List of fatalities at the Berlin Wall
The list of victims of the Berlin Wall includes all people who died as “ victims ” of the Berlin Wall . According to the criteria of a state-funded research project of the Center for Contemporary History Research (ZZF) in Potsdam and the Berlin Wall Foundation , this applies to at least 140 people. In addition, there are at least 251 mostly elderly people who died of natural causes - mainly from heart attacks - after or during the controls at the Berlin border crossings . Results of other investigations are presented in the main article Fatalities at the Berlin Wall .
Among the people who lost their lives at the Berlin Wall, including the barriers between the GDR and West Berlin, there are also deaths among GDR border guards while on duty. Persons who perished on the inner-German border are not dealt with here.
criteria
The ZZF developed five case groups to classify individual cases as victims of the Berlin Wall. Such fatalities are:
- Refugees who were shot by armed organs of the GDR (see: GDR border troops ) or who died of gunshot wounds while attempting to escape (from 1968 onwards, illegal border crossing according to Section 213 of the GDR Criminal Code ) .
- Refugees who died in the border area without outside interference or who took their own life when their attempt to flee had failed.
- People from East and West who were shot dead by armed organs of the GDR in the area of the border or who died from gunshot wounds (e.g. climbed over border installations or were mistakenly mistaken for refugees and killed).
- People from East and West, by action or omission crashed the armed forces and died from his injuries.
- Border guards killed while serving on the wall.
The cases must either be related to an escape or causally and spatially to the border regime , or they must be traced back directly or indirectly to the cause or failure of the border authorities in the border area.
list
According to the data of the ZZF research project, 140 people (101 refugees, 31 people with no intention to flee (from East and West) and 8 GDR border guards) died at the Berlin Wall between 1961 and 1989. Only those dead are listed who lost their lives at the Berlin Wall, including the barriers between the GDR and West Berlin. People who died on the inner-German border are not mentioned in the list.
| Surname | Born | Died | Age | Circumstances of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ida Siekmann | 23 Aug 1902 | 22 Aug 1961 | 58 | Fatally injured when jumping out of her apartment at Bernauer Strasse 48 and died before she was hospitalized |
| Günter Litfin | Jan. 19, 1937 | Aug 24, 1961 | 24 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in the Humboldthafen |
| Roland Hoff | March 19, 1934 | Aug 29, 1961 | 27 | Shot while trying to escape in the Teltow Canal in front of Lichterfelde , near Wupperstrasse |
| Rudolf Urban | June 6, 1914 | 17 Sep 1961 | 47 | Crashed on August 19, 1961 on the run from his apartment at Bernauer Strasse 1 and admitted to a West Berlin hospital with a break ; died of pneumonia on September 17, 1961 |
| Olga Sailor | July 31, 1881 | 26 Sep 1961 | 80 | Seriously injured on September 25, 1961 while attempting to escape by jumping out of her apartment at Bernauer Strasse 34, died on September 26 from internal injuries suffered in the process |
| Bernd Lünser | March 11, 1939 | Oct. 4, 1961 | 22nd | He fell from the roof of the house at Bernauer Strasse 44 while trying to escape while fighting with border guards and was fatally injured |
| Udo Düllick | Aug 3, 1936 | Oct 5, 1961 | 25th | While trying to escape by means of through swimming and (due to fire) by dipping the Spree at the sector boundary between Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg drowned |
| Werner Probst | June 18, 1936 | Oct 14, 1961 | 25th | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border on the banks of the Spree in Kreuzberg between Schilling and Oberbaumbrücke |
| Lothar Lehmann | Jan. 28, 1942 | Nov 26, 1961 | 19th | Drowned / died as a result of cold shock and circulatory collapse while trying to escape at the outer ring in the Havel near Sacrow (near Potsdam ) near Fährstraße |
| Dieter Wohlfahrt | May 27, 1941 | Dec 9, 1961 | 20th | Shot while helping escape in Staaken , near Bergstrasse / corner of Hauptstrasse |
| Ingo Kruger | Jan. 31, 1940 | Dec 11, 1961 | 21st | When trying to escape at the sector border in the Spree near the bank of the Reichstag on Kieler Straße, drowned or died of a cold shock due to a defect in the diving device |
| Georg Feldhahn | Aug 12, 1941 | Dec. 19, 1961 | 20th | GDR border police officer who had been drinking before starting work; drowned while attempting to flee and deserting during his deployment at the sector border in the Spree, found in West Berlin on March 11, 1962 |
