Travel enduro

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
BMW R 80 G / S
First long-distance enduro from the 1980s
Honda XRV 750 Africa Twin
Market-defining travel enduro of the 1990s
BMW R 1200 GS
Heavy Enduro from the 2000s

Travel enduros are street-legal motorcycles that are designed for longer journeys on asphalt stretches and in easy terrain. Compared to enduros , travel enduros offer better suitability for travel in terms of range, ride comfort and payload while at the same time sacrificing off-road suitability.

classification

Travel enduros combine the chassis geometry of enduros with the high-torque engines and the equipment of tourers . A windshield reduces the wind pressure on the driver and protects against rain. A fuel tank with a capacity of more than 20 liters enables ranges of over 300 km. A wide and soft bench suitable for touring increases the seating comfort during long journeys. Seat heights of over 80 cm allow a relaxed knee angle and upright sitting. Devices for luggage rack systems for side cases and top cases simplify loading and increase the storage volume. A longer gear ratio in the high gears reduces fuel consumption on long motorway journeys. A roadworthy tire tread improves road holding at high speeds. Low fenders reduce the nuisance caused by splashing water. An engine guard and crash bars protect the drive and trim parts. Driver assistance systems such as anti-lock braking systems and traction control support the braking system. In addition, unlike touring bikes, travel enduros are usually delivered with cross-spoke wheels, which are easier to repair than cast wheels in the event of damage, even beyond civilization.

Instead of high performance, the engines are designed for pulling power and elasticity . Nominal outputs from 55 kW (75 PS) to 110 kW (150 PS) with a displacement between 800 and 1200 cm³ are common on the market. Due to the low profile tires, a broadly dimensioned fuel tank and drive, and a high curb weight of mostly well over 200 kg, the off-road properties of travel enduros are in some cases considerably limited. According to Peter Mayer, travel enduros bring “the core criteria for enjoyable motorcycling (powerful and sophisticated engine, handy and well-sprung chassis) with the conflicting practical constraints (wind protection, range or luggage storage)” of all motorcycle segments in line.

To classify their travel enduros, two-wheeler manufacturers use synonymous marketing terms such as “Adventure” (Triumph, Honda), “Sport-Enduro-Tourer” (Suzuki), “Travel” (KTM) or simply “Enduro” (BMW, Yamaha). The term “large enduro” is also used in specialist journals.

Market overview of travel enduros in production

image Manufacturer model engine Displacement power drive Empty weight Sales start
BMW F 750 GS, model year 2018, color Austin Yellow metallic (2019-04-21) .JPG BMW F 750 GS 2 cylinder, in-line engine 853 cc 57 kW (77 hp) Chain drive 224 kg 2018
BMW F 850 ​​GS, model year 2018 (2019-04-14) .jpg BMW F 850 ​​GS 2 cylinder, in-line engine 853 cc 70 kW (95 PS) Chain drive 229 kg 2018
BMW R1250GS HP 2018-10-12.jpg BMW R 1250 GS 2 cylinders, boxer engine 1254 cc 100 kW (136 hp) Cardan drive 249 kg 2018
BMW R 1200 GS Adventure racing blue.jpg BMW R 1200 GS Adventure (K51) 2 cylinders, boxer engine 1170 cc 92 kW (125 PS) Cardan drive 260 kg 2014
Paris - Salon de la moto 2011 - Ducati - Multistrada 1200 - 001.jpg Ducati Multistrada 1200 2 cylinder, V-engine 1198 cc 110 kW (150 PS) Chain drive 224 kg 2010
Honda crf1000 africa twin tokyo.JPG Honda CRF 1000 L Africa Twin 2 cylinder, in-line engine 998 cc 70 kW (95 PS) Chain drive 208 kg 2015
Paris - Salon de la moto 2011 - Honda - Crosstourer - 001.jpg Honda VFR 1200 X Crosstourer 4 cylinder, V-engine 1237 cc 95 kW (129 hp) Cardan drive 275 kg 2012
Paris - Salon de la moto 2011 - Kawasaki - Versys de Maxime Barat - 001.jpg Kawasaki Versys 1000 4 cylinder, in-line engine 1043 cc 88 kW (120 PS) Chain drive 239 kg 2012
KTM 1290 Super Adventure R.jpg KTM 1290 Super Adventure R 2 cylinder, V-engine 1301 cc 118 kW (160 PS) Chain drive 229 kg 2014
Moto Morini Granpasso 1200.jpg Moto Morini Granpasso 1200 2 cylinder, V-engine 1187 cc 87 kW (118 hp) Chain drive 210 kg 2008
MV Agusta Turismo Veloce 800 HMT 2015.jpeg MV Agusta Turismo Veloce 800 3 cylinder, in-line engine 798 cc 81 kW (110 PS) Chain drive 190 kg 2015
Suzuki V-Strom 1000 (2014) .jpeg Suzuki V-Strom 1000 ABS 2 cylinder, V-engine 1037 cc 74 kW (101 hp) Chain drive 228 kg 2014
Tiger800a.jpg triumph Tiger 800 3 cylinder, in-line engine 799 cc 70 kW (95 PS) Chain drive 210 kg 2011
Paris - Salon de la moto 2011 - Triumph - Tiger Explorer - 001.jpg triumph Tiger 1200 3 cylinder, in-line engine 1215 cc 104 kW (141 hp) Cardan drive 259 kg 2012
Yamaha XT 1200 Z Super Ténéré.jpg Yamaha XT 1200 Z Super Ténéré 2 cylinder, in-line engine 1199 cc 82.4 kW (112 hp) Cardan drive 261 kg 2010
Yamaha Tenere 700 2 cylinder, in-line engine 689 cc 54 kW (73 hp) Chain drive 204 kg 2019

