J. M. G. Le Clézio: Difference between revisions

J. M. G. Le Clézio
J. M. G. Le Clézio
	Le Clézio in 2008
Born	Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio; 13 April 1940 (age 84); Nice, France
Occupation	Writer
Period	1963–present
Genre	Novel, short story, essay, translation
Subject	Exile, migration, childhood, ecology
Notable works	Le Procès-Verbal, Désert
Notable awards	Nobel Prize in Literature ; 2008 ;

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Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (French: [ʒɑ̃ maʁi ɡystav lə klezjo]; 13 April 1940), usually identified as J. M. G. Le Clézio, of French and Mauritian nationality, is a writer and professor. The author of over forty works, he was awarded the 1963 Prix Renaudot for his novel Le Procès-Verbal and the 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature for his life's work, as an "author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization".^[1]

Biography[edit]

Le Clézio's mother was born in the French Riviera city of Nice, his father on the island of Mauritius (which was a British possession, but his father was ethnically Breton, in France). Both his father's and his mother's ancestors were originally from Morbihan, on the south coast of Brittany.^[2] His paternal ancestor François Alexis Le Clézio fled France in 1798 and settled with his wife and daughter on Mauritius, which was then a French colony but would soon pass into British hands. The colonists were allowed to maintain their customs and use the French language. Le Clézio has never lived in Mauritius for more than a few months at a time, but he has stated that he regards himself both as a Frenchman and a Mauritian.^[3]^[4] He has dual French and Mauritian citizenship (Mauritius gained independence in 1968) and calls Mauritius his "little fatherland".^[5]^[6]

Le Clézio was born in Nice, his mother's native city, during World War II when his father was serving in the British Army in Nigeria.^[7] He was raised in Roquebillière, a small village near Nice until 1948 when he, his mother, and his brother boarded a ship to join his father in Nigeria. His 1991 novel Onitsha is partly autobiographical. In a 2004 essay, he reminisced about his childhood in Nigeria and his relationship with his parents.

After studying at the University of Bristol in England from 1958 to 1959,^[8] Le Clézio finished his undergraduate degree at Nice's Institut d'études littéraires.^[9] In 1964 Le Clézio earned a master's degree from the University of Provence with a thesis on Henri Michaux and the mystical experience.^[10]

After several years spent in London and Bristol, Le Clézio moved to the United States to work as a teacher. In 1967 he served as an aid worker in Thailand as part of his national service, but was quickly expelled from the country for protesting against child prostitution and sent to Mexico to finish his national service. From 1970 to 1974, he lived with the Embera-Wounaan tribe in Panama. He has been married since 1975 to Jémia Jean, who is Moroccan, and has three daughters (one by his first marriage with Rosalie Piquemal). Since the 1990s they have divided their residence between Albuquerque, Mauritius, and Nice.^[11]

In 1983 Le Clézio wrote a doctoral thesis on colonial Mexican history for the University of Perpignan, on the conquest of the Purépecha people who inhabit the present-day state of Michoacán. It was serialized in a French magazine and published in Spanish in 1985.^[12]

Le Clézio has taught at a number of universities around the world. A frequent visitor to South Korea, he taught French language and literature at Ewha Womans University in Seoul during the 2007 academic year.^[13]^[14] In November 2013, Le Clézio joined Nanjing University in China as a professor.^[15]

Literary career[edit]

LE Clézio began writing at the age of seven; his first work was a book about the sea. He achieved success at the age of 23, when his first novel, Le Procès-Verbal (The Interrogation), was the Prix Renaudot and was shortlisted for the Prix Goncourt.^[6] Since then he has published more than thirty-six books, including short stories, novels, essays, two translations on the subject of Native American mythology, and several children's books.

From 1963 to 1975, Le Clézio explored themes such as insanity, language, nature, and writing. He devoted himself to formal experimentation in the wake of such contemporaries as Georges Perec or Michel Butor. His persona was that of an innovator and a rebel, for which he was praised by Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze.