| Dorit Schmiel | Apr 25, 1941 | 19 Feb 1962 | 20th | Fatally shot while trying to escape on the sector border to Wittenau , Wilhelmsruher Damm, and died in hospital |
| Heinz Jercha | July 1, 1934 | March 27, 1962 | 27 | Shot as an escape helper on the sector border between Treptow and Neukölln in Heidelberger Strasse, died in West Berlin from his injuries |
| Philipp Held | May 2, 1942 | Apr. 1962 | 19th | On or after April 8th, according to the autopsy possibly around April 12th, drowned while trying to escape at the sector border while swimming across the Spree ; Body found on April 22nd |
| Klaus Brueske | Sep 14 1938 | Apr 18, 1962 | 23 | Attempted escape with a truck breaking through the sector border at the Heinrich-Heine-Straße border crossing point ; suffocated in the accident that brought the truck to a halt on the West Berlin side |
| Jörgen Schmidtchen | June 28, 1941 | Apr 18, 1962 | 20th | Border soldier killed in service; shot with the gun of the Berlin Wall victim Peter Böhme at the Gleisdreieck Potsdam - Griebnitzsee opposite Kohlhasenbrück |
| Peter Boehme | Aug 17, 1942 | Apr 18, 1962 | 19th | Shot during an exchange of fire at the Gleisdreieck Potsdam - Griebnitzsee across from Kohlhasenbrück , after the border soldier Jörgen Schmidtchen was shot with his weapon - presumably by himself |
| Horst Frank | May 7, 1942 | Apr 29, 1962 | 19th | Shot while trying to escape on the sector border between Schönholz and Reinickendorf , on the embankment north of Klemkestrasse |
| Peter Goering | Dec 28, 1940 | May 23, 1962 | 21st | Border soldier killed in service; fatally hit by a ricochet from the pistol of a West Berlin police officer at the sector border at the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal / Invalidenfriedhof . |
| Lutz Haberlandt | Apr 29, 1938 | May 27, 1962 | 24 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border south of the Sandkrugbrücke, near the Charité on Alexanderufer |
| Axel Hannemann | Apr. 27, 1945 | 5th June 1962 | 17th | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border in the Spree near the Marschallbrücke on the Reichstagufer after the skipper of the boat on which he actually wanted to flee west had called customs |
| Erna Kelm | July 21, 1908 | June 11, 1962 | 53 | Drowned while trying to escape in the Havel in Wannsee , near Nikolskoe |
| Wolfgang Glöde | Feb. 1, 1949 | June 11, 1962 | 13 | In a conversation with children living there, the border guard showed and loaded his weapon on a patrol on the sector border in Treptow in the “Sorgenfrei” colony, near Karpfenteichstrasse; in the process, a shot accidentally went off and hit Glöde fatally |
| Reinhold Huhn | March 8, 1942 | June 18, 1962 | 20th | Border soldier killed in service; Shot by an escape helper on the sector border between the districts of Mitte and Kreuzberg |
| Siegfried Noffke | Dec 9, 1939 | June 28, 1962 | 22nd | Shot as an escape helper on the sector border between the districts of Mitte and Kreuzberg at Heinrich-Heine-Straße 49 after the escape tunnel there had been betrayed; died on the way to the East Berlin hospital |
| Peter Fechter | Jan. 14, 1944 | Aug 17, 1962 | 18th | Shot while trying to escape in Berlin-Mitte, Zimmerstrasse; Bleeding to death in front of a large crowd of West Berliners on the death strip |
| Hans-Dieter Wesa | Jan. 10, 1943 | 23 Aug 1962 | 19th | At the sector border in Gesundbrunnen at the Bornholmer Strasse S-Bahn station , he was initially shot while trying to escape and, when he was already on the ground, shot from a short distance |
| Ernst Mundt | Dec. 2, 1921 | 4th Sep 1962 | 40 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border, at the Sophienfriedhof, Bernauer corner Bergstrasse |
| Günter Seling | Apr 28, 1940 | Sep 30 1962 | 22nd | Border soldier killed in service; Shot by a comrade on the south-western outer ring because, according to various sources, either the submachine gun accidentally triggered or he was mistaken for a GDR refugee |
| Anton Waltz | Apr 27, 1902 | Oct 8, 1962 | 60 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in the Spree near the Oberbaum Bridge |
| Horst Plischke | July 12, 1939 | Nov 19, 1962 | 23 | Drowned while trying to escape at the sector border in the Spree; Body found on March 10, 1963 |
| Otfried Reck | Dec 14, 1944 | Nov 27, 1962 | 17th | Shot near the border after a failed attempt to escape while fleeing from the border guards search party who were now pursuing him |
| Günter Wiedenhöft | Feb 14, 1942 | 5th / 6th December 1962 | 20th | Drowned while trying to escape in the Griebnitzsee in Potsdam , body recovered on March 25, 1963 at Babelsberger Enge |