Development, models

1970s and 1980s

The XT 500 from Yamaha can be seen as the first enduro . With this model, an off-road series motorcycle was equipped with a 500 cc engine for the first time from 1975. The suspension travel was longer than on previous scramblers, the fenders were higher and the front tire was 21 inches taller and narrower. Other manufacturers developed models that were more comfortable and suitable for travel. With the R 80 G / S model , BMW brought the first travel-ready enduro to the market and thus developed a new type of motorcycle that quickly became popular thanks to successes at the popular Dakar Rally and corresponding special models.

“25 years ago, off-road motorcycles were primarily seen as racing equipment. But when BMW won the German off-road championship in 1979, the developers got the green light to put a production version of the victorious machine on the wheels. The result was the R 80 GS - the abbreviation stands for terrain / road - the first large-volume enduro on the motorcycle market. The combination of powerful displacement distributed over two cylinders, cardan shaft and single-sided swing arm in an Enduro was a sensation at the time - BMW had established the 'travel enduro' segment with it. "

- Spiegel Online

Example designs:

  • Yamaha XT 500

  • Honda XL 500

  • BMW R 100 GS PD

  • Honda XL 600 V Transalp

  • Yamaha XTZ 750 Super Ténéré

Typical models:

1990s

Since the 1990s, there has been a trend towards more roadworthiness at the expense of terrain suitability. The Yamaha concept was an exception; Yamaha has participated in the Dakar Rally from the start. Yamaha succeeded in installing a twin in a frame that is fully suitable for off-road use. The XTZ Tenere series was thus expanded to 750 cm³ and Yamaha was able to achieve victories. The later adventure models from KTM , which only became "Dakar" compatible with the efforts of Hans Kinigadner, have comparatively good off-road properties.

Example designs:

  • Aprilia Pegaso 650

  • KTM 640 LC4 Adventure

  • Suzuki DR 800 S.

  • BMW R 1150 GS Adventure

Typical models:

2000s

After the very heavy R 1150 GS Adventure (285 kg ready to drive), which was manufactured from 2001 to 2005, the manufacturer BMW has returned to lower weights in favor of off-road properties for the successor models. Major manufacturers are now producing travel enduros in two displacement classes (BMW, Honda, Suzuki, Yamaha).

Example designs:

  • BMW F 800 GS

  • Triumph Tiger 955i

  • Honda XL 125 V Varadero

Typical models of light motorcycles with a displacement of up to 125 cm³:

Typical mid-range models with a displacement of 600 to 800 cm³:

Typical models with over 900 cm³ displacement:

2010s

The increase in the nominal output of the BMW GS series with boxer engine from 37 kW (50 PS) in 1980 to 100 kW (136 PS) in 2018 by 270% is an example of the general performance development in the travel enduro segment. "As a counterpoint to the faster, higher, heavier of the large enduro bikes", according to Guido Kupper, the 800 class has developed in recent years. According to Jochen Vorfelder, "more and more domesticated and street-oriented enduros are making their way into the highly competitive mid-range touring class."

