Trøndelag: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 63°25′37″N 10°23′35″E / 63.42694°N 10.39306°E / 63.42694; 10.39306
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| footnotes = <center>[http://www.ssb.no/english Data from Statistics Norway]</center>
| footnotes = <center>[http://www.ssb.no/english Data from Statistics Norway]</center>
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<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kartverket.no/kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|title=Arealstatistikk for Norge|date=2013-03-08|website=Kartverket|language=nb|access-date=2020-01-02}}</ref>'''Trøndelag''' ({{IPA-no|ˇtrœndəlɑːɡ|uen}})<ref>{{cite book|last=Berulfsen|first=Bjarne|title=Norsk Uttaleordbok|language=Norwegian|year=1969|publisher=[[Aschehoug|H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard)]]|location=Oslo|p=336}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Vanvik|first=Arne|title=Norsk Uttaleordbok: A Norwegian pronouncing dictionary|language=Norwegian, English|year=1985|publisher=Fonetisk institutt, [[University of Oslo|Universitetet i Oslo]]|location=Oslo|p=311|isbn=978-8299058414}}</ref> ({{lang-sma|Trööndelagen}}) is a [[Counties of Norway|county]] in the central part of [[Norway]]. It was created in 1687, then named Trondhjem County ({{lang-no|Trondhjems Amt}}); in 1804 the county was split into [[Nord-Trøndelag]] and [[Sør-Trøndelag]], and the counties were reunited in 2018. Trøndelag county and the neighbouring [[Møre og Romsdal]] county together form what is known as [[Central Norway]]. A [[demonym|person from Trøndelag]] is called a ''trønder''.
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kartverket.no/kunnskap/Fakta-om-Norge/Arealstatistikk/Arealstatistikk-Norge/|title=Arealstatistikk for Norge|date=2013-03-08|website=Kartverket|language=nb|access-date=2020-01-02}}</ref>'''Trøndelag''' ({{IPA-no|ˈtrœ̂ndəlɑːɡ|uen}})<ref>{{cite book|last=Berulfsen|first=Bjarne|title=Norsk Uttaleordbok|language=Norwegian|year=1969|publisher=[[Aschehoug|H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard)]]|location=Oslo|p=336}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Vanvik|first=Arne|title=Norsk Uttaleordbok: A Norwegian pronouncing dictionary|language=Norwegian, English|year=1985|publisher=Fonetisk institutt, [[University of Oslo|Universitetet i Oslo]]|location=Oslo|p=311|isbn=978-8299058414}}</ref> ({{lang-sma|Trööndelagen}}) is a [[Counties of Norway|county]] in the central part of [[Norway]]. It was created in 1687, then named Trondhjem County ({{lang-no|Trondhjems Amt}}); in 1804 the county was split into [[Nord-Trøndelag]] and [[Sør-Trøndelag]], and the counties were reunited in 2018. Trøndelag county and the neighbouring [[Møre og Romsdal]] county together form what is known as [[Central Norway]]. A [[demonym|person from Trøndelag]] is called a ''trønder''.


The largest city in Trøndelag is the city of [[Trondheim]]. The [[administrative centre]] is [[Steinkjer (town)|Steinkjer]], while Trondheim functions as the office of the county mayor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.trondelagfylke.no/om-oss/om-trondelag/fakta-om-trondelag/|title=Fakta om Trøndelag|website=www.trondelagfylke.no|language=nb-NO|access-date=2019-09-02}}</ref> Both cities serve the office of the county governor, however, Steinkjer houses the main functions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fylkesmannen.no/nb/Trondelag/Om-oss/|title=Om oss|website=Trøndelag|language=nb|access-date=2019-09-02}}</ref>
The largest city in Trøndelag is the city of [[Trondheim]]. The [[administrative centre]] is [[Steinkjer (town)|Steinkjer]], while Trondheim functions as the office of the county mayor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.trondelagfylke.no/om-oss/om-trondelag/fakta-om-trondelag/|title=Fakta om Trøndelag|website=www.trondelagfylke.no|language=nb-NO|access-date=2019-09-02}}</ref> Both cities serve the office of the county governor, however, Steinkjer houses the main functions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fylkesmannen.no/nb/Trondelag/Om-oss/|title=Om oss|website=Trøndelag|language=nb|access-date=2019-09-02}}</ref>

