Schlierbach (Lindenfels)

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Schlierbach
City of Lindenfels
Coordinates: 49 ° 41 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 57 ″  E
Height : 242 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.01 km²
Residents : 576  (December 31, 2012)
Population density : 287 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 64678
Area code : 06255
View of Schlierbach from Lindenfels Castle
View of Schlierbach from Lindenfels Castle

Schlierbach im Schlierbachtal is a district of Lindenfels in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse . The district is a recognized resort .

history

From the beginning to the 18th century

The place originated in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive "Mark Heppenheim", to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . After long disputes, the Electoral Palatinate and the Archdiocese of Mainz were able to agree on the inheritance from the Lorsch Abbey at the beginning of the 14th century and the parts of the Palatinate were administered by the Lindenfels District Bishopric, to which Schlierbach also belonged. Until 1737 Lindenfels was subordinate to the Heidelberg Oberamt , after which Lindenfels became an Oberamt .

The castle of Lindenfels can already be found as Schlierburg or Slirburc between 1077 and 1088 in the chronicle of the Lorsch monastery. She probably gave the place its name. The earliest surviving documentary mention of the place as Slirbach was in 1356, when Count Palatine Ruprecht leased the Hof zu Schlierbach to Konrad Hennychin and 13 ½ Huben in Gladbach, Winkel and Schlierbach to 24 Malter Kornval . Within the Lindenfels office, the place belonged to Thalzent whose main court was held first in Glattbach , later in Ellenbach and finally in Schlierbach. Together with Lindenfels, the court had a place of execution in the "Faustenbacher Hecken auf dem Bühel". Thalzent had to bear half the costs for their maintenance . In its seal, the Central Court had a shield with 3 fields. In the first field there was the Palatinate lion , in the second the Bavarian diamonds and in the third, lowest field, a boy on a hill with a ball floating over his head.

Initially the village consisted of three noble courts . In 1613 there were 15 houses and 7½ hubs as well as the Ulner court . This farm was a fief of the Palatinate and had after the interest book of Oberamts Heidelberg from 1369, 24 Malter grain annual Gülte paid. In addition, the Fronemühle is mentioned, which was also a fiefdom of the Electoral Palatinate, which was owned by the Lords of Rodenstein and later the Ulner von Dieburg .

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. With the Reformation and its introduction, the Reformed parish arose in Schlierbach under Friedrich III , to which the Kolmbach , Glattbach , Winkel , Eulsbach , Erlenbach and Seidenbach branches belonged , according to the Heidelberg Oberamtscompetenzbuch from 1610 . 1613 »8 are physical own man people after Lindenfels, one after Starkenburg, and 8 serfs womenfolk" counted.

After the rectory in Schlierbach was destroyed by fire in the Thirty Years War , it was run as a branch of Lindenfels. Later a pastor was reinstated in Schlierbach and from 1650 there are church records again. At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1648), like many areas of the Electoral Palatinate, the place was almost deserted. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to advance the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed and the churches in the country, including rectories and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the one to the Catholics and the other to the Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

Until 1737 the Lindenfels Office was under the Heidelberg Oberamt , after which Lindenfels became an independent Oberamt . In 1784 39 families with 154 souls lived in 20 houses in Schlierbach. The district consisted of 251 acres of fields, 70 acres of meadows, 5 acres of gardens, 26 acres of pasture and 10 acres of forest. There was also a military customs post here . The tithe was referring to a third of the spiritual administration of the pen to the Holy Spirit in Heidelberg and two-thirds the Ulner of Dieburg .

19th century until today

Schlierbach becomes Hessian

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the " Left Bank of the Rhine " and thus the left bank of the Rhine were annexed by France as early as 1797 . At the last session of the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg in February 1803, the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss was passed, which implemented the provisions of the Peace of Luneville and reorganized the territorial situation in the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) . He ordered the dissolution of the Electoral Palatinate and assigned the area of ​​the Oberamt Lindenfels to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt as compensation for lost areas on the left bank of the Rhine. There the "Oberamt Lindenfels" was initially continued as the Hessian district bailiff . Under pressure from Napoleon , the Rhine Confederation was founded in 1806 , this happened when the member territories left the empire at the same time. This led to the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, with which the old empire ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt was raised by Napoleon to the Grand Duchy of Hesse , against placing high military contingents in France and joining the Confederation of the Rhine , otherwise he was threatened with invasion. In the Grand Duchy, the area of ​​the "Lindenfels Office" was split up in 1812 and Schlierbach was assigned to the Fürth office . The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg". After Napoléon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were formed in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” .