During the late 1970s, Le Clézio's style changed drastically; he abandoned experimentation, and the mood of his novels became less tormented as he used themes like childhood, adolescence, and travelling, which attracted a broader audience. In 1980, Le Clézio was the first winner of the newly created Grand Prix Paul Morand, awarded by the Académie Française, for his novel Désert.^[16] In 1994, a survey conducted by the French literary magazine Lire showed that 13 per cent of the readers considered him to be the greatest living French-language writer.^[17]

Nobel Prize[edit]

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2008 went to Le Clézio for works characterized by the Swedish Academy as being "poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy" and for being focused on the environment, especially the desert.^[1] The Swedish Academy, in announcing the award, called Le Clézio an "author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization."^[18] Le Clézio used his Nobel prize acceptance lecture to attack the subject of information poverty.^[19] The title of his lecture was Dans la forêt des paradoxes ("In the forest of paradoxes"), a title he attributed to Stig Dagerman.^[20]

Gao Xingjian, a Chinese émigré writing in Mandarin, was the previous French citizen to receive the prize (for 2000); Le Clézio was the first French-language writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature since Claude Simon for 1985, and the fourteenth since Sully Prudhomme, laureate of the first prize of 1901.

Controversy[edit]

Le Clézio is a staunch defender of Mama Rosa, director of a Mexican shelter raided by the police in July 2014 when children were found eating rotten food and kept against the will of their parents. He wrote an article in Le Monde arguing that she is close to sanctity.^[21]

Bibliography[edit]

Novels[edit]

Le Procès-verbal (1963). The Interrogation, trans. Daphne Woodward (1964).
Le Déluge (1966). The Flood, trans. Peter Green (1967).
Terra Amata (1967). Terra Amata, trans. Barbara Bray (1967).
Le Livre des fuites (1969). The Book of Flights, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1971).
La Guerre (1970). War, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1973).
Les Géants (1973). The Giants, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1975).
Voyages de l'autre côté (1975).
Désert (1980). Desert, trans. C. Dickson (2009).
Le Chercheur d'or (1985). The Prospector, trans. Carol Marks (1993); C. Dickson (2016).
Onitsha (1991). Onitsha, trans. Alison Anderson (1997).
Étoile errante (1992). Wandering Star, trans. C. Dickson (2005).
La Quarantaine (1995).
Poisson d'or (1997).
Révolutions (2003).
Ourania (2006).
Ritournelle de la faim (2008).
Alma (2017).

Short stories and novellas[edit]

Le Jour où Beaumont fit connaissance avec sa douleur (1964). The Day Beaumont Became Acquainted with His Pain.
La Fièvre (1965). Fever, trans. Daphne Woodward (1966)
Mondo et autres histoires (1978). Mondo and Other Stories, trans. Alison Anderson (2011).
La Ronde et autres faits divers (1982). The Round & Other Cold Hard Facts, trans. C. Dickson (2002).
Printemps et autres saisons (1989)
Awaité Pawana (1992). Pawana, trans. Christophe Brunski (2008).^[22]
La Fête chantée et autres essais de thème amérindien (1997)
Hasard suivi d'Angoli Mala (1999)
Cœur brûle et autres romances (2000)
Fantômes dans la rue (2000). Ghosts in the Street.
Tabataba suivi de Pawana (2002)
Histoire du pied et autres fantaisies (2011)
Tempête : deux novellas (2014). Storm.
Chanson bretonne, suivi de L'Enfant et la Guerre (2020)
Avers (2023)

Non-fiction[edit]

Le Rêve mexicain ou La Pensée interrompue (1965). The Mexican Dream, Or, The Interrupted Thought of Amerindian Civilizations, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan (1993).
"Sur la lecture comme le vrai voyage" (1965). "On Reading as True Travel", trans. Julia Abramson.^[23]
"La Liberté pour rêver" (1965). "Freedom to Dream", trans. Ralph Schoolcraft.^[24]
"La Liberté pour parler" (1965). "Freedom to Speak", trans. Le Clézio.^[25]
L'extase matérielle (1967). Material Ecstasy.
Conversations avec J. M. G. Le Clézio (1971)
Haï (1971)
Mydriase (1973). Mydriasis, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan, published in Mydriasis: Followed by “To the Icebergs” (2019).
Vers les icebergs (1978). To the Icebergs, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan, published in Mydriasis: Followed by “To the Icebergs” (2019).
L'Inconnu sur la Terre (1978)
Trois Villes saintes (1980)
Une lettre de J. M. G. Le Clézio (1982)
Sur Lautréamont (1987)
Diego et Frida (1993)
Ailleurs (1995)
Dans la maison d'Edith (1997)
Enfances (1998)
L'Enfant de sous le pont (2000)
L'Africain (2004). The African, trans. C. Dickson (2013).
Ballaciner (2007)
Chanson bretonne suivi de L'Enfant et la guerre (2020)
Identité nomade (2024)

