Fatalities of right-wing extremist violence in the Federal Republic of Germany
There have been fatalities from right-wing extremist violence since the Federal Republic of Germany was founded . Right-wing violence was publicly discussed in Germany from the 1980s . Since reunification in 1990, right-wing extremist attacks against immigrants , especially repatriates and ethnic repatriates , emigrants , asylum seekers and people of Turkish origin in Germany have increased considerably. It was only after a few assassination attempts that the number of these attacks and their victims began to be recorded. These acts were now recognized, recorded and researched more strongly as a problem for society as a whole, and no longer just as a marginal phenomenon.
The recording criteria and the total number of these fatalities since 1990 are controversial. The Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) registered " hate crime ", including racist crimes against foreigners, the disabled, homosexuals and the homeless, not previously as state security offenses. The "system of definitions of politically motivated crime " introduced in 2001 is still more narrowly defined than in other countries and continues to be criticized by initiatives against right-wing extremism in Germany .
The federal government recognized only 83 murders as right-wing extremists by 2018. The Tagesspiegel and the editorial team of Zeit Online determined, however, that at least 169 people have been killed for right-wing extremist motives since 1990. After some follow-up investigations, the federal government recognized 94 killings as right-wing extremists. The criminologist Tobias Singelnstein held the actual number of victims in June 2019 to be twice as high. The Amadeu Antonio Foundation (AAS) currently (February 2020) counts 208 fatalities from right-wing extremist violence and also refers to at least twelve suspected cases.
Fatalities before 1990
From 1949 to 1990, victims of right-wing extremist violence were not recorded uniformly by the media or state authorities. One therefore reckons with a high number of unreported deaths. Approaches to right- wing terrorism in the 1980s caused a broad media response. This also brought possible deaths from neo-Nazi attacks into the public focus. Some older individual cases are also mentioned in the current discussion.
- A fireworker died in 1974 while attempting to defuse a bomb of the Nazi terrorist and then a functionary of the Young National Democrats in Wiesbaden Peter Naumann .
- In racist pogroms on August 11 and 12, 1979, two Cuban contract workers , Delfin Guerra (18) and Raúl Garcia Paret (21), were killed in Merseburg ( Halle district ) .
- On December 24, 1979, Rudi Dutschke drowned during an epileptic fit in the bathtub of his house in Aarhus, Denmark . The attack was a late aftermath of the politically motivated assassination attempt on Dutschke by the right-wing extremist Josef Bachmann on April 11, 1968. He shot at Dutschke and caused severe brain injuries.
- On January 5, 1980, the Turkish communist Celalettin Kesim was stabbed to death by Turkish right-wing extremists ( gray wolves ) and Islamists at the Kottbusser Tor in Berlin .
- On August 22, 1980, the two Vietnamese Ngoc Nguyen and Anh Lan Do died after an arson attack by Manfred Roeder's German action groups on a Hamburg transitional home for refugees.
- On September 26, 1980, 13 people were killed by a bomb during the Oktoberfest attack in Munich , 211 injured, 68 of them seriously.
- On December 19, 1980, Uwe Behrendt , a member of the right-wing extremist military sports group Hoffmann , murdered Rabbi Shlomo Lewin and his girlfriend Frieda Poeschke in Erlangen .
- On January 1, 1981, supporters of the right-wing extremist motorcycle club "Stander Greif" killed Sydi Battal Koparan (44) in Gündelbach (Ludwigsburg district, Baden-Württemberg). Then the neo-Nazis went through the village and shouted: "Where do fucking Turks still live here?"
- On May 29, 1981, the 28-year-old Friedhelm Enk, a member of the National Socialists / National Activists Action Front, murdered the 25-year-old ANS activist Johannes Bügner near Barsbüttel with 20 stab wounds. The perpetrator was accompanied by several ANS members. The motive for the act was the victim's homosexuality. Enk confessed to this after his arrest and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
- In May 1982 a man in Garbsen stabbed his Indian neighbor to death because the family he referred to as the "Kanakerpack" had parked a pram in the basement.
- In June 1982 Tevik Gürel (26) was killed in Norderstedt . Before the act, the neo-Nazis are said to have shouted “Foreigners out!”.
- On June 24, 1982, the neo-Nazi Helmut Oxner shot three people in Nuremberg .
- On October 16, 1982 Adrian Maleika and his friends were attacked by neo-Nazis and violent HSV “supporters” of the “Die Löwen” fan club with gas pistols, flares, sticks and bricks on the way to the Hamburger SV game against Werder Bremen . Maleika fled into a wood, where a neo-Nazi spotted him, threw a stone at his head and brutally met him. Adrian Maleika died a day later in the hospital in Hamburg's Altona district of a skull base fracture and cerebral haemorrhage.
- After an arson attack by the Ludwig group in Munich on January 7, 1984, the 20-year-old bar girl Corinna Tatarotti died from burns a few months later.
- On 26./27. August 1984 seven Turkish immigrants died in an arson attack in Duisburg-Wanheimerort . The perpetrator also carried out an attack on a refugee home in 1993; Investigators did not consider either of these acts to be politically motivated.
- In 1984 a member of the Turkish Gray Wolves shot Fatma E. and her lawyer Seyran Ateş in Berlin . Fatma E. died, Seyran Ateş was critically injured.
- On July 25, 1985, Mehmet Kaymakcı (29) was slain by three neo-Nazis in Hamburg-Langenhorn .