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and district councils were introduced, with Schlierbach becoming part of the Lindenfels district . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also arranged the administrative administration at the municipal level. In addition to Schlierbach , the mayor's office in Schlierbach was also responsible for the places Glattbach , Kolmbach and Seidenbach and Seidenbuch . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Schlierbach in 1829:

»Schlierbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. Filialdorf, lies ½ St. from Lindenfels on both sides of the Thalbach. The place has 34 houses and 252 inhabitants except for 13 Luth. and 1 Catholic are reformed. Among these are 7 farmers, 23 tradespeople and 5 day laborers. You will find 1 church and 1 grinding mill. In 1369 the place had 8 hubs. The church, which was previously a branch of Fürth, was ordered with its own preacher after the Reformation and in 1610 Kolmbach, Glattbach, Winkel, Eulsbach, Erlenbach and Seidenbach branches were still there. When the churches were distributed in 1705, the church fell to the Reformed, who made it a branch of Lindenfels. In 1802 Schlierbach came from Churpfalz to Hessen. "

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Schlierbach now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

»Schlierbach - village with Reformed parish church, belonging to the Lindenfels parish with regard to the Catholics - 34 H. 252 mostly evangelical. Inhabitant - Grand Duchy of Hesse - Prov. Starkenburg - Heppenheim district - Fürth district court - Hofger. Darmstadt - The village of Schlierbach on both sides of the Thalbach has a grinding mill and was transferred from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. «

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Schlierbach became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Schlierbach: A Reformation parish village on both sides of the Thalbach with 317 inhabitants. The district consisted of 804 acres , of which 381 acres were arable land, 161 acres were meadows and 246 acres were forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, for the Reformed parish village Schlierbach on both sides of the Thalbach, 42 houses, 292 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Lindenfels dean's office for the reformed parish and the Lindenfels Catholic parish of the dean's office in Heppenheim. The mayor's office also acquired the Hammer-Klingen house (10 inh.), The Kaffeberg farm (4 houses, 19 inh.), The Neuenthal farm (one house, 11 in.), The village of Seidenbach (10 houses, 79 in.) ) and the town of Winkel (13 houses, 95 inhabitants).

From 1839 the Nibelungenstrasse was expanded from Bensheim into the Lautertal to Lindenfels, thus creating an important contribution to improving the infrastructure of the front Odenwald . A further improvement was achieved with the opening of the Main-Neckar Railway in 1846, which initially connected Bensheim with Langen , Darmstadt and Heppenheim and a little later extended to Frankfurt and Mannheim .

In 1870, the Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck provoked the Franco-German War with the so-called Emser Depesche in which the Grand Duchy of Hesse took part as a member of the North German Confederation on the side of Prussia . Even before its official end on May 10, 1871, the southern German states joined the North German Confederation and on January 1, 1871 its new constitution came into force, with which it was now called the German Empire . On the German side, this war claimed around 41,000 deaths. With the Reich Coin Act , Germany only had one currency, the mark with 100 pfennigs as a sub-unit.

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the incorporation of Schlierbach into the Bensheim district .

Time of world wars

On August 1, 1914, the First World War broke out and put an end to the positive economic development throughout the German Empire . When the armistice was signed after the German defeat on November 11, 1918, Schlierbach also had many casualties to mourn, while the war cost a total of around 17 million human lives. The end of the German Empire was thus sealed, and the troubled times of the Weimar Republic followed. In the period from 1921 to 1930, there were 566,500 emigrants in Germany who tried to escape the difficult conditions in Germany.

On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler became Chancellor, which marked the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of the National Socialist dictatorship. In November 1938 the so-called Reichskristallnacht brought hardship and misery to the Jewish fellow citizens. Synagogues were burned down and the homes and businesses of Jewish families devastated.

