Kronen newspaper

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Kronen newspaper
logo
description Austrian daily newspaper
publishing company Media print
First edition January 2 ,  1900
Frequency of publication Every day
Sold edition 738,191 copies
( ÖAK , 1st half of 2017)
Range 2.345 (Monday to Saturday), 2.899 (Sunday) million readers
( Austrian media analysis 2014/2015)
Editor-in-chief Christoph Dichand , managing director Klaus Herrmann
editor Christoph Dichand
Web link krone.at
Logo 2014

The Neue Kronen Zeitung , or Krone for short , is the Austrian daily newspaper with the highest circulation . It has been published in Vienna since 1900 (with the exception of the years 1944 to 1959) and, as a tabloid, is characterized by simple language and short articles.

history

The Kronen Zeitung editorial building in Muthgasse, which the Kronen Zeitung moved into in 1963, was then a project by Fritz Molden under the name Pressehaus , in the 19th district of Vienna

Surname

The newspaper's name is derived from its original subscription price of a crown . The picture of a 1-crown coin also graced the title page. From 1900 to 1905 it was called the Österreichische Kronen-Zeitung , from around 1905 to 1941 the Illustrierte Kronen-Zeitung and from 1941 to 1944 the Wiener Kronen-Zeitung .

founding

The first edition of the Kronen Zeitung appeared on January 2, 1900. Gustav Davis , a former officer , is considered to be the founder. The title did not pay homage to the monarchy , but refers to the purchase price of one crown (monthly price ). The favorable price could be fixed because the newspaper stamp fee had fallen by December 31, 1899 .

The newspaper appeared for three years with moderate success, until it landed a journalistic hit with the coverage of the " Regicide of Belgrade " and gained great popularity . The Krone was known for its simple newspaper novels. She was also considered the inventor of the reader-leaf bond through treasure hunt games. In 1906 the sheet exceeded the print run of 100,000 copies for the first time . Franz Lehár wrote a waltz on November 27, 1927 for the ten thousandth number of the Krone .

After the DC circuit by the Nazis in March 1938 the newspaper was closed on 31 August 1944, with three other Viennese newspapers on Sept. 1, 1944 Nazi era to Wiener little Kriegszeitung merged, which appeared to 7 April 1945, when the Red Army had already started the battle for Vienna .

"Resurrection" of the Kronen Zeitung

In 1959, the Austrian journalist Hans Dichand , who until then had been editor-in-chief of the newspaper Kurier , bought the rights to the title Kronen Zeitung and resurrected the newspaper as Neue Kronen Zeitung on April 11, 1959 .

In the early 1960s, Fritz Molden intended to buy the crown . However, the Creditanstalt did not grant Molden the necessary credit for the purchase, as Hans Dichand writes in his memoir. From 1967 to 1971 it appeared as the Independent Kronen Zeitung , since then again as the Neue Kronen Zeitung . The word Independent was added to the title page under the name of the newspaper.

To date, the financing of the takeover and operation of the newspaper has not been fully clarified. The highly influential SPÖ politician Franz Olah , then Vice President of the ÖGB , referred the German businessman Ferdinand Karpik to Dichand, who wanted to take a 50 percent stake in the newspaper. Dichand was put aside by the German investor, an advertising specialist named Kurt Falk (later publisher of Austria's weekly newspaper with the widest reach, The Whole Week ). The Krone soon developed into the most widely read Austrian newspaper.

In the middle of the sixties, the ÖGB suddenly put ownership claims on the crown . Franz Olah, who has since fallen, used ÖGB guarantee funds to found the crown and only pretended to push the German investor forward. The subsequent smear campaign by the Krone against the social democratic party SPÖ is considered to be the Krone's first successful campaign . Years of litigation between the newspaper and the trade union federation resulted. The ÖGB was finally settled with eleven million schillings, and Kurt Falk took over 50 percent of the German Karpik.