- Ramazan Avcı (1959–1985) , a 26-year-old from Turkey, died on December 24, 1985 . This was preceded by a hunt during which Avcı was hit near the Landwehr S-Bahn station in Hamburg's Hohenfelde district by a car with which five neo-Nazis were chasing him and his two companions when he tried to escape on a bus. The neo-Nazis then beat and kicked those who were lying on the ground so badly that he fell into a coma and later succumbed to his injuries in the hospital. The right-wing extremists were caught and sentenced in 1986 to prison terms of between one and ten years. The police believed as early as January 1987 that this act of violence was “only a brief flare-up”: “The skins have withdrawn. The Avci story shocked many of them. ”In the second half of last year there were no more serious acts of violence by skinheads against foreigners.
- On June 30, 1986, the 23-year-old Mozambican contract worker Manuel Antonio Diogo died during a train ride from East Berlin to Coswig (Anhalt) . Diogo met a group of neo-Nazis on the train, they tied him up and roped his body off the train at full speed. That same night the severely mutilated body of Diogo was found between the Borne and Belzig stops .
- On February 3, 1987, the 17-year-old neo-Nazi Gerd-Roger Bornemann was murdered by four neo-Nazis he knew from the spectrum of the FAP in Hanover .
- On August 19, 1987, the 20-year-old Iranian refugee Kiomars Javadi was detained and mistreated in Tübingen (Baden-Württemberg) after an alleged theft by employees of a supermarket. The 18-year-old apprentice Andreas U. put him in a stranglehold for 18 minutes. According to coroners, Kiomars was dead in four to six minutes.
- On the night of September 19-20, 1987 at around 11 p.m., a racist mob killed Mozambican apprentice Carlos Conceicao (* 1969) in Staßfurt ( Magdeburg district ).
- On the night of December 16-17, 1988, the 19-year-old trainee Josef Saller, a member of the neo-Nazi organization Nationalist Front , set fire to a house in Schwandorf , where mainly Turks lived. The arson attack burned or suffocated the worker Osman Can (49), his wife Fatma (43), his son Mehmet (11) and the acoustician Jürgen Hübener (47). In court the perpetrator said: "I hate foreigners."
- On May 12, 1989, the father of the family Ufuk Şahin was stabbed to death in the Märkisches Viertel in Berlin and died. The perpetrator gave the oriental appearance of his victim as a motive. Around 7,000 people took part in the funeral march that followed. This was disrupted by neo-Nazis.
Fatalities after reunification
Information from the federal government
In 2009, the federal government reported 46 unnamed fatalities from right-wing extremist violence since 1990. By February 2012, the figure rose to 58. This included ten murder victims of the terrorist organization National Socialist Underground (2000 to 2007). Then there were the Iraqi Kamal Kilade, who was murdered in Leipzig in October 2010, and two later reported victims in 1996 and 1999 in Saxony.
After the NSU murders (Ceska series of murders) became known , the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) issued a decree at the end of 2011 to review 3300 previously unsolved killings and attempts to find possible right-wing extremist motives. The test was the responsibility of the Joint Defense Center against Right-Wing Extremism / Right-Wing Terrorism (GAR). By the summer of 2014, the Federal Ministry of the Interior wanted to present corrected figures for the fatalities of right-wing extremist violence. On December 4, 2013, the Federal Ministry of the Interior announced that the BKA and the state police authorities had discovered evidence of “possible political right-wing motivation” in 746 cases with 849 fatalities between 1990 and 2011. Among them were 137 cases of the researched "victim lists".
On July 27, 2015, the Federal Ministry of the Interior stated that since 1990, 75 people had been murdered in 69 attacks with a right-wing extremist background. This was 17 more murder victims than previously known. 15 of these were found during a joint review of old cases by the federal and state criminal authorities, and two new cases were added.
In June 2018, the federal government again corrected the information upwards. According to their statistics, 76 homicides with 83 fatalities have been recorded since 1990.
Information from the Amadeu Antonio Foundation
Some media, the initiative Courage against right-wing violence , the network against Nazis , the Pro Asyl association , Cura victims ' fund and regional victim counseling centers keep their own chronicles of right-wing extremist acts of violence. The Tagesspiegel and the Frankfurter Rundschau had kept victim chronicles since 1990. The weekly newspaper Die Zeit took over and expanded it. Up to September 2010, her chronicle traced up to 156 deaths to right-wing extremist motives. The federal government had recognized only 73 of them by then. Therefore, some federal states initiated an internal review. Only Brandenburg commissioned an external research institute, the Moses Mendelssohn Center for European-Jewish Studies (MMZ), to examine older cases. The center formed an independent group of experts who gained insight into police and investigation files as well as some court judgments. The Amadeu Antonio Foundation is represented in this group and, for its part, checked the deaths it came across on the basis of state files. She criticizes the state statistics as distorted, because the BKA only includes acts for which a solid right-wing extremist perpetrator sentiment can be proven as "triggering and determining the crime". This does not adequately capture the perspective of relatives and witnesses, nor social Darwinist or racist motives of "everyday racists from the middle of society". The Amadeu Antonio Foundation's only nationwide list of fatalities brings together the information from other initiatives, is constantly updated and takes into account both acts by clear right-wing extremists and homicides "in which a social Darwinist and racist / right-wing motivation played at least a role accompanying the crime. “By mid-November 2017, she named 195 deaths (No. 0-194) and 13 suspected cases.
