Large stud book

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Large family register, pages 58 and 59

The Great pedigree , as album Amicorum called, is one of the Augsburg merchant and art agents Philipp Hainhofer invested in the early 17th century pedigree . It is a collection of autographs illustrated with illustrations , which contains entries by numerous politically important personalities between 1596 and 1633. The studbook is considered an outstanding work of art because of its furnishings . Since the purchase for 2.8 million euros by the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel in 2020 it will be in the local collection where it will be scientifically examined.

description

Page 4: Latin verses for the purpose of the studbook
Double page (pages 179 and 180) with flowers and conchylia , around 1590–1595

The large archive book measures 21 × 18 cm and comprises 227  paginated pages made of paper , parchment and silk . Today it has a lace binding and a binding made of purple velvet . Originally, Philipp Hainhofer had used a screw fastening that allowed the pages to be exchanged.

Between 1596 and 1633, European rulers, such as the emperors Matthias and Rudolf II , as well as members of the nobility and the upper class, entered the book by hand. These include princes , diplomats, clergymen and generals , some of whom were protagonists of the Thirty Years War .

The entries consist of a page with personal sentences or poems in different languages, including German, French, Latin, Italian. In addition, there is usually a decorative leaf. The album contains richly decorated coats of arms and drawings in the Baroque style . Because of the high quality pictorial design, the book is also considered a collection album for art.

Hainhofer often had the pictorial representations of the entries made by renowned artists, which he commissioned at the expense of the entries. Based on Hainhofer's descriptions and the artists' signatures on their works, it was possible to reliably identify Joseph Heintz , Johann Matthias Kager , Lucas Kilian , Jacopo Ligozzi and Anton Mozart , among others . The artists are not yet known for many of the pictures, including the pages with floral motifs. They show tulips , which were new and precious in Europe at the time, and are reminiscent of the work of Georg Hoefnagel .

Page list

The respective pages, their dates, the person making the entry and the type of entry are displayed in the drop-down list.