In the eighties Kurt Falk got out of the newspaper after a lengthy dispute with Hans Dichand and sold his shares to the German SPD- related WAZ publishing group. From 1989 Hans Mahr took over the management of the Krone . He had been a consultant to the publisher Hans Dichand since 1983.

present

A characteristic of the Krone is its large number of commentary columns. There are around sixteen regular columns by individual authors. The most important Krone columnists are Michael Jeannée ( Post from Jeannée ), Norman Schenz ( Adabei ), Claus Pándi ( Politics on Sunday ) and the Archbishop of Vienna Cardinal Christoph Schönborn ( thoughts on the Sunday Gospel ) and were Günther Nenning († May 14, 2006) , Wolf Martin ( rhymed in the wind ; † April 12, 2012), Robert Löffler (Telemax ; † December 27, 2016), Ernst Trost ( what's behind it ; † July 24, 2015), Richard Nimmerrichter ( Staberl , until 2001) and Kurt Krenn , the former bishop of St. Pölten († January 25, 2014), who wrote the column 50 lines with God under the pseudonym Christianus .

The editor Hans Dichand († June 17, 2010) himself wrote irregular comments on topics that seemed important to him personally, sometimes on the front page under the pseudonym cato . In his newspaper, for example, he called on the FPÖ candidate for the federal presidential election in 2010, Barbara Rosenkranz , to distance herself from National Socialist ideas in an affidavit in order to secure further support from the crown in the election campaign. Every Friday, the newspaper is accompanied by the Krone TV program , and every Saturday a supplement with health topics appears. The Sunday edition is published together with an additional 80-page section in the format of a magazine (“Krone Bunt”).

The newspaper regularly stages campaigns and starts or supports referendums at the same time - for example for the Vienna observatory park (1973), animal welfare , against the Austrian power plant project near Hainburg , the Czech Temelín nuclear power plant or the purchase of the Austrian government's interceptors . Together with the FPÖ, the Upper Austrian crown succeeded in making the planned construction of the music theater inside the Linz Schlossberg (“Theater in the Mountain”) the subject of a daily counter-campaign in which the majority of the citizens turned against the opera project.

In the summer of 2004, the newspaper considered reverting to the old spelling (but ultimately didn't) and launched a nationwide campaign against the spelling reform .

From April 2015 to October 2016, the Krone cooperated with the Austrian television broadcaster ServusTV in the production of the Servus Krone TV format .

In May 2019, excerpts from the Ibiza video recorded in 2017 with the FPÖ politician Heinz-Christian Strache were published, in which he considered the takeover of the Kronenzeitung by the party's friendly oligarchs . By exchanging critical journalists, the FPÖ should get a decisive advantage in elections. Together with the current ownership disputes, this triggered changes at the Krone towards more politically critical reporting. The addition independent under the newspaper title was now printed in a larger font. Richard Schmitt, the Strache had explicitly praised in the video as the only journalists in early July was as editor of the website in 2019 krone.at dismissed a month later left Schmitt, the Kronen Zeitung altogether.

Publication, presentation and editorial line

The crown appears daily, consistently colored, with about 80 pages. The traditionally small-format newspaper ( e.g. A4 paper ) costs EUR 1.20 in the tobacco shop (kiosk). It appears in numerous regional mutations - for each federal state there is at least one separate edition, in which the local section varies. These editions are also updated on an ongoing basis. The relatively short length of the articles is characteristic of the Krone (upper limit: 1600 characters).

The editorial line of the newspaper reads: "The variety of opinions of your publisher and editors."

Editors-in-chief and owners

Between the re-establishment in 1959 and 2001, Friedrich Dragon was editor-in-chief of the Kronen Zeitung . After he was dismissed without notice from Hans Dichand because of a conflict, Dragon, to Dichand's annoyance, continued to have significant influence on the Kronen Zeitung until mid-2007 as the “Krone” authorized signatory of the WAZ media group .

Later the set up by the WAZ as editor in chief, many years was ORF Trek department chief Michael Kuhn dismissed - without the consent of the co-owner WAZ.