| Hans Räwel | Dec 11, 1941 | Jan. 1, 1963 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in the Spree near the Oberbaum Bridge |
| Horst Kutscher | July 5, 1931 | Jan 15, 1963 | 31 | Shot while trying to escape - presumably intoxicated - in Berlin-Treptow , in the Altglienicke / Rudower Chaussee / Rudower Straße area; A first escape was successful in 1956, but Kutscher and his family returned to the GDR after a year |
| Peter Kreitlow | Jan 15, 1943 | Jan. 24, 1963 | 20th | Shot while trying to escape in Nieder Neuendorf ; the only dead man who was shot by Soviet soldiers |
| Wolf-Olaf Muszynski | Feb. 1, 1947 | Feb / March 1963 | 16 | Drowned trying to escape; Date of death unclear: missing from February 6, 1963 recovered from the Spree in Kreuzberg at Cuvrystraße 51 |
| Peter Mädler | July 10, 1943 | Apr 26, 1963 | 19th | Shot while trying to escape in the Teltow Canal , opposite Zehlendorf at the level of Kleinmachnower Weg |
| Siegfried Widera | Feb 12, 1941 | 8 Sep 1963 | 22nd | Border soldier killed in service; seriously injured by refugees on August 23, 1963 at the sector border in Johannisthal near the Massante bridge, died on September 8 |
| Klaus Schröter | Feb 21, 1940 | Nov 4, 1963 | 23 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in the Spree between Kronprinzenbrücke and Marschallbrücke and drowned as a result of the gunshot wound |
| Dietmar Schulz | Oct 21, 1939 | Nov 25, 1963 | 24 | During an attempt to escape via the tracks north of the Bornholmer Strasse S-Bahn station, he was hit by a train and died a little later in the People's Police Hospital . |
| Dieter Berger | Oct. 27, 1939 | Dec 13, 1963 | 24 | He climbed heavily drunk at the sector border in Adlershof on the Teltow Canal , near the Wredebrücke, over the border fence, which he climbed down again after warning shots. As he moved away from the border fence, the border troops opened fire and hit him fatally when he was already on the ground; no intention to flee is assumed |
| Paul Schultz | Oct. 2, 1945 | Dec 25, 1963 | 18th | Shot while trying to escape on the sector border between Mitte and Kreuzberg near Melchiorstrasse / Bethaniendamm, died in the West Berlin hospital |
| Walter Hayn | Jan. 31, 1939 | Feb. 27, 1964 | 25th | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in Treptow near the allotment garden "Worry-free" |
| Adolf Philipp | Aug 13, 1943 | 5th May 1964 | 20th | West Berliner, who was shot in the border area to the Spandau Forest on Oberjägerweg when he threatened two border guards with a gas pistol; had previously viewed or entered borders and border areas and probably wanted to plan escape assistance at a later date |
| Walter Heike | Sep 20 1934 | June 22, 1964 | 29 | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border near the Invalidenfriedhof |
| Norbert Wolscht | Oct. 27, 1943 | July 28, 1964 | 20th | Drowned in an attempt to escape with probably self-made diving equipment under unexplained circumstances in the Havel |
| Rainer Gneiser | Nov 10, 1944 | July 28, 1964 | 19th | Drowned in an attempt to escape with probably self-made diving equipment under unexplained circumstances in the Havel |
| Hildegard Trabant | June 12, 1927 | Aug 18, 1964 | 37 | Discovered and shot during an attempt to escape by two members of the GDR border troops in the area of the disused S-Bahn line between the Schönhauser Allee and Gesundbrunnen stations as they fled back towards East Berlin |
| Wernhard Mispelhorn | Nov 10, 1945 | Aug 20, 1964 | 18th | While trying to escape in the garden colony in Schönholz on August 18, 1964 shot and two days later in the hospital of the People's Police died |
| Egon Schultz | Jan. 4, 1943 | Oct 5, 1964 | 21st | Border soldier killed in service; Accidentally shot by comrades in a firefight with escape helpers at the sector border in Berlin-Mitte , Strelitzer Strasse 55 |
| Hans-Joachim Wolf | Aug 8, 1944 | Nov 26, 1964 | 20th | Shot while trying to escape on the sector border in Baumschulenweg, in the Britz branch channel amounting Heidekampgraben |
| Joachim More | Apr 3, 1945 | Dec 3, 1964 | 19th | When attempting to escape in Hohen Neuendorf / Bergfelde, he was initially shot and shot when he was already lying on the ground but was still moving |
| NN | Jan. 19, 1965 | Was seen drowning while trying to escape in the Spree ; Whereabouts of the corpse and identity of the 30-year-old unknown; possibly identical to an unidentified body of water found in West Berlin on July 8, 1965 | ||
| Christian Buttkus | Feb 21, 1944 | March 4, 1965 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape in Kleinmachnow / Dreilinden , near Teerofendamm |