Pages and entries
page Dating Entering person presentation
1 1600 Title page with three quotes in French, Italian and Latin as well as Philipp Hainhofer's name and coat of arms in a border.
4-5 Latin dedications to the book (Ad Librum) and the reader (Ad Lectorem) with a pictorial border of animals jumping over tendrils of fruit and flowers.
8th Johann Schweikhard von Kronberg , Archbishop of Mainz Signature, full coat of arms and motto as well as ink drawing of travelers in a landscape, signed with the monogram of Anton Mozart .
10 1624 Władysław IV. Wasa , King of Poland Signature, coat of arms and motto on an emblematic painting.
13th 1633 Gustaf Horn , Commander of the Swedish Army in Germany Signature, coat of arms and motto.
16-17 Rudolf II , Holy Roman Emperor Portrait by Daniel Fröschl and signature with pictorial representation with landscape background and scene with the emperor, flanked by two allegorical figures.
20th Matthias , Holy Roman Emperor Signature, full coat of arms and representation of four virtues.
21st 1620 Christian IV , King of Denmark and Norway Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
24 1616 Elisabeth Stuart , Electress of the Palatinate Signature, motto and full British coat of arms worn by putti , painted by Johann Matthias Kager .
25th Friedrich V , Elector Palatinate Signature and allegorical pen drawing.
30-31 Cosimo II. De 'Medici , Grand Duke of Tuscany Signature, motto and a painted page with his crowned coat of arms, flanked by seated figures of justice and steadfastness, painted by Jacopo Ligozzi .
33 1608 Joachim Ernst , Margrave of Ansbach Signature and full coat of arms depicting angels playing music, painted by Anton Mozart.
36 1612 Philip II , Duke of Pomerania-Stettin Signature, motto and coat of arms, surrounded by emblematic medallions and depiction of an allegorical landscape, painted by Johann Matthias Kager.
37 Philip II, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin Calligraphic portrait in black ink with gold frame.
39 1613 Johann Friedrich , Duke of Württemberg Signature and coat of arms, above birds and animals.
41 1612 Leopold V , Archduke of Austria-Tyrol Signature, motto and coat of arms with two angels.
43 1616 Barbara Sophia of Brandenburg , Duchess of Württemberg Signature and coat of arms as well as two putti holding a scroll.
45 1616 * Barbara Sophia von Brandenburg, Duchess of Württemberg
* Agnes von Württemberg (1592–1629), wife of Franz Julius von Sachsen-Lauenburg
* Anna von Württemberg (1597–1650), daughter of Duke Friedrich I. 		Signatures, motto and coats of arms.
50 1620 Adolf von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , princely military Signature, motto and depiction of a goddess of war holding a shield with her coat of arms.
51 1630 Johann Wilhelm , Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Signature, motto and coat of arms with a putto.
53 1618 Drawing of the heads of Ceres , Venus and Bacchus based on the motif Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus .
55 1614 Ludwig V , Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt Signature and coat of arms.
58 1613 August the Younger , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg Signature, motto and dedication to "suo amico" Philipp Hainhofer in a pen drawing with the Annunciation to the Shepherds , drawn by Lucas Kilian .
59 1614 Ursula von Pfalz-Veldenz-Lützelstein , Duchess of Württemberg, 1614 Name and coat of arms with allegorical female figures.
62 1616 Georg Friedrich , Margrave of Baden and Protestant military leader Signature, full coat of arms and figures of faith and justice, painted by Tobias Bernhart.
65 1619 Clara Maria von Pommern (1574–1623), first wife of Duke August the Younger Signature and coat of arms, flanked by Saint Catherine of Siena and the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception .
68 1613 Karl Friedrich I , Duke of Munsterberg Signature and coat of arms, surrounded by angels with instruments of the Passion, drawn by Lucas Kilian.
69 1613 Ludwig Friedrich , Duke of Württemberg-Mömpelgard Signature, motto and coat of arms in a frame of insects, flowers and shells.
71 1624 Alessandro Orsini , Cardinal of the Roman Church Signature over a painting of a bear.
73 1621 Charles de Valois , Duke of Auvergne and Angoulême Signature above his painted coat of arms.
75 1625 Aloysio Gonzaga , Prince of Castiglione
Ferdinando Gonzaga		 Signatures under painted coats of arms.
78 1613 Wolfgang Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg , Imperial Prince from the House of Wittelsbach Signature and coat of arms with painted surroundings, including putti while making music.
80 1612 Heinrich Wenzel , Duke of Munsterberg Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
84 1612 Maria Dorothea von Württemberg (1559–1639), wife of Duke Otto Heinrich Signature, coat of arms and motto with a scene with a landscape background and figures of justice and charity, signed by Anton Mozart.
85 1612 * Sabine (1589–1661), daughter of Duke Otto Heinrich
* Susanna (1591–1667), wife of Count Palatine Georg Johann II. 		Signatures and motto.
90-91 1614 August , Duke of Sulzbach Signature, motto and coat of arms, surrounded by two full-page embroideries made of silk and gold thread depicting a canopy in a landscape and a massacre of innocents.
94 * Johann Georg I , Elector of Saxony
* Moritz , Duke of Saxony-Zeitz
 Signatures and motto.
95 Full-page painting of a landscape with Prince Elector Johann Georg I and his sons Augustus , Christian and Moritz astride a horse with a pink mane .
100 1619 Friedrich Achilles , Duke of Württemberg Signature, motto and coat of arms in an artistic architectural setting with putti.
101 1623 Joachim Ernst , Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Plön Signature and motto.
103 François de Lorraine (1571–1632), Count of Vaudemont Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
106 1630 Georg II , Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. Signature, coat of arms and motto with symbolic memories of mortality.
108 1615 Anna von Pommern , member of the griffin family Signature and full coat of arms.
109 1617 Anna Maria , Duchess of Pomerania Signature, motto and full coat of arms framed by two winged mermaids.
