Geschwister-Scholl-Institut

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Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science
- GSI -
Sponsorship Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich
place Oettingenstrasse 67

80538 Munich

state BavariaBavaria Bavaria
country GermanyGermany Germany
management Managing Director: Berthold Rittberger

Deputy managing director: Klaus H. Goetz

Networks European Consortium for Political Research
Website www.gsi.lmu.de
Main entrance of the GSI

The Geschwister-Scholl-Institut (GSI) is the political science institute at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU). It is named after the siblings Hans and Sophie Scholl , who were members of the White Rose and who resisted National Socialism .

By naming it after the Scholl siblings, the GSI is committed to the worldview of freedom , democracy and tolerance , and to teaching that conveys these values ​​to students and encourages them to be critical.

overview

As one of the largest political science institutes in Germany, the GSI has an extraordinary influence in practical politics with the affiliated think tank CAP ( Center for Applied Political Research ). The founding director was Professor Eric Voegelin .

The Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science received the best rating for the indicator research reputation in the CHE ranking 2019 and is therefore in first place in Germany.

History of Political Science in Munich

The history of political science at the University of Munich begins with the LMU moving from Landshut to Munich in 1826 . In Munich, subjects such as camera science and police science , which are understood as predecessor disciplines of political science, established themselves at the university .

With the move, a so-called Cameral Institute was set up, which can be seen as the forerunner of the state economics faculty, in which political science was to find its first academic location after the Second World War.

Historical precursors of political science at the University of Munich

At the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century, the newly established political sciences at LMU continued approaches that were founded by legal scholars, political philosophers, theologians and historians. These approaches were mainly located in camera science and police science .

The particular importance of the LMU's Cameral Institute, which was newly established with the move, was due primarily to the fact that attending lectures on camera science was compulsory for students of all faculties. In addition to the fiscal sector (later finance science ) and the economics sector ( later business administration ), the members of the institute mainly focused on the areas of "police matters" and official economic management (later economic policy ) as well as the field of territorial domestic policy (a sub-discipline of later political science). That was laid great emphasis on maintaining and developing the cameral studies corresponded to the practical orientation of the government Montgelas among Bavaria's first king Max I . One year after the university moved to Munich , Ludwig I appointed Joseph von Görres to the history chair, which he considered the most important . In Munich, this important journalist became a powerful spokesman for political Catholicism .

Under Max II , who was particularly concerned with the promotion of science and who used the methodological possibilities of historical science to study politics, other prominent historians were appointed to Munich. Then came to Munich Leopold von Rankes , Carl Adolf Cornelius , Wilhelm von Giesebrecht and Heinrich von Sybel , who in the discussion about German unity was so passionate about a small German solution that the good relationship with the king suffered. In 1858 the Historical Commission was founded at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , and Leopold von Ranke became its first president. The primary task of this commission was the study and evaluation of political files. In the political science faculty, Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl with his "Bavaria" drew the attention of those interested in politics from the main actors in politics to the people - to the people who support society and the state in their social reality. The law faculty was adorned by Max von Seydel , a commentator on the German constitution of 1871, who provided political impulses.

Political science approaches at the University of Munich in the first half of the 20th century

“Thinking from the state” was characteristic of the older German political science that is traditional in continental Europe. For them the state was the fulcrum of scientific reflection. The place of organization of political science was therefore initially the law and political science faculties.

In the first half of the 20th century , it was above all the constitutional lawyer Hans Nawiasky who looked outside the box of a purely normative legal scholarship. Alongside Wilhelm Hoegner, Nawiasky is considered to be the creator of the Bavarian Constitution of 1946 and the German Basic Law . Nawiasky became the founder of the Institute for Public Law and Politics located in the Law Faculty.

