Berlin Friedrichstrasse train station

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Berlin Friedrichstrasse
West view from Schiffbauerdamm over the Spree with the Spreedreieck building and the Berlin TV tower on Alexanderplatz
West view from Schiffbauerdamm over the Spree with the Spreedreieck building and the Berlin TV tower on Alexanderplatz
Data
Location in the network Crossing station
Design Through station
Platform tracks 4 (long-distance train)
2 (S-Bahn, above)
2 (S-Bahn, below)
2 (U-Bahn, below)
abbreviation BFRI (long-distance train)
BFST (S-Bahn, above)
BFSTT (S-Bahn, below)
IBNR 8011306 (long-distance train)
8089066 (S-Bahn)
Price range 2
opening February 7, 1882
Website URL sbahn.berlin
Architectural data
architect Johannes Vollmer
location
City / municipality Berlin
Place / district center
country Berlin
Country Germany
Coordinates 52 ° 31 '13 "  N , 13 ° 23' 13"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '13 "  N , 13 ° 23' 13"  E
Railway lines
Railway stations in Berlin
i16 i16 i18

The Berlin Friedrichstrasse train station is a station of the Deutsche Bahn in the district center of Berlin on the light rail between the eponymous Friedrichstrasse and the River Spree . The crossing station belongs with daily 220,000 passengers to over 80 stations the second highest price category  2 of DB Station & Service . In terms of passenger numbers in regional traffic, the Friedrichstrasse station was in second place in 2018, behind Ostkreuz .

In the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB), the Friedrichstraße station is a stop for both regional and S-Bahn trains and also includes the BVG underground station of the same name . Due to its central location in the federal capital near the Unter den Linden boulevard , the Brandenburg Gate and the Reichstag building , it is a popular starting point for tourists who can change to inner-city transport by bus and tram .

Regional and S-Bahn stop above ground at a total of three platforms, which are designated as A, B, C from south to north . The platforms are located on the Stadtbahn viaduct and are spanned by a larger (regional train) and a smaller station hall (S-Bahn). The north-south tunnel (on the western side under the Reichstagufer ) crosses underground with platform  D of the S-Bahn, and the U6 underground line with the train station on the eastern side under Friedrichstrasse.

At the time of the division of Germany , the Friedrichstrasse station was one of the most important border crossing points between East and West Berlin .

history

Emergence

South side of the station around 1885

In 1878, construction of the station began on a plot of land between Friedrichstrasse and the Spree, according to plans by Johannes Vollmer . The architect was also entrusted with the construction of the Hackescher Markt train station. Just like the entire viaduct route planned by Ernst Dircksen , the Friedrichstrasse station was built on brick arches, between and under which access to the platform stairs was possible. The station had two platforms, each with two directional tracks and a large arched platform hall over half-timbered girders of different spans that arched the curve of the route . The main entrance was on the north side, while the cabs stopped on the triangular southern forecourt. Lines and structures were opened on February 7, 1882 for the suburban railway (later S-Bahn) and on May 15 of the same year for the long-distance railway as Centralbahnhof Friedrichstrasse .

Reconstruction and extensions

North side of the station in 1926, after the renovation

As the station was already too small for long-distance traffic due to the rapidly growing traffic before the First World War , it was gradually demolished and rebuilt in an expanded form from 1914 onwards. The building structures were considerably reinforced, and a new, slightly raised platform was built on the north side for the suburban tracks. Two direction platforms were thus available for the long-distance railway . The steel, laterally glazed double hall was built between 1919 and 1925 according to plans by Carl Theodor Brodführer . On the north side under the tram viaduct, the station was given two stepped entrance buildings in an expressionist style. The outer wall surfaces of the north facade were clad with dark glazed clinker bricks, while the corners consisted of rounded shaped stones . In contrast, the entire south facade was only plastered until it was also clinkered in the last thorough renovation in 1999 and was given glass canopies over the entrances.

During this time, construction was already taking place underground: On January 30, 1923, the underground station of the first large-profile line was completed (then line C, now line U6 ), creating an underground system of corridors on the east side under Friedrichstrasse.

In 1928 the suburban railways changed to the Berlin S-Bahn .