Christoph Dichand , the son of founder and publisher Hans Dichand , has been editor-in-chief since 2003 . The appointment of his son led to a dispute with the WAZ, which, in addition to Dichand, still holds 50 percent of the newspaper and demands a say in personnel decisions. The WAZ appealed to a Swiss arbitration tribunal to decide.

Company founder and publisher Hans Dichand died on June 17, 2010 . Shortly before, he made Christoph Dichand editor.

Since 1987, the Essen-based WAZ media group, now operating as the Funke media group , has owned half of the paper through WAZ Auslands Holding GmbH . In November 2018, the takeover of 49% of the shares in this company by the Austrian real estate and trading company Signa Holding of the Tyrolean René Benko was announced, which made its first investment in the media sector and in future a stake of 24.5% in Kronen Zeitung and Owns 24.22% of the courier.

On March 22, 2019, it was announced that the representatives of the Funke Group had called for the "immediate dismissal" of Christoph Dichand as editor-in-chief and publisher at the shareholders' meeting.

The market power of the Kronen Zeitung

Market methods

Already in the first few years after the founding of the Krone , it became clear that the newspaper was using unconventional methods against competitors.

  • Kurt Falk is considered to be the inventor of the so-called “ Sonntagsstandln ”, the removal bags for Sunday newspapers on streets and sidewalks. This idea, which was initially ridiculed by all competitors, is now very popular with newspapers worldwide.
  • In 1963, Kurt Falk agreed with the then competitor Kleines Volksblatt to switch from small to large format at the same time. The Kleine Volksblatt then actually appeared in a different format, but the Krone remained small - and thus gained 40,000 readers. The Krone did not refrain from maliciously commenting on the conversion of the Kleiner Volksblatt after it was closed.
  • In 1970, Falk and Dichand bought the tabloid Express , only to discontinue it shortly afterwards.
  • After one of Austria's most important printing houses, the Pressehaus in Vienna, was sold to the BAWAG bank (at that time partly owned by the ÖGB ; today Bawag PSK ), the bank's crown threatened to build its own printing house, forcing BAWAG to to sell the printing works to the crown .
  • In 1995, the crown covered the Viennese city newspaper Falter with several lawsuits worth millions because of a competition that allegedly violated the competition law. The butterfly narrowly escaped financial ruin. However, it suggests that the moth should be eliminated because of its critical reporting towards the crown . The Austrian politician Karl Öllinger from the Greens called the case in the Austrian National Council “a question of freedom of the press ”.

Circulation and range

The print run was 200,000 in 1919, 250,000 in 1929 and 260,000 in 1938. After the publication was resumed, the circulation initially rose from 110,000 to 515,000 between 1960 and 1969. In 1980 it was 1 million. Since 1968 the Kronen-Zeitung has been the newspaper with the highest circulation in Austria. The circulation sold in 2012 was 809,990 copies.

In 2005, the Kronen Zeitung was ranked 45th among the 100 largest daily newspapers worldwide.

With almost three million readers and a population of around eight million, the Neue Kronen Zeitung is one of the strongest, most successful and most influential newspapers in the world in terms of population. For comparison: The Kronen Zeitung has a circulation of around one million copies, the Japanese Yomiuri Shimbun 14 million (with 127 million inhabitants) and the Liechtenstein Fatherland around 10,000 (with 35,000 inhabitants).

In 2005, according to an Austrian media analysis , the Krone reached an average of 3.074 million people (14 years of age or older) every day, corresponding to a reach of 44.9%. The Krone had more than 3.5 times as many readers as its strongest competing newspaper , the Kleine Zeitung (12.2 percent of 838,000 readers in 2005). Since then, however, the numbers have declined slightly. In 2012 the Krone had a reach of 2.687 million readers with a sold circulation of 809,990 copies, of which 681,603 were subscribers (annual average 2012).