These are distributed over the individual years as follows:
Complete list
- Colorless: officially recognized cases
- Green: more cases according to the Amadeu Antonio Foundation
No. | Surname | Date of death | place | Age |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mahmud Azhar | March 6, 1990 | Berlin | 40 |
2 | Andrzej Frątczak | October 7, 1990 | Luebbenau | 36 |
3 | Amadeu Antonio Kiowa | December 6, 1990 | Eberswalde | 28 |
4th | Klaus-Dieter Reichert | December 11, 1990 | Berlin-Lichtenberg | 24 |
5 | Nihat Yusufoğlu | December 28, 1990 | Hachenburg | 17th |
6th | Alexander Selchow | January 1, 1991 | Rosdorf | 21st |
7th | Homeless man | January 6, 1991 | Flensburg | 31 |
8th | Jorge Gomondai | April 6, 1991 | Dresden | 28 |
9 | Helmut Leja | 4th June 1991 | Kästorf (Gifhorn) | 39 |
10 | Agostinho Comboio | June 16, 1991 | Friedrichshafen | 34 |
11 | Wolfgang too | September 22, 1991 | Schwedt | 28 |
12 | Samuel Kofi Yeboah | September 19, 1991 | Saarlouis | 27 |
13 | Mete Ekşi | November 13, 1991 | Berlin-Charlottenburg | 19th |
14th | Gerd Himmstädt | 3rd December 1991 | Hohenselchow | 30th |
15th | Timo Kählke | December 12, 1991 | Meuro | 29 |
16 | Namely unknown man from Sri Lanka | January 31, 1992 | Lampertheim | 29 |
17th | Namely unknown woman from Sri Lanka | January 31, 1992 | Lampertheim | 31 |
18th | Namely unknown child from Sri Lanka | January 31, 1992 | Lampertheim | 1 |
19th | Blanka Zmigrod | February 23, 1992 | Frankfurt am Main | 68 |
20th | Matthias Knabe | March 4th 1992 | Gifhorn | 23 |
21st | Dragomir Christinel | March 15, 1992 | room | 19th |
22nd | Ingo Finnern | March 19, 1992 | Flensburg | 31 |
23 | Gustav Schneeclaus | March 22, 1992 | Buxtehude | 53 |
24 | Erich Bosse | April 4, 1992 | Hörstel | |
25th | Nguyễn Văn Tú | April 24, 1992 | Berlin-Marzahn | 29 |
26th | Torsten Lamprecht | May 9, 1992 | Magdeburg | 23 |
27 | Emil Wendtland | July 1, 1992 | Neuruppin | 50 |
28 | Sadri Berisha | July 8, 1992 | Ostfildern-Kemnat | 56 |
29 | Dieter Klaus Klein | August 1, 1992 | Bad Breisig | 49 |
30th | Ireneusz Szyderski | 3rd August 1992 | Stuttering home | 24 |
31 | Frank Bönisch | August 24, 1992 | Koblenz | 35 |
32 | Günter Heinrich Hermann Schwannecke | 5th September 1992 | Berlin-Charlottenburg | 58 |
33 | Waltraud Scheffler | October 23, 1992 | Geierswalde | 44 |
34 | Rolf Schulze | November 7, 1992 | Lehnin | 52 |
35 | Karl Hans Rohn | November 13, 1992 | Wuppertal | 53 |
36 | Silvio Meier | November 21, 1992 | Berlin-Friedrichshain | 27 |
37 | Alfred Salomon | November 21, 1992 | Wuelfrath | 92 |
38 | Bahide Arslan | November 23, 1992 | Mölln | 51 |
39 | Yeliz Arslan | November 23, 1992 | Mölln | 10 |
40 | Ayşe Yılmaz | November 23, 1992 | Mölln | 14th |
41 | Bruno Kappi | December 15, 1992 | Weidenau (Siegen) | 55 |
42 | Hans-Jochen Lommatzsch | 18th December 1992 | Oranienburg | 55 |
43 | Sahin Calisir | December 27, 1992 | Meerbusch | 20th |
44 | Karl Sidon | January 15, 1993 | Arnstadt | 45 |
45 | Mario Jödecke | January 24, 1993 | Schlotheim | 23 |
46 | Mike Zerna | February 25, 1993 | Hoyerswerda | 22nd |
47 | Mustafa Demiral | March 9, 1993 | Mülheim / Ruhr | 55 |
48 | Hans-Peter Zarse | March 12, 1993 | Uelzen | 18th |
49 | Matthias Lüders | April 28, 1993 | Obhausen | 23 |
50 | Gursün Ince | May 29, 1993 | Solingen | 27 |
51 | Hatice Genc | May 29, 1993 | Solingen | 18th |
52 | Hülya Genc | May 29, 1993 | Solingen | 9 |
53 | Saime Genc | May 29, 1993 | Solingen | 4th |
54 | Gülüstan Öztürk | May 29, 1993 | Solingen | 12 |
55 | Horst Hennersdorf | 5th June 1993 | Fürstenwalde | 37 |
56 | Hans-Georg Jacobson | July 28, 1993 | Strausberg | 35 |
57 | Homeless man | October 1993 | Marl | 33 |
58 | Bakary Singateh | 7th December 1993 | Hamburg-Buchholz | 19th |
59 | Ali Bayram | February 18, 1994 | Darmstadt | 50 |
60 | Eberhart Tennstedt | April 5, 1994 | Quedlinburg | 43 |
61 | Klaus R. | May 28, 1994 | Leipzig | 43 |
62 | Beate Fischer | July 23, 1994 | Berlin-Reinickendorf | 32 |
63 | Jan W. | July 26, 1994 | Berlin | 45 |
64 | Gunter Marx | August 6, 1994 | Velten | 42 |
65 | Piotr Kania | November 6, 1994 | Rotenburg on the Fulda | 18th |
66 | Michael Gäbler | November 20, 1994 | Zittau | 18th |
67 | Horst Pulter | 5th February 1995 | Velbert | 65 |
68 | Peter T. | June 12, 1995 | Hohenstein-Ernstthal | 24 |
69 | Dagmar Kohlmann | July 16, 1995 | Altena | 28 |
70 | Klaus Peter Beer | September 7, 1995 | On the mountain | 48 |
71 | Monica Maiamba Bunga | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 27 |