| Ulrich Krzemien | 13 Sep 1940 | March 25, 1965 | 24 | Found on April 13, 1965 in the Spree between the Brommy and Schilling bridges; most likely identical with a possibly intoxicated man who, on March 25, 1965, crossed the Spree near the Osthafen on the sector border between Kreuzberg and Friedrichshain from West Berlin to East Berlin, due to exhaustion, could not climb the East Berlin bank and despite pleading for help drowned under the eyes of an inactive GDR border guard |
| Hans-Peter Hauptmann | March 20, 1939 | May 3, 1965 | 26th | Got into an argument with a border troop in front of his house near the border and grabbed the gun barrel of a border guard; was seriously injured by gunfire on April 24, 1965 at the outer ring in the border area between Potsdam - Babelsberg and West Berlin, whereupon a kidney was removed during an operation; when the other kidney failed, he died on May 3, 1965 |
| Hermann Döbler | Oct 28, 1922 | June 15, 1965 | 42 | West Berlin motorboat driver who unintentionally crossed the border - believed to be 100 meters further away - on the Teltow Canal near the Dreilinden checkpoint and was then shot by GDR border guards |
| Klaus Kratzel | March 3, 1940 | Aug 8, 1965 | 25th | Fatal accident while attempting to escape at the sector border in the S-Bahn tunnel between the Pankow and Schönhauser Allee stations |
| Klaus garden | July 19, 1941 | Aug 18, 1965 | 24 | Fatally injured while attempting to escape in Teltow , near Philipp-Müller-Allee and died in the East Berlin hospital |
| Walter Kittel | May 21, 1942 | Oct 18, 1965 | 23 | Shot at close range while trying to escape in Kleinmachnow when he tried to surrender to the GDR border guards when asked. The act led to the highest sentence in a wall rifle trial in 1992 . |
| Heinz Cyrus | June 5, 1936 | Nov 11, 1965 | 29 | Was discovered while trying to escape on November 10th, fled from the border guards chasing him to the house at Gartenstrasse 85 in Prenzlauer Berg near the border and climbed out of the corridor window on the fourth floor when the surrounded house was searched; fell into the courtyard and died from his injuries in hospital the following morning |
| Heinz Sokolowski | December 17, 1917 | Nov 25, 1965 | 47 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border between the Brandenburg Gate and Clara-Zetkin-Straße |
| Erich Kühn | Feb. 27, 1903 | December 3, 1965 | 62 | Shot in the stomach while attempting to escape on November 26, 1965 at the sector border in the area of the Sonnenallee railway embankment , near the "Eintracht" allotment garden; died of peritonitis in hospital on December 3, 1965 |
| Heinz Schöneberger | June 7, 1938 | Dec 26, 1965 | 27 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border between Mitte and Kreuzberg at the Heinrich-Heine-Straße border checkpoint |
| Dieter Brandes | Oct 23, 1946 | Jan. 11, 1966 | 19th | Shot at while attempting to escape on June 9, 1965 at the sector border in the Nordbahnhof / Gartenstrasse area and killed his severe physical and psychological injuries on January 11, 1966 (circulatory failure) |
| Willi Block | June 5, 1934 | Feb 7, 1966 | 31 | Shot while trying to escape in Staaken , near the border crossing point, when he was already lying on the ground because his clothes were caught in the barbed wire |
| Lothar Schleusener | Jan. 14, 1953 | March 14, 1966 | 13 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in Treptow , allotment garden colony "Sorgefrei" near the Plänterwald S-Bahn station |
| Jörg Hartmann | Oct. 27, 1955 | March 14, 1966 | 10 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in Treptow , allotment garden colony "Sorgefrei" near the Plänterwald S-Bahn station; youngest victim who was shot at the wall |
| Willi Marzahn | June 3, 1944 | March 19, 1966 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape during an exchange of fire between two refugees and the crews of two border watchtowers near Kohlhasenbrück / Steinstücke |
| Eberhard Schulz | March 11, 1946 | March 30, 1966 | 20th | Shot while trying to escape between Kleinmachnow and Königs Wusterhausen ; the fellow refugee was arrested |
| Michael Kollender | Feb. 19, 1945 | Apr 25, 1966 | 21st | Shot at the escape and (as NVA -Soldat) desertion attempt on the sector border in Johannisthal on Teltowkanal ; the riflemen were acquitted in reunified Germany because deserting was a crime under the GDR military law of 1962 |
| Paul Stretz | Feb 28, 1935 | Apr 29, 1966 | 31 | West Berlin, the drunk at the sector border in Berlin-Spandau Canal amounting Invalidenfriedhof bathed; shot by GDR border guards who thought he was a refugee |
| Eduard Wroblewski | March 3, 1933 | July 26, 1966 | 33 | Shot while trying to escape (under alcohol) on the outer ring in Mahlow on the border with Lichtenrade near the former S-Bahn embankment; He managed to escape for the first time in 1952, but returned to the GDR after nine months |