Revision as of 19:00, 7 February 2020

Trøndelag fylke
Trööndelagen fylhkenttjïelte
County
Seierstad in July 2007
Seierstad in July 2007
Coat of arms of Trøndelag fylke
Coat of arms
Trøndelag within Norway
Trøndelag within Norway
Coordinates: 63°25′37″N 10°23′35″E / 63.42694°N 10.39306°E / 63.42694; 10.39306
CountryNorway
CountyTrøndelag
RegionCentral Norway
County IDNO-50
Administrative centresSteinkjer (county municipality, county governor)
Trondheim (county mayor)
Government
 • GovernorFrank Jenssen
  H
  (2018–present)
 • County mayorTore O. Sandvik
  Ap
  (2018–present)
Area
 • Total42,201.59 km2 (16,294.12 sq mi)
 • Rank#3 in Norway, % of Norway's land area
Population
 (30 September 2019[1])
 • Total466,128
 • Rank5 (8.6% of country)
 • Density11/km2 (29/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
0 %
DemonymTrønder
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02 (CEST)
Websitewww.trondelagfylke.no
Data from Statistics Norway

[2]Trøndelag (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈtrœ̂ndəlɑːɡ])[3][4] (Southern Sami: Trööndelagen) is a county in the central part of Norway. It was created in 1687, then named Trondhjem County (Norwegian: Trondhjems Amt); in 1804 the county was split into Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag, and the counties were reunited in 2018. Trøndelag county and the neighbouring Møre og Romsdal county together form what is known as Central Norway. A person from Trøndelag is called a trønder.

The largest city in Trøndelag is the city of Trondheim. The administrative centre is Steinkjer, while Trondheim functions as the office of the county mayor.[5] Both cities serve the office of the county governor, however, Steinkjer houses the main functions.[6]

The old Trondhjems amt county was divided into two administrative counties in 1804 by the King of Denmark-Norway. In 2016, the two county councils voted to merge into a single county in 2018.[7][8]

The dialect spoken in the area, trøndersk, is characterized by dropping out most vowel endings; see apocope.

Trøndelag is one of the most fertile regions of Norway, with large agricultural output. The majority of the production ends up in the Norwegian cooperative system for meat and milk, but farm produce is a steadily growing business.

Name

The Old Norse form of the name was Þrǿndalǫg. The first element is the genitive plural of þrǿndr which means "person from Trøndelag", while the second is lǫg (plural of lag which means "law; district/people with a common law" (compare Danelaw, Gulaþingslǫg and Njarðarlǫg). A parallel name for the same district was Þróndheimr which means "the homeland (heim) of the þrǿndr".[9] Þróndheimr may be older since the first element has a stem form without umlaut.

See also: the names of Trondheim, Trondheimsfjord, and Nidaros

History

Further information: Rock carvings in Central Norway, Nøstvet and Lihult cultures, and Corded Ware culture

People have lived in this region for thousands of years. In the early iron-age Trøndelag was divided into several petty kingdoms called fylki. The different fylki had a common law, and an early parliament or thing. It was called Frostating and was held at the Frosta-peninsula. By some this is regarded as the first real democracy.

In the time after Håkon Grjotgardsson (838-900), Trøndelag was ruled by the Jarl of Lade. Lade is located in the eastern part of Trondheim, bordering the Trondheimsfjord. The powerful Jarls of Lade continued to play a very significant political role in Norway up to 1030.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
176978,274—    
1951307,635+293.0%
1960327,127+6.3%
1970350,297+7.1%
1980368,942+5.3%
1990377,202+2.2%
2000389,960+3.4%
2010422,102+8.2%
2017454,596+7.7%
Source: Statistics Norway [1][2][3][4]. 2017 data[1]
Religion in Trøndelag[10][11]
religion percent
Christianity
 
 88.17%
Islam
 
 0.75%
Buddhism
 
 0.24%
Other
 
 10.84%

Jarls of Lade (Ladejarl) were:

Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim

Trøndelag (together with parts of Møre og Romsdal) was briefly ceded in 1658 to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde and was ruled by king Charles X until it was returned to Denmark-Norway after the Treaty of Copenhagen in 1660. During that time, the Swedes conscripted 2,000 men in Trøndelag, forcing young boys down to 15 years of age to join the Swedish armies fighting against Poland and Brandenburg. Charles X feared the Trønders would rise against their Swedish occupiers, and thought it wise to keep a large part of the men away. Only about one third of the men ever returned to their homes; some of them were forced to settle in the then Swedish province of Estonia, as the Swedes thought it would be easier to rule the Trønders there, utilising the ancient maxim of divide and rule.[12]

In the fall of 1718, during the Great Northern War, General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt was ordered by king Charles XII of Sweden to lead a Swedish army of 10,000 men into Trøndelag and take Trondheim. Because of his poor supply lines back to Sweden, Armfeldt's army had to live off the land, causing great suffering to the people of the region. Armfeldt's campaign failed: the defenders of Trondheim succeeded in repelling his siege. After Charles XII was killed in the siege of Fredriksten in Norway's southeast, Armfeldt was ordered back into Sweden. During the ensuing retreat, his 6,000 surviving threadbare and starving Caroleans were caught in a fierce blizzard. Thousands of Caroleans froze to death in the Norwegian mountains, and hundreds more were crippled for life.[13]

Traditional Trøndelag house

Government

The county is governed by the Trøndelag County Municipality. The town of Steinkjer is the seat of the county governor and county administration. Both the county governor and Trøndelag County Municipality, however, also have offices in Trondheim.

The county oversees the 41 upper secondary schools, including nine private schools. Six of the schools have more than 1000 students: four in Trondheim plus the Steinkjer Upper Secondary School and the Ole Vig Upper Secondary School in Stjørdalshalsen. The county has ten Folk high schools, with an eleventh folk high school being possibly being opened in Røros, with a possible start in 2019.[14]

Districts

The county is often sub-divided into several geographical regions:

Towns and cities

There are nine towns/cities in Trøndelag, plus the "mining town" of Røros.

Trøndelag

There are 38 municipalities in Trøndelag.[15]

No. Municipality No. Name Created Former Municipality No. Former County
1 5001 Trondheim January 1, 2020 5001 Trondheim
5030 Klæbu 		Trøndelag
2 5006 Steinkjer January 1, 2020 5006 Steinkjer
5039 Verran
3 5007 Namsos January 1, 2020 5005 Namsos
5040 Namdalseid
5048 Fosnes
4 5014 Frøya January 1, 2018 1620 Frøya Sør-Trøndelag
5 5020 Osen January 1, 2018 1633 Osen
6 5021 Oppdal January 1, 2018 1634 Oppdal
7 5022 Rennebu January 1, 2018 1635 Rennebu
8 5025 Røros January 1, 2018 1640 Røros
9 5026 Holtålen January 1, 2018 1644 Holtålen
10 5027 Midtre Gauldal January 1, 2018 1648 Midtre Gauldal
11 5028 Melhus January 1, 2018 1653 Melhus
12 5029 Skaun January 1, 2018 1657 Skaun
13 5031 Malvik January 1, 2018 1663 Malvik
14 5032 Selbu January 1, 2018 1664 Selbu
15 5033 Tydal January 1, 2018 1665 Tydal
16 5034 Meråker January 1, 2018 1711 Meråker Nord-Trøndelag
17 5035 Stjørdal January 1, 2018 1714 Stjørdal
18 5036 Frosta January 1, 2018 1717 Frosta
19 5037 Levanger January 1, 2018 1719 Levanger
20 5038 Verdal January 1, 2018 1721 Verdal
21 5041 Snåsa January 1, 2018 1736 Snåsa
22 5042 Lierne January 1, 2018 1738 Lierne
23 5043 Røyrvik January 1, 2018 1739 Røyrvik
24 5044 Namsskogan January 1, 2018 1740 Namsskogan
25 5045 Grong January 1, 2018 1742 Grong
26 5046 Høylandet January 1, 2018 1743 Høylandet
27 5047 Overhalla January 1, 2018 1744 Overhalla
28 5049 Flatanger January 1, 2018 1749 Flatanger
29 5052 Leka January 1, 2018 1755 Leka
30 5053 Inderøy January 1, 2018 1756 Inderøy
31 5054 Indre Fosen January 1, 2018 1624 Rissa
1718 Leksvik
32 5055 Heim January 1, 2020 1571 Halsa Møre og Romsdal
5011 Hemne
5012 Snillfjord (Vennastranda) 		Trøndelag
33 5056 Hitra January 1, 2020 5013 Hitra
5012 Snillfjord (Sundan/Hemnskjela)
34 5057 Ørland January 1, 2020 5015 Ørland
5017 Bjugn
35 5058 Åfjord January 1, 2020 5018 Åfjord
5019 Roan
36 5059 Orkland January 1, 2020 5012 Snillfjord (Krokstadøra)
5016 Agdenes
5023 Meldal
5024 Orkdal
37 5060 Nærøysund January 1, 2020 5050 Vikna
5051 Nærøy
38 5061 Rindal 2019 (1.1.) 1567 Rindal Møre og Romsdal

