Motorcycle trip

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A BMW R 1150 GS on the Catalina Highway, Arizona
As a couple with Honda Gold Wing in the USA

A motorcycle trip is a time-limited, motorized locomotion over a longer distance with a motorcycle with the intention of reaching a desired single or several destinations until the end of the journey.

Road tourism describes the change of location of people by land transport and all associated phenomena, motorcycle trips are assigned to travel. According to the categories of leisure sociology , motorcycling can be counted among the open-air - venture - leisure activities with partly sporty character.

Categorization

90 percent of the motorcycle trips carried out take place within 100 km of the place of residence.

motivation

The motivation is often multi-layered and can be divided into the three driver groups "sporty driving life" (driving dynamics, competence, competition , thrill ), "enjoyable driving life" ( hedonism , escapism , flow , identification) and "safe driving" (control, safety behavior) . In contrast to traveling in a passenger car , for the majority of drivers on motorcycle trips, the trip on vacation is more important than the stay. According to Peter Fahrenholz, “the only reason to go anywhere on a motorcycle is usually to go somewhere. It's about enjoyment, fun, relaxation, escape from everyday life, the feeling of freedom. "

Travel technology and planning

In addition to motorcycle maintenance and navigation, it is necessary to plan the route, the supply of operating resources and overnight accommodation as well as alternative routes and quarters along the route. When planning, in addition to the traffic infrastructure , the traffic law ( road traffic license , international driver's license ), insurance law (insurance card) and official ( visa , Carnet de Passage , entry requirements) requirements must be observed.

When traveling in remote regions and on unpaved slopes, you also have to

be taken into account. The average daily ranges are greatly from the route profile, the tortuosity and the quality of the superstructure dependent and are 220-500 km per day. The Bavarian State Ministry for the Environment and Consumer Protection recommends driving no more than 300 km on winding country roads or in the mountains and no more than 700 km on motorways in one day.

loading

Fully loaded travel enduro with case system

The permissible total weight of a motorcycle depends on the dimensions and material of the frame, the performance of the braking system and the load capacity of the tires. The loading of a motorcycle (with luggage ) shifts the center of gravity and can negotiate obstacles , braking performance and driving stability adversely affect what the commuting and arm flapping may result. When loaded, both the lean angle and agility decrease , and the braking distance is longer. The fork or spring strut adjustment and the tire pressure must be adapted to the increased total weight. Under no circumstances should the load swing or flutter in the airstream.

Especially in two-person operation, the permissible total weight of the vehicle often reaches a critical value. A fully fueled BMW R 1200 GS Adventure K255 , which the manufacturer explicitly advertises as a long-distance motorcycle , has a permissible load capacity of 184 kg with the standard case system. According to the 2013 Microcensus of the Federal Statistical Office , a male German aged 40 to 45 weighs 86.4 kg, a woman of the same age 68.1 kg. Complete protective equipment (helmet, station wagon , boots, gloves, protectors) has a weight of approximately 9 kg per person, which results in a total weight of 172.5 kg for a middle-aged pair of motorcycles dressed. Of the calculated remaining 11.5 kg payload are still the weight of attachments and accessories (navigation device (handle / seat) heating, larger windshield, anti-theft alarm , intercom , tank bag , motor protection, additional tools) subtracted, which is little remaining payload for A change of clothes, washing kit, tent, sleeping bag and food remains. In the case of an overloaded vehicle, the tires, whose load index is designed for the homologated total weight, the brakes and the spring elements can negatively affect the driving behavior and lead to the handlebars slapping and overheated brakes, especially when driving down mountain passes.

Especially with heavy motorcycles, there is the option of pulling a motorcycle trailer behind the motorcycle to transport luggage .

clothing

According to the driver's license regulation , “suitable motorcycle protective clothing” consists of “a suitable motorcycle helmet, motorcycle gloves, a tight-fitting motorcycle jacket, a back protector (if not integrated into the motorcycle jacket), motorcycle pants and motorcycle boots with adequate ankle protection”.

In addition to protecting against traumatic injuries , clothing should also prevent hypothermia and heat exhaustion due to fluid and electrolyte loss. The protective equipment should be complete, abrasion-resistant , water-repellent , breathable , functional and approved (helmet).

Means of transport

A motorcycle trip in the sense of transport economics is the movement of one or more people over a longer period of time on a motorcycle . In the tourism industry sense, a trip includes both the change of location and the stay at the destination. The means of transport used form a so-called travel chain, the journey can be continuous or interrupted by a change of means of transport ( car train , ferry , sea / air transport).

At the beginning of 2015, a total of 4.15 million motorcycles were registered in Germany. The average mileage of motorcyclists is 5,480 km per year, the annual mileage of drivers who use the motorcycle as a means of travel is well over 7,000 km. From 2012 to 2014, around 280,000 people went on a vacation trip with a motorcycle in Germany every year.