112 1632 Hans, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf (1606–1655) Signature, motto and coat of arms held by a figure of charity.
113 1632 Alexander Heinrich (1608–1667), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg Signature and motto as well as a naked figure of good fortune that catches the wind in her sail.
116 1614 Friedrich I , Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
118 1630 Marguerite von Béthune († 1661), wife of Duke Henri II. De Rohan Signature, full coat of arms and dedication.
119 1630 Marguerite de Rohan (1617–1684), daughter of Duke Henri II. De Rohan Signature, full coat of arms and dedication.
124-125 1610 Francesco Contarini , Doge of Venice Allegorical painting with coat of arms and inscription by a Venetian painter.
125 1614 Johann Christoph von Westerstetten , Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt Signature and representation of putti, slogans and the figures of justice and peace.
128-129 1616 Moritz of Orange , governor of the united Netherlands Signature and coat of arms.
131 1608 Giovanni de ' Medici , Prime Minister of his nephew Cosimo II. Signature, motto and coat of arms depicting animals, fish, reptiles, birds and flowers that represent the four elements and seasons.
134 1616 Johann Albrecht I (1563–1623), Count of Solms-Braunfels Signature and coat of arms.
135 1616 Adam Gottfried Berca, Baron von Berka von Dubá Signature, motto and coat of arms on the shield of an armored knight on horseback.
137 1596 Ludwig Eberhard zu Oettingen-Oettingen (1577–1634), Count Signature, dedication and coat of arms in a border of seated birds.
138-139 Double page with flowers, shells and insects within a border of shells.
140 1597 Ludwig (1579–1643), Count of Erbach Signature, motto and coat of arms in a border made up of birds and a bat.
143 Vratislaus I., Prince of Fürstenberg Signature, motto and coat of arms.
146 1627 George IV , Count of Ortenburg Signature, full coat of arms and painted scene with industrial mining.
147 1629 Philipp Ernst von Mansfeld- Artern (1560–1631), Elector of Saxony captain Signature, motto and coat of arms with two palaces.
148 1630 * Franz Christoph von Teuffenbach
* Sybilla von Teuffenbach, b. von Herberstein
* Christoph von Welz, Baron von Eberstein		 Signatures, slogans and coats of arms in front of a spacious landscape with a harvest scene.
149 1608 Georg Friedrich, Count of Hardegg and von Glatz Signature, motto and coat of arms with canopy.
152 1626 Friedrich Casimir , Count of Ortenburg Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
153 1625 Baron Georg von Wartenberg († 1632) Signature, motto and coat of arms with a winged ermine.
156 1616 Johann Conrad von Rosenbach , Johanniter in the Commandery Rothenburg ob der Tauber Signature, motto and coat of arms.
157 Full-page painting of a sea battle with the conquest of the Turkish galley Sultana by galleys of the Order of Malta .
160 1609 Jehan Phelipaux, advisor to Henry IV of France Signature, motto, dedication and coat of arms.
162 Johann Friedrich, Count von Schwarzenberg and Baron von Hohenlandsberg Signature, motto and coat of arms in a painted border with leaves and birds.
163 Painting with a landscape that Philipp Hainhofer described in 1610 as “a very beautiful landscape of the Netherlands ...... as Leander wants to swim over the water to Heron with the poppy shine”.
164 Painting with a boy with a basket of pretzels and a clock surrounded by leaves and animals.
165 1596 Christoph, Count von Schwarzenberg and Baron von Hohenlandsberg Motto and coat of arms in a painted border with flowers and reptiles.
168 1621 Per Brahe , Count of Visingsborg Signature, motto and coat of arms.
169 1618 Johann Conrad, Wild and Rhine Count of Dhaun Signature, motto and coat of arms.
174 Marx Fugger (1564–1614), Count of Kirchberg and Weißenhorn Signature, full coat of arms and depiction of a lion and an evangelist, painted by Johann Matthias Kager.
175 1616 Johann Casimir, Count of Beckenstein Signature, full coat of arms and motto with a representation of fish.
178 Philippe de Canaye, Sieur du Fresne (1551–1610), French diplomat and envoy to Henry IV in the Republic of Venice Signature and full coat of arms.
179 1596 Georg Christoph Urschenbeck Signature, motto and coat of arms in a painted border with birds and insects.
179-180 Double page with flowers in a border of shells.
182 1608 Bonaventura de Lafont, Count Signature, motto and coat of arms in a painted border with birds.
183 1611 Jacques Bongars , French diplomat Signature, motto and coat of arms depicting pansies and hearts.
186 Drawing of a naked woman with musical instruments and a peacock.
187 1596 Johann Christoph, Baron von Puchheim , Lord of Göllersdorf Signature, motto and coat of arms in a painted border with butterflies.
190 1629 * Hans Paul, Baron von Wolzüge
* Hans Sigismund, Baron von Wolzüge		 Motto and coat of arms.
192 1611 Zacharias Geizkofler , Reichspfennigmeister of the Holy Roman Empire Signature, full coat of arms and motto.
194 1606 Hans Wilheim von Riedheim and Angelberg , nobleman from Swabia Signature, motto and dedication.
195 Johann Adam, Baron von Vöhlin Signature and motto on a scroll held by two crowned angels. The coat of arms is depicted with Minerva with symbols of war and peace.
198 1626 Peter Ernst, Baron von Ernhingen and Pittingen Signature and coat of arms pendant with the head of an angel.
200 1614 Hugoldt Beer on Hugoldsdorf Signature and motto.
201 1607 Servatius Reichelt (1573–1624), Assesor at the Regional Court of the Principality of Breslau Signature, prayer and dedication.
203 1629 Matthias Hoë von Hoënegg , electoral court preacher Signature, coat of arms and motto.
205 Drawing with pen and chalk The three Marys at the grave of Georg Behem.
208 Lamoral of taxis , imperial chamberlain Signature, motto and coat of arms.
209 Pen-and-ink drawing as a copy of an engraving showing the killing of the Duke of Guise in 1563.
211 Signature and pen drawing of a blank sign on a hill.
214-215 1602 Ferdinand Matthioli (1565–1625), doctor and advisor to Emperor Matthias Coat of arms of Ferdinand II , King of Bohemia, in gold on black with the date 1618 on page 214.
Portrait drawing of Ferdinand Matthioli in red and black chalk by Joseph Heintz the Elder on page 215.

