kuk Dragoon Regiment "Friedrich Franz IV. Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin" No. 6

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Namesake in 1888: Grand Duke Friedrich-Franz IV.

The association was established in 1629 as a Piccolomini curassier for the imperial Habsburg army . From this, over the course of time, up to the joint army within the Austro-Hungarian land forces, the kuk dragoon regiment "Friedrich Franz IV. Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin" No. 6 developed

In 1769, the regiment was given the name Cavalry Regiment No. 20 in the newly established cavalry ranking list . However, the name continued to be after the regiment owner (who did not also have to be the commander) until 1798 . There was no binding regulation of the spelling. (For example the Count Serbelloni regiment - or the Serbelloni regiment.) With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name.

After the system was changed in 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. At first the name was changed to Cürassier Regiment No. 10 .

The last name used had been assigned to the regiment for ever , nevertheless in 1915 all honorary names were deleted without replacement. From then on the association was only called Dragoon Regiment No. 6 This could not be enforced in common parlance, on the one hand because nobody adhered to it, on the other hand the thrifty Austro-Hungarian military administration had ordered to use up all existing stamps and forms first. (According to the "Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department" of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by Field Post Office 512)

  • From 1862 to 1889 the regiment was called Cuirassier - then Dragoons Regiment Alexander Prince of Hesse and number 6 on the Rhine
  • From 1889 to 1906 the regiment was called Albrecht Prince of Prussia No. 6

The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1629/1 (to Ticino ), cuirassier regiment K 7 (to Bleckwenn ).

Associations with the same name

  • The then disbanded Dragoon Regiment Coburg operated under the same name from 1798 to 1801
  • and from 1802 to 1860 the later Dragoon Regiment No. 12

Formation history

  • With a patent dated May 5, 1701, five companies of the later cuirassier regiment Caprara, established by Ottavio Piccolomini in 1629, and five newly recruited companies formed a cuirassier regiment, which according to a patent issued by Emperor Leopold I in 1656 on the occasion of the award of the When the Piccolomini regiment at Caprara was finished it was supposed to be called "Piccolomoni'sch" forever, but this was not enforced.
  • In 1721 a company of the disbanded Veterani Dragoon Regiment was incorporated
  • In 1731 parts of the auction company established in 1727 were given to the Cuirassier Regiment Locatelli (dissolved in 1775)
  • In 1768 the Carabinier Company was transferred to the newly established 1st Carabinier - Cuirassier - Regiment ( Dragoon Regiment No. 3 ) and, in return, a squadron of the dissolved Cuirassier Regiment Modena was taken over
  • In 1769, the regiment was assigned the cavalry ranking number 20
  • 1775 the regiment received the Lieutenant Colonel Division of the dissolved Cuirassier Regiment Podstatzky allocated
  • 1798 Change of name to Cuirassier Regiment No. 10
  • 1802 renamed to Cuirassier Regiment No. 6, at the same time the Colonel Division of the dissolved Cuirassier Regiment Zezschwitz was taken over
  • 1867 Conversion to Dragoon Regiment No. 6

Supplementary districts

  • 1781 to 1807 Bohemia , later from Moravia and Silesia .
  • From 1853 exclusively from Moravia, initially from the military district of Infantry Regiment No. 3 ( Brno )
  • From 1857 on from the supplementary districts of infantry regiments No. 3, 8, and 54 ( Eibenschütz , later Kremsier , Iglau , Olmütz )
  • From 1860–1883 ​​only from the districts of infantry regiments 8 and 54 (Brno, Olomouc)
  • 1883–1889 from the districts of infantry regiments No. 8, 81, 93 and 99 (Brno, Iglau, Schönberg , Znojmo ).
  • Since 1889 the regiment was assigned to the area of ​​the II. Corps (Military Territorial District Vienna) with the addition

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.
  • 1798–1799 Pilsen
  • 1801 Vienna
  • 1851 Vienna
  • 1852 Aradea
  • 1854 Galicia , then Debreczin
  • 1855 plague
  • 1856–1859 Stuhlweissenburg
  • 1859 Ödenburg
  • 1861–1866 Raab
  • 1866 Greater Oradea
  • 1871 Wessely
  • 1875 Vienna
  • 1876 ​​Brno
  • 1879 Klattau
  • 1880 St. Georgen
  • 1881 Przemyśl
  • 1886 Brno
  • 1897 Enns
  • 1908–1912 Brno
  • 1912–1914 staff / 4. Esk. Przemyśl - I.DivKdo / 1.Esk. / 3.Esk. Hruszów - 2nd Esk. Jaworów - 2nd DivKdo / 5th Esk. / 6th Esk. Gródek Jagiellónski
As a cuirassier regiment "paining" 1745–1762

