1883

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century 19th century 20th century
Decades:	1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s
Years:	1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886

Template:C19YearInTopicX Year 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1883

January - March

• January 10 - A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee kills 73.
• January 16 - The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed.
• January 19 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service (Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas Edison.

February 16: Ladies Home Journal begins (photo 1906).

• February 16 - Ladies Home Journal is published for the first time.
• February 23 - Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an antitrust law.
• February 28 - The first vaudeville theater is opened, in Boston, Massachusetts.
• March - An Australian Catholic school, Star of the Sea College is founded in Elsternwick, Victoria (now known as Gardenstown) by the Irish Presentation Sisters.
• March 5 - Gloucester City A.F.C. is formed.

April - June

May 24: Brooklyn Bridge is opened.

• May 24 - Brooklyn Bridge is opened to traffic after 13 years of construction.
• May 30 - In New York City, a rumor that the Brooklyn Bridge was going to collapse causes a stampede which crushes twelve people.
• June 16 - Victoria Hall Disaster: A rush for treats results in 183 children being aphyxiated in a concert hall in Sunderland, England.
• June 30 - First appearance of The Black Arrow by Robert Louis Stevenson as a serial in Young Folks; A Boys' and Girls' Paper of Instructive and Entertaining Literature. Stevenson would complete the novel at the end of summer in France.

July - September

• July 3 - SS Daphne disaster in Glasgow leaves 124 dead.
• July 4 - Worlds first rodeo held in Pecos, TX.
• July 22 - Zulu king Cetshwayo barely escapes rebel attack with his life.

File:Krakatoa 01.JPG

August 26: Krakatoa volcano will erupt.

• August - King William's College is opened on the Isle of Man.
• August 12 - The last quagga dies at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam.

• August 26-28 - Krakatoa (Krakatau) volcano erupts 5:30 (local time): 163 villages are destroyed, 36,380 dead.
• September 15 - The Bombay Natural History Society is founded.
• September 29 - A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis, Minnesota form the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports but avoid the high tariffs of Chicago.

October - December

• October 1 - Sydney Boys High School is founded in Sydney, Australia. It is the first boys public school in Australia.
• October 4 - The Boys' Brigade is founded in Glasgow, Scotland. It is the first Uniformed Youth Organisation in existence.
• October 4 - The Orient Express begins operation.
• October 15 - The Supreme Court of the United States declares part of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to be unconstitutional since the Court allowed private individuals and corporations to discriminate based on race.
• October 20 - Peru and Chile signed the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province was ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific.
• October 30 - Two Clan na Gael dynamite bombs explode in the London underground, injuring several people. Next day Home Secretary Vernon Harcourt drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground and introduces the Explosives Bill. Public continues as before.
• November 1 - Amsterdam: The first international colonial and export exhibition closed having had over 1 million visitors.
• November 3 - American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the Po-8" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves an incriminating clue that eventually leads to his capture.
• November 18 - US and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
• November 28 - Whitman College is chartered as a four-year college in Walla Walla, Washington.

Undated

• Wolf's Head Society, known as "The Third Society" until 1888, founded at Yale University
• Cardiff University, Wales, is founded.
• Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (German bacteriologist) discovers the cholera bacillus.
• Antoni Gaudí begins to build Sagrada Família cathedral.
• Fabian Society founded.
• University of Texas at Austin is founded.
• Houghton College is founded.
• Wagner College is founded.
• Baltimore Polytechnic Institute is founded.
• LIFE magazine is founded.
• The Black Arabs F.C is founded (now Bristol Rovers
• Footscray Football Club is founded (now the Western Bulldogs).
• Duncan, Arizona is founded.

Births

1883 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1883 MDCCCLXXXIII
Ab urbe condita	2636
Armenian calendar	1332 ԹՎ ՌՅԼԲ
Assyrian calendar	6633
Baháʼí calendar	39–40
Balinese saka calendar	1804–1805
Bengali calendar	1290
Berber calendar	2833
British Regnal year	46 Vict. 1 – 47 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar	2427
Burmese calendar	1245
Byzantine calendar	7391–7392
Chinese calendar	壬午年 (Water Horse) 4580 or 4373     — to — 癸未年 (Water Goat) 4581 or 4374
Coptic calendar	1599–1600
Discordian calendar	3049
Ethiopian calendar	1875–1876
Hebrew calendar	5643–5644
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1939–1940
- Shaka Samvat	1804–1805
- Kali Yuga	4983–4984
Holocene calendar	11883
Igbo calendar	883–884
Iranian calendar	1261–1262
Islamic calendar	1300–1301
Japanese calendar	Meiji 16 (明治１６年)
Javanese calendar	1812–1813
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4216
Minguo calendar	29 before ROC 民前29年
Nanakshahi calendar	415
Thai solar calendar	2425–2426
Tibetan calendar	阳水马年 (male Water-Horse) 2009 or 1628 or 856     — to — 阴水羊年 (female Water-Goat) 2010 or 1629 or 857