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

On September 1, 1939, when German troops marched into Poland, the Second World War began , the effects of which were even more dramatic than the First World War and the number of victims estimated at 60 to 70 million people. In the final phase of the Second World War in Europe, the American units reached the Rhine between Mainz and Mannheim in mid-March 1945. On March 22nd, the 3rd US Army crossed the Rhine near Oppenheim and occupied Darmstadt on March 25th. In the first hours of March 26, 1945, American units crossed the Rhine near Hamm and south of Worms, from where they advanced on a broad front towards the Bergstrasse. On March 27, the American troops were in Lorsch, Bensheim and Heppenheim and a day later Aschaffenburg am Main and the western and northern parts of the Odenwald were occupied. The war in Europe ended with the unconditional surrender of all German troops, which came into effect on May 8, 1945 at 11:01 p.m. Central European Time.

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

Post-war and present

As the population figures from 1939 and 1946 show, Schlierbach also had to cope with many refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions after the war .

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 200  hectares , of which 48 hectares were forest.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the place joined the municipalities of Eulsbach , Glattbach on December 31, 1970 voluntarily to the city of Lindenfels. For Schlierbach, as for all the towns incorporated into Lindenfels, a local district with a local advisory board and mayor was set up in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

Today's Schlierbach consists of the central old town center and several new building areas, some of which were added from the 1970s. The last expansion of Schlierbach since then is the development of several building areas in the direction of Lindenfels and Eulsbach . Significant businesses were never able to settle in Schlierbach. Most residents have to drive to the metropolitan area around Mannheim or the nearby Weschnitz Valley to work every morning , but this is difficult with public transport.

The newly developed Nibelungensteig hiking trail has been running through the village since 2008 . In 2014 the place received the title of state-recognized resort .

Church history

The first mention of a chapel dates back to 1401. It was run as a branch of the parish in Fürth which belonged to the Worms Diocesan Association. The chaplain there demanded "A piece of food, a drink and 6 pfennigs" for his services in Schlierbach. The bell bore the year 1470 and the name of the bell founder. A "Conrad Stumpf von Zwingenberg" and his wife "Anna von Mosbach" were buried in the church, who acquired this right through a bequest. On the corpse stone are the coats of arms of the couple, a stag horn and a tower with 3 battlements which is surrounded by a wall. With the introduction of the Reformation under the Count Palatine Friedrich III. a Reformed parish was founded in Schlierbach which, according to the Heidelberg Oberamtscompetenzbuch from 1610, had branches in Kolmbach, Glattbach, Winkel, Eulsbach, Erlenbach and Seidenbach. The parish now belonged to the Palatinate Reformed Inspection Weinheim . The first wife of Count Palatine Ludwig VI , Elisabeth of Hesse , donated alms to the churches of Lindenfels and Schlierbach .

After the parsonage in Schlierbach was destroyed as a result of the Thirty Years' War , the parish was looked after by Lindenfels and its own church records were not kept again until 1650. In 1850, Lindenfels and Schlierbach are still regarded as a unified parish and church services are held alternately in the two places, although Lindenfels is reserved for the first Whitsun, Christmas and New Year's Day.

The church in Schlierbach was in the years 1810 and 1811 by the reformed Collectur in Umstadt at a cost of 6600  florins 35 kr. restored and enlarged. In 1833 the church received an organ from the organ builder Bernhard Dreymann in Mainz. After the introduction of the districts in 1836, the parish belonged to the Hessian dean's office Lindenfels and to the superintendent of Starkenburg.

It was not until 1908 that an independent evangelical reformed parish was established in Schlierbach, the first pastor of which was Wilhelm Wahl von Trais-Horloff. Today in Schlierbach the Lutheran residents are parish in Rimbach and the Catholic residents in Lindenfels.