The vehicle manufacturers have reacted to the increasing demand for touring motorcycles and have developed touring bikes and travel enduros that, with a relaxed sitting posture thanks to wind and weather protection, also enable long-distance travel and easy stowing of luggage. According to the trade journal Motorrad , the requirements for a touring motorcycle include “a long-lasting, reliable engine, ample payload (around 200 kilograms) to accommodate two people and their luggage, sufficient range so that a refueling stop is not necessary every 150 kilometers, and Comfortable and comfortable accommodation for both rider and passengers. ”In 2012, 41.9% of all motorcycle sales in the United States were in the touring category.

Tourism

In scientific terms, trips are categorized according to their reason, purpose and duration, among other things, and the motivations for traveling are also examined. The attributes of motorcycle travelers are non- residents, temporary residents and consumers who use the services of the tourist infrastructure (accommodation, catering, entertainment) and consume foreign economic and cultural assets without providing productive services. Since motorcycle travelers are dependent on an existing infrastructure, the tourism industry has adjusted to the requirements for corresponding services and offers organization, rental vehicles , special accommodation, meeting points, route guidance, transport and transfer. The socio-demography outlines the typical motorcyclist as a male academic with an average age of 41.6 years and a good to very good income . Due to the resulting higher disposable income and the significant increase in motorcycle tourism, hotels, guest houses, inns and campsites are increasingly specializing in the provision of accommodation for motorcyclists. The Union Européenne de Motocyclisme (UEM), founded in 1995, defined standards for accommodation establishments in 2001 , which stipulate, among other things, storage facilities for motorcycles and a drying room for damp clothing.

In 1984 in the United States, the Butt Association (IBA, Iron German about "Iron Association butt" ) was established, which works for the promotion of long-distance bike rides and whose membership is open to motorcyclists only, at least, a 1000 mile ride (1,600 km) in have demonstrably performed less than 24 hours.

history

In 1912, the American journalist Carl Stearns Clancy undertook an 18,000-mile circumnavigation of the world on a Henderson Four , whose four-cylinder engine produced a rated output of 8 hp from 934 cc. Giuseppe Guzzi, the brother of the company founder of Moto Guzzi , drove a Moto Guzzi GT from the Italian headquarters in Mandello del Lario to the North Cape in 1928 . In 1929 the American two-wheeler manufacturer Harley-Davidson published camping advice for motorcycle travelers . From July 1932 to December 1933, the American adventurer and inventor Robert Edison Fulton drove a modified, two-cylinder Douglas T6 from London via Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Indonesia and China to Tokyo at the age of 23 .

Popular long distance tours

Royal Enfield Bullet 350 Twinspark in Kannur

Motorcycle tours through India with a Royal Enfield Bullet are popular. Popular routes in America are the Panamericana in north-south direction , as well as across the USA from Florida to California or on Route 66 from Chicago to Los Angeles with a Harley-Davidson . North of the US-American border, North America can also be crossed on the Trans-Canada Highway . South America can be traveled in a north-south direction on the Ruta Nacional 40 through Argentina or on the Ruta 5 through Chile .

In Australia , both the Outback crossing and the coastal National Highway 1 are popular. Africa can be traveled in a north-south direction via the east route (from Cairo to Cape Town) and the west route (through the Sahara, Sahel, Central Africa, South Africa). In Europe , the route through Scandinavia to the North Cape is often used, and the Alpine region is also a preferred destination.

For times around the world offer on the Eurasian continent either the northern route (Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Siberia) how they have traveled McGregor and Boorman, or the southern route from Europe via Turkey, Iran, Pakistan and India to Southeast Asia as Robert E Fulton took.

Well-known long-distance trips by motorcycle

Ted Simon's Triumph Tiger 100 "Jupiter"

Vietnam War veteran Dave Barr was the first double-leg amputee to circumnavigate the world on a Harley-Davidson Super Glide in 1994 . Nick Sanders broke the Guinness World Record in 1997 for the fastest circumnavigation of the world on a motorcycle. Kevin and Julia Sanders beat Nick Sanders' record in 2002 and have also held the Panamericana speed record since 2003 . Simon and Monika Newbound drove through 54 countries in three years and hold the world record for "motorcycle endurance" with a total distance of 168,000 km.

review

Motorcycle trips are a repeated topic in literature and film, both in themselves and in a figurative sense. So the US wrote author and philosopher Robert M. Pirsig , in 1968 on a Honda CB 77 Super Hawk of Saint Paul (Minnesota) to Petaluma ( California drove), in his successful semi-biographical novel Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance : “When you go on holiday on a motorcycle, you see the world with different eyes. In the car you always sit in a compartment, and because you're so used to it, you don't notice that everything you see through the car window is just television again. You are a passive spectator and everything passes by, framed in a uniform manner. The frame is gone on the motorcycle. You are in touch with everything. You're right in the middle of the scene instead of just looking at it, and the sense of presence is overwhelming. "

Feature films

The road movie Easy Rider from 1969 is about a trip from Los Angeles on Route 66 via New Orleans to Krotz Springs on modified Harley-Davidson motorcycles and represents the independence of the hippie era. The 2004 feature film The Journey of Young Che deals with Che Guevara's motorcycle trip on a Norton 500 M18 through South America in 1952. In Mit Herz und Hand (2005), New Zealander Burt Munro drives a modified Indian Scout from Los Angeles to Bonneville Speed Week .