| Heinz Schmidt | Oct. 26, 1919 | Aug 29, 1966 | 46 | West Berliners, who probably swam through the shipping canal north of the Invalidenfriedhof due to mental illness and was shot at and fatally injured by GDR border guards on the way back |
| Andreas Senk | 1960 | 13 Sep 1966 | 6th | Pushed into the Spree by a playmate on the sector border between Kreuzberg and Friedrichshain , near the Oberbaumbrücke , and drowned |
| Karl-Heinz Kube | Apr 10, 1949 | Dec 16, 1966 | 17th | Shot while trying to escape in Kleinmachnow near the Teltower harbor; the fellow refugee was arrested |
| Max Willi Sahmland | March 28, 1929 | Jan. 27, 1967 | 37 | Shot while trying to escape under the influence of alcohol at the sector border in the Teltow Canal in Berlin-Rudow , near Kanalstrasse at the level of the Eternit company, and sunk; Body recovered by the West Berlin water police on March 8, 1967; two fellow refugees gave up and went undetected |
| Franciszek Piesik | Nov 23, 1942 | Oct 17, 1967 | 24 | Drowned while trying to escape in Nieder Neuendorfer See , on the Berlin outer ring between Hennigsdorf (Nauen district) and Berlin-Spandau |
| Elke Weckeiser | Oct. 31, 1945 | Feb. 18, 1968 | 22nd | Shot while trying to escape with Dieter Weckeiser at the sector border across from the Reichstag building near the Kronprinzenbrücke |
| Dieter Weckeiser | Feb 15, 1943 | Feb. 19, 1968 | 25th | Shot on February 18, 1968 while trying to escape with Elke Weckeiser at the sector border opposite the Reichstag building near the Kronprinzenbrücke, died on February 19, 1968; entered the GDR voluntarily with his first wife in 1962 |
| Herbert Mende | Feb 9, 1939 | March 10, 1968 | 29 | Was drunk on July 7, 1962 by people's police in Potsdam at the Glienicker Bridge and had no identity papers with him; when he tried to get on the bus that was waiting for him, he was shot; died 5½ years later of the long-term effects |
| Bernd Lehmann | July 31, 1949 | May 28, 1968 | 18th | Drowned in an attempt to escape in the Spree between Treptow and Kreuzberg in the underwater barrier at the border (barbed wire) |
| Siegfried Krug | July 22, 1939 | July 6, 1968 | 28 | West German who entered the GDR via the Friedrichstrasse border crossing and, for unknown reasons, advanced into the cordoned-off sector border area on Pariser Platz in front of the Brandenburg Gate; ignored warning shouts and shots at first, then turned around and walked close to one of the three border guards threatening him, who shot him |
| Rolf Henniger | Nov 30, 1941 | Nov 15, 1968 | 26th | Border soldier killed in service; shot by the fugitive People's Police Officer Horst Körner in Klein-Glienicke / Babelsberg Palace Park , near the Wasserstraße nursing home; According to relatives, Henniger himself had thoughts of fleeing |
| Horst Koerner | July 12, 1947 | Nov 15, 1968 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape in Klein-Glienicke / Babelsberg Palace Park , near the Wasserstraße nursing home; previously the police officer had opened fire on two border guards who discovered him with his service pistol and killed Rolf Henniger in the process |
| Johannes Lange | Dec 17, 1940 | Apr 9, 1969 | 28 | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border in Berlin-Mitte , in the area of Adalbertstrasse / Leuschnerdamm |
| Klaus-Jürgen Kluge | July 25, 1948 | 13 Sep 1969 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border near the Helmut Just Bridge |
| Leo Lis | May 10, 1924 | Sep 20 1969 | 45 | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border near the north station |
| Eckhard Wehage | July 8, 1948 | March 10, 1970 | 21st | After a failed attempt to escape from East to West Berlin by hijacking an Interflug plane , he and his wife committed suicide . |
| Christel Wehage | Dec 15, 1946 | March 10, 1970 | 23 | After a failed attempt to escape from East to West Berlin by hijacking an Interflug plane, her husband committed suicide. |
| Heinz Müller | May 16, 1943 | June 19, 1970 | 27 | West German who, for unexplained reasons - possibly under the influence of alcohol - got into the barrier on the sector border in Berlin-Friedrichshain near the Schilling Bridge from the West German side and was shot there |
| Willi Born | July 19, 1950 | July 7, 1970 | 19th | Suicide during a failed escape attempt when he was caught by border guards |
| Friedhelm Ehrlich | July 11, 1950 | Aug 2, 1970 | 20th | To NVA convened and most recently serving in a Grenzkompagnie penetrated Ehrlich intoxicated, unarmed and loudly (and a loud whistling..) In the sector border area near Leipziger Strasse / Staerkstraße on the outer ring in Glienicke / Nordbahn (District Oranienburg) a; was posed, is said to have faked a weapon and ordered the border troops to shoot, whereupon a soldier shot him and u. a. met a leg artery; First aid was not given. Ehrlich bled to death after being admitted to the hospital; Intention to flee unclear |