“The great adventure, where can you still find it today? Almost all manufacturers have thrown in the towel and serve under the name "Reise-Enduro" - if at all - motorcycles with which you don't even want to drive down a dirt road. "

- Christopher Driesen : Touring driver

“[Enduro bikes have] universal skills with a focus on touring. [...] The segment is divided into two displacement classes, namely the middle class, which is only targeted by BMW, Suzuki and Triumph, with engines from 650 to 800 cubic centimeters and the [...] upper class with mostly 1200 cubic centimeters [...]. "

- Autogazette

Typical mid-range models with 400 to 900 cm³ displacement (sorted by appearance):

Typical models with over 900 cm³ displacement:

2020s

  • Triumph Tiger 900 (from 2020)
  • Harley-Davidson Pan America
  • Husqvarna north 901
  • Moto Morini X-Cape

Motorcycles of this type are also compared with all- terrain sedans (SUV) from the automotive sector. The example of the Honda VFR 1200 X Crosstourer shows that this is also used as a negative comparison:

“While we still struggled with sorting with the smaller Crossrunner and the cross-over idea didn't seem entirely understandable to us, we are now doing a lot easier with the Crosstourer. Yes, here the »X« stands for multifunction, because the narrow 19-inch front wheel, the respectable suspension travel and the cross-spoke wheels are believable indications of the little adventure that every SUV customer would like to see. "

- Till Kohlmey : Touring driver

“Honda has put an“ SUV ”on deceptive wire-spoke wheels, a touring machine with elegant comfort and only slightly extended suspension travel. Rase Enduro and 1200 V4 drive don't really seem to be compatible with each other. "

- Maik Schwarz : MO - motorcycle magazine

Travel literature

Before the advent of travel enduro bikes, only a few long-distance trips were made with motorcycles, such as Ted Simon's circumnavigation of the world in 1973 with the then street motorcycle Triumph Tiger 500 or the trip by Oss Kröher and Gustav Pfirrmann in 1951 from Germany to India with a then 24 year old and only 12 PS strong NSU -Gespann. The proliferation of travel enduro bikes since the 1980s made this type of travel increasingly popular. At the beginning of the 1980s, Claudia Metz and Klaus Schubert embarked on a 16-year extreme adventure world tour with two Yamaha XT500s. The motorcycle tour of the actors Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman from London via Russia to New York City on BMW R 1150 GS Adventure -Motorrädern was entitled Long Way Round published as a ten-part documentary series and a book.

review

"[The] travel enduro program [consists] of superior thrust from 2000 rpm, modern fuel economy, cardan, on-road prestige and off-road potential without excess weight, as well as a complete range of equipment, special equipment and original accessories."

- Maik Schwarz : Motorrad Magazin MO number 05, 2013

“Anyone looking for a universally applicable motorcycle can hardly get past the travel enduro. High long-distance comfort with good wind protection and a comfortable seating position make the long-legged bikes ideal for going on vacation for two. And those who want to ride on gravel roads will be grateful for the longer suspension travel and the higher ground clearance compared to thoroughbred touring motorcycles. The heavy weight of the machines, on the other hand, sets tight limits for coarser 'earthworks'. "

- Thomas Mendle : Handelsblatt

“Obviously, you can no longer make a state in the travel enduro segment with a displacement of less than one liter. [...] Not because of the top performance, which is rarely needed here - and mostly probably elsewhere in the world as well. Above all, however, large displacement means a lot of torque, powerful pulling power and decisive acceleration - clearly central properties for travel enduros. "

- Peter Mayer : Motorbike

“Powerful windshield, sophisticated luggage systems - it's clear where the journey with the large-capacity enduro should go: Far into the distance. And as comfortable as possible. Those who ride GS and Co today want to enjoy the comfort of a touring motorcycle. That means, in addition to a fatigue-free seat arrangement (of course also for the pillion passenger), the service during the long-distance run should be right. Chain drives have a hard time, the neatly encapsulated cardan is better. A main stand should also not be missing from the equipment list - it makes work such as checking oil and safe loading easier. "

- Jörg Lohse : Motorrad BMW Spezial, issue 2/2012

“Acceleration at superbike level thanks to three-digit performance values, modern chassis and sporty setup, that makes you happy. And not just off-road - but there too. The days in which you had to choose between a light, robust but virtually impassable off-road hop on the road and a powerful, comfortable but not off-road machine are, thank God, over. "

- Brazz : Motorcycle News

literature

motorcycles

  • Torsten Kämper: BMW GS - The story of a motorcycle legend . GeraMond Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-86245-606-2 , p. 168 .
  • Andreas Schlüter: Yamaha - The XT single-cylinder, motorcycles that made history . Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-613-01498-X , p. 120 .
  • Hans J. Schneider u. a .: Fascination BMW GS - technology, travel, sport . Delius Klasing Verlag, Weilerswist 1995, ISBN 3-927710-04-0 , p. 136 .
  • Wolfgang Zeyen, Jan Leek: BMW GS - The off-road sport legend . Motorbuch Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-86245-606-4 , p. 168 .
  • Jan Leek: BMW GS - off-road motorcycles since 1980 . Schrader Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-613-87234-X , p. 96 .