72 | Nsuzana Bunga | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 7th |
73 | Françoise Makodila Landu | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 32 |
74 | Miya Makodila | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 14th |
75 | Christine Makodila | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 17th |
76 | Christelle Makodila Nsimba | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 8th |
77 | Legrand Makodila Mbongo | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 5 |
78 | Jean-Daniel Makodila Kosi | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 3 |
79 | Rabia El Omari | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 17th |
80 | Sylvio Bruno Comlan Amoussou | January 18, 1996 | Lübeck | 27 |
81 | Patricia Wright | February 3, 1996 | Bergisch Gladbach | 23 |
82 | Sven Beuter | February 20, 1996 | Brandenburg on the Havel | 23 |
83 | Martin Kemming | March 15, 1996 | Dorsten-Rhade | 26th |
84 | Bernd Grigol | May 8, 1996 | Leipzig | 43 |
85 | Boris Morawek | July 13, 1996 | Wolgast | 26th |
86 | Werner Weickum | July 19, 1996 | Eppingen | 44 |
87 | Achmed Bachir | October 23, 1996 | Leipzig | 30th |
89 | Frank Boettcher | February 8, 1997 | Magdeburg | 17th |
88 | Stefan Grage | February 23, 1997 | Roseburg motorway car park | 34 |
91 | Phan Van Toan | April 30, 1997 | Fredersdorf-Vogelsdorf | 42 |
89 | Olaf Schmidke | April 17, 1997 | Berlin-Treptow | 26th |
90 | Chris Danneil | April 17, 1997 | Berlin-Treptow | 31 |
91 | Horst Gens | April 22, 1997 | Sassnitz | 50 |
92 | Augustin Blotzki | May 8, 1997 | King Wusterhausen | 59 |
93 | Matthias Scheydt | September 23, 1997 | cottbus | 39 |
94 | Josef Anton Gera | 17th October 1997 | Bochum | 59 |
95 | Georg Jürgen Uhl | September 27, 1997 | cottbus | 45 |
96 | Jana Georgi | March 26, 1998 | Saalfeld / Saale | 14th |
97 | Erich Fisk | August 30, 1998 | Angermünde | 59 |
98 | Nuno Lourenço | December 29, 1998 | Markkleeberg - Gaschwitz | 49 |
99 | Farid Guendoul | February 13, 1999 | Guben | 28 |
100 | Egon Efferts | March 17, 1999 | Duisburg- Walsum | 58 |
101 | Peter Deutschmann | August 9, 1999 | Eschede | 44 |
102 | Carlos Fernando | August 15, 1999 | Kolbermoor | 35 |
103 | Patrick Thürmer | October 2, 1999 | Hohenstein-Ernstthal | 17th |
104 | Kurt Schneider | October 6, 1999 | Berlin-Lichtenberg | 38 |
105 | Hans-Werner Gärtner | October 8, 1999 | Löbejün | 37 |
106 | Karl-Heinz Lietz | November 1, 1999 | Bad Reichenhall | 54 |
107 | Daniela Peyerl | November 1, 1999 | Bad Reichenhall | 18th |
108 | Horst Zillenbiller | November 1, 1999 | Bad Reichenhall | 60 |
109 | Ruth Zillenbiller | November 1, 1999 | Bad Reichenhall | 59 |
110 | Jörg Danek | December 29, 1999 | Halle-Neustadt | 39 |
111 | Bernd Schmidt | January 31, 2000 | White water | 52 |
112 | Helmut Sackers | April 29, 2000 | Halberstadt | 60 |
113 | Dieter Eich | May 25, 2000 | Berlin book | 52 |
114 | Falko Lüdtke | May 31, 2000 | Eberswalde | 22nd |
115 | Alberto Adriano | June 11, 2000 | Dessau | 39 |
116 | Thomas Goretzki | June 14, 2000 | Dortmund | 35 |
117 | Yvonne Hachtkemper | June 14, 2000 | Waltrop | 34 |
118 | Matthias Larisch von Woitowitz | June 14, 2000 | Waltrop | 34 |
119 | Klaus-Dieter Gerecke | June 24, 2000 | Greifswald | 47 |
120 | Jürgen Seifert | July 9, 2000 | Wismar | 52 |
121 | Norbert Plath | July 27, 2000 | Ahlbeck | 51 |
122 | Enver Şimşek | September 9, 2000 | Nuremberg | 38 |
123 | Malte Lerch | September 12, 2000 | Schleswig | 45 |
124 | Eckhardt Rütz | November 25, 2000 | Greifswald | 42 |
125 | Belaid Baylal | November 4, 2000 | Belzig | 98 |
126 | Willi Worg | March 25, 2001 | Spleen | 38 |
127 | Fred Blanke | March 26, 2001 | Grim | 51 |
128 | Mohammed Belhadj | April 22, 2001 | Jarmen | 31 |
129 | Abdurrahim Özüdoğru | June 13, 2001 | Nuremberg | 49 |
130 | Suleyman Taşköprü | June 27, 2001 | Hamburg | 31 |
131 | Dieter Manzke | August 9, 2001 | Dahlewitz | 61 |
132 | Dorit Botts | August 17, 2001 | Fulda | 54 |
133 | Habil Kılıç | August 29, 2001 | Munich | 38 |
134 | Ingo Binsch | November 6, 2001 | Berlin | 36 |
135 | Klaus Dieter Lehmann | May 15, 2002 | Neubrandenburg | 19th |
136 | Kajrat Batesov | May 23, 2002 | Wittstock | 24 |
137 | Ronald Masch | June 1, 2002 | New Mahlisch | 29 |
138 | Marinus Schöberl | July 12, 2002 | Potzlow | 16 |
139 | Ahmet Sarlak | August 9, 2002 | Sulzbach | 19th |
140 | Hartmut Balzke | January 25, 2003 | Erfurt | 48 |
141 | Andreas Oertel | March 21, 2003 | Naumburg | 40 |
142 | Enrico Schreiber | March 29, 2003 | Frankfurt / Oder | 25th |
