District of Jauer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Jauer district within its borders until 1932

The district of Jauer , until 1938 Kreis Jauer , was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945, with a brief interruption in the 1930s. Its former territory is now in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.

In the Principality of Jauer , one of the Silesian sub-principalities, the Prussian districts of Hirschberg , Jauer and Löwenberg-Bunzlau were formed from old Silesian soft images . George Wilhelm von Reibnitz was appointed as the first district administrator in the Jauer district.

The Jauer district was initially subordinate to the Glogau War and Domain Chamber . When four Silesian administrative districts were set up in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms , the district was assigned to the administrative district of Reichenbach in the province of Silesia in 1815. As part of border regulations between the administrative districts of Liegnitz and Reichenbach , the villages of Peiswitz and Riemberg were reclassified from the Jauer district to the Goldberg-Haynau district on January 1, 1817 . After the Reichenbach administrative district was dissolved again in 1820, the Jauer district was assigned to the Liegnitz administrative district.

North German Confederation / German Empire

Malitsch Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz . On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Jauer district, in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

On October 1, 1932, the Jauer district was dissolved. The four communities Haasel, Hänchen, Laasnig and Prausnitz moved to the Goldberg district , while all other communities came to the Liegnitz district .

On October 1, 1933, a new, significantly larger Jauer district was formed from the following components:

On April 1, 1934, the rural communities Alt Reichenau and Quolsdorf moved from the Jauer district to the Waldenburg district . On April 1, 1936 the communities Merzdorf , Rudelstadt and Ruhbank were reclassified from the Jauer district to the Landeshut district.

On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 1, 1939, the district of Jauer was given the name Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district. In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year Residents source
1795 23,884
1819 23,874
1846 31,045
1871 33,601
1885 35,118
1900 35,398
1910 36,143
1925 34,487
1939 58,717

District administrators

1742–1765 00George Wilhelm von Reibnitz
1765–1780 00Wilhelm Diprand von Richthofen
1780–1791 00Carl Friedrich Wilhelm von Reibnitz
1791–1806 00Johann Christian von Normann
1806– 000000August Gebel
0000–1821 00from Engelmann
1821–1831 00Carl von Hugo
1831–1839 00Karl von Richthofen (1787–1841)
1839–1851 Karl von Czettritz00
1851–1888 00Guido von Skal
1888–1896 00Carl von Richthofen
1896–1923 00Konstantin von Geyso (1861–1927)
1923–1927 Hans Heinz von Wangenheim00
1927–1932 00Heinrich Lorenz
1933–1934 00Claus von Bismarck
1934–1942 Karl Christian zur Lippe-Weißenfeld00
1943 0000000Hermann Zwicker
1943–1944 00Ernst Langer
1944– 000000Otto Ernst Bartel

Local constitution

The Jauer district has been divided into cities, rural communities and manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia , Brandenburg , Pomerania , Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

Communities

The district last comprised three cities and 71 rural communities:

  • Alt Jauer
  • Alt Röhrsdorf
  • Arnoldshof
  • Baritsch
  • Bersdorf
  • Blumenau
  • Bohrauseifersdorf
  • Bolkenhain , city
  • Brooch
  • Bremberg
  • Dätzdorf
  • Dittersdorf
  • Dornberg
  • Einsiedel
  • Falkenberg
  • Giesmannsdorf
  • Girlachsdorf
  • Graves
  • Gross Neudorf
  • Leipe
  • Lobris
  • Malitsch
  • Merzdorf b. Yeah
  • Mochau
  • Möhnersdorf
  • Moisdorf
  • New Reichenau
  • Lower Baumgarten
  • Nimmersath
  • Ober Baumgarten
  • Upper Hohendorf
  • Upper Rohnstock
  • Oberlauterbach
  • Peterwitz
  • Poischwitz
  • Polkau
  • Pombsen
  • Profen
  • Reppersdorf
  • Rohnstock
  • Smart
  • Pig house
  • Seckerwitz
  • Seichau
  • Seitendorf
  • Semmelwitz
  • Simsdorf
  • Stretch brook
  • Thomasdorf
  • Triebelwitz
  • Wederau
  • Weidenwerder
  • Willmannsdorf
  • Wolmsdorf
  • Würgsdorf

The following municipalities lost their independence by 1938:

  • Nieder Kunzendorf, on October 1, 1936 in Kunzendorf am Großhau
  • Nieder Poischwitz, 1922 to Poischwitz
  • Ober Kunzendorf, on October 1, 1936 in Kunzendorf am Großhau
  • Schollwitz, on April 1, 1937 in Simsdorf
  • Shitzerland, on April 1, 1939 Hohenfriedberg
  • Siebenhuben, on September 30, 1928 in Jakobsdorf
  • Wiesau, on November 1, 1935 at Alt Röhrsdorf

Place names

In 1936/1937 the names of two parishes were changed:

  • Skohl → Weidenwerder
  • Tschirnitz → Dornberg

Personalities

  • Bruno Bräuer (1893–1947), from Willmannsdorf, general of the parachute force in World War II

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Jauer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
  2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
  6. ^ Roman Kamionka: The reorganization of the district division of Silesia in the Stein-Hardenberg reform period , Breslau 1934
  7. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform in the Liegnitz administrative district, p. 257 ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia. Volume 4: Dieter Stüttgen: Silesia. Johann Gottfried Harder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1976, ISBN 3-87969-116-9 .
  9. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 36 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 94 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  12. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
  13. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
  14. ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  15. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. jauer.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  16. ^ Territorial changes in Germany


Coordinates: 50 ° 58 '  N , 16 ° 11'  E