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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1545}}
{{About year|1545}}
{{Year nav|1545}}
{{Year nav|1545}}
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[[File:Cowdray engraving-full-lowres.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[July 18]] – [[July 19]]: The [[Battle of the Solent]] ends with the sinking of the English flagship ''Mary Rose''.]]
{{C16 year in topic}}
{{C16 year in topic}}
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[[File:Cowdray engraving-full-lowres.jpg|thumb|right|[[July 18]] – [[July 19]]: [[Battle of the Solent]]]]
Year '''1545''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDXLV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].
Year '''1545''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDXLV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].


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<onlyinclude>


=== January&ndash;June ===
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 1]] &ndash; King [[Francis I of France]] issues the "Arrêt de Mérindol", to destroy the Protestant [[Waldensians]] of [[Provence]].
* [[January 1]] &ndash; King [[Francis I of France]] issues the "Arrêt de Mérindol", to destroy the Protestant [[Waldensians]] of [[Provence]].
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Battista De Fornari]] begins a 2-year term as the [[Doge of Genoa]], succeeding [[Andrea Centurione Pietrasanta]].
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Battista De Fornari]] begins a 2-year term as the [[Doge of Genoa]], succeeding [[Andrea Centurione Pietrasanta]].
Line 19: Line 19:
=== April&ndash;June ===
=== April&ndash;June ===
*[[April 1]] &ndash; [[Potosí]] is founded by the Spanish as a mining town after the discovery of huge silver deposits in this area of modern-day [[Bolivia]]. Silver mined from Huayna Potosí Mountain provides most of the wealth on which the [[Spanish Empire]] is based until its fall in the early 19th century.
*[[April 1]] &ndash; [[Potosí]] is founded by the Spanish as a mining town after the discovery of huge silver deposits in this area of modern-day [[Bolivia]]. Silver mined from Huayna Potosí Mountain provides most of the wealth on which the [[Spanish Empire]] is based until its fall in the early 19th century.
⚫
* [[May 20]] &ndash;
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[Sher Shah Suri]], King of the [[Sur Empire]] in northern India, is fatally injured by an explosion from one of his own cannons while leading the siege of the [[Kalinjar Fort]] and dies two days later.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mikaberidze |first1=Alexander |author-link=Alexander Mikaberidze |year=2011 |title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jBBYD2J2oE4C&q=sher+shah+suri+bengal+campaign+1537 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=830 |isbn=978-1-59884-337-8 |language=en}}</ref>
**[[Sher Shah Suri]], King of the [[Sur Empire]] in northern India, is fatally injured by an explosion from one of his own cannons while leading the siege of the [[Kalinjar Fort]] and dies two days later.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mikaberidze |first1=Alexander |author-link=Alexander Mikaberidze |year=2011 |title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jBBYD2J2oE4C&q=sher+shah+suri+bengal+campaign+1537 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=830 |isbn=978-1-59884-337-8 |language=en}}</ref>
**In [[Vietnam]], warlord [[Nguyễn Kim]] of the [[Lê dynasty]] leads troops toward an attack on [[Ninh Binh]] when he is invited by Dương Chấp Nhất of the [[Mạc dynasty]] to dinner. General Kim is treated to a [[watermelon]] by Duong and dies the next day.
* [[May 27]] &ndash; Prince Jalal Khan, the second son of the late Sher Shah Suri, is crowned as the new King of the Suri Empire and takes the regnal name of [[Islam Shah Suri]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.notesonindianhistory.com/2019/06/reign-of-salim-shah-successor-of-sher.html?m=1 | title=Reign of Salim Shah, Successor of Sher Shah Suri }}</ref>
* [[May 27]] &ndash; Prince Jalal Khan, the second son of the late Sher Shah Suri, is crowned as the new King of the Suri Empire and takes the regnal name of [[Islam Shah Suri]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.notesonindianhistory.com/2019/06/reign-of-salim-shah-successor-of-sher.html?m=1 | title=Reign of Salim Shah, Successor of Sher Shah Suri }}</ref>
* [[May 31]] &ndash; During the [[Italian War of 1542–1546|Italian War]], a French expeditionary force under the direction of [[Claude d'Annebault]] begins an invasion of Britain by landing in Scotland.<ref>[[Robert Knecht]] ''Renaissance Warrior and Patron: The Reign of Francis I'' (Cambridge University Press, 1994) pp.501—502. {{ISBN|0-521-57885-X}}.</ref>
* [[May 31]] &ndash; During the [[Italian War of 1542–1546|Italian War]], a French expeditionary force under the direction of [[Claude d'Annebault]] begins an invasion of Britain by landing in Scotland.<ref>[[Robert Knecht]] ''Renaissance Warrior and Patron: The Reign of Francis I'' (Cambridge University Press, 1994) pp.501—502. {{ISBN|0-521-57885-X}}.</ref>
* [[June 13]] &ndash; Spanish explorer [[Yñigo Ortiz de Retez]] sets out to navigate the northern coast of [[New Guinea]].
* [[June 13]] &ndash; Spanish explorer [[Yñigo Ortiz de Retez]] sets out to navigate the northern coast of [[New Guinea]].
* [[June 20]] &ndash; Spanish explorer [[Yñigo Ortiz de Retez]] arrives at a large island in the South Pacific Ocean. Stopping at the [[Mamberamo River]], Ortiz claims the island for Spain and christens it "[[New Guinea|Nueva Guinea]]" after concluding that the natives resemble the people on the coast of the [[Guinea (region)|Guinea]] coast of West Africa.<ref>{{cite book | last = Quanchi | first = Max| year = 2005 | title = Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands | publisher = The Scarecrow Press |page=215| isbn = 0810853957}}</ref>


