded. |
| October 17th | The Open Golf Championship is launched in Prestwick . |
| the 20th of October | A gymnast fire brigade is founded in Rosenheim . |
| November 9th | The Hanau cigar workers' gymnastics club is founded. |
| December 26th | In Sheffield , the first football game between two clubs under the Sheffield Rules takes place. |
Events
do gymnastics
The first German Gymnastics Festival will open in Coburg on June 16 , a gathering of all German gymnasts that will last until June 19. This event is carried out at irregular intervals at different locations until today. A month later, on July 15, another Feldberg Festival will be held on the Großer Feldberg im Taunus . This oldest mountain gymnastics festival in Germany was banned by the authorities in 1849. The gymnastics festivals originally have more than just a sporting background. In the spirit of the “gymnastics father” Friedrich Ludwig Jahn , who died in 1852 , all gymnasts should always strive for the unity of Germany . In this sense, the gymnastics festivals are also political events.
After the Munich gymnastics club, founded on July 15, 1848 , was banned a year later because of "republican activities", it was re-established on May 17 by Ludwig Schitler, Max Deiglmaier, Franz Pfeifer, Joseph Böcklein and Johann Lautenhammer, officially under the Designation "Association for physical training" to take away the political connotation of the gymnastics club for the authorities. Today's TSV 1860 Munich is mainly known for its football department founded in 1899 . MTV Travemünde was founded in Travemünde on May 1st . And in many other German cities (new) gymnastics clubs will be founded in the course of the year, a development that is reinforced by the holding of the first German gymnastics festival. At this time, however, the physical training in gymnastics clubs is only available to men.
In Prussia there is a so-called " bar dispute ". The Royal Central Gymnastics Institute under director Hugo Rothstein is abolishing apparatus gymnastics in schools and replacing it with Swedish gymnastics designed by Pehr Henrik Ling . The supporters of gymnastics father Jahn, above all Carl Philipp Euler , who will become a member of the gymnastics institute this year, vehemently oppose this measure and in particular demand the reintroduction of horizontal bars and parallel bars . Both sides are supported by numerous medical and academic reports.
Australian football
At a club meeting of the Melbourne Football Club , which was founded in the previous year , the rules of Australian football are further elaborated and refined.
badminton
- Isaac Spratt describes the current situation in badminton in detail in his non-fiction book Badminton Battledore .
baseball
The Excelsior Base Ball Club of Brooklyn , led by Jim Creighton , is making a famous tour of the US state of New York and major cities in the neighboring states.
- The Baseball -Verein Philadelphia Athletics was founded.
Rockclimbing
List of first ascents in 1860
| Name of the mountain | Height (m) |
region | Date of first ascent | First climber |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grande Casse | 3,855 | Vanoise massif , Graian Alps | 8th August | William Mathews / Michel Croz and E. Favre |
| Alphubel | 4,206 | Valais Alps | August 9 | Guide Melchior Anderegg and Peter Perren with TW Hinchliff and Leslie Stephen |
| Blüemlisalphorn | 3,664 | Bernese Alps | August 27 | Guide Melchior Anderegg , Fritz Ogi and P. Simond with Robert Liveing, Leslie Stephen and JK Stone |
| Gran Paradiso | 4,061 | Aosta Valley , Graian Alps | September 4th | Michel-Clément Payot , Jean Tairraz , John Jeremy Cowell , W. Dundas |
Boxing
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On April 17th, a sensational, illegal boxing match under the London Prize Ring Rules with bare fists takes place near Farnborough , Hampshire, between the 33-year-old, unofficial English heavyweight champion Thomas Sayers and the seven-year-old, taller and heavier American John Carmel Heenan . After a total of 37 rounds in approx. 140 minutes, spectators storm the ring, the fight is counted as a draw - both receive a belt, but only Heenan calls himself boxing world champion and English heavyweight champion. In the following year the Anti Prize Fight Act was enacted in Great Britain as a reaction to this fight , which practically ended these events, much to the regret also of higher English social classes.
Sayers announced his retirement from boxing shortly after the fight. On November 5th there is a fight for the vacant title of English heavyweight champion between Tom Paddock and Sam Hurst , which the latter wins in just five rounds.
Cricket, hockey and soccer
English students studying at private schools in Lausanne , Switzerland, found what is believed to be the first football club in continental Europe , the Lausanne Football and Cricket Club . Since the rules for association football were not created until 1863 , it is unclear what form of football was being played in Lausanne at that time.
In Sheffield in England, after the FC Sheffield of 1857 , a second football club of established FC Hallam . On December 26th, the first match between these two teams according to the Sheffield rules developed in 1858 , which Sheffield FC won 2-0.
Oswestry United , one of the oldest football clubs in the world, is founded in Oswestry, Wales .
The first hockey club was founded in Blackheath , England , based on the rules of the game laid down in 1852 .
golf
The Open Championship , the oldest golf tournament still played today , is launched in Prestwick , Scotland . The idea of an open championship on annually changing courses first appeared in 1856 . Due to the lack of support from other clubs, Prestwick dares to start alone under the influence of Tom Morris , the green keeper of the course. On October 17th, the first title fights held by the Earl of Eglinton and Colonel James Fairlie will be held. The eight leading players of the time, all Scots, play three rounds of the 12-hole course in Prestwick in southwest Scotland in one day. Willie Park Sr. wins the first title with 174 strokes, defeating the favored Tom Morris by two strokes. He is allowed to keep the championship belt for one year, no prize money is paid out.
Athletics / lawn power sports
- The dimensions and weights for the shot put that are still valid today are binding.
- Stone throwing is presented as a sport at the German Gymnastics Festival in Coburg .
horse race
- Queen's Plate , Canada's oldest horse race for thoroughbreds , is performed for the first time on 27 June. The prize money of 50 guineas will be presented personally by Queen Victoria.
- "Emilius" wins the 27th Union race on the Tempelhofer Feld .
rowing
Cambridge wins the 17th Boat Race against Oxford in 26′05 ″ on March 31st .
On July 24th, the Harvard-Yale Regatta will be held in Worcester for the fourth time, based on the model of the Boat Race . Harvard wins the event with a time of 18'53 ″ for the fourth time against the team from Yale .
The First Trinity Boat Club wins the Grand Challenge Cup of the Henley Royal Regatta in London.
chess
Félix Sicre wins the first ever Cuban chess championship.
Skiing
The Norwegian Sondre Norheim from Morgedal in the province of Telemark jumps allegedly 30.5 meters at a regional skiing event . For ski jumping competitions, he uses a binding specially designed by him , which reduces the risk of losing a ski while driving, and he jumps using a technique he has developed . The width, which remains unconfirmed, will not be exceeded in the following 33 years.
Forerunner of the Olympic Games
The Wenlock Olympian Society is founded in Much Wenlock ( Shropshire , England) .
Born
- February 4 : Jackson Whipps Showalter , American chess player († 1935 )
- March 4 : Giuseppe Loretz , Italian racing cyclist († 1944 )
- October 13 : Montagu Allan , Canadian banker, ship owner and sports sponsor († 1951 )
- October 28 : Kanō Jigorō , Japanese founder of the martial art of Judo († 1938 )
- 1860/ 1861 : Elizabeth Hawkins-Whitshed , Irish climber, photographer and writer († 1934 )
Died
- April 23 : Franz Xaver Krenkl , Bavarian racing stable owner and horse dealer (* 1780 )
