Cross-country run
Cross Country (English-German), short- Cross , also cross-country running or cross-country race , is a variant of country sports , in which the rapid passage through stands of profiled terrain off the beaten track in the foreground. Cross-country running is coordinatively more demanding than running on the road or running on the track .
Cross-country running has been held for some time after the end of the athletics season in the winter months. For decades, cross-country running was popular and welcome as preparation for the coming running season. The championships in Germany began in February at the state level, increased into March at the federal level, the European championships, and finally the world championships. For some years now, however, the order has been reversed. In November, actually the classic month of relaxation in athletics, international championships take place, while the German championships are mostly held in March.
The route must be in an open or wooded area, covered with grass if possible and provided with natural obstacles that should not endanger the runner (no deep ditches, steep ascents and descents or high walls). The runs usually take place on a circular course from 1750 m to 2000 m in length.
The Orienteering is a special type of cross run, are to be run at the preset on a map checkpoints in the area. The athlete himself chooses the route. A more demanding variant with obstacles is the extreme obstacle course . The cross-country race is also a sub-sport of the tournament dog sport a 5 km stretch of 2 km or. Occasional stadium cross competitions take place. The run does not only take place on the running track, but can also go up and down across the meadow, through the long jump pit, grandstand steps or embankments. Often other obstacles are also laid out. The distance is usually between 600 and 2000 meters.
history
Cross-country running was (probably) first played as a competitive sport in 1837 as a public school sport. On December 7, 1867, English championships were held for the first time on Wimbledon Common. Cross-country running was an Olympic discipline from 1912 to 1924 (Olympic champion, among others, 1920 and 1924 Paavo Nurmi ) and it is still a sub-discipline of modern pentathlon today. The oldest national cross-country championships on the continent took place in Belgium in 1896.
Surname
The word creation "Crosslauf" is a partial translation of the English "cross country run", actually in German: Querfeldein-Lauf. So it is etymologically an Anglicism. In the first decades of the cross-country run, it was called the forest run in Germany because the routes mostly ran through forest areas.
Cross-country championships
World championships
The IAAF World Cross Country Championships (official name IAAF World Cross Country Championships ) are Athletics -Wettkämpfe that of the since 1973 IAAF be aligned. The world champions in cross country are determined every two years (from 1973 to 2011 annually).
Initially, the World Championships consisted of three competitions, for men, for women and for juniors. In 1989 a race for juniors was introduced. The distances of the competitions are currently as follows: men: approx. 12 kilometers, women: approx. 8 kilometers, juniors: approx. 8 kilometers and juniors: approx. 6 kilometers. For all competitions there is also a team rating for the participating nations.
World Champion (from 2010)
| date | place | Men / singles | Men / team | Women / singles | Women / team |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 30, 2019 | Aarhus ( Denmark ) | Joshua Cheptegei ( UGA ) |
 Uganda
|
Hellen Obiri ( KEN ) |
 Ethiopia -12-
|
| March 26, 2017 | Kampala ( Uganda ) | Geoffrey Kipsang Kamworor -2- |
Ethiopia -10-
|
Irene Chepet Cheptai ( KEN ) |
 Kenya -12-
|
| March 28, 2015 | Guiyang ( China ) | Geoffrey Kipsang Kamworor ( KEN ) |
Ethiopia -9-
|
Agnes Jebet Tirop ( KEN ) |
Ethiopia -11-
|
| March 24, 2013 | Bydgoszcz ( Poland ) | Japhet Kipyegon Korir ( KEN ) |
Ethiopia -8-
|
Emily Chebet Muge ( KEN ) |
Kenya -11-
|
| March 20, 2011 | Punta Umbría ( Spain ) | Imane Merga ( ETH ) |
Kenya -24-
|
Vivian Jepkemoi Cheruiyot ( KEN ) |
Kenya -10-
|
| March 28, 2010 | Bydgoszcz ( Poland ) | Joseph Ebuya ( KEN ) |
Kenya -23-
|
Emily Chebet Muge ( KEN ) |
Kenya -9-
|
European championships
The European Cross Country Championships have been athletics competitions that have been held since 1994 and have been organized annually by the European Athletic Association (EAA) in December since 1994 , with the European cross country champions being determined. The European Championships initially consisted of two competitions, one for men and one for women. In 1997 competitions for juniors were added to the program, in 2006 the U23 men and women were added.
The Ukrainian Serhij Lebid is not only the most successful starter with nine wins so far, he is also the athlete with the most starts with 19 competitions between 1994 and 2012.
European Champion (from 2010)
German championships
At the German Athletics Championships , the discipline of cross-country running, including forest running, was part of the program for the first time as early as 1913 - in those years only for men. Due to the war, there were no forest running championships from 1915 to 1918. From 1937 to 1946, the forest run was also not held at the German championships , but since 1947 it has been in the championship offer again. In 1957 the discipline was also included in the program for women. Since 1961 there have been two routes for men, a medium and a long distance. For women, a second route was added in 1970, but it has been canceled since 2002. Due to the fact that the route conditions and conditions are not comparable, the times achieved are not given here.
German championships have existed for men since 1913; for women they were held for the first time in 1957. For men, there has been a long distance with a length of around 10 kilometers and a medium distance of 3 to 4 kilometers since 1961. The women run about 6 kilometers. There has also been a team evaluation since the first German forest running championships . This made cross-country running the first athletic discipline in which there were team champions.
Others
- The film City of McFarland tells a true story of a cross-country team in California.
- The most important German cross-country runs are the Darmstadt-Cross and the Pforzheim Cross . There are no international cross-country runs on German soil.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Arnd Krüger : Many roads lead to Olympia. The changes in the training systems for middle and long distance runners (1850-1997), in: N. Gissel (Hrsg.): Sportliche Leistungs im Wandel. Hamburg 1998: Czwalina, pp. 41-56.
- ^ Matti Hannus: Flying Finns: story of the great tradition of Finnish distance running and cross country skiing. Helsinki: Tietosanoma, 1990.
- ↑ Sandra Heck: From playing soldiers and fighting athletes. The genesis of the modern pentathlon. V & R Unipress, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8471-0201-4 .
- ↑ SPAR European Cross Country Championships returns to Irish soil in 2020 , January 10, 2020, taken from: March 28, 2020.
Web links
- http://www.raceportal.net Cross running dates in Germany and Austria
- Running dates
- Results of all continental and world championships in cross country
Alnwick 1994 | Alnwick 1995 | Charleroi 1996 | Oeiras 1997 | Ferrara 1998 | Velenje 1999 | Malmö 2000 | Thun 2001 | Medulin 2002 | Edinburgh 2003 | Heringsdorf 2004 | Tilburg 2005 | San Giorgio su Legnano 2006 | Toro 2007 | Brussels 2008 | Dublin 2009 | Albufeira 2010 | Velenje 2011 | Szentendre 2012 | Belgrade 2013 | Samokov 2014 | Hyères 2015 | Chia 2016 | Šamorín 2017 | Tilburg 2018 | Lisbon 2019