=== July&ndash;December ===
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 18]]&ndash;[[July 19|19]] &ndash; [[Battle of the Solent]] between the English and French fleets: The engagement is inconclusive, but on the second day [[Henry VIII of England]]'s flagship, the ''[[Mary Rose]]'', sinks.<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[July 18]]&ndash; The [[Battle of the Solent]] begins between the English and French navies in [[The Solent]], the [[strait]] between the British mainland and the [[Isle of Wight]].
* [[July 19]] &ndash; The Royal Navy's flagship, the ''[[Mary Rose]]'', is sunk along with 365 of its 400 crew<ref>{{cite book| editor-last1 = Gardiner| editor-first1 = Julie| date =2005| title =Before the Mast: Life and Death aboard the Mary Rose| volume=4|series=The Archaeology of the Mary Rose| location =Portsmouth| publisher =The Mary Rose Trust| isbn =0-9544029-4-4
}}</ref> before the Battle of the Solent ends inconclusively. The wreckage will be located in 1971, more than 400 years after the sinking, and raised on October 11, 1582.<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Italian Wars]]: [[Battle of Bonchurch]] &ndash; The English reverse an attempted [[French invasion of the Isle of Wight]], off the coast of England.<ref name=CBH1545/>
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Italian Wars]]: [[Battle of Bonchurch]] &ndash; The English reverse an attempted [[French invasion of the Isle of Wight]], off the coast of England.<ref name=CBH1545/>
* [[August 5]] &ndash; Scottish nobleman [[Domhnall Dubh]], also called "Black Donald", secures an alliance with King Henry VIII of England and plans an invasion of Scotland ([[Dubh's Rebellion]]) seeking to install the [[Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox|Earl of Lennox]] as the regent for [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], rather than the incumbent [[James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault|Regent Arran]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Cathcart |first=Alison|year=2002 |title=The Forgotten '45: Donald Dubh's Rebellion in an Archipelagic Context |journal=The Scottish Historical Review|volume=91 |issue=232|edition=Part 2, issue 232 |pages=239–264 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press Stable |jstor=43773917|doi=10.3366/shr.2012.0101|url=https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/36853/1/shr.2012.pdf}}</ref> The rebellion attracts little support from other nobles and Dubh dies of a fever while in Ireland, before an invasion can take place.
⚫
* [[August ]] &ndash;