Travel diaries[edit]

Collections translated by the author into French[edit]

Books for children[edit]

Voyage au pays des arbres (1978)
Lullaby (1980). From Mondo et autres histoires.
Peuple du ciel, suivi de Les Bergers (1981). Both from Mondo et autres histoires.
Celui qui n'avait jamais vu la mer, suivi de La Montagne du dieu vivant (1982). Both from Mondo et autres histoires.
Villa Aurore, suivi de Orlamonde (1985)
Balaabilou (1985). Extracts from Désert.
La Grande Vie, suivi de Peuple du ciel (1990). "La Grande Vie" from La Ronde et autres faits divers.

Books written by other authors with preface written by Le Clézio[edit]

The French-language preface to Juan Rulfo's short story collection Le Llano en Flammes
Preface to French filmmaker Robert Bresson's "Notes Sur Le Cinématographe"

Awards and honors[edit]

Awards[edit]

Year	Prize	Work
1963	prix Théophraste-Renaudot	Le Procès-Verbal (The Interrogation)
1972	prix littéraire Valery-Larbaud	For his complete works^[26]
1980	Grand prix de littérature Paul-Morand, awarded by the Académie française
1997	Jean Giono Prize^[27]	Poisson d'or
1998	prix Prince-de-Monaco	For his complete works and upon publication of Poisson d'or^[28]
2008	Stig Dagermanpriset^[29]^[30]	for his complete works and upon publication of Swedish translation of a travelogue Raga. Approche du continent invisible^[31]
2008	Nobel Prize in Literature

Honours[edit]