Culture

Arts

The region's official theatre is the Trøndelag Teater in Trondheim.[16] At Stiklestad in Verdal, the historical play called The Saint Olav Drama has been played each year since 1954. It depicts the last days of Saint Olaf.

Jazz on a very high level is frequently heard in Trondheim, due to the high-level jazz education in Trondheim. Trondheim is also the national centre of rock music; the popular music museum Rockheim opened there in 2010. Trøndelag is also known for its local variety of rock music, often performed in local dialect, called "trønderrock".

Food and drink

The region is popularly known for its moonshine homebrew, called karsk. Although officially prohibited, the art of producing as pure home-made spirits as possible still has a strong following in parts of Trøndelag. Traditionally served mixed with coffee, local variations apply. In southern regions, people tend to use normal filter coffee, while in the north they choose to serve karsk with as weak coffee as possible.

Grey Troender sheep. A breed which originated in Trøndelag.

The "official dish" of the region is sodd which is made from sheep or beef meat and meatballs in boiled stock. The Norwegian Grey Troender sheep is an endangered breed of domesticated sheep that originated from Trøndelag in the late 19th century. There are currently approximately 50 individual animals remaining and efforts are being made to revive the breed.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-10-02.
  2. ^ "Arealstatistikk for Norge". Kartverket (in Norwegian Bokmål). 2013-03-08. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
  3. ^ Berulfsen, Bjarne (1969). Norsk Uttaleordbok (in Norwegian). Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co (W Nygaard). p. 336.
  4. ^ Vanvik, Arne (1985). Norsk Uttaleordbok: A Norwegian pronouncing dictionary (in Norwegian and English). Oslo: Fonetisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo. p. 311. ISBN 978-8299058414.
  5. ^ "Fakta om Trøndelag". www.trondelagfylke.no (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  6. ^ "Om oss". Trøndelag (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  7. ^ Hofstad, Sigrun (2016-04-27). "Her bankes det for et samlet Trøndelag". NRK (in Norwegian).
  8. ^ "Trøndelag fylke: English". Trøndelag fylke. Retrieved 2018-01-01.
  9. ^ Sandnes, Jørn; Stemshaug, Ola (1980). Norsk stadnamnleksikon. pp. 322–323.
  10. ^ Statistics Norway - Church of Norway. Archived 2012-07-16 at archive.today
  11. ^ Statistics Norway - Members of religious and life stance communities outside the Church of Norway, by religion/life stance. County. 2006-2010
  12. ^ Gjerset, Knut (1915). History of the Norwegian People, Volumes II. The MacMillan Company. pp. 318–320.
  13. ^ "Historien" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2009-04-07.
  14. ^ Olsen Haugen, Morten, ed. (2018-03-10). "Trøndelag". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2018-05-05.
  15. ^ List of Norwegian municipality numbers
  16. ^ Haugan, Trond E (2008). Byens magiske rom: Historien om Trondheim kino. Tapir Akademisk Forlag. ISBN 9788251922425.)

External links


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