State election in Bavaria 2013

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Official final result
(63.6% turnout - 1.6% invalid votes)
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
47.7
20.6
9.0
8.6
3.3
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.6
Gains and losses
compared to 2008
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
+4.3
+2.0
-1.2
-0.8
-4.7
-2.3
+1.0
± 0.0
+2.0
-0.4
    
A total of 180 seats

In the state elections in Bavaria in 2013 on September 15, 2013 around 9.4 million eligible voters had the opportunity to decide on the composition of the 17th Bavarian state parliament . The turnout was 63.6%. At the same time, the elections for the seven Bavarian district days and five referendums ( mandatory referendums ) to amend the Bavarian constitution took place.

→ For general information on the election of the Bavarian state parliament see under Bavarian state election system .

Election date

The postal ballot papers

According to Article 16, Paragraph 1 of the Bavarian Constitution, the election was to be held on a Sunday “59 months at the earliest, 62 months at the latest” after the previous state election in 2008 . This made it possible to hold it at the same time as the general election on September 22, 2013 . The Bavarian state government decided against this option in the cabinet meeting on February 20, 2013 and set the Bavarian election day to September 15, one week before the general election. The Prime Minister Horst Seehofer had already stated in advance that Bavaria was “the oldest, strongest and most successful country in Germany”, and that this justified its own election date. Interior Minister Joachim Herrmann justified the separate appointments with an otherwise delayed announcement of the state results due to the priority counting of the two Bundestag votes, with possible ambiguities due to the clear differences between state and federal electoral law and with the burden on the election workers due to the district elections and five votes that were also taking place to constitutional amendments. The SPD state chairman Florian Pronold , on the other hand, had called for a uniform election date and spoke of an “unreasonable burden on the citizens” and the risk of lower voter turnout.

Starting position

State election 2008
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
43.4
18.6
10.2
9.4
8.0
4.4
2.0
1.4
2.7
Otherwise.

In the state elections in 2008 , the CSU had lost the absolute majority in the Bavarian state parliament after 46 years , but remained the strongest party. In a coalition with the FDP - which moved back into the state parliament for the first time after three electoral terms - it continued to provide Prime Minister Horst Seehofer . In 2008, the SPD had its worst election result since the end of the war and, together with the Greens and the Free Voters, who were represented in the state parliament for the first time , formed the opposition.

Parties and candidates

Ten parties ran for the 2013 state election across Bavaria:

Another five parties competed in each of the seven constituencies:

Parties (or groups of voters) who were represented in the Bavarian State Parliament or in the German Bundestag at the time of the election could submit constituency proposals without any further obstacles. Other parties had to report their candidacy to the regional returning officer. Parties that achieved more than 1.25 percent of the votes cast in the state elections in 2008 could then submit election proposals without supporting signatures, this concerned the ÖDP and the REP. All other parties and groups of voters had to submit signatures of 1 per thousand for each constituency of those eligible to vote in this constituency. The decisive calculation basis for this was the number of voters of the last preceding state-wide vote, i.e. the referendum on the protection of non-smokers on July 4, 2010 for the 2013 state elections . This resulted in a minimum of 923 supporter signatures for Lower Bavaria, 846 for Upper Palatinate, 857 for Upper Franconia, 1270 for Middle Franconia, 1027 for Lower Franconia, Swabia 1335 and 2000 signatures for Upper Bavaria due to legal cap.

Of the parties eligible for election, the German Center Party , Die Violetten - for spiritual politics , the Pensioners Party Germany and the Water Party Germany did not submit any constituency proposals . Two organizations had expressed their intention to participate, but were not approved by the state electoral committee for submitting nominations: SustainableUnion - the Bavarian Sustainability Party submitted its application for approval 80 minutes before the deadline, contrary to form, by email and no longer corrected the formal error in time. The Party for Labor, Rule of Law, Animal Welfare, Promotion of the Elite and grassroots initiative did not fully reproduce the party name in the application for approval - the word "animal protection" was missing - and did not correct this despite several requests.

The AfD , which was founded in February 2013, did not take part in the election because it feared a negative signal for the 2013 federal election, which would take place a week later, if it failed .

Top candidates

The Bavarian Prime Minister is not elected by direct election, but by the members of the Bavarian State Parliament. The top candidates of the two major parties in the state elections are colloquially referred to as "Prime Minister candidates".