Regimental owner

  • 1701 General of the cavalry Philipp Prinz zu Hessen-Darmstadt (Kürassier-Regiment Hessen-Darmstadt, called "Jung-Darmstadt" until 1705)
  • 1737 Generalfeldwachtmeister Franz Freiherr von Miglio (Cuirassier Regiment Miglio)
  • 1745 Lieutenant Field Marshal Friedrich Hannibal Freiherr von Aching (Kürassier-Regiment Aching)
  • 1762 Field Marshal Lieutenant Joseph Graf d´Ayasasa (Count d´Ayasasa Cuirassier Regiment)
  • 1779 General of the Cavalry Heinrich Freiherr von Jacquemin (Schackmin) (Cuirassier Regiment Schackmin)
  • 1793 Lieutenant Field Marshal Carl Mack , Freiherr von Leiberich (Mack Cuirassier Regiment)
  • 1807 Unoccupied
  • 1808 Lieutenant Field Marshal Friedrich Freiherr von Gottesheim
  • 1809 Lieutenant Field Marshal Moritz Fürst Liechtenstein
  • 1819 Field Marshal Lieutenant Ludwig Graf Wallmoden - Gimborn
  • 1862 Lieutenant Field Marshal Alexander Prince of Hesse and the Rhine
  • 1889 Albrecht, Prince of Prussia , regent of the Duchy of Braunschweig

Regimental Commanders

I. II. III.
  • 1701 Lieutenant Colonel Unwerth
  • 1705 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Count Orsetti
  • 1716 Lieutenant Colonel Kleiner
  • 1717 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Franz Freiherr von Miglio
  • 1734 Colonel Count Payersberg
  • 1736 Colonel Leopold Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt
  • 1742 Colonel Carl Anton Corrioule
  • 1744 Colonel Baron von Metsch
  • 1751 Colonel Philipp Anton Graf Grünne
  • 1752 Colonel Carl Graf Martini
  • 1757 Colonel Anton Count Barbiano de Belgiojoso
  • 1759 Colonel Sigmund Freiherr von Gabelkoven
  • 1767 Colonel August Freiherr von Malering
  • 1773 Colonel Prokop Count Wratislaw
  • 1782 Colonel Carl Heinrich Freiherr von Einsiedel
  • 1789 Colonel Johann Karwinsky von Karwin
  • 1794 Colonel Franz Graf Rosenberg-Orsini
  • 1796 Colonel Joseph Walthür von Waldenau
  • 1800 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Wöllwarth
  • 1806 Colonel Franz Viscount Roussel d´Hurbal
  • 1809 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Flachenfeld
  • 1813 Colonel Andreas von Laitner
  • 1826 Colonel Joseph Freiherr von Droste zu Vischering
  • 1832 Colonel Joseph of Sardagna
  • 1838 Colonel Rudolph Count Schaaffgotsche
  • 1846 Colonel Joseph von Fejérváry
  • 1849 Colonel Paul Kral
  • 1849 Colonel Sigmund Lázár von Ecska
  • 1851 Colonel Friedrich Freiherr von Boxberg
  • 1851 Colonel Gustav Freiherr von Lindenfels
  • 1852 Archduke Rainer (2nd Colonel)
  • 1857 Colonel Alfred Fürst zu Windisch-Graetz
  • 1860 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Constantin Graf Thun-Hohenstein
  • 1868 Colonel Justin Graf Bolesta-Koziebrodzky
  • 1869 Colonel Alfred Ritter von Joelson
  • 1875 Colonel Georg Fricke
  • 1879 Colonel Adolph Leddihn
  • 1885 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Gustav Freiherr von Worsebe
  • 1887 Colonel Joseph Siebert
  • 1892 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Joseph Rieger
  • 1898 Colonel Archduke Franz Salvator
  • 1903 Colonel Vinzenz Freiherr von Abele
  • 1909 Lieutenant Colonel Alfred Freiherr von Dachenhausen
  • 1910 Colonel Alfred Freiherr von Dachenhausen
  • 1912–1914 Colonel Alfred Edler von Rettich
Skirmish during the anti-Habsburg uprisings