1933–1945: Period of National Socialism

In the early 1930s, the station became a construction site again when the north-south tunnel of the Berlin S-Bahn was driven under the western end of the platform halls. In time for the Olympic Games in July 1936, the underground section of the Friedrichstrasse S-Bahn station was opened as part of the new tunnel route from Gesundbrunnen station to the next Unter den Linden S-Bahn station . The Friedrichstrasse station thus developed into the center of the Berlin S-Bahn network with a large number of passengers changing between the east-west and north-south lines. At the same time, the underground station received the yellow wall tiles , whose externally identical successors still determine its appearance today.

The importance of the Friedrichstraße station increased further from the end of 1939, when the southern suburban lines of the S-Bahn could also be led through the extended north-south tunnel.

At the end of the Second World War , on April 21, 1945 during the Battle of Berlin, the S-Bahn traffic on the platforms of the north-south tunnel was suspended. Six days before the end of the war, the north-south S-Bahn tunnel was flooded on May 2, 1945: after the tunnel ceiling under the Landwehr Canal south of the Anhalter Bahnhof had been blown up , the water from the Landwehr Canal spilled into the north-south tunnel and flowed at Friedrichstrasse station via the transition to the north-south subway (today's U6 line ), which opened just a few years earlier, also to large parts of the Berlin subway tunnel network. Of the 63.3 kilometers of the underground tunnel at that time, around 19.8 kilometers were flooded by over a million cubic meters of water. (see: Berlin U-Bahn / History: The U-Bahn under water )

In the summer of 1945 one of the most remote tracks was Berlin light rail for a short time on Russian broad gauge umgespurt : Josef Stalin traveled here by train to Potsdam Conference . The first S-Bahn service on the Stadtbahn did not resume until October 19, 1945. The flooded north-south S-Bahn tunnel, with much more severe damage, could only be put back into operation on June 2, 1946. The underground system could be pumped out in June 1945 after the connecting tunnel in Friedrichstrasse station was closed.

1945–1961: post-war years

Friedrichstrasse station in the evening hours, 1950
Do 56 buses at Friedrichstrasse station, 1964

The advancing division of Berlin soon had an impact on Friedrichstrasse station. In 1953, long-distance platform B was prepared for use with S-Bahn trains. This gave a total of four S-Bahn tracks. For example, the GDR government was able to better control travel between the Soviet and British sectors of the city and, if necessary, block them entirely. The time of “illegal” emigration from the territory of the GDR began - for only 20  pfennigs , that was the cost of a ticket to the next train station in the western part of Berlin, the then still existing Lehrter Stadtbahnhof . During this time, numerous observation and command towers were built at the border station, in February 1951 on platform B and in spring 1955 on platform C. The abrupt division of Berlin on August 13, 1961 as a result of the building of the Berlin Wall severed the connections between Friedrichstrasse station and West Berlin . This is how the train station gained its notoriety.

GDR border crossing point

Handling of visitors from the west according to the pass agreement on the south side of the station in October 1964
Information board for entry (separation of nationalities)
Border clearance areas in Friedrichstrasse station

Immediately after August 13, 1961, the day the Berlin Wall was erected, the station was divided into several areas after a provisionally organized transition phase, which were gradually structurally separated by walls and false ceilings:

The underground facilities with the platforms of the S-Bahn (lines Wannsee - Frohnau , Lichterfelde South - Heiligensee and Lichtenrade - Gesundbrunnen ) and subway ( Alt-Mariendorf - Alt-Tegel ) were only passengers available, from the West came . They could only be used to change trains, to shop at the Intershop kiosks and to access the border crossing point . The subway platform could only be reached via a long connecting corridor from the subterranean S-Bahn platform.

At this connecting corridor near the exit to the subway platform there was the so-called “service crossing” for employees of the Deutsche Reichsbahn , which also served to smuggle in agents and to allow KPD and SEW officials to pass unobserved . By showing an agreed number plate at the border guards' post, it was possible to cross over to East Berlin or in the opposite direction without establishing one's identity and without customs control . After passing the lock, the agents were received by their contact persons on the East Berlin side. Insiders called this transition the “Ho Chi Minh Path” based on the secret route of the same name in Vietnam .

The wanted RAF terrorists Inge Viett , Monika Berberich , Gabriele Rollnik and Juliane Plambeck moved through this agent lock on July 7, 1976 , and Till Meyer on May 27, 1978, to the GDR, the HVA defector Werner Stiller fled this way on May 18 , 1978 January 1979 in the direction of West Berlin.