Emergence

Philipp Hainhofer in the large family register , approx. 1610

Since their appearance in the 1530s, family records in the vicinity of the University of Wittenberg and the reformers there have been signs of personal networking . Against this background, the Augsburg merchant's son Philipp Hainhofer began collecting entries in the archives in 1596 on an educational trip through Italy. Most of the entries were probably made later during his business trips or when visiting guests from abroad in his art collection in Augsburg. Sheets that were apparently requested were also inserted, which were sent by post. From around 1610 Hainhofer practiced a political functionalization of his stud book. He received invitations to audiences from the prominent entries . Even when it was being created, the Große Stammbuch was a tourist attraction that Philipp Hainhofer visitors in Augsburg were happy to show them to. According to a contemporary source, as early as the 17th century, the "extremely artificial stud book, the same should not be seen" was a sensation.

In addition, with the Wolfenbütteler Stammbuch with 532 pages and the Augsburger Stammbuch with 116 pages, two further records by Philipp Hainhofer are known.

Acquisitions and whereabouts

From 1613 onwards, Philipp Hainhofer worked for decades as an agent, factor and correspondent for Duke August II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , who paid him an annual salary of 600 Reichstalers . After Philipp Hainhofer's death, his son Georg Ulrich Hainhofer (1614–1659) was the main heir. After his death in 1659, Duke August II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg sought the written estate of Philipp Hainhofer. Almost all of it came to Wolfenbüttel with travelogues, correspondence and lute books . There the writings were entered in the catalog of the Herzog August Library between 1660 and 1663. Two of the three Philipp Hainhofer family records belonged to the estate, but not the large family record book .

The work was considered lost for centuries. In 1931 and again in 1941 it appeared in the sales catalog of the London antiquarian bookstore Bernard Quaritch Ltd. for 600  pounds on. In 1946, the American Cornelius Hauck (1893-1967) from Cincinnati acquired the book because of his botanical interest in the plant images it contains. In 2006, it was auctioned from his property at Christie's in New York . The estimate was $ 600,000 to $ 800,000  . The Herzog August Bibliothek failed to bid because the work went to a British private collection for almost $ 2.4 million via the London second-hand bookshop Maggs Brothers. In 2019, the Large Stammbuch was offered for sale exclusively to the Herzog August Library by a private collector through the auction house Sotheby’s . The sales negotiations, overshadowed by Brexit and the Corona crisis , dragged on for over a year. In 2020, the library acquired the work for 2.8 million euros. The funds were provided by the State of Lower Saxony, the Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media , the State Cultural Foundation and other foundations , including the Volkswagen Foundation , the Ernst von Siemens Art Foundation , the Lower Saxony Foundation and the Rudolf-August Oetker Foundation . According to the director of the Herzog August Library, Peter Burschel , it is the most significant purchase since the acquisition of the medieval Gospel of Henry the Lion in 1983.