Another political science dimension at the University of Munich is shown above all by the work of the - liberal-minded - economist Lujo Brentano , who was not least concerned with the trade unions and the balance between the social partners . His successor was Max Weber , one of the most astute sociologists, economic historians and political publicists in German university history. With his groundbreaking work on political sociology and legal sociology , Max Weber has secured a respectable place in the ancestral gallery of political science and made a major advancement in political science at the University of Munich. Georg von Hertling , who was appointed to the Philosophical Faculty in 1882 and who , as a philosopher, published numerous sociological works on contemporary issues, was equally effective . In 1909 Hertling became chairman of the center faction in the Reichstag , in 1917 Prussian Prime Minister and Reich Chancellor - as such the penultimate of the Empire. For historians oriented towards political science, Karl Theodor von Heigel and his successors Erich Marcks , Hermann Onken and Arnold Oskar Meyer should be mentioned, all of whom worked on Bismarck , as well as Siegmund von Riezler and his successor Michael Doeberl on the Chair of Bavarian History created in 1898. As masters of political historiography, both dealt intensively with contemporary issues. Last but not least, the Munich historians also dealt with the political consequences of the German defeat in the First World War .

The increased importance of the press in public awareness after the transition to parliamentary democracy led to the establishment of the first German chair for newspaper studies at the University of Munich in 1924 . Karl d'Ester , who was to become the founder of a special Munich school of newspaper science, was appointed to this chair .

Since the end of the 19th century looming and after the end of World War further enhancing shock to the civil law and the nation state led to the formation of the specific social sciences , whose characteristic shifting the line of sight of the objectives on the reasons and backgrounds of political Behavior as well as the effort to increase the methodical sharpness and the empirical significance.

For the ideologues of the Third Reich , sociology and political science - whether Marxist or traditionally conservative - were disruptive sciences whose analytical potential threatened to damage the völkisch thought as the spiritual foundation of the new Reich and therefore had to be fought. Numerous social scientists were driven into emigration, of which only a small part was supposed to return to Germany after the Second World War.

The re-establishment of political science at the University of Munich after the Second World War

The so-called Munich School of Political Science, i.e. the normatively oriented political science at the University of Munich after the Second World War, was shaped by the emigrant Eric Voegelin . He had the Third Reich in the United States survived and was, therefore, from the perspective of the United States and in the public opinion of the postwar period in Germany capable of emanating from the US, signs of re-education of the standing impetus for the promotion - now widely understood as democracy Science - Implement and pass on political science in research and teaching.

The USA was predestined to give such impulses in the sense of re-education, not least because political science in the Anglo-Saxon area and sphere of influence had continuously changed from natural law contract theory to the theory of the constitutional state , which was not the case in continental European developments. Political science, which had become democratic science in the Anglo-Saxon sense, was therefore also intended to have an educational role.

Political education in the sense of promoting democratic consciousness got stuck in the Weimar period. And this despite the fact that citizenship had been anchored in the curriculum of German schools as a regular subject in accordance with Article 148 of the Weimar Constitution . The fact that after the Second World War the USA emphatically demanded the establishment of German teaching institutions for political science and political (adult) education is also to be understood under this aspect.

The Munich School of Politics was founded back in 1950 . In the budget of the Free State of Bavaria for 1956, the Hoegner government , a coalition of SPD , FDP , BP and GB / BHE , designated the first Munich chair for political science - and this in the State Economics Faculty.

From this background, a separate institute for political science was established at the University of Munich in 1958 under the direction of Eric Voegelin. Thanks to his international fame, Voegelin managed to organize German and American donations to set up the institute and to win foreign guest lecturers.

At the Pädagogische Hochschule München-Pasing , which was affiliated to the philosophy faculty of the university, two chairs for politics were established in quick succession.

The history of the Munich Institute for Political Science begins with the appointment of Eric Voegelin in 1958. Since January 30, 1968, at the suggestion of Gottfried-Karl Kindermann, it has been renamed the “Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science of the University of Munich”.