Until 1984 there was a BVB (East) ticket office at the exit to the subway platform. Tickets were sold at the S-Bahn tariff (West) for the U- and S-Bahn. These cards were recognized by the BVG (West) in the underground network; they were not valid for changing to the BVG buses. Passengers from East Berlin could only gain access to the west after passing the border controls .

The aboveground system was divided between platforms B and C by a wall made of profiled glass, later made of metal plates, reaching up to the ceiling. This wall actually fulfilled the function of the Berlin Wall . The view of Friedrichstrasse was also blocked by obstructing glass and posters. In the station building there were thus two separate stations without direct contact.

On the west side (in the larger hall to the south) there were two platforms. Platform B was used as the terminus of the West Berlin S-Bahn lines to Wannsee and Staaken . The tracks ended at buffer stops at the eastern end of the platform. Platform A served passenger trains as initial and terminal station in transit with the Federal Republic, as well as a stop for trains and coaches of zoo station to Ostbahnhof (1987-1998: Central Station ) and continue as normal-D trains to Warnemünde - Copenhagen , Sassnitz - Malmö - Stockholm or Prague - Vienna . The long-distance trains all stopped at Friedrichstrasse station, but not for boarding travelers from the eastern part of the city. These could only board the trains coming from the western part of Berlin at the Ostbahnhof. For the transit trains from the west, the station was the end point; they drove on to the Berlin-Rummelsburg storage station without passengers .

On the east side (in the smaller hall to the north), platform C of the East Berlin S-Bahn served as the head station for trains going east, from and to Erkner , Königs Wusterhausen , Strausberg Nord , Ahrensfelde , Wartenberg and to Berlin Airport. Schönefeld . This platform was massively secured against border breaches. Thus, the S-Bahn tracks were both subsystems separated, the sweeping track  7 of Ostsystems on the west side was allowed only in exceptional circumstances and with the approval of the commander of the border crossing point are used (the vehicle replacing the S-Bahn just across the equipped with busbar remote railroad was possible ), track closures in the long-distance tracks prevented unauthorized journeys towards the border. There was an observation box under the hall roof, video surveillance, dog handlers and presumably undercover agents .

Due to the location in the historical center of Berlin with numerous shops, offices, government buildings, embassies, hotels, administrations and cultural institutions ( Friedrichstadt-Palast , Metropol-Theater , Staatsoper , Berliner Ensemble , Deutsches Theater , Museuminsel ) and as a border station there was one here enormous passenger volume.

The actual border crossing was on the spacious mezzanine floor (at ground level). These were passport control units (three times per border crossing), customs control , waiting rooms (waiting times between 15 minutes and several hours were common), interrogation rooms , detention cells and offices (comparison of personal documents with wanted lists , registration of border crossings), cash register for visa fee / entry fee and exchange office for the Minimum exchange . In addition, here were the crossings between the western platforms and the exit to East Berlin after the entry border control.

In the initial phase, entry and exit controls were housed in the station facilities. Since the conditions soon became too cramped, a separate building for border control (passport and customs control) was built on the station forecourt to clear the exit from the GDR. The vernacular coined the name Tränenpalast for this building , because it was here that visitors to the West would say goodbye to their GDR relatives before returning home.

In front of the border inspection post, there was a division according to nationality. There were separate check-in counters for:

Citizens from the Federal Republic and from “other states” could enter East Berlin directly on presentation of their passport , West Berliners had to first obtain a “ certificate of authorization to receive a GDR visa in one of the five offices for visiting and travel matters in the western part of the city ” "Apply.

Counters were merged during low traffic times. After passport control, a short connecting corridor led into the station building and on to the platforms to the west.

For some West Berliners, the station was attractive at the time for another reason: there were Intershops on the distribution level and on the S-Bahn platforms . On the journey in the western S-Bahn and U-Bahn network (through the ghost stations ) you could get off and change trains here without having to pass the border control. It was possible to buy spirits, cigarettes, luxury goods and cosmetics cheaply for “ West money ”. There were also press products from the GDR and other GDR products (arts and crafts, books, records) to buy. This was also known to the customs investigation in West Berlin, so that mobile control groups, both in civilian clothes on the railways themselves and in uniform, carried out spot checks at the first train stations in the western part of the city.