Battle calendar

Memorial plaque in the Capuchin Church in Vienna

→ War of the Spanish Succession

→ Anti-Habsburg uprisings in the Kingdom of Hungary from 1671–1711

  • In 1705 the regiment was used against the Malcontents in Hungary
  • 1706 Mostly used in the Pálffy corps near Ödenburg and on the Lower Austrian border
  • 1707 Security and patrol services in the Rabutin Corps in Upper Hungary
  • 1708 Security and patrol services in Transylvania
  • 1709 Participation in the relief campaign of Great Oradin, skirmishes near Királyhágó
  • 1710 Security and patrol services in Transylvania
  • 1711 Security and patrol services in Hungary without major action

→ Venetian-Austrian Turkish War

  • 1716 Battle of Peterwardein and siege of Temesvár
  • 1717 Standing in the Martigny Corps on the left bank of the Sava, the regiment saved the threatened infantry in a battle on July 17th with a successful counterattack. The regiment suffered great losses in the Battle of Belgrade

→ War of the Polish Succession

  • 1734 Relocated to the theater of war in Italy, the association fought in the Battle of Parma , where the Carabinier Company distinguished itself. Then in the battle of Guastalla
  • 1735 Security and patrol services in Northern Italy, later in Tyrol without any action

→ Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1736–1739)

  • 1739 Did not take part in the war against the Turks, security and patrol services in Italy

→ War of the Austrian Succession

  • 1742 Assigned to Field Marshal Traun's army in Italy. Without combat activity
  • 1743 Battle of Camposanto
  • 1744 Participation in the campaign to Naples
  • 1746 fights at Codogno, Piacenza and Rottofreno
  • 1747 Participation in the campaign in Provence

→ Seven Years War

→ War of the Bavarian Succession

  • 1778–1779 Security and patrol services with the main army in Bohemia, without any action

→ Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1787–1792)

→ coalition wars

  • Relocated to the theater of war on the Rhine in 1793 , detachments took part in the battles of Rheinzabern , Landau, the capture of the Weissenburg lines, the battles in the Brumpter Forest and other battles. At Reichshofen (Uttenhofen) the Colonel Division distinguished itself through an attack, Major Wallthör and his division cleared the Schweighaus forest and led a battle at Neuweiler.
  • 1794 Despite numerous marching movements of the troops, the regiment had no combat activity.
  • 1795 During the siege of Mannheim , the regiment raided and carried out an attack on Schwetzingen . In the battle near Frankenthal (Palatinate) a squadron stood out.
  • In 1796, assigned to Archduke Carl's army, the regiment broke up a three battalion battalions in the battle near Amberg . Fight near Würzburg
  • 1797 Security and patrol services on the Rhine, without a fight
  • 1799 Fighting near Stockach and fighting near Löchgau
  • 1800 battle near Donauwörth and later battle near Hohenlinden . Battle of retreat near Salzburg , Lambach and Kremsmünster
  • 1805 With four divisions on the theater of war in Germany, the Majors Division distinguished itself in the battle on Michaelsberg. The regiment then fought its way to Bohemia under Archduke Ferdinand, where it was involved in a battle near Eschenau. Because of the great losses, the regiment was combined into a division and fought in the battle near Stecken.
  • 1809 Assigned to the reserve corps of the army in Germany, the association fought in the Battle of Eggmühl , the Battle of Aspern and the Battle of Wagram .

→ Wars of Liberation

  • 1813 Assigned to the Danube Army. Later in the Austro-Bavarian Corps under Cavalry General Graf Wrede , the regiment suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Hanau .
  • 1814 Assigned to the main army. Battle of Troyes , the battle of Areis-sur-Aube and the battle of Fère-Champenoise. Later, with the capture of Paris , only security and patrol services

→ Rule of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 Security and patrol services in the army on the Upper Rhine , without any action

→ Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • In 1848 the government took part in the battles on the occasion of the capture of Vienna and fought with distinction near Schwechat . During the advance of the Hungarians, the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel Division at Bábolna and Moór stood out in particular.
  • In 1849 the Lieutenant Colonel 2nd Squadron was deployed in the battle near Tetény, the regiment in the battles near Szolnok and Abonyi, and a division near Czibakháza. Divisions of the regiment fought at Szolnok , Isaszeg and Czinkota. Later assigned to the southern army of the Banus , the unit fought in the battles at Kács, Ó-Becse and in the battle of Hegyos.