* [[August 8]] &ndash; King [[Injong of Joseon]], ruler of the [[Joseon|Korean Empire]], dies at the age of 30, after only eight months as monarch. His allies suspect that he had slowly been poisoned by his stepmother, [[Queen Janggyeong (Joseon)|Queen Janggyeong]], who had been Queen consort as the wife of [[Jungjong of Joseon|King Jungjong]]. Queen Janggyeong's 12-year-old son [[Myeongjong of Joseon|Myeongjong]] is enthroned as the new King, with Janggyeong as the regent.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Jongmyung |title=Queen Munjeong’s (1501-1565) Statecraft and Buddhist View in Confucian Joseon |journal=Korea Journal |date=Summer 2014 |volume=54 |issue=2 |page=63 |url=https://accesson.kr/kj/assets/pdf/8351/journal-54-2-62.pdf |access-date=16 January 2024}}</ref>
⚫
* [[September 16]] &ndash; The [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza]] in [[Italy]] by order of [[Pope Paul III]], formerly Alessandro Farnese, to be ruled by his son, [[Pier Luigi Farnese]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Farnese|display=Farnese s.v. Pierluigi Farnese|volume=10|page=183|first=Luigi|last=Villari|author-link=Luigi Villari}}</ref>
[[File:Sher Shah Suri Tomb.jpg|150px|thumb|Sher Shah's tomb]]
* [[August 16]] &ndash; The elaborate [[Tomb of Sher Shah Suri]] is completed in [[Sasaram]], three months after Sher Shah's death, in what is now [[India]]'s [[Bihar]] state.
* [[September 16]] &ndash;
⚫
**The [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza]] is created in [[Italy]] by order of [[Pope Paul III]], formerly Alessandro Farnese, to be ruled by his son, [[Pier Luigi Farnese]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Farnese|display=Farnese s.v. Pierluigi Farnese|volume=10|page=183|first=Luigi|last=Villari|author-link=Luigi Villari}}</ref>
**In a one-day campaign in the [[Rough Wooing]] border war between England and Scotland, the English generals [[Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset|Lord Hertford]] and [[Robert Bowes (lawyer)|Robert Bowes]] carry out a mission of burning Scottish towns along the [[River Teviot]]. He writes later that with 1,500 light horsemen from 5:00 in the morning to 3:00 in the afternoon, his army "burnt 14 or 15 towns" including "Rowle, Spittel, [[Bedrule Castle|Bedrowle]], Rowlewood, The Wolles, Crossebewghe, Donnerles, [[Fulton Tower|Fotton]], West Leas, Troonyhill, and Dupligi.<ref>David Laing, 'Account of the Earl of Hertford's Second Expedition to Scotland', ''PSAS'', p. 277: Samuel Haynes, ''Collection of State Papers'' (London, 1740), p. 53.</ref>
* c. [[September]] &ndash; [[Mobye Narapati]] succeeds as ruler of the [[Ava Kingdom]] and offers peace to the [[Taungoo Dynasty]], ending the [[Taungoo–Ava War (1538–45)]], and leaving the Taungoo as the dominant rulers in [[Burma]].
* c. [[September]] &ndash; [[Mobye Narapati]] succeeds as ruler of the [[Ava Kingdom]] and offers peace to the [[Taungoo Dynasty]], ending the [[Taungoo–Ava War (1538–45)]], and leaving the Taungoo as the dominant rulers in [[Burma]].