He was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Légion d'honneur on 25 October 1991^[32] and was promoted to Officier (Officer) in 2009^[33]
In 1996, he was made Officier (Officer) of the Ordre national du Mérite.^[34]
Lycée Français J. M. G. Le Clézio in Port Vila, Vanuatu is named after him.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2008". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
^ Tahourdin, Adrian (21 April 2006). "A Frenchman and a Geographer". 5th paragraph. London: review is taken from the TLS. Retrieved 9 December 2008. "Le Clézio's family were originally from Morbihan on the west coast of Brittany. At the time of the Revolution, one of his ancestors, who had refused to enlist in the Revolutionary Army because they had insisted he cut his long hair, fled France intending to reach India, but disembarked on Mauritius, and stayed there
^ "Internet might have stopped Hitler". comcast.net. 7 December 2008. Archived from the original on 9 December 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2008. Though he was born in France, Le Clézio's father is British and he holds dual nationality with Mauritius, where his family has roots
^ "A Frenchman and a geographer". Adrian Tahourdin. London: The Times Literary Supplement. 21 April 2006. Retrieved 11 December 2008. "Le Clezio regards himself as Franco-Mauritian
^ Angelique Chrisafis (10 October 2008). "Nobel award restores French literary pride". The Guardian. London. He has joint Mauritian citizenship and calls the island his "little fatherland
^ ^a ^b Bremner, Charles (9 October 2008). "Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clezio wins the 2008 Nobel Literature Prize". Times Online. London. Retrieved 9 October 2008. Le Clézio, who was born in Nice and has lived in England, New Mexico and South Korea, said that he was touched by the honour. He mentioned his British father, a surgeon, and his childhood in Mauritius and Nigeria. "I was born of a mix, like many people currently in Europe," he said.
^ della Fazia Amoia, Alba; Alba Amoia; Bettina Liebowitz (2009). Multicultural Writers Since 1945. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 313–318. ISBN 978-0-313-30688-4.
^ "Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio wins Nobel Prize". University of Bristol. 10 October 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2008.
^ MBA-unice.edu Archived 8 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Marshall, Bill; Cristina Johnston. France and the Americas. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1-85109-411-3. p.697
^ Pollard, Niklas; Estelle Shirbon (9 October 2008). "Nomadic writer wins Nobel prize". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
^ Le Clézio, La Conquista divina de Michoacán. Fondo de Cultura Económica
^ Lee Esther (2 January 2008). "Acclaimed French author praises Korean literature". JoongAng Daily.
^ Yonhap News (9 October 2008). 한국과 각별한 인연 가진 르클레지오. Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). Archived from the original on 11 December 2008.
^ "Nobel Laureate Le Clézio Officially Joins Nanjing University". 6 November 2013. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
^ Tahourdin, Adrian (21 April 2006). "A Frenchman and a geographer". 5th paragraph. London: review is taken from the TLS. Retrieved 9 December 2008. "Le Clezio received the Academie Francaise's Grand Prix Paul Morand in 1980 for Desert, a novel that revealed a move towards a more expansive and lyrical style. The book has a dual narrative. The first, dated 1909–10, chronicles the tragic fate of a Tuareg clan fleeing across Morocco from their French and Spanish colonial oppressors ("les chrétiens")".
^ "Maurice : Source d'Inspiration pour le Prix Nobel de Littérature, Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (Lire, "Le Clézio N° 1" , 1994, 22s. )". Portail Ocean Indie (in French). modéré par CEDREFI. 14 October 2008. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2008. Prix du plus grand écrivain francophone du magazine Lire{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^ Thompson, Bob (9 October 2008). "France's Le Clézio Wins Nobel Literature Prize". The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
^ Lea, Richard (8 December 2008). "Le Clézio uses Nobel lecture to attack information poverty". London: guardian.co.uk home. Retrieved 14 December 2008.
^ The Nobel Foundation 2008 (7 December 2008). "The Nobel Foundation 2008". Nobel Lecture. The Nobel Foundation 2008. Retrieved 11 December 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ JMG Le Clézio (24 July 2014). "Foyer de l'horreur au Mexique : plaidoyer pour " Mama Rosa " par JMG Le Clézio". Le Monde.
^ "AGNI Online: Pawana by J. M. G. Le Clézio". 12 October 2008. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
^ Clezio, J M G Le (Spring 2002). "On reading as true travel". World Literature Today. 76 (2): 103–106. doi:10.2307/40157273. JSTOR 40157273. Gale A90307339.
^ Le Clézio, J. M. G.; Schoolcraft, Ralph (1997). "Freedom to Dream". World Literature Today. 71 (4): 671–674. doi:10.2307/40153284. JSTOR 40153284.
^ Le Clézio, J. M. G. (1997). "Freedom to Speak". World Literature Today. 71 (4): 675–677. doi:10.2307/40153285. JSTOR 40153285.
^ "Prix Valery Larbaud". Prix littéraires. 2009. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 16 February 2009. Pour l'ensemble de son oeuvre
^ "Prix Jean Giono" (in French). Fondation Pierre Bergé – Yves Saint Laurent. 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 16 February 2009."Grand Prix Jean Giono". Prix littéraires. 2009. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
^ pour l'ensemble de son œuvre, à l'occasion de la sortie de Poisson d'or 2008
^ Jarlsbo, Jeana (24 October 2008). "Ljusgestalt i ondskans tid". SvD (in Swedish). Retrieved 27 October 2012.
^ "Fransman får Stig Dagermanpriset". gd.se (in Swedish). 4 June 2008. Retrieved 27 October 2012.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Ritournelle de la faim – Jean-Marie-Gustave Le Clézio". Ses Prix et Récompenses (in French). ciao.fr. 2008. Retrieved 16 February 2009. pour l'ensemble de son œuvre, à l'occasion de la sortie suédoise de Raga. Approche du continent invisible
^ "Décret du 31 décembre 2008 portant promotion et nomination". JORF. 2009 (1): 15. 1 January 2009. PREX0828237D. Retrieved 5 April 2009.
^ "Simone Veil, Zidane et Lagardère décorés". C.M. (lefigaro.fr) avec AFP (in French). lefigaro.fr. 1 January 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2009. Le Clézio est pour sa part élevé au grade d'officier
^ "Ordre national du Mérite Décret du 14 novembre 1996 portant promotion et". JORF. 1996 (266): 16667. 15 November 1996. PREX9612403D. Retrieved 5 April 2009.

