Pyritz district

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The district of Pyritz , until 1938 district of Pyritz , was a Prussian district in Pomerania until 1945 . Its county seat was the city of Pyritz . After the Second World War , the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in the summer of 1945 in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement .

Administrative history

The Pyritz district in the 18th century
The Pyritz district in 1933

The area of ​​the later district of Pyritz had belonged to the domain of the Pomeranian dukes since the 12th century. As the border area to the Mark Brandenburg , the southern areas were the subject of border wars for a long time between the two ruled areas. After the Thirty Years War the area came under the Prussian Duchy of Western Pomerania . A district reform was carried out in Western Pomerania in 1723/24. The number of counties and associated district administrators was noticeably reduced in order to lessen the strong territorial fragmentation that had arisen as a result of the complicated aristocratic estates in Western Pomerania. The Pyritz district now included the town of Pyritz, the market town of Werben , the royal offices of Bernstein, Kolbatz and Pyritz, and a large number of noble villages and estates .

By the provincial authorities ordinance of April 30, 1815, the Pyritz district became part of the Stettin administrative district in the Pomerania province . During the district reform of 1818 in the administrative district of Stettin, the demarcation of the Pyritz district was changed:

  • A territorial exchange took place with the district of Greifenhagen , during which, among other things, the Kolbatz office moved from the district of Pyritz to the district of Greifenhagen.
  • A territorial exchange took place with the Saatzig district , which affected several villages.
  • A territorial exchange took place with the district of Soldin in the province of Brandenburg , which affected several villages.

In 1871, the Pyritz district comprised the city of Pyritz, 88 rural communities and 75 manor districts . On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the district, as in the rest of Prussia, in which all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On January 1, 1939, the Pyritz district was given the name Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation .

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army and, after the end of the war in the summer of 1945, in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, it was placed under Polish administration like all of Western Pomerania . Most of the residents of the district were subsequently evicted by the local Polish administrative authorities .

In Poland today there is a Powiat Pyrzycki (Pyritz district) in other borders as part of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship .

Population development

year Residents source
1797 32,640
1816 28,612
1846 37,748
1871 42,509
1890 43,559
1900 42,686
1910 43,917
1925 49,068 1
1933 47,717
1939 47,752
1 of which 44,694 Protestants, 4,036 Catholics, 95 other Christians and 98 Jews

District administrators

Local constitution

The district of Pyritz was divided into the city of Pyritz, into rural communities and - until their complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Districts, cities and municipalities

Districts

The rural parishes of the district were divided into 26 administrative districts in the 1930s . The city of Pyritz was vacant.

Cities and municipalities 1945

At the end of its existence in 1945, the district of Pyritz comprised the city of Pyritz and 86 other communities:

Communities dissolved before 1945

traffic

From 1847, the Stargard-Poznan railway "116.c" ran through the Pyritz district in the northeast . It was not until 35 years later that the Stargard-Cüstriner Railway Company followed in 1882, initially with its main line, on which the county seat 116.a was also located. After the Arnswalde - Glasow line was put into operation in the southeast of the district in 1898> 116.a² <, the Pyritz - Jädickendorf branch> 116.e <followed in 1899.

The Pyritzer Bahnen , which was in the hands of the state and the district from the beginning, opened lines from the district town to Plönzig in the southeast of the district> 113.h <and to the neighboring district of Greifenhagen> 113.h² <.

In Alt Libbehne, the Kleinbahn Friedeberg- Alt Libbehne branched from the Arnswalde – Glasow railway line from> 115.k < since 1902 .

(The numbers in> <refer to the German course book 1939).

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Pyritz  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • District of Pyritz Administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 6, 2013.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Authority organization and general state administration. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 4 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1908, new division and reduction of the rear Pomeranian circles 1723/24 , p. 171 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Johann Ernst Fabri: Geography for all estates . Schwickertscher Verlag, Leipzig 1793, chap. Prussian Western Pomerania, p. 444 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ Fritz Curschmann, Ernst Rubow: Pomeranian district map sheet 3 . The Pomeranian circles before and after 1818. In: Landesgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle der Provinz Pommern (Hrsg.): Historischer Atlas von Pommern . 1935 ( digitized ).
  4. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Stettin: Ordinance on the new district division of January 18, 1816 . No. 12 , 1816, p. 42 ( digitized version [accessed February 2, 2017]).
  5. ↑ Local directory of the government district of Stettin according to the new district division . approx. 1818. Struck, Stettin ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ a b The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population in 1871
  7. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 44 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Stettin, p. 226 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
  9. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. S. 315 ( digitized version ).
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Pyritz district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Pyritz district in the Pommern information system.