  • The CSU's top candidate was Prime Minister Horst Seehofer , who also ran for the state parliament in first place on the CSU constituency list in Upper Bavaria and as a constituency applicant in Neuburg-Schrobenhausen .
  • The top candidate of the SPD was the mayor of Munich, Christian Ude . He ran for a mandate in the state parliament in first place on the SPD constituency list of Upper Bavaria; he did not run for a direct mandate in any constituency .
  • The top candidate of the Free Voters was their parliamentary group leader Hubert Aiwanger . He ran for first place in the constituency list of Lower Bavaria and in the district of Landshut .
  • Green top candidate was their parliamentary group leader Margarete Bause , who also headed the constituency list of Bündnis 90 / Greens in Upper Bavaria and ran for the direct mandate in the Munich-Schwabing district .
  • The FDP's top candidate was Minister of Economics, Martin Zeil . He was placed at number 1 on the FDP constituency list of Upper Bavaria and a direct candidate in the Starnberg constituency .
  • The top candidate of the left was Munich city councilor Brigitte Wolf. She ran for first place in the constituency list of Upper Bavaria and in the Munich-Bogenhausen district .

Direct candidates

A total of 977 candidates applied for direct mandates in the 90 electoral districts. Of the ten nationally competing parties, eight had put up direct candidates in all constituencies, while Piraten and Die Linke left one constituency vacant ( Passau-West and Memmingen ). The Freedom and Women's List only put up direct candidates in two constituencies, BüSo only in one.

Of the 91 electoral district winners in the 2008 state elections, 56 applied again for a direct mandate. In two electoral districts ( Munich-Bogenhausen and Erding ), the relatively rare case occurred that the incumbent electoral district representative was defeated in an internal party vote and was not nominated again despite the intention to run again. In the Miesbach constituency , the previous member of the Bundestag, Ilse Aigner, and the member of the state parliament, Alexander Radwan, mutually exchanged direct applications and are now running for the other parliament.

The oldest direct candidate (born in 1925) ran for the NPD in the Landshut district , the youngest (born in 1994) in the Straubing district for the Greens.

List candidates

Ballot for the list candidates in the constituency of Upper Bavaria

All 977 constituency applicants also ran as list candidates for their parties in the constituencies. In addition, 785 pure list applicants were nominated, the total number of Landtag candidates was 1762. Pure list candidates had a significantly reduced chance of a seat, because the allocation of the list mandates is determined by the total number of votes (voting district and list votes added). Only the Greens , the Bavarian Party and the ÖDP had made use of the possibility of putting up list candidates for all 180 parliamentary seats to be awarded . The FDP put 176 out of 180 possible list candidates, the CSU 164, the SPD 158 and the Free Voters 148. BüSo had the lowest number of candidates with 5 and Die Freiheit with 6 candidates, both of which only ran in the constituency of Upper Bavaria.

The median age of all running candidates was 50 years old, with no significant differences among most nationally running parties. (CSU: 49, SPD and FDP: 48, Greens: 50, FW: 51, Left: 54, ÖDP: 52, Pirates: 39 years).

Coalition statements

Leading representatives of the CSU and FDP had declared their intention to continue the existing coalition in the new election period. However, this was not the case in the case of an absolute majority in the CSU. The SPD sought a three-party coalition made up of the SPD, the Greens and the Free Voters. Until the election, the Free Voters kept a coalition open with both the CSU and the SPD and the Greens.

Positions

Overview

This table can be used to compare the positions of the mainstream parties on various topics. They refer to the answers that the parties have given in the Wahl-O-Mat of the Federal Agency for Civic Education .

Overview positions
theses Christian Social Union, logo around 2000.svg Social Democratic Party of Germany, logo around 2000.svg Free choice Logo.svg Alliance 90 - The Greens Logo.svg Free Democratic Party (logo, 2013) .png
CSU SPD Bavaria Free voters Bavaria Alliance 90 /
The Green Bavaria		 FDP Bavaria
Longer opening times on working days No No No No Yes
Debt brake in the Bavarian constitution Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Germany- wide motorway toll for foreigners Yes No No No No
Regional rent ceilings for new rentals Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Greater financial support for organic farming Neutral Yes No Yes No
Increased video surveillance in public places Yes Neutral No No No
Joint lessons regardless of the students' cultural background Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Law enforcement for low levels of cannabis Yes No Yes No No
Lower state financial equalization payments Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Building ban on minarets No No No No No
Support for BAföG regardless of the parents' income No Yes No Yes Yes
Search for nuclear waste repositories in Bavaria No No Yes Yes No
Financial support for Munich's application for the 2022 Winter Olympics Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Introduction of a quota for women for management positions in the public service No Yes No Yes No
Funding of projects against political extremism Yes Yes Yes Neutral Yes
Preservation of the tripartite school system Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Commitment to the recovery of wealth tax No Yes No Neutral No
No solar systems on agricultural land No No Yes No Yes
More people with a migration background in the police force Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
No privatization of hospitals Neutral Yes Neutral No No
Complete equality between marriage and same-sex civil partnership No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Transfer of decision-making powers to the EU only by referendum Yes Yes Yes No No
Preferential treatment for Germans when awarding social housing No No No No No
Eligibility to vote from the age of 16 in state elections No Yes No Yes No
Impunity for tax evasion in the event of voluntary disclosure Neutral No No Neutral Yes
Dissolution of the Bavarian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution No Neutral No Yes No
Legal entitlement to a training place Neutral Yes No No No
Retention of the state education allowance Yes No Yes No Yes
Individual identification of police officers on large-scale operations No Yes Neutral Yes Yes
Electricity tax reduction Neutral Yes Yes No Yes
Promotion of cultural projects by migrants Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Retention of the increase in the standard retirement age to 67 years Yes No No Yes Yes
Unrestricted work permit for asylum seekers No Yes No Yes Yes
Maintaining the ban on dancing on the " quiet days " Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Construction of the third runway at Munich Airport Neutral No No No Yes
Reduction of the links between church and state in Bavaria No Neutral No Yes Yes
Ban on the use of snow cannons in Bavarian ski areas No Neutral No Neutral No