Courts in Hessen

The jurisdiction of the Oberamt Lindenfels was transferred to the new justice office in Fürth in 1813. With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Schlierbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1613: 15 people in the house , serfs : 9 men, 8 women.
• 1784: 154 souls, 39 families in 20 houses
• 1806: 186 inhabitants, 29 houses
• 1829: 252 inhabitants, 34 houses
• 1867: 292 inhabitants, 42 houses
Schlierbach: Population from 1784 to 2012
year     Residents
1784
  
 154
1806
  
 186
1829
  
 252
1834
  
 277
1840
  
 304
1846
  
 312
1852
  
 317
1858
  
 270
1864
  
 294
1871
  
 301
1875
  
 324
1885
  
 341
1895
  
 322
1905
  
 334
1910
  
 348
1925
  
 295
1939
  
 303
1946
  
 383
1950
  
 354
1956
  
 334
1961
  
 342
1967
  
 406
1970
  
 672
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 519
2006
  
 596
2011
  
 576
2012
  
 576
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2000 ; 2006 ; 2012 : City of Lindenfels from web archive. 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 13 Lutheran (= 5.16%), 238 Reformed (= 97.44%) and one Catholic (= 0.40%) residents
• 1961: 309 Protestant (= 90.35%) and 31 Catholic (= 9.06%) residents

politics

There is a local district for Schlierbach (areas of the former municipality of Schlierbach) with a local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. After the local elections in 2016, it was made up of four representatives from the LWG / CDU and three from the SPD . The mayor is Robert Gehrisch (CDU).

Culture and sights

Buildings

  • Evangelical Church: Opposite the Hofgut, which was the center of the village in the 14th century, there is a church - probably since the 14th century. At that time she belonged to the parish of Fürth. The cemetery surrounding the church is particularly interesting with its stick field.
  • Cemetery with Stickelfeld: surrounds the Protestant church. Stickels are used instead of tombstones and probably evolved from the shape of the death board at the time of the Reformation . A stickel is a white painted board with the name of the deceased, the date of birth and death and a painted flower pot with a growing, a blooming and a withering tulip. The custom of setting up stickels instead of gravestones probably came about after 1662 with the immigration of Calvinist Swiss like the Bitsch brothers to the Odenwald. Due to the rarity of this grave decoration, the cemetery is a listed building.
  • Half-timbered houses shape the townscape of Schlierbach. Most of them date from the 18th and early 19th centuries, such as the former village mill and the “Zum Römischen Kaiser” inn.

  • Evangelical Church in Schlierbach

  • Stickelfeld at the Schlierbach cemetery

Regular events

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Eckehart Wolff (1929–2015), honorary cathedral capitular in the diocese of Mainz and provost at Worms cathedral

Connected with Schlierbach

  • Heinz Heim (1859–1895), German genre painter and draftsman

literature

Web links

Commons : Schlierbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Figures, data, facts. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed October 2019 .
  2. ↑ 80th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on October 14, 2014 . In: Hessian Ministry for Economics, Energy, Transport and State Development (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 2015 No. 7 , p. 148 , point 141 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  3. ^ Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 228 .
  4. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 7 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 35 ( online at google books ).
  6. ↑ a b c d Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 60 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  7. ^ A b Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 497 f ., 3) Schlierbach ( online at googe books ).
  8. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  10. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 211 ( online at google books ). )
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 508 ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  13. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  14. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  15. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 349 ( online at google books ).
  16. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 78 ( online at google books ).
  17. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007. (PDF 8.61 MB) A terrible path through the valley. P. 38 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 28, 2014 .
  18. ^ Lists of casualties of the German army in the campaign 1870/71. In: Online project fallen memorials. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015 ; accessed on May 10, 2018 .
  19. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  20. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  21. ↑ a b c d e f Schlierbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of December 18, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on January 15, 2014 .
  22. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 348 .
  23. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 37 kB) § 5. In: Website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  24. ↑ Schlierbach local family book. In: GenWiki. Association for computer genealogy e. V., accessed in September 2019 .
  25. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  26. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  27. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  28. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  29. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  30. ↑ Local councils after the local elections in 2016. (PDF; 75 kB) In: Website. City of Lindenfels, June 2017, accessed September 2019 .
  31. ↑ Stickelgraves in Schlierbach. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  32. ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Wednesday, August 8, 2018, p. 15.