External links[edit]

Media related to Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio at Wikimedia Commons
Quotations related to J. M. G. Le Clézio at Wikiquote
Great interview with J. M. G. Le Clezio and all linked resources on the video encyclopedia SAM Network
Petri Liukkonen. "J. M. G. Le Clézio". Books and Writers.
Interview with Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio, in Label France No. 45 (English)
J.M.G Le Clézio —Photos by Mathieu Bourgois.
J.M.G. Le Clézio, about his Breton origins.
"Nobel Goes Global With Literary Prize", by Bob Thompson, Washington Post, 10 October 2008
"A Nobel Undertaking: Getting to Know Le Clézio ", by Richard Woodward, Wall Street Journal, 30 October 2008
"J. M. G. Le Clézio, Nobel laureate": a collection of pieces on Clézio, from TLS, 9 October 2008
A writing life in pictures: Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Le Clézio, The Guardian, 9 October 2008
Artelittera Many chapters of studies about Le Clezio to upload
J.M.G. Le Clézio: A French NovelistWins 2008 Nobel Prize for Literature
David R. Godine, Publisher
Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio on Nobelprize.org
List of Works

[nobelweb-1] "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2008". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 9 October 2008.

[geo-2] Tahourdin, Adrian (21 April 2006). "A Frenchman and a Geographer". 5th paragraph. London: review is taken from the TLS. Retrieved 9 December 2008. "Le Clézio's family were originally from Morbihan on the west coast of Brittany. At the time of the Revolution, one of his ancestors, who had refused to enlist in the Revolutionary Army because they had insisted he cut his long hair, fled France intending to reach India, but disembarked on Mauritius, and stayed there

[roots-3] "Internet might have stopped Hitler". comcast.net. 7 December 2008. Archived from the original on 9 December 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2008. Though he was born in France, Le Clézio's father is British and he holds dual nationality with Mauritius, where his family has roots

[4] "A Frenchman and a geographer". Adrian Tahourdin. London: The Times Literary Supplement. 21 April 2006. Retrieved 11 December 2008. "Le Clezio regards himself as Franco-Mauritian

[guardian-5] Angelique Chrisafis (10 October 2008). "Nobel award restores French literary pride". The Guardian. London. He has joint Mauritian citizenship and calls the island his "little fatherland

[times-6] Bremner, Charles (9 October 2008). "Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clezio wins the 2008 Nobel Literature Prize". Times Online. London. Retrieved 9 October 2008. Le Clézio, who was born in Nice and has lived in England, New Mexico and South Korea, said that he was touched by the honour. He mentioned his British father, a surgeon, and his childhood in Mauritius and Nigeria. "I was born of a mix, like many people currently in Europe," he said.

[7] Fazia Amoia, Alba; Alba Amoia; Bettina Liebowitz (2009). Multicultural Writers Since 1945. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 313–318. ISBN 978-0-313-30688-4.

[8] "Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio wins Nobel Prize". University of Bristol. 10 October 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2008.

[9] MBA-unice.edu Archived 8 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[10] Marshall, Bill; Cristina Johnston. France and the Americas. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1-85109-411-3. p.697

[11] Pollard, Niklas; Estelle Shirbon (9 October 2008). "Nomadic writer wins Nobel prize". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 9 October 2008.

[12] Le Clézio, La Conquista divina de Michoacán. Fondo de Cultura Económica

[13] Lee Esther (2 January 2008). "Acclaimed French author praises Korean literature". JoongAng Daily.

[14] Yonhap News (9 October 2008). 한국과 각별한 인연 가진 르클레지오. Dong-a Ilbo (in Korean). Archived from the original on 11 December 2008.

[15] "Nobel Laureate Le Clézio Officially Joins Nanjing University". 6 November 2013. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2019.

[TLS-16] Tahourdin, Adrian (21 April 2006). "A Frenchman and a geographer". 5th paragraph. London: review is taken from the TLS. Retrieved 9 December 2008. "Le Clezio received the Academie Francaise's Grand Prix Paul Morand in 1980 for Desert, a novel that revealed a move towards a more expansive and lyrical style. The book has a dual narrative. The first, dated 1909–10, chronicles the tragic fate of a Tuareg clan fleeing across Morocco from their French and Spanish colonial oppressors ("les chrétiens")".

[17] "Maurice : Source d'Inspiration pour le Prix Nobel de Littérature, Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (Lire, "Le Clézio N° 1" , 1994, 22s. )". Portail Ocean Indie (in French). modéré par CEDREFI. 14 October 2008. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2008. Prix du plus grand écrivain francophone du magazine Lire{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

[post-18] Thompson, Bob (9 October 2008). "France's Le Clézio Wins Nobel Literature Prize". The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 October 2008.