January-July

• January 1 - Ichirō Hatoyama, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1959)
• January 3 - Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1967)
• January 5 - Döme Sztójay, prime minister of Hungary (d. 1946)
• January 6 - Khalil Gibran, Lebanese poet, painter, and novelist (d. 1931)
• January 10 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (d. 1966)
• January 10 - Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Russian writer (d. 1945)
• January 20 - Bertram Ramsay, British admiral (d. 1945)
• January 21 - Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (d. 1929)

• February 7 - Eubie Blake, American musician and composer (d. 1983)
• February 9 - Fritz August Breuhaus de Groot, German architect, interior designer and designer (d. 1960)
• February 15 - Sax Rohmer, English author (d. 1959)
• February 18 - Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek poet (d. 1957)
• February 22 - Marguerite Clark, American silent film actress (d. 1940)
• February 23 - Karl Jaspers, German philosopher (d. 1969)
• February 23 - Victor Fleming, American film director (d. 1949)

• March 4 - Sam Langford, Canadian boxer (d. 1956)
• March 19 - Walter Haworth, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
• March 19 - Joseph Stilwell, American soldier (d. 1946)

• April 1 - Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (d. 1930)
• April 11 - Hozumi Shigeto, Japanese author (d. 1951)
• April 15 - Stanley Bruce, eighth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967)
• April 30 - Jaroslav Hašek, Czech writer (d. 1923)

• May 1 - Tom Moore, Irish actor (d. 1955)
• May 18 - Walter Gropius, German architect (d. 1969)
• May 20 - King Faisal I of Iraq (d. 1933)
• May 23 - Douglas Fairbanks, American actor (d. 1939)
• May 31 - Lauri Kristian Relander, President of Finland (d. 1942)

• June 5 - John Maynard Keynes, English economist (d. 1946)
• June 7 - Sylvanus G. Morley, American scholar and World War I spy (d. 1948)
• June 21 - Lluís Companys i Jover, President of Catalonia (d. 1940)
• June 24 - Victor Franz Hess, Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• June 28 - Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)

July - December

• July 3 - Franz Kafka, Austrian writer (d. 1924)
• July 4 - Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist (d. 1970)
• July 29 - Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian writer (d. 1942)
• July 29 - Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy (d. 1945)
• August 19 - Coco Chanel, French stylist (d. 1971)
• August 19 - Elsie Ferguson, American actress (d. 1961)
• August 23 - Jesse Pennington, English footballer (d. 1970)
• August 23 - Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV, American general (d. 1953)
• August 30 - Theo van Doesburg, Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d. 1931)

• September 15 - Esteban Terradas i Illa, Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d. 1950)

• October 8 - Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• October 26 - Paul Pilgrim, American athlete (d. 1958)

• November 4 - Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general and politician (d. 1953)
• November 8 - Arnold Bax, English composer (d. 1953)
• November 11 - Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (d. 1969)
• November 18 - Carl Vinson, U.S. Congressman (d. 1981)
• November 25 - Harvey Spencer Lewis, American Rosicrucian mystic (d. 1939)
• November 25 - Merrill C. Meigs, American newspaper publisher and aviation promoter (d. 1968)

• December 3 - Anton Webern, Austrian composer (d. 1945)
• December 13 - Belle da Costa Greene, librarian, bibliographer, archivist (d. 1950)
• December 14 - Morihei Ueshiba, Founder of the Martial Art Style Aikido (d. 1969)
• December 16 - Max Linder, French actor (d. 1925)
• December 22 - Edgard Varèse, French composer (d. 1965)
• December 25 - Maurice Utrillo, French artist and illustrator (d. 1955)

Unknown dates

• Alberto Gerchunoff, Argentine writer (d. 1949)
• St. John Greer Ervine, Northern Irish dramatist and author (d. 1971)
• Eugen Levine, Communist leader of Munich Soviet Republic (d. 1919)
• T. F. O'Rahilly, Irish academic (d. 1953)
• Lothrop Stoddard, American eugenicist and racist (d. 1950)
• Philadelphia Phillies, then known as the Quakers

See also Category: 1883 births.

Deaths

January - June

• January 10 - Samuel Mudd, American doctor to John Wilkes Booth (b. 1833)
• January 23 - Gustave Doré, French artist (b. 1832)
• January 24 - Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (b. 1812)
• February 13 - Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
• February 17 - Napoleon Coste, French guitarist and composer (b. 1806)
• February 17 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (b. 1845)
• March 14 - Karl Marx, German philosopher (b. 1818)
• April 4 - Peter Cooper, American Industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (b. 1791)
• April 30 - Edouard Manet, French painter (b. 1832)
• May 26 - Abdel Kadir, Algerian leader (b. 1808)
• May 26 - Edward Sabine, Irish astronomer (b. 1788)

July - December

• July 22 - Edward Ord, U.S. Army officer (b. 1818)
• September 3 - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (b. 1818)
• October 30 - Robert Volkmann, German composer (b. 1815)
• December 13 - Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (b. 1812)

Unknown dates

• (none)

See also Category: 1883 deaths.