From 1985 to 1987 the boarded central lantern in the long-distance railway hall was opened and glazed. At the same time, girders for an access system for inspection purposes were installed under the ceiling and the lighting was renewed. The steel components were given a new coat of paint.

At least 227 people died of natural causes during the border controls at Friedrichstrasse station during the time of the Berlin Wall. Mostly these were heart attacks due to stress .

After the political change

After the political turnaround , the S-Bahn tracks on platform C were rebuilt for through traffic by July 1990, which could already be started on July 2, 1990. The fixtures built in the station and reception hall during the GDR era were removed as well as the steel privacy screen that was inserted between the two platform halls .

The north-south tunnel was renovated from August 1991 to February 1992 . After the originally planned partial maintenance of operations during the construction work had proven to be impractical, mainly because of the dust pollution, the tunnel was completely closed. Between October 1995 and September 1, 1999, the tram and the entire reception hall on the ground floor as well as the platforms and the platform halls were extensively renovated. Deutsche Bahn invested 220 million marks (adjusted for purchasing power in today's currency: around 150 million euros) in the renovation of the former border station. The facades were restored with glazed terracotta stones in accordance with the listed building standards , and now the facade on the south side was clinkered for the first time and an additional transition tunnel to the U6 with elevators was created. Among other things, areas for 50 shops were created on the 5200 m² area of the station.

In 1924, the Friw signal box at the west and the Frio command box at the east head of the station were built on the Stadtbahn . The two-story buildings had a cantilevered hipped roof , they were structured by a surrounding cornice and plastered. In the course of the modernization, the Friw signal box was demolished in 1996 and the Frio signal box in 1998. Since then, the long-distance train section has been controlled by the electronic signal box (ESTW) in the operations center in Berlin-Pankow , and the S-Bahn operations by the ESTW Halensee .

Some of the renovation work was carried out improperly, so that in December 2012 a piece of concrete weighing around 25 kilograms came loose and the ceiling paneling of the reception hall broke through. Nobody was injured, but major repairs had to be carried out as a result.

Since 1999, stop at the platforms A and B again regional express trains and regional trains in the direction of operation. In 2002 the north-south tunnel was renovated again. The last memories of the GDR (in the form of the gray-green wall cladding and the worn-out platform equipment) have disappeared here.

On the S-Bahn platforms of the Stadtbahn and in the tunnel, train handling has been carried out by the driver using a driver's cab monitor (ZAT-FM) since spring 2016 ,

Memorial for Kindertransport

Under the title Trains into Life - Trains into Death: 1938–1939 , a memorial was erected on November 30, 2008 in front of the Friedrichstrasse station on Dorothea-Schlegel-Platz for the 10,000 Jewish children rescued in 1938 and 1939 who were killed by traveled here from and from other stations with the so-called “ Kindertransporten ” to London . In addition to the sculptor Frank Meisler - himself a child of this rescue operation - over 50 other contemporary witnesses from Germany, Great Britain , Israel , Austria , Switzerland and the USA were present at the inauguration.