[lecture-19] Lea, Richard (8 December 2008). "Le Clézio uses Nobel lecture to attack information poverty". London: guardian.co.uk home. Retrieved 14 December 2008.

[english-20] The Nobel Foundation 2008 (7 December 2008). "The Nobel Foundation 2008". Nobel Lecture. The Nobel Foundation 2008. Retrieved 11 December 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[21] JMG Le Clézio (24 July 2014). "Foyer de l'horreur au Mexique : plaidoyer pour " Mama Rosa " par JMG Le Clézio". Le Monde.

[22] "AGNI Online: Pawana by J. M. G. Le Clézio". 12 October 2008. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 27 September 2023.

[23] Clezio, J M G Le (Spring 2002). "On reading as true travel". World Literature Today. 76 (2): 103–106. doi:10.2307/40157273. JSTOR 40157273. Gale A90307339.

[24] Le Clézio, J. M. G.; Schoolcraft, Ralph (1997). "Freedom to Dream". World Literature Today. 71 (4): 671–674. doi:10.2307/40153284. JSTOR 40153284.

[25] Le Clézio, J. M. G. (1997). "Freedom to Speak". World Literature Today. 71 (4): 675–677. doi:10.2307/40153285. JSTOR 40153285.

[26] "Prix Valery Larbaud". Prix littéraires. 2009. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 16 February 2009. Pour l'ensemble de son oeuvre

[27] "Prix Jean Giono" (in French). Fondation Pierre Bergé – Yves Saint Laurent. 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 16 February 2009."Grand Prix Jean Giono". Prix littéraires. 2009. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2009.

[28] ur l'ensemble de son œuvre, à l'occasion de la sortie de Poisson d'or 2008

[29] Jarlsbo, Jeana (24 October 2008). "Ljusgestalt i ondskans tid". SvD (in Swedish). Retrieved 27 October 2012.

[30] "Fransman får Stig Dagermanpriset". gd.se (in Swedish). 4 June 2008. Retrieved 27 October 2012.^{[permanent dead link]}

[31] "Ritournelle de la faim – Jean-Marie-Gustave Le Clézio". Ses Prix et Récompenses (in French). ciao.fr. 2008. Retrieved 16 February 2009. pour l'ensemble de son œuvre, à l'occasion de la sortie suédoise de Raga. Approche du continent invisible

[jorf-32] "Décret du 31 décembre 2008 portant promotion et nomination". JORF. 2009 (1): 15. 1 January 2009. PREX0828237D. Retrieved 5 April 2009.

[Legion-33] "Simone Veil, Zidane et Lagardère décorés". C.M. (lefigaro.fr) avec AFP (in French). lefigaro.fr. 1 January 2009. Retrieved 14 April 2009. Le Clézio est pour sa part élevé au grade d'officier

[jorf19961115-34] "Ordre national du Mérite Décret du 14 novembre 1996 portant promotion et". JORF. 1996 (266): 16667. 15 November 1996. PREX9612403D. Retrieved 5 April 2009.

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v t e Works by J. M. G. Le Clézio
Novels	Le Procès-Verbal Le Jour où Beaumont fit connaissance avec sa douleur Le Livre des fuites Le déluge Terra Amata La Guerre Voyages de l'autre côté Désert Le Chercheur d'or Wandering Star Onitsha La Quarantaine Poisson d'or Hasard suivi de Angoli Mala Fantômes dans la rue Révolutions Ourania Ritournelle de la faim
Essays	"The Mexican Dream" "Conversations avec J. M. G. Le Clézio" "Haï" "Mydriase" "To the Icebergs (Essay on Henri Michaux)" "L'Inconnu sur la Terre" "Trois Villes saintes" "Dans la maison d'Edith" "Sur Lautréamont" "Diego et Frida" "Ailleurs" "Enfances" "Le Llano en flammes" "L'Extase matérielle" ""The African"" "Une lettre de J. M. G. Le Clézio" "Ballaciner" "Freedom to Dream" and "Freedom to Speak" "On Reading as True Travel" "Dans la forêt des paradoxes"
Short stories	"La fièvre" "Mondo et autres histoires" "La Ronde et autres faits divers" "Printemps et autres saisons" "Pawana" "La Fête chantée et autres essais de thème amérindien" "Cœur brûle et autres romances" "Tabataba suivi de pawana"
Books for children	Les Géants Lullaby La Grande Vie Peuple du ciel Balaabilou Villa Aurore L'enfant de sous le pont Celui qui n'avait jamais vu la mer La montagne ou le dieu vivant Voyage au pays des arbres
Travel diaries	Voyage à Rodrigues Gens des nuages Raga. Approche du continent invisible