143 | Günter T. | April 20, 2003 | Riesa | 35 |
144 | Gerhard Fischhöder | July 10, 2003 | Scharnebeck | 49 |
145 | Thomas K. | October 4, 2003 | Leipzig | 16 |
146 | Hartmut Nickel | October 7, 2003 | Overath | 61 |
147 | Mechthild Bucksteeg | October 7, 2003 | Overath | 53 |
148 | Alja Nickel | October 7, 2003 | Overath | 26th |
149 | Petros C. | December 6, 2003 | Candelabra | 22nd |
150 | Stefanos C. | December 6, 2003 | Kandel (Palatinate) | 23 |
151 | Viktor Filimonov | December 20, 2003 | Heidenheim | 15th |
152 | Waldemar Ickert | December 20, 2003 | Heidenheim | 16 |
153 | Aleksander Schleicher | December 20, 2003 | Heidenheim | 17th |
154 | Oleg Valger | January 21, 2004 | Gera / Bieblach-Ost | 27 |
155 | Martin Görges | January 30, 2004 | Castle | 46 |
156 | Mehmet Turgut | February 25, 2004 | Rostock | 25th |
157 | Oury Jalloh | January 7, 2005 | Dessau | 36 |
158 | Thomas Schulz | March 28, 2005 | Dortmund | 32 |
159 | Stranger | July 1, 2005 | eat | 44 |
160 | İsmail Yaşar | June 9, 2005 | Nuremberg | 50 |
161 | Theodoros Boulgarides | June 15, 2005 | Munich | 41 |
162 | Tim Maier | November 26, 2005 | Bad Buchau | 20th |
163 | Andreas Pietrzak | May 6, 2006 | Plattling | 41 |
164 | Mehmet Kubaşık | April 4, 2006 | Dortmund | 39 |
165 | Halit Yozgat | April 6, 2006 | kassel | 21st |
166 | Andreas F. | January 1, 2007 | Wismar | 30th |
167 | Michèle Kiesewetter | April 25, 2007 | Heilbronn | 22nd |
168 | MS | July 14, 2007 | Brinjahe | 17th |
169 | Peter Siebert | April 26, 2008 | Memmingen | 40 |
170 | Bernd Koehler | July 23, 2008 | Templin | 55 |
171 | Karl-Heinz Teichmann | September 6, 2008 | Leipzig | 59 |
172 | Hans-Joachim Sbrzesny | August 1, 2008 | Dessau | 50 |
173 | Rick Langenstein | August 16, 2008 | Magdeburg | 20th |
174 | Marcel W. | August 24, 2008 | Bernburg | 18th |
175 | Marwa El-Sherbini | July 1, 2009 | Dresden | 31 |
176 | Sven M. | May 14, 2010 | Hemer | 27 |
177 | Kamal Kilade | October 24, 2010 | Leipzig | 19th |
178 | Duy-Doan Pham | March 27, 2011 | Neuss | 59 |
179 | André Kleinau | May 27, 2011 | Oschatz | 50 |
180 | Klaus-Peter Kühn | June 16, 2012 | Suhl | 59 |
181 | Karl Heinz L. | September 30, 2012 | Butzow | 59 |
182 | Charles Werabe | 23 October 2014 | Limburg | 55 |
183 | Sevda Dag | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 45 |
184 | Chousein Daitzik | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 17th |
185 | Selcuk Kilic | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 15th |
186 | Giuliano Josef Kollmann | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 19th |
187 | Can Leyla | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 15th |
188 | Janos Roberto Rafael | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 15th |
189 | Armela Sehashi | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 14th |
190 | Sabine Sulaj | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 14th |
191 | Dijamant Zabergaja | July 22, 2016 | Munich | 20th |
192 | Eugeniu Botnari | 20th September 2016 | Berlin-Lichtenberg | 34 |
193 | Daniel Ernst | 20th October 2016 | Georgensgmünd | 32 |
194 | Ruth K. | 1st March 2017 | Chub | 85 |
195 | Christopher W. | 17th April 2018 | Aue | 27 |
196 | Walter Lübcke | 2nd June 2019 | Istha | 65 |
197 | Jana Lange | October 9, 2019 | Hall | 40 |
198 | Kevin Black | October 9, 2019 | Hall | 20th |
199 | Gökhan Gültekin | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 37 |
200 | Ferhat Ünver | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 22nd |
201 | Hamza Kurtović | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 22nd |
202 | Mercedes Kierpacz + unborn child | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 35 |
203 | Sedat Gürbüz | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 30th |
204 | Kaloyan Welkov | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 32 |
205 | Vili Viorel Păun | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 23 |
206 | Fatih Saraçoğlu | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 34 |
207 | Said Nessar El Hashemi | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 21st |
208 | Gabriele Rathjen | 19th February 2020 | Hanau | 72 |
Suspected cases
The Amadeu Antonio Foundation lists the following 12 suspected cases up to November 2018:
No. | Surname | Date of death | place | Age |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ingo Ludwig | 5th January 1992 | Klein-Mutz near Gransee | 18th |
2 | Jeff Dominiak | May 26, 1993 | Waldeck (Mittenwalde) | 25th |