| Gerald Thiem | 6 Sep 1928 | Aug 7, 1970 | 41 | Penetration for unexplained reasons alcoholizes the border from West Berlin to East Berlin; was shot at the sector border between Neukölln and Treptow , Kiefholzstrasse / Höhe Puderstrasse, and died on the way to the East Berlin hospital |
| Helmut Kliem | June 2, 1939 | Nov 13, 1970 | 31 | Accidentally approached - involved in a conversation and under the influence of alcohol - a border facility on the outer ring in Falkensee , district Falkenhöh, near Pestalozzistraße, and was shot while moving away from the facility; his passenger was injured but not charged with illegally crossing the border; Incident in the GDR counted as a (covered up) accident |
| Hans-Joachim Zock | Jan. 26, 1940 | Nov 1970 | 30th | Drowned during an attempt to escape in the Spree between November 14 and 17, 1970. His body was recovered on December 17, 1970 near the Jannowitzbrücke S-Bahn station . |
| Christian-Peter Friese | Aug 5, 1948 | Dec 25, 1970 | 22nd | Shot while attempting to escape at the sector border in Treptow, in the Köllnische Heide / Dammweg area |
| Rolf-Dieter Kabelitz | June 23, 1951 | Jan. 30, 1971 | 19th | Discovered on January 7th when entering the border area on the outer ring between Bergfelde (Oranienburg district) and Reinickendorf and shot and seriously injured after being persecuted back towards the GDR; suffered from a spreading internal infection with attacks of fever and impaired consciousness in the hospital; finally died on January 30 of pneumonia diagnosed that morning; Probable intention to flee, but denied during interrogations in hospital |
| Wolfgang Hoffmann | Sep 1 1942 | 15th July 1971 | 28 | After successfully escaping from the GDR in 1961, tried, presumably intoxicated, to visit her mother, who lived in the GDR, and after being arrested jumped out of a ten meter high window in the police building; Intent to commit suicide unclear, the GDR assumed an accident |
| Werner Kühl | Jan 10, 1949 | July 24, 1971 | 22nd | When trying to secretly cross the border from West Berlin to East Berlin with a friend - presumably for the purpose of settling in the GDR - shot at the sector border in Treptow near the Britzer Allee / Baumschulenweg bridge; Freund was captured in the east and deported to the west on August 30th |
| Dieter Beilig | 5th Sep 1941 | Oct 2, 1971 | 30th | Arrested while balancing on the wall of the sector border in Berlin-Mitte at the Brandenburg Gate and then jumping down into East Berlin; interrogated in the building of the Academy of Arts (NVA leadership point) and, according to GDR border troops, shot dead at close range while trying to escape from the window; was in April 1964 under mysterious circumstances in Stasi prison fall, but from West Germany in 1964 ransomed been |
| Horst Kullack | Nov 20, 1948 | Jan. 21, 1972 | 23 | Shot while trying to escape on January 1, 1972 near Großziethen on the border with Lichtenrade and seriously injured; subsequently declared by the Stasi to be insane for psychiatric reasons and recommended to be admitted to an institution (instead of being charged with illegally crossing the border); died on January 21, 1972 from internal injuries sustained |
| Manfred Weylandt | July 12, 1942 | Feb. 14, 1972 | 29 | When trying to escape under the influence of alcohol at the sector border near the Schilling Bridge in the Spree between Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg , shot with a head shot and then drowned |
| Klaus Schulze | Oct 13, 1952 | March 7, 1972 | 19th | Shot while trying to escape north of Falkensee near Pestalozzistraße, not far from the Eiskeller exclave ; the refugee escaped to the west |
| Cengaver Katrancı | 1963 | Oct. 30, 1972 | 9 | While feeding birds on the sector border between Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg near the Oberbaumbrücke, she fell into the Spree and drowned |
| Holger H. | 1971 | Jan. 22, 1973 | 1 | Choking in the car while fleeing with his parents across the sector border in Berlin |
| Volker Frommann | Apr 23, 1944 | March 5th 1973 | 29 | Attempted to escape on a S-Bahn on March 1, 1973, injured himself seriously while jumping off the train and succumbed to the injuries in hospital four days later |
| Horst Einsiedel | Feb 8, 1940 | March 15, 1973 | 33 | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border at the Pankow cemetery |
| Manfred Gertzki | May 17, 1942 | Apr 27, 1973 | 30th | Shot down at the sector border in Berlin-Mitte , in Reinhardtstrasse near the Reichstag building ; While trying to rescue the lifeless body, a GDR border guard pushed him into the Spree , where he immediately sank due to a jacket that was supposedly bulletproof and reinforced with pieces of metal; it is unclear whether Gertzki died from the shots or only by drowning |