v t e Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature
1901–1920	1901: Sully Prudhomme 1902: Theodor Mommsen 1903: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson 1904: Frédéric Mistral / José Echegaray 1905: Henryk Sienkiewicz 1906: Giosuè Carducci 1907: Rudyard Kipling 1908: Rudolf Eucken 1909: Selma Lagerlöf 1910: Paul Heyse 1911: Maurice Maeterlinck 1912: Gerhart Hauptmann 1913: Rabindranath Tagore 1914 1915: Romain Rolland 1916: Verner von Heidenstam 1917: Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan 1918 1919: Carl Spitteler 1920: Knut Hamsun
1921–1940	1921: Anatole France 1922: Jacinto Benavente 1923: W. B. Yeats 1924: Władysław Reymont 1925: George Bernard Shaw 1926: Grazia Deledda 1927: Henri Bergson 1928: Sigrid Undset 1929: Thomas Mann 1930: Sinclair Lewis 1931: Erik Axel Karlfeldt (posthumously) 1932: John Galsworthy 1933: Ivan Bunin 1934: Luigi Pirandello 1935 1936: Eugene O'Neill 1937: Roger Martin du Gard 1938: Pearl S. Buck 1939: Frans Eemil Sillanpää 1940
1941–1960	1941 1942 1943 1944: Johannes V. Jensen 1945: Gabriela Mistral 1946: Hermann Hesse 1947: André Gide 1948: T. S. Eliot 1949: William Faulkner 1950: Bertrand Russell 1951: Pär Lagerkvist 1952: François Mauriac 1953: Winston Churchill 1954: Ernest Hemingway 1955: Halldór Laxness 1956: Juan Ramón Jiménez 1957: Albert Camus 1958: Boris Pasternak 1959: Salvatore Quasimodo 1960: Saint-John Perse
1961–1980	1961: Ivo Andrić 1962: John Steinbeck 1963: Giorgos Seferis 1964: Jean-Paul Sartre (declined award) 1965: Mikhail Sholokhov 1966: Shmuel Yosef Agnon / Nelly Sachs 1967: Miguel Ángel Asturias 1968: Yasunari Kawabata 1969: Samuel Beckett 1970: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1971: Pablo Neruda 1972: Heinrich Böll 1973: Patrick White 1974: Eyvind Johnson / Harry Martinson 1975: Eugenio Montale 1976: Saul Bellow 1977: Vicente Aleixandre 1978: Isaac Bashevis Singer 1979: Odysseas Elytis 1980: Czesław Miłosz
1981–2000	1981: Elias Canetti 1982: Gabriel García Márquez 1983: William Golding 1984: Jaroslav Seifert 1985: Claude Simon 1986: Wole Soyinka 1987: Joseph Brodsky 1988: Naguib Mahfouz 1989: Camilo José Cela 1990: Octavio Paz 1991: Nadine Gordimer 1992: Derek Walcott 1993: Toni Morrison 1994: Kenzaburō Ōe 1995: Seamus Heaney 1996: Wisława Szymborska 1997: Dario Fo 1998: José Saramago 1999: Günter Grass 2000: Gao Xingjian
2001–2020	2001: V. S. Naipaul 2002: Imre Kertész 2003: J. M. Coetzee 2004: Elfriede Jelinek 2005: Harold Pinter 2006: Orhan Pamuk 2007: Doris Lessing 2008: J. M. G. Le Clézio 2009: Herta Müller 2010: Mario Vargas Llosa 2011: Tomas Tranströmer 2012: Mo Yan 2013: Alice Munro 2014: Patrick Modiano 2015: Svetlana Alexievich 2016: Bob Dylan 2017: Kazuo Ishiguro 2018: Olga Tokarczuk 2019: Peter Handke 2020: Louise Glück
2021–present	2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah 2022: Annie Ernaux 2023: Jon Fosse 2024: to be announced

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