The Krone also feels the difference between East and West Austria among newspaper readers . In the eastern federal states such as Burgenland , which apart from the Krone does not have its own daily newspaper, it achieved 53.3% coverage in 2012 , while the Kronen is in the western federal states of Tyrol (39.9%) and Vorarlberg (4.5%) Newspaper not that popular. While the crown is completely meaningless in Vorarlberg , it has caught up a lot in Tyrol in recent years, so that the Tyrolean daily has to fear that it will fall out of the national booking plans of media planners in the future . As a counter-strategy, the publisher of the Tiroler Tageszeitung founded its own tabloid for Tyrol called Die Neue in 2004 , which was discontinued in 2008. Since May 2011, the Tiroler Tageszeitung and Krone have been working closely together, at least in terms of delivery. To this end, they founded the company “Tirol Logistik”.

Publishing and distribution company Mediaprint

In the 1990s, the Krone founded the publishing and distribution company Mediaprint together with the then second-strongest Austrian daily newspaper, the Kurier , which took over the printing, distribution and sale of the two newspapers. The driving force behind this establishment was the publishing house of the Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung , which at the time held a 45 percent stake in both the Kurier and the Kronen Zeitung and today holds shares of 50 percent each in these two Austrian daily newspapers. Already at this point in time, many observers were speaking of a market monopoly for Mediaprint, as it had bought up several publishers and printing companies from other daily newspapers, including the renowned Vorwärts-Verlag of the Austrian Social Democratic Party , which printed and published the Arbeiter-Zeitung . In 2000 Austria's most successful magazine group, NEWS-Verlag with the titles NEWS , Profil , e-media , Format and Trend, also joined the company. Since then, the overwhelming majority of the higher circulation periodically appearing print media in Austria has come from a single source.

criticism

Accusations and controversy

There are frequent allegations that some of the newspaper's editorial staff are (neo) fascist or anti-Semitic positions. In 2004 the Vienna Regional Court ruled that the Staberl column contained "anti-Semitic and racist undertones".

On April 20, 1994, the birthday of Adolf Hitler , the columnist Wolf Martin , who wrote a column in poetry every day on page 2 of the newspaper, wrote that he was celebrating, “if you let me, today that Adolf's cradle festival, which was once in our beautiful Land came first. ”By this, Martin meant (as can be seen from the end of the poem, which is surprising to many), the former Austrian Federal President Adolf Schärf , who was born exactly one year after Hitler (April 20, 1890). (The right-wing extremist singer - songwriter Frank Rennicke also uses the same topic in one of his songs - sometimes literally identical.) This column gave rise to a great deal of controversy. The discussion became even more heated when Martin began his column on April 20, 2001 with the words "Indeed, today is a great day, I've been looking forward to him for a long time", and with "It be his honor, our salvation!" ended to turn dissolve the conclusion that it was not about Hitler, but something else: to the second season of the ORF - Reality series taxi Orange .

Trendy reporting

The crown is often accused of tendentious and subjective reporting. Some examples that sparked polemics:

  • On October 8, 1997, the newspaper printed a photo of the suspected but not yet convicted bomb bomber Franz Fuchs on the front page with the headline A picture like a confession .
  • The newspaper did a similar thing when, in April 1989, it denounced an auxiliary nurse as a prostitute with the headline “Trude the piggy does everything” . The subsequent legal proceedings ended with the largest reply in Austria's media history to date .
  • On the question of the Semmering Base Tunnel , the Lower Austrian edition of the Krone appeared as an opponent, but the Styrian edition as a supporter of the railway project.
  • In January 2003, a young person suspected of being arson was pictured with a photo and described on the front page as a “fire devil”.
  • In view of the increasing number of asylum seekers and migrants, the Krone regularly warns of " foreign infiltration " and demands "Close the borders!"
  • During the National Council election campaign in September 2002 , the newspaper received the headline No red-green experiment! clear position.
  • In April 2008 it campaigned for a referendum on the Lisbon Treaty , and the day after its ratification in the National Council it headlined a breach of the constitution in parliament.
  • In January 2013, the Krone published a multi-part series entitled Battle for the Army, in which the newspaper took the SPÖ's line of abolishing compulsory military service. In the fifth part of the series, the crown listed several ÖVP party members, including the illness that caused them to fail the draft.
  • In March 2013 the newspaper printed “interviews” with deceased such as Princess Diana , Pope John Paul II , Falco and Jörg Haider . All of them were allegedly contacted in the afterlife by a “certified human energetic”. In the “Interview” John Paul II advises his successor Francis not to “act too liberally”, and Jörg Haider, who died in an accident in 2008, claims that his car was “manipulated by political opponents”.
  • In January 2014 the Krone received a reprimand from the Austrian Press Council for reporting the alleged existence of a powerful beggar mafia . Quote from the press council: "According to the decision, five of the seven articles examined represented a violation of media ethical principles."
  • In May 2014, the Upper Austrian crown fell into disrepute because it put pressure on Upper Austrian state politics regarding a new beggars law for nine consecutive days .
  • In the spring of 2015, the Salzburg edition of the Kronen Zeitung got into the media discussion after the Austrian media watch blog Kobuk.at accused it of tendentiously reporting on the expansion of several Salzburg shopping centers in the interests of a large advertising customer.

These and similar blanket condemnations earned the crown numerous reprimands from the Austrian press council . In 1999, all leading members of the Press Council were also covered by the Krone as private individuals with millions of claims for credit damage. After all, it was also the Krone that was instrumental in the dissolution of the Press Council at the time, which it called the "Anti-Krone Syndicate".

Critical documentation

These and other points of criticism were incorporated into the critical documentary Kronen Zeitung - a tabloid piece every day ; After the documentary was broadcast by the cultural broadcaster Arte , its program announcements were removed from the Krone television program for a few years. The German-French channel can now be found in the program section again.

The fact that ORF never broadcast this documentary is seen by critics as proof of the Kronen Zeitung's power. However, the film was shown in March 2005 by the private Austrian television station ATV . However, there was no further change in the Krone's television program .

Copyright infringement on published articles

After Hans Hoff wrote a critical article about the " Stadlshow " for the Internet magazine DWDL.de in September 2015 , the Kronen-Zeitung published a slightly abbreviated version of this article on its website without citing the source, but with the note that the text did not come from its own Editorial staff. A complaint from Hans Hoff to the Kronen-Zeitung about copyright infringement and damage to its reputation remained unresponsive for the time being and later led to the corresponding article being removed.

After the magazine Horizont asked the Kronen-Zeitung, its editor-in-chief Richard Schmitt replied that they were not aware of any wrongdoing because they had not stated the article as a personal contribution and they would not say anything if others copied them. Furthermore, he was of the opinion that the copyright infringement would help Hans Hoff gain more popularity. In addition, the Kronen Zeitung does not always have the time to ask the authors whether their texts can be used. He also invokes the right to quote . He also wishes that other media would also do the same with articles in the Kronen Zeitung, i.e. copy their articles and publish them externally.

Quotes from the Kronen Zeitung

"The masses read the 'Kronen Zeitung', that is, they listen to themselves thinking without suspecting that you are only giving them what they have always thought, (...) they are happy that there are some, who say what they have always said. The process of thinking is interrupted before it can begin. "

- Elfriede Jelinek , author

“Many actually say that the Kronen Zeitung is better than the church newspaper. Because, interestingly enough, the Kronen Zeitung does not actually follow these many confusions. It is a little simpler, more sensible, but also in many ways more Christian than our own press. "

- Kurt Krenn , former bishop

“We also see our role in bringing politicians who easily float on the clouds and lose ground to reality - this is a danger that affects all politicians - back down to earth. We do that with our comments and occasionally we have to give a sharp call to order, as in the Sunday newspaper with double / triple trips abroad and the scramble for the best foreign dates between the Federal President, Chancellor and Foreign Minister. The title is short and sweet: 'Klestil, Schüssel, Ferrero: This is how they embarrass us abroad'. Because abroad people already laugh about it. Yes, because Klestil asked me whether this is a change of direction for the newspaper that he now has to fear that he will be dragged by the cocoa in the long run. And I told him it was a call to order. So if the facts change for the better, everything will be normal again. "