3 | Antonio Melis | February 13, 1997 | Caputh | 37 |
4th | Klaus-Dieter Harms | August 9, 2001 | Wittenberg | 61 |
5 | Arthur Lampel | September 9, 2001 | Bräunlingen | 18th |
6th | Jeremiah Duggan | March 27, 2003 | Wiesbaden | 22nd |
7th | Jenisa B. | September 7, 2007 | Hanover | 5 |
8th | Burak Bektas | April 5, 2012 | Berlin-Neukölln | 22nd |
9 | Andrea B. | October 31, 2012 | Hanover | 44 |
10 | Konstantin Moljanov | 17th July 2013 | Kaufbeuren | 34 |
11 | Dano M. | March 14, 2014 | Herford | 5 |
12 | Luke Holland | 20th September 2015 | Berlin | 31 |
Die Zeit and the Moses Mendelssohn Center reported further suspected cases at the end of 2018:
Surname | Date of death | place | Age |
---|---|---|---|
Eberhard Arnold | October 21, 1990 | Ludwigsburg | 23 |
Gerhard Sch. | June 1, 1991 | Leipzig | 43 |
Peter Konrad | April 25, 1992 | Werder on the Havel | 31 |
Grigore Velcu | June 29, 1992 | Nadrensee | |
Eudache calderar | June 29, 1992 | Nadrensee | |
Gamal Hegab | 17th December 1992 | Berlin center | 35 |
Sandro Beyer | April 29, 1993 | Sondershausen | 15th |
Angela S. | June 21, 1993 | Berlin-Kreuzberg | 29 |
Dario S. | June 21, 1993 | Berlin-Kreuzberg | 2 |
Raina Jovanović | January 26, 1994 | Cologne | 62 |
Jasminka Jovanović | January 26, 1994 | Cologne | 12 |
Ante B. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 60 |
Lyuba B. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 55 |
Zuzanna M. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 57 |
Athina S. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 24 |
Kristina S. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 2 |
Nebahat S. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 27 |
Aynül S. | March 16, 1994 | Stuttgart | 4th |
Michael Silbermann | November 1995 | Dresden | 22nd |
Sven Silbermann | November 1995 | Dresden | 24 |
Sanjib Kumar Shrestha | December 29, 1995 | Oelde | 21st |
Gerhard Helmut B. | December 17, 1995 | Leipzig | 19th |
Horst K. | December 30, 1995 | Leipzig-Grünau | 43 |
Jugosloven Ignjatovic | February 17, 2000 | Berlin-Wedding | 51 |
Christa G. | June 30, 2003 | Spice up | 64 |
Holger Urbaniak | October 7, 2007 | Frankfurt / Oder | 49 |
Klaus B. | September 1, 2016 | Waldbröl | 40 |
Ramona Sorce | May 7, 2017 | Homburg / Saar-Schwarzenacker | 42 |
Bilal A. | March 27, 2018 | Bergisch Gladbach | 30th |
Just like non-governmental victim protection initiatives, they assume a high number of unreported deaths, particularly among unreported people, such as illegal immigrants and the homeless.
Murders with controversial motives
Various media reported on other homicides likely by right-wing extremists. Some of these had been the subject of parliamentary inquiries since the 1990s, but were not included in the federal statistics because other motives were assumed.
Victim | Date of death | place | Age |
---|---|---|---|
Homeless man | July 27, 1990 | Gelsenkirchen | |
Turk | March 6, 1992 | Reilingen | |
Melanie Harke | March 11, 1992 | Schwedt | 13 |
Croatian | December 6, 1992 | Jänschwalde | |
Homeless man | January 7, 1993 | Wetzlar | |
Kerstin Winter | January 23, 1993 | Freiburg | 24 |
Bernd Z. | June 1993 | Oranienburg | 29 |
Homeless man | 1993 | Bad Segeberg | |
Holger T. | September 19, 1993 | Werneuchen near Bernau | 51 |
Farid Boukhit | September 27, 1994 | Magdeburg | 30th |
Guido Zeidler | February 23, 1995 | Hennigsdorf | 20th |
Mario L. | December 22, 1995 | Grimma | 15th |
Andreas Götz | August 1, 1996 | Eisenhüttenstadt | 36 |
Bektas Heval | June 4th 1997 | Friedrichshafen / Lake Constance | 26th |
Social worker | August 24, 1997 | Potzlow | 45 |
Zygmunt R. | November 27, 2002 | Altdorf | 53 |
Edgar R. | June 5, 2004 | Güsten | 47 |
Jürgen G. | July 10, 2006 | cottbus | 51 |
Homeless man | July 24, 2007 | Blankenburg (Harz) | 59 |
Nguyen Tan Dung | August 6, 2008 | Berlin | 19th |
Jim Reeves (singer, 1968) | February 1, 2016 | Berlin-Charlottenburg | 47 |
Shaden M. | April 14, 2017 | cottbus | 22nd |
Additional information
See also
literature
- Andreas W. Böttger, Olaf Lobermeier, Katarzyna Plachta: Victims of right-wing extremist violence. The victims' point of view. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2014, ISBN 978-3-531-93394-8
- Dorina Feldmann, Christoph Kopke, Gebhard Schulz: Fatalities from right-wing extremist and racist violence in Brandenburg (1990–2008). In: Wolfgang Frindte and others (ed.): Right-wing extremism and "National Socialist Underground". Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-09997-8 , pp. 341-358.