Documentaries

BMW R 1200 GS Adventure K255 by Ewan McGregor in the Riverside Museum, Glasgow

The actors Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman undertook two long-distance travel, as travelogue and television series under the title Long Way Round - The wild ride around the world and Long Way Down From Scotland to Cape Town - appeared. On the first Tour Long Way Round in 2004 they rode a BMW R 1150 GS Adventure from London to Magadan and from Anchorage to New York City , the second tour three years later went on a BMW R 1200 GS Adventure K255 from the Scottish John o 'Groats to Cape Town . In 2012, the photojournalist Erik Peters filmed his five-month motorcycle trip on a Yamaha XT 660 Z Ténéré through Central and North America under the title Adventure North America - 23,000 kilometers from Mexico to Canada .

literature

Guevara with his Norton 500cc

The medical student Che Guevara wrote his memoir about the 1952 nine-month trip to South America under the title The Motorcycle Diaries . He and his friend Alberto Granado covered the distance from São Paulo to Temuco on a Norton. Journalist Ted Simon documented his 1973 journey of 64,000 miles through 45 countries with a Triumph Tiger 100 in the book Jupiter's Travels and Riding High .

Oss Kröher and Gustav Pfirrmann drove in 1951 from Germany to India with a then already 24 years old and only 9 kW (12 hp) sidecar type NSU 600 and describes the experiences in the book The East is wide . At the beginning of the 1980s, Claudia Metz and Klaus Schubert started on two enduro bikes of the type Yamaha XT 500 on a 16-year extreme adventure world tour, which can be read in the book Abgefahren . Neil Peart , the drummer for the Canadian rock band Rush , went on a long-distance drive after the death of his wife and daughter, documented in the 2002 book Ghost Rider: Travels on the Healing Road .

German language journals

Travel reports

The literature on motorcycling is extensive, Bernd Tesch lists over 1,600 works on the subject of "motorcycle travel" in his database that have been published since 1906.

  • Hjalte Tin, Nina Rasmussen: Dream trip South America. On a motorcycle and with kids from LA to Rio . Franz Schneider Verlag, 1988, ISBN 3-505-09532-X , p. 319 .
  • Martin Franitza: Icy slopes and snow flurries . A winter adventure with two BMW GS sidecars . Martin Franitza, 1998, ISBN 3-9804814-1-7 , p. 143 .
  • Christopher Baker: Mi Moto Fidel: Through Cuba by motorcycle . Frederking & Thaler, 2003, ISBN 3-442-71203-3 , p. 304 .
  • Geoff Hill: The Road to Gobblers Knob - From Chile to Alaska on a Motorbike . Blackstaff Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-85640-804-5 , pp. 310 (English).
  • Bernd Häusler: Pure New Zealand - nine months of job, traveling and motorcycling . Highlights-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-933385-39-0 , pp. 248 .
  • Christian Schulze: Himalaya & Co. - A motorcycle trip over the highest passes in the world . Highlights-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-933385-38-3 , pp. 232 .
  • Holger Janke: Jakobsweg: A motorcycle trip on the historic Jakobsweg from Hamburg to Santiago de Compostela and back . Highlights-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-933385-56-7 , pp. 216 .

Web links

Commons : Motorcycle touring  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Long-distance motorcycle  travel guide

Individual evidence

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  53. ^ Ernesto Guevara: The Motorcycle Diaries: Notes on a Latin American Journey . Harper Perennial, 1952, ISBN 978-0-9870779-5-0 , pp. 176 (English, google.de ).
  54. ^ John Whitmore : We're all the same. In: The Daily Telegraph . November 6, 2004, accessed March 7, 2015 .
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  56. ↑ Ted Simon: Riding High . Jupitalia Productions, 1998, ISBN 0-9654785-1-3 .
  57. ↑ Oss Kröher: The Orient is Far: The first motorcycle trip from the Rhine to the Ganges . Frederking & Thaler, 2002, ISBN 3-89405-165-5 , pp. 550 .
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  59. ↑ Claudia Metz, Klaus Schubert: Abgefahren: Around the world in 16 years . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1999, ISBN 3-462-03007-8 , pp. 320 .
  60. ↑ Neil Peart : Ghost Rider: Travels on the Healing Road . ECW Press, 2002, ISBN 1-55022-546-4 , pp.  400 (English).
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