⚫
* [[October]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Kawagoe Castle]] begins, as part of an unsuccessful attempt by the [[Uesugi clan]] to regain [[Kawagoe Castle]] from the [[Late Hōjō clan]] in Japan.
=== October&ndash;December ===
⚫
** [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Pietro Lando]], the [[List of Doges of Venice|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Venice]] since 1538, dies and [[Francesco Donato]] is elected in his place.
* [[October 20]] &ndash; The "[[New Laws]]"(''Leyes Nuevas''), officially the New Laws of the Indies for the Good Treatment and Preservation of the Indians are repealed less than a year after being issued by [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|King Carlos of Spain]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Giménez Fernández|first=Manuel|year=1971|chapter=Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas: A Biographical Sketch|editor1-last=Friede|editor1-first=Juan|editor2-last=Keen|editor2-first=Benjamin|title=Bartolomé de las Casas in History: Toward an Understanding of the Man and his Work|publisher=Northern Illinois University Press|location=DeKalb|pages=103}}</ref>
⚫
* [[November 10]] &ndash; A truce is signed between the [[Holy Roman Empire]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]] following the [[Siege of Nice]], as Emperor Charles V acknowedges the Ottoman conquests.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0JsBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA286 |title=History of the Ottoman Turks: From the Beginning of Their Empire to the Present Time |author=Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy |year=1854 |page=286 |access-date=2016-12-02}}</ref>
⚫
* [[October 31]] &ndash; (26th day of 9th month of [[Tenbun]] 14) The [[Siege of Kawagoe Castle]] begins, as part of an unsuccessful attempt by the [[Uesugi clan]] to regain [[Kawagoe Castle]] from the [[Late Hōjō clan]] in Japan.
⚫
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Pietro Lando]], the [[List of Doges of Venice|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Venice]] since 1538, dies and [[Francesco Donato]] is elected in his place.
⚫
* [[November 10]] &ndash; A truce is signed between the [[Holy Roman Empire]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]] following the [[Siege of Nice]], as Emperor Charles V acknowedges the Ottoman conquests.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0JsBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA286 |title=History of the Ottoman Turks: From the Beginning of Their Empire to the Present Time |author=Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy |year=1854 |page=286 |access-date=2016-12-02}}</ref>
* [[November 15]] &ndash; (10 Ramadan 952 AH) [[Hamida Banu Begum]], Empress consort of India's [[Mughal Empire]] and wife of the Emperor [[Humayun]], returns to the capital, [[Agra]], after a three-year absence.<ref>Annemarie Schimmel and Burzine K. Waghmar, ''The Empire of the Great Mughals'' (Reaktion Books, 2004) p. 146. ISBN 1-86189-185-7</ref> She is accompanied by an army provided to Humayun by [[Tahmasp I]], Shah of Iran.
* [[November 23]] &ndash; King Henry VIII opens the [[Parliament of England]] for the ninth time, in a session that lasts until December 24.
* [[November 23]] &ndash; King Henry VIII opens the [[Parliament of England]] for the ninth time, in a session that lasts until December 24.
* [[December 13]] &ndash; The [[Council of Trent]] officially opens in northern Italy (it closes in [[1563]]).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Encyclopedia Americana: The International Reference Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tvoaAQAAMAAJ|year=1962|publisher=Americana Corporation of Canada|page=43-44|language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 13]] &ndash; The [[Council of Trent]] officially opens in northern Italy (it closes in [[1563]]).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Encyclopedia Americana: The International Reference Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tvoaAQAAMAAJ|year=1962|publisher=Americana Corporation of Canada|pages=43–44|language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 24]] &ndash; King Henry VIII gives royal assent to [[List of acts of the Parliament of England from 1545|multiple acts passed by the English Parliament]] on its final day, including the [[Dissolution of Colleges Act 1545|Dissolution of Colleges Act]] and the [[Custos Rotulorum Act 1545|Custos Rotulorum Act]].<ref>{{cite book |chapter=37° Hen. VIII |chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pst.000017915533&seq=1048 |title=The Statutes of the Realm |volume=3: 1509 to 1547 |via=[[Hathi Trust]] |pages=984–1032}}</ref>
* [[December 24]] &ndash; King Henry VIII gives royal assent to [[List of acts of the Parliament of England from 1545|multiple acts passed by the English Parliament]] on its final day, including the [[Dissolution of Colleges Act 1545|Dissolution of Colleges Act]] and the [[Custos Rotulorum Act 1545|Custos Rotulorum Act]].<ref>{{cite book |chapter=37° Hen. VIII |chapter-url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pst.000017915533&seq=1048 |title=The Statutes of the Realm |volume=3: 1509 to 1547 |via=[[Hathi Trust]] |pages=984–1032}}</ref>