| Siegfried Kroboth | Apr 23, 1968 | May 14, 1973 | 5 | Fallen into the Spree and drowned while playing at the sector border on Kreuzberg's Gröbenufer near the Oberbaum Bridge (West Berlin) |
| Burkhard Niering | Sep 1 1950 | Jan. 5, 1974 | 23 | Shot while attempting to escape with hostage-taking at the sector border at the Friedrichstrasse / Zimmerstrasse border control point ( Checkpoint Charlie ) |
| Czesław Kukuczka | July 23, 1935 | March 29, 1974 | 39 | Polish citizen, murdered by a stranger at the Friedrichstrasse railway station border crossing when he was about to leave East Berlin with an exit visa that had been extorted by the representation of Poland in the GDR through a bomb threat. |
| Johannes Sprenger | December 3, 1905 | May 10, 1974 | 68 | Shot while entering the sector border area in Berlin-Altglienicke , near Hornkleepfad, between Treptow and Neukölln . Intention to flee is unlikely because the pensioner was legally allowed to travel to West Germany and had already done so twice. He had health problems due to lung cancer (but did not know the exact diagnosis). Because of this and because of the farewell words to his wife, the MfS and, after reunification, the Berlin district court ( wall rifle trials ) assumed suicide. |
| Giuseppe Savoca | Apr 22, 1968 | June 15, 1974 | 6th | Fallen into the Spree and drowned while playing at the sector border on Gröbenufer in Kreuzberg (West Berlin) |
| Herbert Halli | Nov 24, 1953 | Apr 3, 1975 | 21st | Shot while trying to escape under the influence of alcohol at the sector border in Berlin-Mitte , Zimmer- / Otto-Grotewohl-Straße ; walked back towards the GDR after a warning shot, shot dead by a border guard; succumbed to the injuries in hospital |
| Çetin Mert | May 11, 1970 | May 11, 1975 | 5 | Fallen into the Spree and drowned while playing at the sector border on Gröbenufer in Kreuzberg (West Berlin) |
| Herbert Kiebler | March 24, 1952 | June 27, 1975 | 23 | Shot while trying to escape at the outer ring in Mahlow on the border with Lichtenrade , west of trunk road 96 |
| Lothar Hennig | June 30, 1954 | Nov 5, 1975 | 21st | Shot on November 4, 1975 in Potsdam / Sacrow , Weinmeisterweg, when he ran home from the bus stop near the border and, according to the rifle's testimony, ignored warning calls and a warning shot; died on November 5, 1975 in the Potsdam-Drewitz army hospital ; the shooter was assigned as a special item to search for a GDR refugee (not related to Hennig) |
| Dietmar Schwietzer | Feb 21, 1958 | Feb 16, 1977 | 18th | Shot while trying to escape in Schönwalde, Berliner Allee |
| Henri way | July 13, 1954 | May 1977 | 22nd | Probably drowned in the Spree under unexplained circumstances on May 17, 1977 and found on July 27, 1977; Previous applications to leave the country and wishes to leave the country suggest an attempt to escape |
| Vladimir Odintsov | 1960 | Feb. 2, 1979 | 18th | Deserter Soviet soldier shot dead while trying to escape to the village road in Seeburg on the outer ring between Seeburg (Dallgow) and Spandau |
| Ulrich Steinhauer | March 13, 1956 | Nov 4, 1980 | 24 | Border soldier killed in service; Shot by a fleeing comrade in Schönwalde / Nauen district |
| Marienetta Jirkowsky | Aug 25, 1962 | Nov 22, 1980 | 18th | Shot while trying to escape in Hohen Neuendorf , near the Invalidensiedlung / Florastraße; two fellow refugees managed to escape |
| Hans-Peter Grohganz | 25 Sep 1948 | Feb 9, 1981 | 32 | Car driver from Premnitz . After his application to leave the country was rejected and he was imprisoned, he tried to cross the Spree to West Berlin. His lifeless body was discovered 800 meters west of the Elsen Bridge . |
| Johannes Muschol | May 31, 1949 | March 16, 1981 | 31 | West German who most likely jumped into the death strip on the sector border between Wilhelmsruh and Schönholz because of mental confusion and tried to flee towards the GDR; Shot from close range when he was unable to climb a three meter high wall |
| Hans-Jürgen Starrost | June 24, 1954 | Apr 16, 1981 | 26th | Shot while attempting to escape early in the morning of April 14, 1981 in Teltow-Sigridshorst and seriously injured in the abdomen; was first interrogated, then taken to an army hospital in Potsdam without an intensive care unit; finally transferred to the district hospital, death there on April 16 |
| Thomas Taubmann | July 22, 1955 | Dec 12, 1981 | 26th | Tried to escape by train and had a fatal accident while jumping off the train |
| Lothar Fritz Freie | Feb 8, 1955 | June 6, 1982 | 27 | West Berliners who, for unexplained reasons, ran bare-chested on the GDR border area in Prenzlauer Berg between Bornholmer Strasse / Behmstrasse, near the Helmut Just Bridge; when he fled west after a phone call, shot on June 4, 1982, died on June 6, 1982 |