Election programs

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State election 2013 - Programs of the parties that ran for the state election across Bavaria:
(The election programs are linked in the web links section )

Election programs

CSU

The CSU presented on 15 July 2013, present a decided by the party leadership "Bayern plan" with four topics. The goals stated therein are to create full employment in Bavaria by 2018 and to "curb youth unemployment completely", to create equal opportunities in all parts of Bavaria, to achieve "no debts, no tax increases, no new paragraphs" and the state's debts completely by 2030 dismantling and maintaining all existing primary schools and creating an option between eight and nine-year grammar schools. The party congress approved the “ Bayern Plan ”.

SPD

The SPD Bavaria decided at the state party conference on 11/12. May 2013 in Augsburg a “government program” under the title “Bavaria can do it!”. In ten points, it names economic growth, fair wages and working conditions, educational opportunities, better childcare, more opportunities for women, solid financial policy, tenant protection and housing, opportunities for rural areas, openness and tolerance as well as a change of style as the focal points of government responsibility that is sought.

FW

The "Guidelines for the State Election 2013" of the Free Voters of Bavaria were decided on June 8, 2013 at the State Members' Meeting in Germering. Positions on 17 subject areas are presented under the title “Designing a home together for PEOPLE”. The focus is on regional development with the aim of equal living conditions and strengthening rural areas, education policy with the demand for freedom of choice between eight- and nine-year high school, energy policy with the focus on promoting decentralized energy supply and strengthening renewable energies as well as health policy with the Focus on comprehensive medical care.

Green

The state election program of the Bavarian Greens was decided at the state assembly on April 13 and 14, 2013 in Würzburg. It calls for a “modern, ecological, cosmopolitan and fair Bavaria” and a policy “that focuses on people and nature”. Individual points include strengthening regional development, promoting cooperation between municipalities, equal opportunities for women and men, ecological and social criteria in the state procurement of goods and services, placing climate protection at the center of state politics, limited land use certificates, a green one Agriculture and forestry with Bavaria as a GMO-free region as well as increased municipalization of the energy supply.

FDP

The FDP Bavaria put its election campaign under the motto "Bavaria's driving force" and decided on its state election program on January 27, 2013 at the state party conference in Fürth. Specific points include full employment throughout Bavaria by 2015, the abolition of shop opening bans on working days, more humane treatment of refugees, the prevention of tax increases, better data and consumer protection, the abolition of the health fund , a debt brake to be included in the constitution To make the Free State debt-free by 2030 at the latest, a “5-year TÜV” to review state law, the privatization of BayernLB , the replacement of state payments for church dignitaries, the abolition of second home taxes and the exemption from contributions for early childhood education. In addition, the Liberals in the program advocate greater limitation of state surveillance programs and better involvement of citizens in political decisions.

left

The Left Party calls for a strengthening of democratic fundamental rights, better health care in rural areas and the abandonment of the third runway at Munich Airport in the preamble of its delivered up on 20 April 2013 from the state convention in Nuremberg election program. Among other things, it advocates social housing, rent ceilings, free education from daycare to further education, renewable energies, an affordable basic supply of heat and energy from municipal sources and the priority of public transport. It rejects cuts in the social and educational sectors.

ÖDP

In its program, the Ecological Democratic Party focuses on more energy saving, energy efficiency and the increased use of renewable energies. According to the ÖDP, pensions, health and long-term care should be financed more through taxes. The ÖDP program requires a parenting salary of € 1,000. According to the ÖDP program, it is the duty of the state government to ensure affordable rents.