Exploration and exhibition

Press conference on the purchase of the large studbook , among others with Markus Hilgert from the Kulturstiftung der Länder, Science Minister Björn Thümler and Peter Burschel , the book in the showcase on the right
Duke August Library in Wolfenbüttel

The purchase of the Large Studbook from the Herzog August Library was announced to the public at a press conference on August 25, 2020 in the Sprengel Museum Hanover . It is now accessible to research for the first time. According to the experts, the Herzog August Library as a suitable research library world's best for the research and presentation of the work. For historians, like the rest of Hainhofer's written estate, it represents an important source of the cultural and political networks of the German courts in the 17th century. Associated with the purchase is a three-year research project by the Herzog August Library, in which the creation and The history of the work and its artistic design are scientifically examined. The research project is financed with 300,000 euros from the state of Lower Saxony from funds from the Volkswagen Foundation. During the project, the work is to be digitized and made available online. An exhibition is planned for the public, in which the large family record will be shown within the scope of what is reasonable in terms of conservation.

The Große Stammbuch in the collection of the Herzog August Bibliothek bears the signature Cod. Guelf. 355 Noviss. 8 ° . and is kept in an air-conditioned, accessible safe in the library, in which the Gospels of Henry the Lion are also stored.

meaning

The Great pedigree is true of the three ordinary books of Philip Hainhofer as the artistic and cultural history important. According to experts, it surpasses the 25,000 documented family records worldwide in terms of equipment and political significance. The people who registered in the Grand Register were privileged and belonged to the upper class. According to Peter Burschel from the Herzog August Library, Philipp Hainhofer got the elites of the time to sign his book. For him it was a business model that served as a door opener in aristocratic circles in order to establish a long-term trading relationship and to receive follow-up orders for other art objects. With the book, which was already a sensation at the time, Philipp Hainhofer gained access to the most important political decision-makers of his time.

Individual media refer to the book as the Who's Who of the 17th century. The Lower Saxony Science Minister Björn Thümler considers it to be an "outstanding cultural treasure of national rank".

literature

  • Michael Wenzel: Philipp Hainhofer: dealing with art and politics , Berlin, 2020
    • Business model family register , pp. 65–64
    • Family books as actants , pp. 119–140

Web links

Commons : Large family book  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The History of the Book: The Cornelius J. Hauck Collection at Christie's, Lot 263, 27. – 28. June 2006
  2. ↑ Philipp Hainhofer's family books at Herzog August Bibliothek, Wolfenbüttel
  3. ↑ Wolfenbütteler Stammbuch Philipp Hainhofers, 1593–1631 at Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel
  4. ↑ Philipp Hainhofer's Augsburg family book, 1596–1619 at Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel
  5. ^ Willi Winkler: Queen of Stud Books in Süddeutsche Zeitung from August 25, 2020
  6. ^ Ten Most Expensive Books of 2006 at Fine Books & Collections
  7. ↑ Lisa Zeitz: A whole album for friendship: High prices in New York for the collection of Cornelius Hauck in FAZ from July 3, 2006
  8. ↑ The 2.8 million euro book is being researched for a further 300,000 euros in: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung from 25 August 2020
  9. ↑ Spectacular new acquisition: HAB buys "Album Amicorum" from regionalHeute.de on August 25, 2020
  10. ↑ Large family record of Philipp Hainhofers, 1596–1633, manuscript, Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, signature Cod. Guelf. 355 Noviss. 8 ° at the Herzog August Library
  11. ↑ Library acquires album with Europe's rulers in Westfälische Nachrichten from August 25, 2020
  12. ↑ 400 year old book presented in Hanover at ndr.de on August 25, 2020