- Fabian Virchow, Martin Langebach, Alexander Häusler (eds.): Handbook for right-wing extremism. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-531-19085-3
Web links
- Commemoration of sacrifice
- Victim perspective eV Potsdam: Victims of right-wing violence since 1990
- Victim perspective eV: In memory: Fatalities of right-wing violence in Brandenburg
- Zeit.de: Fatalities of right-wing violence since 1990 (map)
- Mobile advice for victims of right-wing violence Magdeburg: We remember the victims of right-wing violence in Saxony-Anhalt
- Information on right-wing extremist crimes
- Federal Agency for Civic Education: Dossier right-wing extremism: perpetrators and victims
- Petra Pau (Die Linke): List of inquiries in the Bundestag, including on homicides with a right-wing extremist background
- Winnie Sellkens, Michael Wilde (infopartisan.net): Right-wing extremist crimes - a shadow report . (PDF; 1 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Helmut Remschmidt and others: Homicides and violent crimes among young people: causes, assessment, prognosis. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-642-29871-4 , p. 56 ; Reform of the police registration of right-wing crimes. Victims perspective, January 1, 2004
- ↑ Frank Jansen, Heike Kleffner, Johannes Radke, Toralf Staud: Fatalities of right-wing violence in Germany since reunification. Tagesspiegel, September 27, 2018
- ↑ Christopher Onkelbach: Extremism researchers warn of further acts of violence. WAZ, June 22, 2019
- ↑ a b Amadeu Antonio Foundation: Victims of right-wing violence ; Belltower News: The list: 208 fatalities of right-wing extremist and racist violence since 1990. February 21, 2020
- ↑ Harry Waibel : The failed anti-fascism of the SED - Racism in the GDR. Frankfurt am Main 2014, pp. 128–130.
- ↑ Ulrich Chaussy: Oktoberfest - The assassination: How the repression of right-wing terror began. Christoph Links, Berlin 2014, ISBN 3-86153-757-5 , pp. 98-101
- ↑ Ulrich Chaussy: Oktoberfest - Das Attentat , Berlin 2014, p. 243
- ↑ a b c "We kill hookers and bastards." In West Germany, violent criminals mobilize against foreigners. Spiegel, July 5, 1982
- ↑ Dietrich Strobmann: Right-wing Terror: Lesson from "Grandma". Background of the Hamburg Fememordes. Time June 12, 1981
- ^ Broder-Jürgen Trede: Fan riots: stones instead of flanks. Spiegel, October 16, 2007
- ^ Güner Yasemin Balcı : The virginal delusion. Arte / BpB, December 4, 2015
- ↑ a b Sabine Stamer : Some learn karate. Die Zeit , January 16, 1987 (fee required)
- ↑ Right-wing radicals: finish off the Turks. Spiegel, December 30, 1985
- ^ Commemoration of the killed Belaid Baylal. Märkische Allgemeine, May 12, 2017
- ^ Right army faction. Spiegel, Aug. 10, 1987; Andrea Morgenthaler: Roger Bornemann - Death of a Skinhead. Documentary, Federal Republic of Germany 1989; Jürgen Felix, Heinz-B. Heller (Ed.): Film and Television Studies Colloquium III. AkS publications, Marburg 1993, ISBN 3-88811-550-7 , p. 187f.
- ↑ Unvergessen.de: Javadi, Kiomars - Victims of right-wing violence in Baden-Württemberg ; Shoplifting: death in vain. Vigilante justice in the supermarket: Were the perpetrators themselves victims of stress and exploitation? Spiegel, August 31, 1987; Christian Gampert: Shoplifting: "He's still panting". Apprentice brought down the foreign customer. Zeit, July 8th, 1988
- ^ Harry Waibel: Racists in Germany. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2012, p. 124 f.