BP

In its “Ten Points in White-Blue” program, the Bavarian Party calls for the abolition of the solidarity surcharge, a simplification of tax law, more democracy and an independent Bavarian state. In her election manifesto she advocates the protection of the privacy of citizens and rejects a “surveillance state”. Another point in BP's election program is the expansion of biogas, wind power and small hydropower plants as well as the expansion of a decentralized power supply.

Pirates

The Pirate Party Germany wants to prevent corruption and reduce tax wastage in its “Landtag Election Program 13” with more transparency. According to the program, the pirates want to end state services to churches and abolish silent holidays. A childcare allowance is rejected in the pirate program, as is a quota for women in companies. In addition, the federal government must again become more involved in social housing.

Referendums

At the same time as the election, five referendums were held to amend the Constitution of the Free State of Bavaria . All the proposals were accepted by the voters.
(The wording and explanations of the referendums are linked in the web links section )

Referendums
Ballot for the amendment of the Bavarian constitution
Referendums in Bavaria in 2013
template Participation (absolute) Participation (in%) "Yes" votes (absolute) "Yes" votes (in%) "No" votes (absolute) "No" votes (in%) Invalid (absolute) Invalid (in%) Result
"Promotion of equal living and working conditions" 5,962,063 63.1% 4,936,357 89.6% 573.103 10.4% 452603 7.6% successfully
"Promotion of voluntary work for the common good" 5,962,063 63.1% 4,894,924 90.7% 503.120 9.3% 564.019 9.5% successfully
"European Union Affairs" 5,962,063 63.1% 4,418,721 84.1% 833,339 15.9% 710.003 11.9% successfully
"Debt brake" 5,962,063 63.1% 4,738,907 88.6% 607.062 11.4% 616.094 10.3% successfully
"Appropriate funding of the municipalities" 5,962,063 63.1% 4,902,018 91.6% 449.282 8.4% 610.763 10.2% successfully

Survey

A year before the state elections in autumn 2013, the CSU was able to count on a significantly improved result compared to the 2008 election. Depending on the poll, reaching an absolute majority in the CSU seemed possible at this point in time . While the SPD stagnated in the polls and the Greens could easily gain, the Free Voters had to expect a slightly worse result. In the case of the FDP, the Left and the Pirate Party, it was questionable whether they would overcome the five percent hurdle (it does not apply to moving into the district days, so less than 1% of the votes may be enough for a mandate in the Upper Bavaria district).

For the Sunday question, the opinion polls indicated the following proportions in the individual surveys ( n.a. not specified):

Survey
Institute date CSU SPD FW GREEN FDP LEFT PIRATES Others
Emnid 09/12/2013 47% 18% 8th % 12% 4% 4% 3% n / A.
Research group elections 06.09.2013 48% 20% 8th % 10% 4% n / A. n / A. 10%
Infratest dimap 05.09.2013 47% 21% 7% 11% 3% 3% n / A. 8th %
GMS 03.09.2013 47% 18% 8th % 13% 5% 3% 2% 4%
Emnid 08/28/2013 48% 18% 8th % 13% 4% 3% 3% 3%
Infratest dimap 07/17/2013 47% 18% 8th % 15% 3% 3% n / A. 6%
GMS 07/11/2013 47% 19% 10% 11% 5% 2% 2% 4%
Emnid 07/10/2013 47% 19% 9% 11% 5% 3% 3% 3%
Research group elections 06/14/2013 46% 20% 10% 13% 4% n / A. n / A. 7%
GMS 06/11/2013 46% 20% 9% 11% 4% 3% 2% 5%
Forsa 05/28/2013 46% 20% 9% 12% 4% 3% 2% 5%
GMS 05/02/2013 47% 20% 8th % 13% 3% 2% 2% 5%
INSA 04/22/2013 49% 18% 9% 16% 2% 2% n / A. 4%
GMS 03/06/2013 48% 21% 8th % 12% 3% 3% 2% 3%
TNS Infratest 02/12/2013 46% 19% 8th % 15% 3% 2% 3% 4%
Emnid 02/10/2013 48% 20% 9% 12% 3% 2% 3% 3%
Emnid January 15, 2013 48% 20% 8th % 12% 3% 3% 3% 3%
Forsa 01/10/2013 46% 18% 9% 13% 3% 4% 2% 5%
Infratest dimap 01/09/2013 47% 19% 9% 14% 3% 2% 3% 3%
GMS December 15, 2012 49% 22% 8th % 10% 4% n / A. 4% n / A.
GMS 11/20/2012 48% 20% 8th % 10% 5% 2% 4% n / A.
GMS October 19, 2012 48% 20% 8th % 10% 5% n / A. 4% 5%
Emnid 10/14/2012 48% 21% 8th % 10% 4% 2% 4% 3%
Emnid 09/18/2012 47% 21% 9% 10% 3% 2% 5% 3%
Emnid 08/13/2012 46% 20% 8th % 12% 3% 2% 6% 3%
GMS 07/17/2012 47% 19% 8th % 10% 4% n / A. 7% n / A
Forsa 04/07/2012 43% 23% 9% 11% 2% 2% 6% 4%
Emnid 06/24/2012 44% 22% 6% 13% 3% 1 % 7% 4%
Emnid 04/20/2012 46% 20% 7% 12% 2% 2% 8th % 3%
Emnid March 24, 2012 46% 20% 8th % 13% 2% 2% 5% 4%
Infratest dimap 04/01/2012 44% 21% 8th % 14% 3% 2% 4% 4%
GMS 04/01/2012 42% 22% 9% 12% 2% 2% 5% 6%
Emnid December 21, 2011 44% 21% 9% 13% 2% 2% 5% n / A.
Forsa 12/11/2011 41% 24% 9% 10% 3% 3% 6% BP 1%
other 3%