traffic

line Line course platform Clock in the peak hours
RE HBX Harz-Berlin-Express
Berlin Ostbf -Berlin Friedrichstrasse -Berlin -Potsdam -Magdeburg -Halberstadt (train division) -Quedlinburg -Thale /Wernigerode -Vienenburg -Goslar
FROM individual trains
RE 1 Magdeburg - Brandenburg  - Potsdam - Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Fürstenwalde (Spree)  - Frankfurt (Oder)  (- Cottbus ) FROM every half hour
RE 2 Wismar  - Schwerin  - Wittenberge  - Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Königs Wusterhausen  - Lübben (Spreew)  - Cottbus FROM hourly
RE 7 Dessau  - Bad Belzig  - Beelitz-Heilstätten  - Michendorf  - Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Berlin-Schönefeld Airport  - Rangsdorf  - Zossen - Wünsdorf-Waldstadt FROM hourly
RB 14 Nauen  - Berlin-Spandau  - Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Berlin-Schönefeld Airport FROM hourly
RB 21 Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Berlin-Charlottenburg  - Berlin-Wannsee  - Potsdam - Golm  - Wustermark FROM hourly
RB 22 Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Berlin-Charlottenburg - Berlin-Wannsee - Potsdam - Golm - Saarmund  - Berlin-Schönefeld Airport - Koenigs Wusterhausen FROM hourly
Berlin S1.svg Oranienburg  - Lehnitz  - Borgsdorf  - Birkenwerder  - Hohen Neuendorf  - Frohnau  - Hermsdorf  - Waidmannslust  - Wittenau (Wilhelmsruher dam)  - Wilhelmsruh  - Schönholz  - Wollankstraße  - Bornholmer Strasse  - Gesundbrunnen  - Humboldt Park  - North Station  - Oranienburgerstraße  - Friedrichstrasse  - Brandenburg Gate  - Potsdamer Platz  - pickup Train station  - Yorckstraße (Großgörschenstraße)  - Julius-Leber-Brücke  - Schöneberg  - Friedenau  - Feuerbachstraße  - Steglitz town hall  - Botanical Garden  - Lichterfelde West  - Sundgauer Straße  - Zehlendorf  - Mexikoplatz  - Schlachtensee  - Nikolassee  - Wannsee D. 10 min
Berlin S2.svg Bernau  - Bernau-Friedenstal  - Zepernick  - Röntgen Valley  - Buch  - Karow  - Blankenburg  - Pankow-Heinersdorf  - Pankow  - Bornholmer Straße  - Gesundbrunnen  - Humboldthain  - Nordbahnhof  - Oranienburger Straße  - Friedrichstraße  - Brandenburg Gate  - Potsdamer Platz  - Anhalter Bahnhof  - Yorckstraße  - Südkreuz  - Priesterweg  - Attilastraße - Marienfelde  - Buckower Chaussee  - Schichauweg  - Lichtenrade  - Mahlow  - Blankenfelde D. 10 min
Berlin S25.svg Hennigsdorf  - Heiligensee  - Schulzendorf  - Tegel  - Eichborndamm  - Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik  - Alt-Reinickendorf  - Schönholz  - Wollankstrasse  - Bornholmer Strasse  - Gesundbrunnen  - Humboldthain  - Nordbahnhof  - Oranienburger Strasse  - Friedrichstrasse  - Brandenburg Gate  - Potsdamer Platz  - Anhalter Bahnhof  - Yorckstrasse  - Südkreuz  - Priesterweg  - Südende  - Lankwitz  - Lichterfelde Ost  - Osdorfer Straße  - Lichterfelde Süd  - Teltow Stadt D. 20 min
Berlin S26.svg Waidmannslust  - Wittenau (Wilhelmsruher dam)  - Wilhelmsruh  - Schönholz  - Wollankstraße  - Bornholmer Strasse  - Gesundbrunnen  - Humboldt Park  - North Station  - Oranienburgerstraße  - Friedrichstrasse  - Brandenburg Gate  - Potsdamer Platz  - Anhalt station  - Yorckstraße  - Southern Cross  - Priesterweg  - south end  - Lankwitz  - Lichterfelde Ost  - Osdorfer Strasse  - Lichterfelde south  - Teltow city D. 20 min
Berlin S3.svg Spandau  - Stresow  - Pichelsberg  - Olympiastadion  - Heerstraße  - Messe Süd  - Westkreuz  - Charlottenburg  - Savignyplatz  - Zoological Garden  - Tiergarten  - Bellevue  - Central Station  - Friedrichstraße  - Hackescher Markt  - Alexanderplatz  - Jannowitzbrücke  - Ostbahnhof  - Warschauer Straße  - Ostkreuz  - Rummelsburg  - Rummelsburg depot  - Karlshorst  - Wuhlheide  - Köpenick  - Hirschgarten  - Friedrichshagen  - Rahnsdorf  - Wilhelmshagen  - Erkner C. 20 min
Berlin S5.svg Westkreuz  - Charlottenburg  - Savignyplatz  - Zoological Garden  - Tiergarten  - Bellevue  - Central Station  - Friedrichstraße  - Hackescher Markt  - Alexanderplatz  - Jannowitzbrücke  - Ostbahnhof  - Warschauer Straße  - Ostkreuz  - Nöldnerplatz  - Lichtenberg  - Friedrichsfelde East  - Biesdorf  - Wuhletal  - Kaulsdorf  - Mahlsdorf  - Birkenstein  - Hoppegarten  - Neuenhagen  - Fredersdorf  - Petershagen North  - Strausberg  - Hegermühle  - Strausberg City  - Strausberg North C. 10 min
Berlin S7.svg Potsdam Central Station  - Babelsberg  - Griebnitzsee  - Wannsee  - Nikolassee  - Grunewald  - Westkreuz  - Charlottenburg  - Savignyplatz  - Zoological Garden  - Tiergarten  - Bellevue  - Central Station  - Friedrichstrasse  - Hackescher Markt  - Alexanderplatz  - Jannowitzbrücke  - Ostbahnhof  - Warschauer Strasse  - Ostkreuz  - Nöldnerplatz  - Lichtenberg  - Friedrichsfelde Ost  - Springpfuhl  - Poelchaustraße  - Marzahn  - Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße  - Mehrower Allee  - Ahrensfelde C. 10 min
Berlin S9.svg Spandau  - Stresow  - Pichelsberg  - Olympiastadion  - Heerstraße  - Messe Süd  - Westkreuz  - Charlottenburg  - Savignyplatz  - Zoological Garden  - Tiergarten  - Bellevue  - Hauptbahnhof  - Friedrichstraße  - Hackescher Markt  - Alexanderplatz  - Jannowitzbrücke  - Ostbahnhof  - Warschauer Straße  - Treptower Park  - Plänterwald  - Baumschulenweg  - Schöneweide  - Schöneweide depot  - Adlershof  - Altglienicke  - Grünbergallee  - Berlin-Schönefeld Airport C. 20 min
Berlin U6.svg Alt-Tegel  - Borsigwerke  - Holzhauser Straße  - Otisstraße  - Scharnweberstraße  - Kurt-Schumacher-Platz  - African Straße  - Rehberge  - Seestraße  - Leopoldplatz  - Wedding  - Reinickendorfer Straße  - Schwartzkopffstraße  - Natural History Museum  - Oranienburger Tor  - Friedrichstraße  - Französische Straße  - Stadtmitte  - Kochstraße  - Hallesches Gate  - Mehringdamm  - Platz der Luftbrücke  - Paradestrasse  - Tempelhof  - Alt-Tempelhof  - Kaiserin-Augusta-Strasse  - Ullsteinstrasse  - Westphalweg  - Alt-Mariendorf 04 min