- Kurt Seinitz , foreign policy editor

“Animal welfare is important to us, we have a very large department, it has become a millionaire company. We get inheritances and all sorts of things. "

- Hans Dichand , editor-in-chief

“I believe that the rise of Jörg Haider and the Freedom Party since 1986 is inextricably linked with the Kronen Zeitung. To the extent to which this opposition party, this opposition movement, has shown grievances in the encrusted political system, to the extent to which they have articulated civil protest, the Kronen Zeitung has traditionally transported and articulated this from its line. And of course that was very useful to the liberal party, because it created a large medium that has repeatedly treated the topics in a popular way. "

- Andreas Mölzer , FPÖ politician and columnist

“For me it is very symptomatic how the Kronenzeitung handled the Omofuma affair . This is the name of a Nigerian who was a detainee detainee and who died as a result of the police taping his mouth while he was being deported and he suffocated. And in the debate about such methods, the Kronenzeitung writes - under the pseudonym “cato”, it is always the editor Dichand himself: “Police, that means maintaining public order. The accompanying security guards have done justice to this task. ”That means washing these methods clean. But it goes even further: “The humanitarian dilettantes” - these are those who consider these measures to be contrary to human rights, they are in the eyes of Mr. cato, ie Dichand, humanitarian dilettantes - “far away from the dangers of rioting in an airplane they know better and better. They really do not deserve the fact that there is still a group in our society in the form of the police who is willing to give their lives for the community. ”These are messages that are sent out and that are then supported by other editors in the newspaper . "

- Heide Schmidt , founder of the Liberal Forum

Taken from the article "Ordnungsruf": Original tones from the "Krone" documentary .

See also

literature

  • Stefan Weber : Construction of news in the tabloid medium: the reality of the “Kronen Zeitung”. Passagen-Verlag, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-85165-163-4 .
  • Günther Nenning : One crown please: the Kronen-Zeitung must remain Austrian. Molden, Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85485-104-9 .
  • Harald Fidler : In the forecourt of the battle. Falter, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-85439-341-5 .
  • Thomas Steinmaurer: Concentrated and intertwined. Studien Verlag, Innsbruck / Vienna a. a. 2002, ISBN 3-7065-1755-8 .
  • Walter Haney: The Illustrated Crown Newspaper. An example of the history of the Viennese press . Dissertation. University of Vienna, Vienna 1951.