Result

Counting the votes
First vote results according to constituencies (party membership of the constituency winner)

According to the official final result, Prime Minister Horst Seehofer's CSU won 4.3 percentage points compared to the 2008 election . As was the case between 1962 and 2008, it was able to provide an absolute majority of elected officials. The SPD gained two percentage points compared to the 2008 result, which was the worst result in the history of the Bavarian SPD since the end of the war.

The free voters lost 1.2 percentage points compared to 2008, but moved back into the state parliament and again became the third largest parliamentary group. The Greens were able to get 20,000 more votes than in the last election, but their share of the vote fell to 8.6 percent due to the higher turnout. The FDP lost more than half of its voters and failed with 3.3% of the five percent hurdle , as did all other parties.

Final result of the state elections on September 15, 2013
Political party First
votes		 Second
votes		 Overall
votes		 Sum
in percent		 Compared
to 2008		 Seats Compared
to 2008
Valid votes / total seats 5,923,977 5,897,815 11,821,792 100.0% - 180 −7
CSU 2,754,256 2,882,169 5,636,425 47.7% + 4.3% 101 +9
SPD 1,208,444 1,228,957 2,437,401 20.6% + 2.0% 42 +3
FW 580.701 481.852 1,062,553 9.0% −1.2% 19th −2
GREEN 522.317 497.056 1,019,373 8.6% −0.8% 18th −1
FDP 195.920 194.118 390.038 3.3% −4.7% - −16
LEFT 128.089 123.008 251.097 2.1% −2.3% - -
BP 137.323 110.177 247,500 2.1% +1.0% - -
ÖDP 127,361 112.064 239.425 2.0% ± 0.0% - -
PIRATES 121,266 113.140 234,406 2.0% + 2.0% - -
REP 62.133 55,585 117,718 1.0% −0.4% - -
THE FRANKS 44,321 42,963 87.284 0.7% + 0.7% - -
NPD 37,444 37,404 74,848 0.6% −0.6% - -
WOMEN LIST 3,410 12,671 16,081 0.1% + 0.1% - -
THE FREEDOM 764 5,260 6,024 0.1% + 0.1% - -
BüSo 228 1,391 1,619 0.0% ± 0.0% - -

The turnout of 63.6 percent was 5.7 percentage points higher than in 2008 (plus 600,000 voters). Thus more than a third of those eligible to vote did not take part in the election. 1.6 percent of the votes cast were invalid.

Exhaustion of total votes


Votes without influence on the distribution of seats in the 2013 state election
Non-voters
x 2
(votes) 		Of voters
not
given
votes 		Invalid
overall votes 		Total votes
for parties
with no seats 		Votes
without any influence
on the
distribution of seats
overall 		Eligible voters
x 2
(votes) 		Column 5
:
Column 6
in%
1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th
6,873,236 1,421 187,577 1,666,040 8,728,274 18,884,026 46.2%


First vote and constituency results

The size of the 90 Bavarian constituencies ranged from 80,143 eligible voters ( constituency Pfaffenhofen adIlm ) to 131,655 eligible voters ( constituency Kulmbach ). The constituency with the lowest voter turnout was Nuremberg-West with 51.7%, the highest turnout was recorded in Munich-Land-Süd with 74.3%.

The direct candidates of the CSU were successful in 89 of the 90 electoral districts. In 29 electoral districts, the CSU candidate not only achieved the required simple majority, but also an absolute majority with an initial vote of more than 50 percent. The highest proportion of first votes in Bavaria with 63.1% was achieved by Marcel Huber in the Mühldorf am Inn district , the top candidate Horst Seehofer (61.5% in the Neuburg-Schrobenhausen district ) and Reserl Sem (59.1% in the Rottal-Inn district ).