→ German war

  • 1866 The regiment had assigned four squadrons to the 1st Reserve Cavalry Division Prince Holstein in the Northern Army. The 3rd squadron distinguished itself at Wysokow - Nachod. The whole regiment fought in the battle of Königgrätz .

→ First World War

During the First World War, the cavalry regiments were exposed to a wide variety of uses. Some of them continued to exist in the regimental association, some of them were divided up by squadrons into the infantry troop divisions, corps and army staffs as so-called division cavalry (they provided services there as reconnaissance and reporting riders as well as security detachments). Most of the regiments soon had to surrender their horses (if they still had any) and were then used by infantry. More precise information is currently not available.

Whereabouts

After the proclamation of Czechoslovakia as an independent state in October 1918, the soldiers of Czech origin were called on by the interim government to stop the fighting and return home. As a rule, this request was obeyed by the regiment's Czech crew. (Under constitutional law, this also applied to the German-Bohemian soldiers, as they were suddenly Czechoslovak citizens. The extent to which they complied with this request is no longer understandable, but it should have been the exception.) Thus, the association was its previous high command, the The kuk war ministry was withdrawn and could not be demobilized by the latter and, at best, theoretically dissolved. It is currently not known whether, when and where such a dissolution took place.

Association membership and status in July 1914

  • X Corps - 6th Cavalry Troop Division - 5th Cavalry Brigade
  • Nationalities: 61% Czechs - 38% German - 1% others
  • Regimental languages: Czech and German

Adjustment of the regiment

1738: white skirt, red lapels
1765 (1767): white skirt, pompadour red leveling, white trousers, yellow buttons
1770: white skirt, black equalization, white trousers, yellow buttons
  • As Cuirassier Regiment No. 10, from 1802 to No. 6
1798: white skirt, black equalization, yellow buttons
1850: white tunic , black leveling , light blue Patalons, yellow buttons
  • Dragoon Regiment No. 6
1868: light blue tunic, black equalization, madder red breeches, yellow buttons

structure

In the Austro-Hungarian Cavalry, a regiment usually consisted of three to four (in exceptional cases more) divisions . (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company or 160 riders per squadron.

(During the army reform begun by Emperor Joseph II , the company structure within the cavalry was abandoned.)

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 4th division was the 2nd majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced to two divisions from 1860 onwards.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

See also

Commons : Uniforms of the Austrian Cavalry 1762  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Allmayer-Beck , Lessing : The K. (below) K. Army. 1848-1914 . Bertelsmann, Munich et al. 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .
  • Hans Bleckwenn : The regiments of the Empress: Thoughts on the Albertina manuscript 1762 of the Army History Museum Vienna. In: Writings of the Army History Museum in Vienna. Volume 3: Maria Theresia - Contributions to the history of the army of her time. Graz, Vienna, Cologne 1967, pp. 25–53.
  • Hans Bleckwenn: Horsemen, Hussars and Grenadiers. d. Uniforms d. emperor. Army on the Rhine 1734. Harenberg, Dortmund 1979. ISBN 3-88379-125-3 ; P. 17ff.
  • Bertrand Michael Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999, ISBN 978-3-85114-479-6 .
  • Hermann Meynert: History of the KK Austrian Army, its formation and organization, as well as its fate, actions and campaigns, from the earliest to the present time. C. Gerold and Son, Vienna 1854. online at google books
  • Osprey Military. Issue No. 271, reprint 1999.
  • Austrian military history. Special volume 1997, Verlag Stöhr Vienna.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century. 3 volumes. Biblio, Osnabrück 1986–1995, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 , p. 152ff.
  • Alphons von Wrede: The history of the kuk Wehrmacht. The regiments, corps, branches and establishments from 1618 to the end of the XIX. Century. Vienna 1898–1905. Part III, Part 1 Cavalry, Part 2 Disbanded troops on horseback. Directory of regiment chiefs at the Wrede plant (PDF; 317 kB)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40
  2. ↑ Bleckwenn