Subway station

Friedrichstraße underground station with glass station signs and class C train , 1956
Friedrichstrasse underground station
Multimedia advertising projectors and advertising spaces in the subway station

The Friedrichstrasse underground station was opened on January 30, 1923 on the north-south subway with the name Bahnhof Friedrichstrasse . As early as September 15, 1924, it was given the name Stadtbahn (Friedrichstrasse) , and was renamed on February 1, 1936. Since February 1976, it has only been called Friedrichstrasse . By 1928 at the latest, the north-south subway was given the line designation "C", and on March 1, 1966, the designation "Line 6". On January 9, 1984 in West Berlin the previous line numbers were preceded by a "U".

The station is part of the large-profile network, it is located in north-south direction under Friedrichstrasse. The foundations of the light rail at the east end of the long-distance train station were endangered by the construction of the subway and were secured, in some cases underpinned and lowered deeper. The suburban and long-distance train station is crossed almost at right angles from the southern part of the subway station. Immediately to the north of the station, a moor lens is crossed over a length of 60 meters , which only showed a stable soil at a depth of 29 meters.

Between the two directional tracks of the underground station, there is a central platform with entrances at the ends of the platform because of the subsequent underpassing of the Spree at a depth of one and a half . It is 6.65 meters below street level and is seven meters wide, its length was originally about 80 meters. The northern access with two stairs to the sidewalks was opened on February 1, 1936, it replaced two stairs one behind the other that led to the middle of the street. On that day, the connecting corridor to the north-south S-Bahn went into operation. Yellow tiles replace the green plastered walls of the station. The new station signs were embedded in the walls, they were made of opal glass and were illuminated from the inside.

At the end of April 1945, the subway was stopped. On May 2, 1945, the tunnel ceiling of the north-south S-Bahn under the Landwehr Canal was blown up by the SS . The penetrating water flowed through the connecting corridor to the Friedrichstrasse subway station and flooded subway line C. It was only on July 12, 1945 that operations could be resumed.