Ruth Waldmann obtained the direct mandate for the SPD in the Munich-Milbertshofen district , where she took up the position for the first time as the successor to the previous SPD district member Franz Maget . With a difference of 1136 votes (1.5 percentage points), this constituency also showed the smallest difference between the winning and next-placed direct candidate. Other relatively tight decisions were made in the constituencies of Munich-Schwabing (difference 2.3 percentage points) and Nuremberg-North (3.1 percentage points).

The Free Voters did not achieve a direct mandate, but were ahead of the SPD in twelve electoral districts with the first votes. In three electoral districts ( Forchheim , Cham , Landshut ) they achieved more than 20 percent of the first votes. The Greens also did not achieve a direct mandate, their candidates were in the constituencies of Freising - here Christian Magerl received 25.2% of the first votes - and Berchtesgadener Land, but ahead of those of the SPD, whose applicants only came fourth in these two circles.

Due to the Bavarian electoral system, in which the first and second votes are equally relevant for the majority in parliament, the “vote splitting” in voting behavior was of comparatively little importance: In the majority of the electoral districts, the first vote share of the direct applicants of the two major parties only differs by less than two percent of the total number of votes achieved there. For the CSU this applies in 57, for the SPD in 68 of the 90 electoral districts. The clearest differences between the first and total votes were found for the CSU in Kelheim , where the direct candidate did 4.0 percentage points better than his party, and in the constituencies Altötting and Pfaffenhofen with 5.1 percentage points each. In the SPD, the greatest differences were in Hof (candidate plus 4.0 percentage points compared to the party) and in Mühldorf a.Inn (candidate 4.8 percentage points worse). The only constituency in which the difference between the first and second vote actually had an impact on the acquisition of the direct mandate was Munich-Schwabing : If the SPD direct applicant Isabell Zacharias had her party's overall result 3.3 percentage points better with her first votes achieved, the direct mandate would have gone to her instead of the CSU applicant, Minister of Education and Cultural Affairs Ludwig Spaenle .

In terms of share of the total votes, the smaller parties that failed nationwide at the five percent hurdle achieved their best individual results in the following constituencies: FDP in Starnberg (9.1%; in six other constituencies over five percent), Linke in Nuremberg -Nord (4.9%), ÖDP in Rottal-Inn (4.7%), Republicans in Erding (2.9%), Bavarian party in Marktoberdorf (7.0%; in another district over five percent), NPD in Weiden , Bamberg-Land and Deggendorf (1.9% each), Piraten in Nuremberg-North and Nuremberg-West (each 3.3%), BüSo in Altötting (0.3%), Die Freiheit in München-Hadern ( 0.5%), the Franks in Hof (4.3%) and list of women in Donau-Ries (3.7%).

Constituency results and list mandates

Counting of the second votes for the state parliament
Number of votes for a successful mandate

Due to the two-stage procedure for the allocation of the list mandates and the independent consideration of each of the seven constituencies, the total number of votes required for the individual success of the mandate differs greatly depending on the list and administrative district: The lowest total number of votes sufficient for a mandate was 11,570 votes ( Gabi Schmidt on the constituency list of Middle Franconia for free voters). Thus, 54 candidates from the CSU, SPD, Free Voters or Greens did not move into the state parliament, although they had more overall votes than this successful candidate when viewed across Bavaria and across lists. The candidate with the highest number of votes without a successful mandate had 32,033 total votes ( Michael Hohl on the Upper Franconia constituency list of the CSU).

List applicants without voting circles

Since the applicant's total number of votes determines his placement in the list-internal ranking, pure list applicants have a considerable disadvantage in the Bavarian electoral system because they cannot be elected as direct candidates in any constituency and can therefore only receive second votes. Nevertheless, 19 list candidates from the CSU, SPD, Free Voters or Greens succeeded in surpassing the total votes of at least one electoral district applicant on the same list simply through the second votes cast for them.

This was successfully achieved by prominent list leaders who waived a constituency candidacy (SPD top candidate Christian Ude , President of the State Parliament Barbara Stamm ) or had to do without (European Minister Emilia Müller ), but also the Green candidate Sepp Dürr , who received the total votes of 26 constituency candidates through his second votes alone surpassed his list and thus again won one of the seven green mandates in the constituency of Upper Bavaria. In a similar situation, however, the re-entry of the former Freising District Administrator and Free Voter MP Manfred Pointner into the state parliament failed: with 10,744 votes, he achieved the third-best second vote result on his list and exceeded the total number of votes of 23 of the 30 constituency applicants of his party, for one of the five Upper Bavarian list mandates were missing around 1850 votes. Nationwide and across all parties, 13 non-voting district candidates won one of the 90 list mandates.