| Silvio Proksch | March 3, 1962 | Dec 25, 1983 | 21st | Shot at the sector border in Pankow am Bürgerpark near Leonhard-Frank-Straße while trying to escape spontaneously under the influence of alcohol |
| Michael-Horst Schmidt | Oct. 20, 1964 | Dec. 1, 1984 | 20th | Shot while trying to escape at the sector border in Pankow , Wollankstrasse / Schulzestrasse 23–24 and bleeding to death in the hospital |
| Rainer Liebeke | Sep 11 1951 | 3rd Sep 1986 | 34 | Drowned while trying to escape in the Sacrower See on the outer ring between Groß Glienicke (Potsdam-Land) and Berlin-Spandau; the body was found by students a week later |
| Manfred Mäder | 23 Aug 1948 | Nov 21, 1986 | 38 | Shot while trying to escape with René Gross at the sector border in Treptow , in the Karpfenteichstraße area |
| René Gross | May 1, 1964 | Nov 21, 1986 | 22nd | Shot while trying to escape with Manfred Mäder at the sector border in Treptow , in the Karpfenteichstraße area |
| Michael Bittner | Aug 31, 1961 | Nov 24, 1986 | 25th | Shot while trying to escape in Glienicke / Nordbahn, Nohlstrasse |
| Lutz Schmidt | July 8, 1962 | Feb 12, 1987 | 24 | Shot while trying to escape on the Berlin sector border between Treptow and Berlin-Neukölln , in the Rheingoldstrasse / Rehpfuhl settlement area, near the Rudower Chaussee border crossing point |
| Ingolf Diederichs | Apr 13, 1964 | Jan. 13, 1989 | 24 | Fatal accident at the sector border in the area of Bösebrücke / Bornholmer Strasse border crossing point while attempting to escape by jumping out of an S-Bahn |
| Chris Gueffroy | June 21, 1968 | Feb. 5, 1989 | 20th | Shot while trying to escape in Berlin-Treptow, near the "Harmonie" allotment garden colony on the Britzer Zweigkanal |
| Winfried Freudenberg | Aug 29, 1956 | March 8, 1989 | 32 | Perished in a balloon crash over West Berlin |
Source: Chronicle of the Wall - published by the Federal Agency for Civic Education , Deutschlandradio and the Center for Contemporary History Research in Potsdam.
statistics
There are various statistics that not only try to determine the number of deaths at the wall, but also particularly endeavor to document the life stories and circumstances of all those who died at the wall, as well as other specifics of the deaths, etc. a. through various case group formations.
Overview of the deaths in the period from August 13, 1961 to 1989 by year:
Overview of the number of refugees in the period from August 13, 1961 to 1989 by year (no figures are available for the years without a value):
literature
- Heiner Sauer, Hans-Otto Plumeyer: The Salzgitter Report. The central registration office reports on crimes in the SED state. Munich, ISBN 3-7628-0497-4 .
- Werner Filmer , Heribert Schwan : Victims of the Wall. Bertelsmann, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-570-02319-2 .
- Hans-Hermann Hertle , Maria Nooke : The victims of the Berlin Wall 1961–1989. A biographical manual. 2009, ISBN 3-86153-517-3 . (Preview at google books: books.google.de )
Web links
Commons : Fatalities at the Berlin Wall - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
- Building the Wall in Berlin: Dying to the End . Spiegel Online ; about the dead at the Berlin Wall, but also about the refugees killed on the border between the GDR and Poland and on the borders of the ČSSR and Bulgaria .
- Number of victims and project description at chronik-der-mauer.de
Individual evidence
- ^ The Fatalities at the Berlin Wall 1961–1989. Berlin Wall Memorial , accessed on November 17, 2018 . It is an update of the list published in 2009 by Hans-Hermann Hertle , Maria Nooke: Die Todopfer an der Berliner Mauer 1961–1989. A biographical manual. Links, Berlin 2009, ISBN 3-86153-517-3 .
- ↑ Hans-Hermann Hertle: The Fatalities on the Berlin Wall 1961–1989 . 2009, p. 18 f.
- ↑ Hans-Hermann Hertle , Maria Nooke : The victims of the Berlin Wall 1961-1989. A biographical manual. Links, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-86153-517-1 , p. 15.
- ^ Fatality Hans-Joachim Zock . chronik-der-mauer.de
- ^ Czesław Jan Kukuczka died . chronik-der-mauer.de
- ↑ Fatality Vladimir Ivanovich Odintsov . chronik-der-mauer.de
- ↑ Chronicle of the Wall . Center for Contemporary History Potsdam e. V., Federal Agency for Civic Education , Deutschlandradio . Retrieved July 18, 2019.
- ↑ cf. also chronicle of the wall
- ↑ See Hans-Hermann Hertle , Maria Nooke : Die Todopfer an der Berliner Mauer 1961–1989 . Results of a research project by the Center for Contemporary History Potsdam and the Berlin Wall Foundation, p. 4; Link to Chronicle of the Wall
- ↑ Building the Berlin Wall: Dying to the End . Spiegel Online .