Web links

Commons : Dual purpose motorcycles  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Mayer: The all-round motorcycles for travel, country roads and off-road . In: motorcycle . No. 12 , 2012 ( motorradonline.de ).
  2. ↑ Michael Kutschke: Big Enduros. (No longer available online.) In: Töff. September 3, 2010, archived from the original on December 17, 2013 ; Retrieved September 3, 2013 .
  3. ↑ I am two motorcycles. In: Spiegel Online . January 17, 2004, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Guido Kupper: Mission Impossible . In: MO – The motorcycle magazine . No. 4 , 2014, ISSN  0723-2616 , p. 58 .
  5. ↑ Jochen Vorfelder: Derber Sound, Dicker. In: Spiegel Online . December 15, 2014, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Christopher Driesen: The ironing iron . In: Touring Driver . No. 10 , 2010, ISSN  0933-4440 , p. 25 .
  7. ↑ Thomas Flehmer: BMW R 1200 GS leads the field again in 2014. In: autogazette.de. December 18, 2013, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Thomas Schmieder: Mash Adventure 400 R in the test. In: motorcycle . Edition 20/2015. 17th September 2015.
  9. ↑ Ben Purvis: SWM Superdual adventure single. In: Motorrad International. 2016. (English)
  10. ↑ Dennis Chung: 2015 EICMA: Benelli TRK 502. In: Motorcycle.com , November 19, 2015. (English).
  11. ↑ Peter Schönlaub: Adventure in the Middle . In: Motorrad Magazin . November 8, 2018.
  12. ↑ Jochen Vorfelder: The heir to the throne. In: Spiegel Online . September 17, 2018, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Downsizing at KTM: 1050 Adventure presented. In: Alpentourer. 5th November 2014.
  14. ^ Walter Wille: Mannequin in the mud catching. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . April 4, 2016, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  15. ↑ Uli Baumann: Adventure bike for all situations. In: Motorrad , issue 14/2010. October 12, 2018, accessed October 20, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Uli Baumann: Lighter, stronger, more dynamic, from 11,350 euros . In: motorcycle . 3rd February 2020.
  17. ↑ Uli Baumann: This is the Milwaukee Enduro . In: motorcycle . November 6, 2019.
  18. ↑ Uli Baumann: Travel enduro with 900 twin is built . In: motorcycle . 5th December 2019.
  19. ↑ Uli Baumann, Dina Dervisevic: New middle class adventure bike . In: motorcycle . 5th November 2019.
  20. ↑ In: Touring Driver . Edition April 2012, p. 20. ISSN  0933-4440 .
  21. ↑ Maik Schwarz: Reise and Enduro. In: MO - motorcycle magazine. Edition June 2013, p. 22.
  22. ↑ Ted Simon: Jupiter's ride - around the world on a motorcycle . Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, 2001.
  23. ↑ Oss Kröher: The Orient is far. The first motorcycle trip from the Rhine to the Ganges . Gollenstein, 2009, ISBN 978-3-492-40165-4 , p. 672 .
  24. ↑ To be read in their book " Abgefahren " (Verlag Kiepenheuer & Witsch)
  25. ↑ Ewan McGregor, Charley Boorman: Long Way Round, The Wild Ride Around the World . Frederking & Thaler Verlag, 4th edition 2007, ISBN 978-3-492-40344-3 .
  26. ↑ Maik Schwarz: GS . In: Motorrad Magazin MO . No. 05 , 2013, ISSN  0723-2616 , p. 22 .
  27. ↑ Thomas Mendle: Wanderlust Mobile with weight problems. In: Handelsblatt . April 1, 2002, accessed May 13, 2013 .
  28. ↑ Peter Mayer: Seven travel enduros in Sweden. In: Motorrad , issue 14/2010. June 24, 2010, accessed May 22, 2020 .
  29. ↑ Jörg Lohse, Peter Mayer, Thomas Schmieder: The wolf chases the pack . In: Motorrad BMW Spezial . No. 02 , 2012, p. 28 .
  30. ↑ Brazz: Motorcycle News . No. 11 , 2013, ISSN  2193-1631 , p. 113 .
Types of motorized two-wheelers
Street motorcycle types

All-rounder • Cruiser • Scooter • Naked bike • Travel motorcycle ( travel enduro and tourer ) • Roadster • Sports tourer • Superbike • Super athlete

Smaller and lighter street bikes

Moped • Leichtkraftrad • light motorcycle

Historic motorcycle types up to 50 cm³

Power-assisted bicycle • moped • Kleinmotorrad • Easy moped • moped • moped • motorbike

Motorcycling

Drag Bike • Ice Speedway • Enduro • minibike • Motocross • Pocket bikes • Speedway • Supermoto • Trial

Special forms

Motorbike team • Standing race motorcycle • Steep face motorcycle

Artistic forms and historical modifications

Cafe Racer • Chopper • Custom Bike • Rat Bike • Scrambler • Streetfighter