Personalization and list leader shares

In the Bavarian electoral system, the second vote can also be given in a personalized manner, each applicant eligible for a second vote - up to 59 per list - was listed with its own voting field. In contrast to local elections, however, there are no additional voting fields on the ballot paper, so that if there is no personal preference, an unpersonalized “party vote” can be given. A marking of the party in the list header is considered a valid vote and is included in the calculation of the number of mandates. Throughout Bavaria and across the lists of the four successful parties, 1.09 percent of voters (around 55,000 second votes) decided not to personalize them in this way. The CSU constituency list of Lower Franconia (0.58% non-personalized second votes) and the list of free voters in Upper Bavaria (2.33% non-personalized) showed extreme values.

The list leaders, i.e. the mostly prominent candidates listed in first place on a constituency list, achieved a significantly higher number of second votes than their list competitors and, on average, received around 45% of the second votes for all constituencies and successful lists. As maximum values, Christian Ude received 84% of the second votes given for all SPD list applicants in Upper Bavaria, and Horst Seehofer 67% of the second votes given there for the CSU. Barbara Stamm drew 64% of the CSU second votes in Lower Franconia, Hubert Aiwanger in Lower Bavaria 49% of the free second votes. This list leader effect, on the other hand, was clearly below average in the free voter list in Upper Bavaria ( Eva Gottstein with 17% of the second votes on her list) and in the Greens list in Lower Bavaria ( Rosi Steinberger with 16%). In four constituency lists (Interior Minister Joachim Herrmann in the CSU in Middle Franconia, Johanna Werner-Muggendorfer in the SPD in Lower Bavaria, Bernhard Pohl and Peter Meyer in the Free Voters in Swabia and Upper Franconia), the candidate ranked first received only the second highest number of votes, however, these candidates drew between 19 and 29 percent of the second votes.

Successors

In the event of a member's premature resignation, the mandate - regardless of whether it was a list or constituency mandate - is filled by the next candidate in his constituency list; in the previous 16th electoral term this occurred in eight cases. With seven constituencies and four parties represented in parliament, there are 28 “first successors”. In some cases, the difference in votes that decided between successful mandate and successor status was very small: Manfred Losinger was missing on the CSU constituency list Swabia with 20,875 total votes, only 185 votes to win the last list mandate instead of his internal party rival Eric Beißwenger . The previous green member of the state parliament and parliamentary group leader Martin Runge lacked 191 votes for a renewed mandate in Upper Bavaria compared to his list competitor Katharina Schulze . Also in Upper Bavaria, the CSU applicant Markus Fröschl was 238 votes behind Martin Huber with 11618 votes . In contrast, the SPD candidate and Mühldorf mayor Günther Knoblauch initially just failed in the same constituency (16,399 total votes, 265 votes behind Doris Rauscher ), but is represented in the new state parliament because list leader Christian Ude did not accept his mandate.

Trivia

  • Among the candidates who drew special attention in the election were the music producer and Grand Prix participant Leslie Mandoki , who ran for the CSU on the Upper Bavaria constituency list. He got 7287 second votes and remained six places away from a list mandate.
  • The pop singer and previous Free Voter MP Ute Singer , who appeared on the ballot papers in the constituency of Upper Bavaria with the addition "called Claudia Jung", did not succeed in re-entering the state parliament. She reached seventh place with five list mandates to be awarded.
  • The oldest successful candidate - and thus also the age president at the constituent session of the 17th Bavarian State Parliament - was again Peter Paul Gantzer, born in 1938 (SPD, constituency list Upper Bavaria). The youngest successful applicant was Judith Gerlach (CSU, Lower Franconia).

See also

Web links

Commons : State election in Bavaria 2013  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Information on voting:

Overview of election programs:

Wording and explanations of the referendums:

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Regional Returning Officer of the Free State of Bavaria: Press release: State election in Bavaria on September 15, 2013, preliminary official final result. (PDF, 247 kB) Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing, September 16, 2013, p. 3 , accessed on September 23, 2013 . Regional Returning Officer of the Free State of Bavaria: Preliminary result with 90 out of 90 electoral districts
  2. ↑ Overview data from the Land Returning Officer
  3. ↑ Wahlrecht.de
  4. ↑ nordbayern.de CSU: Separate dates for federal and state elections 2013? ( Memento of the original from September 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nordbayern.de
  5. ↑ Bavarian State Government: Report from the cabinet meeting on February 20, 2013 ( Memento of the original of September 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bayern.de
  6. ↑ Two election dates in the fall are an imposition for the citizens , Welt Online from January 27, 2013
  7. ↑ Press release of the regional returning officer of July 23, 2013 (PDF; 113 kB)
  8. ↑ Announcement of the regional returning officer of the Free State of Bavaria of March 7, 2013 (PDF; 30 kB): Call for submission of constituency proposals
  9. ↑ Wahlrecht.de
  10. ↑ Announcement by the regional returning officer of June 28, 2013 (PDF; 8 kB)
  11. ↑ Elena Kretschmer: New Party: Ulrich Schulz and the Water Party Germany , Augsburger Allgemeine Online from June 18, 2013, accessed on July 3, 2013
  12. ^ Donaukurier of June 28, 2013: The hurdles of the small parties
  13. ↑ Alternative for Germany does not take part in the Bavarian election , Augsburger Allgemeine on May 11, 2013
  14. ↑ Nomination on May 3, 2013 at the party convention in Munich, cf. Seehofer is the top candidate in the Landtag , Mittelbayerische.de from May 3, 2013
  15. ↑ Nomination on October 21, 2012 at the SPD state party conference in Nuremberg, cf. Christian Ude opens the SPD election campaign , Spiegel Online from October 21, 2012
  16. ↑ Nomination on October 13, 2012 at the state party conference in Roth, cf. Aiwanger now officially the top candidate , Augsburger Allgemeine Online from October 13, 2012
  17. ↑ Nomination on October 6, 2012 at the state party conference in Rosenheim, cf. Bause elected as the top Green candidate in Bavaria , Süddeutsche Zeitung Online from October 6, 2012
  18. ↑ Nomination on January 26, 2013 at the state party conference in Fürth, cf. Katja Auer: election campaign with mustache , sueddeutsche.de from January 27, 2013
  19. ↑ Die.Linke Oberbayern: List of candidates for the 2013 state elections ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.die-linke-bayern.de
  20. ↑ Seehofer corrects target in state elections , Mittelbayerische.de of May 18, 2013
  21. ↑ Wahl-O-Mat-Theses (PDF) Compare your personal standpoints with the positions of the parties at Wahl-o-mat.de .
  22. ↑ Party executive committee of the CSU: Four focal points of the Bayern plan ( Memento of the original of July 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 15, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.csu.de
  23. ↑ Bayernplan ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.2 MB), csu.de on July 19, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.csu.de
  24. ↑ SPD Bavaria: Bavaria can do it! The government program (PDF; 2.4 MB), accessed on July 15, 2013
  25. ↑ Guidelines of the Free Voters Bavaria for the state elections fw-static.de (PDF; 440 kB)
  26. ↑ Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Bayern: Election program for the Bavarian state elections 2013 (PDF; 1.2 MB), accessed on July 15, 2013
  27. ↑ FDP Bayern: Program of the FDP Bayern for the 2013 state elections ( memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.1 MB), accessed on August 31, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.fdp-bayern.de
  28. ↑ FDP Bayern: Abbreviated dialing program ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. as well as audio and light language version @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.fdp-bayern.de
  29. ↑ Political parties: Bavaria's Left Party advises in Nuremberg on the Focus election program on April 20, 2013
  30. ↑ abbreviated dialing program for the state elections 2013 (PDF; 3.9 MB)
  31. ^ Bayerischer Rundfunk: ÖDP - Topics and Positions http://www.br.de/wahl/fragen-partments-oedp-100.html ( Memento from September 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  32. ↑ Bayernpartei: Ten points in white and blue landesverband.bayernpartei.de
  33. ↑ Bayerischer Rundfunk: Bayernpartei - Topics and Positions http://www.br.de/wahl/fragen-pektiven-bayernpartei-100.html ( Memento from September 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  34. ↑ Piraten - Landtag election program 13 at piratenpartei-bayern.de
  35. ↑ Bayerischer Rundfunk: Piratenpartei - Topics and Positions http://www.br.de/wahl/fragen-pektiven-piraten-100.html ( Memento from September 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  36. ^ Official final result of the referendums . The Regional Returning Officer of the Free State of Bavaria.
  37. ↑ Martin Fehndrich: factual blocking clause. Quota procedure with remaining balance according to the largest fraction (Hare / Niemeyer). In: Wahlrecht.de . Martin Fehndrich, May 26, 2011, accessed on September 20, 2013 : "In general, it can be said that a party that has won votes for half a seat has a 50% probability of moving into parliament [...]."
  38. ↑ State election in Bavaria 2013 . Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  39. ↑ Election to the 17th Bavarian State Parliament in Bavaria on September 15, 2013 - final result - text, tables, diagrams (PDF; 3135 kB) . Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing. June 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2018.