Eric Voegelin, who completed his habilitation in Vienna , had to leave Austria in 1938 and then taught at various American universities. Thanks to his international connections and his international fame, Voegelin succeeded in organizing German and American donations to set up the institute (which was initially admitted at Theresienstrasse 3–5) and in attracting important foreign guest lecturers. Because of these achievements, the institute gradually gained a special position. In addition, there was the awareness of participating in the establishment of a new subject whose humanities access extended far beyond the research radius of the disciplines within which the preoccupation with partial aspects of the political was previously located.

The remigrant Eric Voegelin had completely different ideas than the Frankfurt School, which was also shaped by remigrants . Voegelin was concerned with the reconstruction of political science as a normative regulatory science that sought to find its course between positivist freedom of values and Marxist doctrines of value attachment . Convinced from direct personal experience of the advantages of the American department system, Voegelin endeavored from the beginning to implement a dynamic personnel structure that would enable interdisciplinary work and raise political science to the rank of real integration science. In the following years, Voegelin gathered students from various disciplines around him, with whom he worked to achieve this goal. As universal as Voegelin's concept was, the missing pragmatists in particular lacked the comprehensive perception of the educational mandate. As early as October 1959, the head of the university department in the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture noted that in view of Voegelin's predominantly intellectual history orientation, a second chair in political science was urgently required to look after the social studies teachers . The Bergstraesser student Hans Maier was appointed to this chair in 1962 .

In 1963 the institute moved from its previous location on Theresienstraße to the house at Konradstraße 6. The following years were marked by the creation of new chairs and the expansion of research and teaching at the institute. The first German chair for international politics was given to Gottfried-Karl Kindermann in 1967 , and the chair for political theory and philosophy to Nikolaus Lobkowicz from the USA . Kurt Sontheimer (1968) came from the Otto Suhr Institute in Berlin, which was shaken by student unrest, and the law and political scientist Peter Cornelius Mayer-Tasch (1971) from the Law Faculty of the University of Mainz came to the Geschwister-Scholl-Institut. Federalism expert Heinz Laufer (1969), Dieter Grosser (1974 ), who specializes in the relationship between politics and economics, and Voegelin student and Third World researcher Peter Joachim Opitz (1977) took on additional professorships .

In 1974 Peter Christian Ludz was appointed to the Voegelin chair .

In 1968 the institute moved again, this time to Ludwigstrasse 10, near the main building of the university.

With the reorganization of the faculties of the university through the Bavarian Higher Education Act in 1974, all political science professorships from the political economy, philosophy and educational science faculty were combined in the social science department (again since 1979 social science faculty ).

In 1990 the Eric Voegelin Archive was founded at GSI, which has since devoted itself intensively to Voegelin research and the publication of Voegelin's works in German.

In 1995 Werner Weidenfeld was finally appointed, who today heads the Center for Applied Political Research (CAP) affiliated to the GSI. In 1996 the Geschwister-Scholl-Institut got its final place in the former building of Radio Free Europe in the English Garden .

Well-known professors and alumni

Active professors with teaching units

Former professors

Alumni

Teaching and studying

Bachelor of Arts (BA)

The GSI offers a six-semester bachelor's degree (Bachelor of Arts, BA) in which the basics of political science are taught. The bachelor's degree in Political Science is based on a clearly structured program in which, on the one hand, the disciplinary core of political science is introduced through a three-semester basic course in which the entire breadth of the discipline is introduced. On the other hand, one can then gradually set individual priorities in the political science areas on this basis.

The course is research-oriented. Particular attention is paid to method training (quantitative and qualitative methods), which allows students to relate theory and empirical reality to one another.

In addition, a minor with 60 ECTS points must be chosen. There are u. a. Minor subjects such as sociology , communication studies , economics , history , law, and philosophy are available.

Master of Arts (MA)

At GSI, you can acquire a “Master of Arts (MA)” degree by studying for four semesters. The course is essentially disciplinary and is studied without a minor. A one-semester basic course provides an overview of the three main areas of focus of the master’s content: Theory and empiricism of democratic politics, international and European politics and governance and public policy. Depending on your interests, you decide for yourself about the further study profile.