- ^ Olaf Sundermeyer: Right terror in Germany: A history of violence. Beck, Munich 2012, ISBN 3-406-63845-7 , p. 2001
- ^ Berlin: cause of death hatred of foreigners. taz, May 17, 1989
- ↑ Foreigners: Explosive box. Spiegel, June 26, 1989
- ^ German Bundestag: Right-wing extremist homicides since 1990 and anti-Semitically motivated desecrations of Jewish cemeteries since 2000. Printed matter 16/14122, 16th electoral period, October 7, 2009
- ↑ Claus Peter Müller, Axel Wermelskirchen, David Klaubert: series of crimes before clearing up: Heilbronn, Eisenach, kebab murders. FAZ, November 11, 2011
- ↑ Frank Jansen: Now officially 58 deaths from right-wing violence. Tagesspiegel, February 20, 2012
- ↑ Christian Tretbar: Far more victims of right-wing violence than previously thought. Tagesspiegel, December 4, 2013; M. Decker, A. Kopietz: Right-wing extremist acts of violence: Right-wing violence? Berlin is examining 78 deaths. Berliner Zeitung, December 4, 2013
- ↑ Far right crime numbers may be higher. Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung, December 4, 2013
- ↑ Thomas Hummitzsch: Right-wing extremism: 746 homicides are examined for the right motive. BpB, January 16, 2014
- ↑ Federal government corrects the number of victims of right-wing violence upwards. Zeit Online, July 27, 2015
- ↑ Frank Jansen: More deaths from right-wing violence since 1990 than known. Tagesspiegel, June 18, 2018
- ↑ a b Frank Jansen, Heike Kleffner , Johannes Radke, Toralf Staud : Documentation: 156 Fates: They died because they were different: This documentation tells the story of each individual victim. Time, September 16, 2010, updated June 30, 2015
- ↑ Anna Brausam: Victims of right-wing violence since 1990. AAS / Stern, June 14, 2017
- ↑ fatalities right-wing violence (1990-2020) Amadeu Antonio Foundation, March 2020
- ↑ Karl Sidon. Amadeu Antonio Foundation
- ↑ Actively remembering instead of forgetting in silence! - Racism Kills! - In memory of Nuno Lourenço. Rassismus-toetet-leipzig.org, June 19, 2017
- ↑ An apparently apolitical murder. Frankfurter Rundschau, October 8, 2018
- ↑ Martin Bernstein: Fatality portrait online: Amadeu Antonio Foundation, July 22, 2020
- ↑ Martin Bernstein: The murders at the OEZ were motivated by right-wing extremists. Süddeutsche Zeitung, March 14, 2018
- ↑ The silence after the fire. Zeit Online, September 30, 2018
- ↑ Hendrik Lasch: "A torture-like execution" Neues Deutschland, March 10, 2019
- ↑ a b 208 fatalities from right-wing extremist and racist violence since 1990. Belltower News, March 2020
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Felix Brandorff: The victims of the racist attack in Hanau. Belltower News, February 21, 2020
- ↑ Taz, January 12, 2016: Unsolved murders of migrants: The silence after the shooting
- ↑ Christoph Kopke, Gebhard Schultz: Research project "Review of controversial old cases of fatalities from right-wing extremist and racist violence in the state of Brandenburg since 1990": Final report. Moses Mendelssohn Center Potsdam, July 29, 2015
- ^ Victims of right-wing violence in Baden-Württemberg: Eberhard Arnold ; Skinhead murder trial. taz, June 22, 1991
- ↑ a b Jens Brinkmann: From nameless refugees and German conditions. Contemporary history online, March 1, 2012
- ↑ a b c d German Bundestag: Answer of the federal government to the small question of the MP Ulla Jelpke and the group of the PDS / Linke Liste: Right-wing extremist and xenophobic motivated homicides. Printed matter 12/4442, March 1, 1993
- ↑ Christoph Dieckmann: Ali Baba and the murderers. Time January 1, 1993
- ↑ Fatalities of right-wing violence: stabbed, slain, burned. Time, September 28, 2018
- ↑ a b Mario L. dieverschwiegenentoten.de: Murders
- ↑ Two dead - shock after a bloody attack in Schwarzenacker. Saarbrücker Zeitung, May 8, 2017; Reich citizen trial for shot SEK officials: "I am the free man Wolfgang!" Stern, October 21, 2017
- ↑ a b Devaluation and violence against "anti-social"
- ↑ 14 years for murder. taz, August 12, 1993
- ^ Victims of right-wing violence in Baden-Württemberg: Kerstin Winter. Unvergessen.blogsport.de
- ↑ a b Antifascist authors' collective: Behind the scenes. Fascist Activities in Brandenburg - Update '99 , p. 14
- ^ Barnimer Antifa research: Documentation and analysis of Nazi activities in the Barnim district 1990–2011. PDF p. 7
- ↑ In memory of all victims of fascist violence! Courage against right-wing violence, October 2008
- ^ Antirassistische Initiative eV Berlin (ed.): Federal German refugee policy and its deadly consequences. 1993 to 2009. 17th updated edition (PDF)
- ↑ Inforiot - Alternative dates and news for Brandenburg: Confronting the right consensus. Junge Welt, November 27, 2002 (fee required)
- ↑ Roswin Finkenzeller: A burning person was sitting on the park bench. FAZ, July 8, 2004; Erich Zwick: People sleeping on park bench set on fire: murder! Neumarkt Online, March 11, 2005
- ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, November 24, 2004: Crime trial against three young men for manslaughter began. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, November 24, 2004 (fee required)
- ↑ Murder after violent play: I wanted to see what I can do. Spiegel Online, December 7, 2006
- ^ Raids in East Germany. Right-wing extremists attack young people. Spiegel Online, July 19, 2007; Blankenburg. Young people kill homeless people in the Harz Mountains. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, July 19, 2007
- ↑ The Silvio Meier Demonstration 2015: “Go wherever there is a fire”. Time November 22, 2015
- ^ Sylvia Belka-Lorenz, Adrian Bartocha, Torsten Mandalka: Witnesses: Car accelerated before the impact. rbb, August 11, 2017; A student from Egypt first drove up and then mocked. Tagesspiegel, April 27, 2017