After the construction of the Berlin Wall , the underground station was on one of the "transit lines" of the West Berlin network that ran through East Berlin. All entrances to the surface were blocked on August 13, 1961 and later bricked up. Only the connecting corridor to the station of the north-south S-Bahn remained open and allowed West Berliners to change trains " extraterritorial " and later to enter the eastern part of the city. At that time, the station was the only one on the West U-Bahn below East Berlin that was not used as a “ ghost station ” without stopping.

After the abolition of border controls on July 2, 1990, the entrances were exposed and reopened. Between September 1992 and June 1995 the platform was extended to the south to allow the use of 6-car trains. The back track walls of the new section were plastered and painted white; since 2010 they have been presented in white throughout the station. The advertising posters were removed, and advertising has since been projected directly onto the walls via several projectors .

literature

  • Reichsbahnoberbaurat Woltmann: The new platform halls at the Friedrichstrasse station in Berlin . In: Der Bauingenieur , 6th year, issue 9, May 10, 1925, pp. 321–329.
  • Michael Magercord: End of the line at the border - Friedrichstrasse station . Berlin 1986, Erfurt, September 2009.
  • Harald Neckelmann: Friedrichstrasse Berlin at the beginning of the 20th century . Berlin Story Verlag Berlin, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86368-069-5
  • On Women's Day, the border troops distributed cut flowers . In: Berliner Zeitung , November 17, 1999 - Description of the former border crossing point in the train station

Web links

Commons : Bahnhof Berlin Friedrichstrasse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Station price list 2020. In: Deutsche Bahn. Deutsche Bahn, January 1, 2020, accessed on July 10, 2020 .
  2. Berlin S-Bahn transports half a billion passengers. In: Der Tagesspiegel . April 3, 2019, accessed April 4, 2019 .
  3. ^ Author collective: The Berlin S-Bahn social history of an industrial means of transport . Aesthetics and Communication e. V., 1982, ISBN 978-3-88245-105-4 , p. 56 ff.
  4. ^ Peter Neumann: Berlin's train stations - yesterday this morning . 1st edition. Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89773-079-0 , p. 24 .
  5. ^ A b Jürgen Meyer-Kronthaler, Wolfgang Kramer: Berlin's S-Bahnhöfe. Three quarters of a century . 2nd Edition. be.bra verlag GmbH, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-930863-60-X , p. 85 .
  6. Hans-Hermann Hertle: The Death Victims on the Berlin Wall 1961–1989 , 2009, pp. 471–472.
  7. ^ Berlin: Bahnhof-Friedrichstrasse rebuilt . In: Railway technical review . 48, No. 10, 1999, p. 611.
  8. LokMagazin 7/2015, p. 37.
  9. Friedrichstraße stop: Chunk of concrete falls from the ceiling at the S-Bahn station. In: Spiegel Online . December 13, 2012, accessed January 18, 2013 .
  10. Klaus Kurpjuweit: Plan or botch? In: Der Tagesspiegel . January 17, 2013, accessed January 18, 2013 .
  11. News in brief - S-Bahn . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . June 2016, p. 114 .
  12. News in brief - S-Bahn . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . May 2016, p. 96 .
  13. ^ Trains to life and death . In: Berliner Morgenpost , December 1, 2008.
  14. ^ Hans D. Reichardt: Berlin subway . 6th edition. Alba, Düsseldorf 1979, ISBN 3-87094-319-X , p. 45 .
  15. a b c d Jürgen Meyer-Kronthaler: Berlin's subway stations. The first hundred years . Be.bra, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-930863-07-3 , pp. 27 .
  16. ^ Society for electric elevated and underground railways in Berlin (elevated railway company): Annual report for the year 1928 (32nd business year) . Berlin, May 1929, supplements, p. 3.
  17. ^ Hans D. Reichardt, Berliner U-Bahn , p. 94.
  18. ^ Hans D. Reichardt, Berliner U-Bahn , p. 49.
  19. ^ Alexander Seefeldt: U6. The "north-south railway" through the middle . 1st edition. Robert Schwandl, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-936573-34-3 , p. 100 .
  20. ^ Johannes Bousset: The Berlin subway . Wilhelm Ernst & Son, Berlin 1935, p. 98 .
  21. ^ Michael Braun: North-South S-Bahn Berlin . GVE, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89218-112-5 , pp. 188 .
  22. Alexander Seefeldt, U6. The “north-south railway” through the middle , p. 102.