Latest revision as of 21:53, 5 May 2024

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
July 18 – July 19: The Battle of the Solent ends with the sinking of the English flagship Mary Rose.
1545 by topic
Arts and science
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
1545 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1545
MDXLV
Ab urbe condita2298
Armenian calendar994
ԹՎ ՋՂԴ
Assyrian calendar6295
Balinese saka calendar1466–1467
Bengali calendar952
Berber calendar2495
English Regnal year36 Hen. 8 – 37 Hen. 8
Buddhist calendar2089
Burmese calendar907
Byzantine calendar7053–7054
Chinese calendar甲辰年 (Wood Dragon)
4242 or 4035
    — to —
乙巳年 (Wood Snake)
4243 or 4036
Coptic calendar1261–1262
Discordian calendar2711
Ethiopian calendar1537–1538
Hebrew calendar5305–5306
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1601–1602
 - Shaka Samvat1466–1467
 - Kali Yuga4645–4646
Holocene calendar11545
Igbo calendar545–546
Iranian calendar923–924
Islamic calendar951–952
Japanese calendarTenbun 14
(天文１４年)
Javanese calendar1463–1464
Julian calendar1545
MDXLV
Korean calendar3878
Minguo calendar367 before ROC
民前367年
Nanakshahi calendar77
Thai solar calendar2087–2088
Tibetan calendar阳木龙年
(male Wood-Dragon)
1671 or 1290 or 518
    — to —
阴木蛇年
(female Wood-Snake)
1672 or 1291 or 519

Year 1545 (MDXLV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events[edit]

January–March[edit]

April–June[edit]

July–September[edit]

Sher Shah's tomb

October–December[edit]

Undated[edit]

Births[edit]

Elisabeth of Valois
Anna Maria of Sweden

Deaths[edit]

Louis X, Duke of Bavaria

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 147–150. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  2. ^ Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 830. ISBN 978-1-59884-337-8.
  3. ^ "Reign of Salim Shah, Successor of Sher Shah Suri".
  4. ^ Robert Knecht Renaissance Warrior and Patron: The Reign of Francis I (Cambridge University Press, 1994) pp.501—502. ISBN 0-521-57885-X.
  5. ^ Quanchi, Max (2005). Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. The Scarecrow Press. p. 215. ISBN 0810853957.
  6. ^ Gardiner, Julie, ed. (2005). Before the Mast: Life and Death aboard the Mary Rose. The Archaeology of the Mary Rose. Vol. 4. Portsmouth: The Mary Rose Trust. ISBN 0-9544029-4-4.
  7. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  8. ^ Cathcart, Alison (2002). "The Forgotten '45: Donald Dubh's Rebellion in an Archipelagic Context" (PDF). The Scottish Historical Review. 91 (232) (Part 2, issue 232 ed.). Edinburgh University Press Stable: 239–264. doi:10.3366/shr.2012.0101. JSTOR 43773917.
  9. ^ Kim, Jongmyung (Summer 2014). "Queen Munjeong's (1501-1565) Statecraft and Buddhist View in Confucian Joseon" (PDF). Korea Journal. 54 (2): 63. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
  10. ^ Villari, Luigi (1911). "Farnese s.v. Pierluigi Farnese" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 183.
  11. ^ David Laing, 'Account of the Earl of Hertford's Second Expedition to Scotland', PSAS, p. 277: Samuel Haynes, Collection of State Papers (London, 1740), p. 53.
  12. ^ Giménez Fernández, Manuel (1971). "Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas: A Biographical Sketch". In Friede, Juan; Keen, Benjamin (eds.). Bartolomé de las Casas in History: Toward an Understanding of the Man and his Work. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press. p. 103.
  13. ^ Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy (1854). History of the Ottoman Turks: From the Beginning of Their Empire to the Present Time. p. 286. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  14. ^ Annemarie Schimmel and Burzine K. Waghmar, The Empire of the Great Mughals (Reaktion Books, 2004) p. 146. ISBN 1-86189-185-7
  15. ^ The Encyclopedia Americana: The International Reference Work. Americana Corporation of Canada. 1962. pp. 43–44.
  16. ^ "37° Hen. VIII". The Statutes of the Realm. Vol. 3: 1509 to 1547. pp. 984–1032 – via Hathi Trust.
  17. ^ A. J. Krailsheimer (1966). Three Sixteenth-century Conteurs. Oxford University Press. p. 184.
  18. ^ Caroline Bingham (1995). Darnley: A Life of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, Consort of Mary Queen of Scots. Constable. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-09-472530-0.
  19. ^ Maggie Humphreys; Robert Evans (January 1, 1997). Dictionary of Composers for the Church in Great Britain and Ireland. A&C Black. p. 333. ISBN 978-0-7201-2330-2.
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