Web links

Wiktionary: Krone  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Austrian edition control : edition list 1st half of 2017. Retrieved on October 24, 2017 (PDF 15.8 MB).
  2. ↑ a b c Austrian Media Analysis 2014, daily newspapers total
  3. ↑ "Krone" - editor-in-chief: Herrmann becomes Dichand's deputy. In: derstandard.at . September 2, 2015, accessed August 22, 2019.
  4. ↑ ServusTV and Krone with “Servus Krone” ( memento from June 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Horizont Online . April 16, 2015, accessed June 25, 2015.
  5. ↑ Servus TV discontinues the program “Servus Krone”. In: diepresse.com . October 17, 2016, accessed August 23, 2019.
  6. ↑ Richard Schmitt resigns as Krone.at editor-in-chief. In: kurier.at . July 1, 2019, accessed August 23, 2019.
  7. ↑ The Blue Nightmare of Orbánistan. In: oe1.orf.at . June 7, 2019, accessed August 23, 2019.
  8. ↑ Harald Fidler: Schmitt hands over the "Krone.at" tour and heads the "Krone" streaming project. In: derstandard.at . July 1, 2019 (updated July 30, 2019), accessed August 23, 2019.
  9. ↑ Harald Fidler: Richard Schmitt leaves the "Kronen Zeitung". In: derstandard.at . July 31, 2019, accessed August 23, 2019.
  10. ^ Association of Austrian Newspapers : Lexicon entry Kronen Zeitung ( memento of October 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ).
  11. ^ Dragon, Friedrich. ( Memento from December 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) In: diemedien.at . November 5, 2008.
  12. ↑ Dichand companion “Bibi” Dragon turns 80. In: derstandard.at . July 29, 2009. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  13. ↑ WAZ brings Dragon back. In: derstandard.at . January 31, 2003, accessed on August 22, 2019.
  14. ↑ Joachim Riedl : To head and crown. In: The time . No. 7/2006. Accessed online on August 22, 2019.
  15. ↑ New episode of the Ösi soap "These Dichands". In: kress.de . February 2, 2006, accessed August 22, 2019.
  16. ↑ Oliver Pink : The Dichands - the family behind the patriarch. , in: Die Presse . June 18, 2010. Accessed online August 22, 2019.
  17. ↑ The difficult inheritance of the heir to the throne in the house of Dichand. In: Wiener Zeitung of June 18, 2010. Accessed online on December 5, 2013.
  18. ↑ Gerald John, Eva Weissenberger: The Dichands. ( Memento from January 18, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) In: Falter . November 5, 2003.
  19. ↑ Harald Fidler : "Krone" millionaire show before the commercial court. . In: derstandard.at . July 4, 2019, accessed August 22, 2019.
  20. ↑ Karstadt owner Benko buys into Austrian newspapers. In: faz.net . November 12, 2018, accessed August 22, 2019.
  21. ↑ Real estate investor Benko buys in "Krone" and "Kurier". In: diepresse.com . November 12, 2018, accessed August 22, 2019.
  22. ↑ A dramatic turnaround with Dichand's dismissal. In: oe24.at . March 25, 2019, accessed March 27, 2019.
  23. ↑ a b Austrian circulation control : list of circulation annual average 2012. ( Memento from November 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 333 kB).
  24. ↑ World's 100 Largest Newspapers ( Memento from August 31, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) . World Association of Newspapers . 2005.
  25. ^ Roland Koberg: newspaper confusion in Austria . In: Die Zeit , No. 20/1996.
  26. ↑ a b Austrian Media Analysis 2005, daily newspapers total .
  27. ↑ For Judge Frohner it has been “proven true” that the “crown” spreads “anti-Semitic and racist undertones”. In: derstandard.at. August 25, 2004. Retrieved November 17, 2018 .
  28. ↑ Klemens Polatschek: A lot of lies. In: The time . July 14, 1989. Retrieved online March 25, 2019.
  29. ↑ Richard Schmitt, Oliver Papacek: "Krone" series: Does conscription lack justice? In: Kronen Zeitung. January 9, 2013.
  30. ↑ “Beggar mafia”? Press Council reprimands "Krone". In: roma-service.at. May 9, 2014, accessed February 24, 2015 .
  31. ↑ 8 front pages in 9 days. roma-service.at, June 5, 2015, accessed on February 24, 2015 .
  32. ↑ Pictures from six front pages of the Kronen-Zeitung with headlines about the "beggar's affliction". In: roma-service.at. Retrieved February 24, 2015 .
  33. ^ "Krone" campaign against Salzburg for large advertising customers Spar. In: The Standard . April 26, 2015.
  34. ↑ Hans Peter Hasenöhrl: The "KRONE" does not buckle. In: The Standard . May 22, 2015.
  35. ↑ The pure horror. Musikantenstadl - musikantenstadl - dead In: dwdl.de . September 13, 2015, accessed September 15, 2015.
  36. ^ Krone.at steals complete "Stadl" criticism. In: horizont.at . September 14, 2015, accessed September 15, 2015.
  37. ↑ "Crown" -Lexikon - From A to Z Adabei Zilk. In: derstandard.at . June 17, 2010, accessed August 22, 2019.
  38. ↑ "Ordnungsruf": Original sounds from the "Krone" document. In: The Standard . October 24, 2002, p. 2. Accessed online on August 22, 2019.