In addition, two double master degree options are offered together with two partner universities as part of the master’s program:

International contacts

The GSI has a wide range of international contacts to renowned partner universities, such as the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris (SciencesPo) , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem or the University of British Columbia , from which you can benefit when studying abroad. In addition, internationally recognized political scientists are regularly invited to Munich as visiting professors.

Voegelin Center for Politics, Culture and Religion

The Voegelin Center, which is connected to the GSI, sees it as its central task to enable and expand an in-depth scientific examination of the subject area of ​​politics, culture and religion in research and teaching of the Geschwister-Scholl-Institute. The center emerged from the Eric Voegelin Archive , founded by Peter J. Opitz in 1990 , which over the years has become a flagship of international Voegelin research. Accordingly, the center pursues two thematic priorities. On the one hand, the work of the Eric Voegelin Archive is being continued at the center, i.e. intensive research into the philosophical work of Eric Voegelin. Eric Voegelin's not yet published works are translated and published; New articles on Voegelin research are published in the Voegeliniana series as well as in the Periagoge series published by Wilhelm Fink Verlag . The holdings of the Voegelin library include primary and secondary literature on Voegelin and others. a. the microfilm holdings of the Hoover Institution as well as numerous, otherwise difficult to access articles, manuscripts and correspondence. On the other hand, the center pursues the second focus already mentioned: an intensified examination of the subject area of ​​politics, culture and religion. This topic has gained enormous importance and attention in recent years. a. in the context of the debates about a “return of religion” or with a view to new forms of religious fundamentalism . The center is dedicated to the relationship between politics and religion from a primarily political-theoretical perspective, but is expressly committed to an interdisciplinary approach.

MCG - Munich Center on Governance, Communication, Public Policy and Law

The Munich Center on Governance, Communication, Public Policy and Law (MCG), at which the Geschwister-Scholl-Institute is represented, has been set up at the Social Science Faculty of the LMU. The MCG is an interdisciplinary research center and part of the LMUinnovativ concept. The main concern of the MCG is to use its research to contribute to a better understanding of the various governance arrangements.

The MCG is an interdisciplinary institution of the LMU Munich, in which the subject of "Governance in modern societies" is researched jointly by political scientists, lawyers, economists and communication scientists.

Center for Applied Policy Research (CAP)

The Center for Applied Political Research (CAP) was founded in 1995 by Werner Weidenfeld at the Chair for Political Systems and European Unification of the Geschwister-Scholl-Institute with the aim of providing long-term strategy advice and with an interest in scientifically based guidance for politics, business and civil society .

As an independent think tank, the CAP tries to close the gap between politics and science with its special work approach of "applied political research". The CAP is one of the largest university institutes for policy advice on European and international issues in Germany.

The CAP raises its funds through projects and partnerships with foundations, state institutions and companies. It organizes scientific expertise in order to develop strategies and options for current political issues. The research groups and various projects of the center combine the international and interdisciplinary analysis with concrete proposals for political practice.

Heinz and Sybille Laufer Foundation for Political Science

Heinz Laufer was Professor of Political Science and Public Law at LMU. The Heinz and Sybille Laufer Foundation established by him and his wife promotes political science, among other things by awarding scholarships and research assignments for excellent dissertations and habilitation theses .

The Laufer Lecture is held once a semester at the Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science. Among the speakers at the Laufer Lecture in recent years have been a. Wolfgang Merkel , Sigrid Roßteutscher , Manfred G. Schmidt , Wolfgang Seibel , Seongyi Yun.

The Model United Nations project group at GSI

NMUN Munich is a project seminar at the LMU, which sends a delegation to New York every year to participate in the National Model United Nations (NMUN). The Munich project group is based at the Geschwister-Scholl-Institut.

The NMUN is the largest and most professional simulation of the United Nations , which has been carried out annually since 1946 during Holy Week in New York in close cooperation with the United Nations. T. takes place at the original locations. More than 5000 selected students from numerous large American, Canadian, European, Asian and African universities take part. The aim of UN simulations is to familiarize students with the structures and functions of the individual bodies of the United Nations. The main topics and the organizational structure of the NMUN committees are designed in such a way that they reflect reality as realistically as possible.

Since 1987, the LMU Munich has been sending a delegation to New York to participate in NMUN. When selecting the country to be represented, the Munich Group attaches great importance to the fact that it lies outside of the European cultural area in order to enable the participating students to gain even greater added value in terms of experience.

The LMU Munich is one of the most successful universities in New York every year and regularly receives at least one of the coveted awards from the organizers. The Munich-based group recently underpinned this status with awards in the highest categories “Outstanding Position Paper” and “Outstanding Delegation”, as well as “Outstanding Delegates” awards given by the committees.

The awards of the Munich group as representatives included:

  • 2010 (United Arab Emirates): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2011 (Russian Federation): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2013 (Qatar): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2014 (China): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2015 (Belarus): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2016 (France): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2017 (India and Kiribati): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2018 (Brazil): Outstanding Delegation, Outstanding Position Paper
  • 2019 (Israel): Outstanding Delegation, 4 Outstanding Position Papers, 2 Outstanding Delegates

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ CHE Ranking: Ranking results for the indicator research reputation. Retrieved January 23, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science in 1st place in German Political Science - Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science (GSI) - LMU Munich. Retrieved January 23, 2020 .
  3. ^ History of the Faculty - Faculty of Business Administration - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 10, 2020 .
  4. ↑ DIRECTORY OF PEOPLE AND LECTURES OF THE LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH. Retrieved on February 10, 2020 (German).
  5. ^ Wilhelm Bleek: Political Science | bpb. Retrieved February 10, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Zeno: Lexicon entry on »Camera Science«. Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, ... Retrieved February 10, 2020 .
  7. ^ Gerhard Schulz: The German literature between the French Revolution and restoration and restoration. Part 2. Munich 1989, p. 49 .
  8. ^ Beyme, Klaus von: Conservatism: Theories of conservatism and right-wing extremism in the age of ideologies 1789-1945. Wiesbaden 2013, p. 75 .
  9. ↑ Historical Commission: Organization. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Eminent constitutional lawyer and founding curator of the Academy. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  11. ↑ History of IfKW - Institute of Communication and Media Research (IfKW) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  12. ↑ lifting Vessuri: Ethical Challenges for the Social Sciences on the Threshold of the 21st Century . In: Current Sociology . tape 50 , no. 1 , January 2002, ISSN  0011-3921 , p. 135–150 , doi : 10.1177 / 0011392102050001010 ( sagepub.com [accessed February 11, 2020]).
  13. ^ Social sciences, Columbian Cyclopedia . Buffalo 1897, p. 227 .
  14. ^ Franz Otto Schmaderer: History of teacher training in Bavaria . 1997, p. 431 .
  15. ^ Radio Free Europe - Historical Lexicon of Bavaria. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Political Science Bachelor's degree. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  17. ↑ Political Science (Bachelor) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  18. ↑ Political Science (Master) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  19. ↑ Double Master Degree with Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) in Barcelona - Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science (GSI) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  20. ↑ Double Master Degree with Stockholm University (SU) - Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science (GSI) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  21. ^ Voegelin Center for Politics, Culture and Religion - Geschwister-Scholl-Institute for Political Science (GSI) - LMU Munich. Retrieved January 22, 2020 .
  22. ^ Heinz and Sybille Laufer Foundation for Political Science - Geschwister Scholl Institute for Political Science (GSI) - LMU Munich. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  23. ↑ Success story. In: Model United Nations project group. Retrieved on February 7, 2020 (German).