Kandel (Palatinate)
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Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ' N , 8 ° 12' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Rhineland-Palatinate | |
| County : | Germersheim | |
| Association municipality : | Candelabra | |
| Height : | 123 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 26.72 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 9034 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 338 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 76870 | |
| Area code : | 07275 | |
| License plate : | GER | |
| Community key : | 07 3 34 013 | |
| City structure: | 3 districts | |
| Association administration address: | Gartenstrasse 8 76870 Kandel |
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| Website : | ||
| City Mayor : | Michael Niedermeier ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Kandel in the district of Germersheim | ||
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The city of Kandel is located in the southern Palatinate in the district of Germersheim in Rhineland-Palatinate and is the administrative seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Kandel .
geography
Kandel is located on the northern edge of the Bienwald , about 12 kilometers from the French border, 19 km south of Landau and 20 km west-northwest of Karlsruhe in the Upper Rhine Plain .
climate
The annual precipitation is 735 mm. The precipitation is in the middle third of the values recorded in Germany. Lower values are registered at 48% of the German Weather Service's measuring stations . The driest month is March, with the most rainfall in June. In June there is 1.5 times more rainfall than in March. Precipitation hardly varies and is evenly distributed over the year. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at only 16% of the measuring stations .
Waters
In the south, the Otterbach partially forms the boundary with Wörth. On site he picks up the Bruchbach from the right . In the north, the Erlenbach largely forms the border with Steinweiler and Erlenbach near Kandel. The Altbach flows into it in the northeast of the district .
Neighboring communities
Wörth am Rhein , Jockgrim , Rheinzabern , Hatzenbühl , Erlenbach near Kandel , Steinweiler , Winden (Palatinate) , Minfeld .
City structure
In addition to Kandel itself, the town of Kandel also includes Minderslachen and Kandel-Höfe.
Kandel was originally a street village typical of the southern Palatinate . The actual urban area is divided into different parts: Oberkandel (western part), Mittelkandel (middle part) and Unterkandel (eastern part). Because of the size of the elongated place, the name Langenkandel was also used at times . Even before the Second World War , the so-called garden city was built south of the city center, and various new development areas were added in the post-war period. The development of the new building area “Am Höhenweg” has been underway since the beginning of 2006.
history
middle Ages
The first mention of Kandel can be found in a document from the Speyer bishop Günther von Henneberg from 1150. There an "Adelbrath von Canele" is mentioned as a witness to a donation. Documents in 1348 speak of a church in Kandel, the year of which, however, cannot be proven.
In 1374, Emich V. von Leiningen pledged Kandel and Minderslachen, together with other villages, to the Palatinate Elector Ruprecht I. From 1379, Kandel had to serve two gentlemen, as the Guttenberg estate became the joint property of the Counts of Leiningen-Hardenberg and the Palatinate Electors. Due to the "Palatinate division" in 1410, the Wittelsbach part of the Guttenberg rule fell with Kandel to Count Palatine Stephan , the founder of the Duchy of Pfalz-Zweibrücken . In 1460, Elector Frederick I of the Palatinate, called Frederick the Victorious by his friends and Der bad Fritz by his enemies , had Kandel pillaged over a quarrel with his cousin Ludwig von Zweibrücken. Three years later, Count Schaffried von Leiningen transferred his share in Guttenberg to the Lords of Lichtenberg. These sold their rights just one day later to Elector Friedrich and Duke Wolfgang of Zweibrücken . The two Palatinate-Wittelsbach lines now administered the rule together. In 1475 the new church in honor of the Mother of God and the holy martyr George, built on the site of the church that was destroyed in 1460, was completed. Four years later, Bishop Ludwig von Helmstatt transferred 30 acres of fields to the knight Heinrich von Otterbach on the Huldeburg near Kandel. According to tradition, this castle stood on the Holderbühl . In 1481 at the latest, the local knightly family had died out. The last bearer of the name was the knight Egon von Candel. The knight's fief went to Hans von Helmstädt.
Peasant uprising and the Thirty Years War
With the completion of St. George's Tower in 1519, the landmark of the city of Kandel, which still exists today, was created. In 1525 the Kandel farmers took part in the peasant uprising. The head of the Kandeler Haufe was the mayor Mattes Josel. After the death of Elector Ottheinrich in 1559, the share of the Kurlinie in Guttenberg fell to Pfalz-Zweibrücken. In addition to the ruling line of this house, there were also subsidiary lines, initially Pfalz-Veldenz, followed by Pfalz-Sulzbach , Pfalz-Kleeburg and Pfalz-Birkenfeld. During the Thirty Years War in 1622, the Croatian troops of Leopold of Austria looted the place and set the church and "many beautiful houses" on fire. Ten years later, in 1632, Kandel was plundered several times. The roof of the church, which was used as a guardhouse by French soldiers, then burned down in 1635. Towards the end of the war, in 1644, the troops of the French Marshal Turenne devastated the area around Kandel, an event that would repeat itself thirty years later, before the Imperial Field Marshal Prince Raimund von Montecuccoli set up his headquarters in Kandel in 1675 . On the basis of a decision by one of the Reunionskammern established by Louis XIV , the Guttenberg rule and with it Kandel were incorporated into Alsace, which had become French, in 1680 as part of the so-called sovereign lands. The French king saw himself as the sovereign of this area and regarded the German princes ruling there, including the Duke of Zweibrücken, as his liegemen. In 1684 a Catholic parish was set up again in Kandel. This was a so-called royal parish , as the re-establishment of the Strasbourg Intendant de la Grange as a representative of the French authorities started. The Georgskirche became a simultaneous church after their choir was awarded to the Catholics on Christmas 1684. A wall was built between the choir and the nave, but it was demolished again in 1686.
18th century
In the course of the War of the Spanish Succession, the place served the imperial military leader Ludwig von Baden, famous under the name "Türkenlouis" as headquarters in 1702, as well as the imperial generalissimo Prince Eugene of Savoy , the "noble knight" and the English general John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough , and in 1706 the French generals Luxembourg and Villars and the Elector of Hanover. In 1733, Duke Christian von Zweibrücken from the Pfalz-Birkenfeld line became sole lord of Guttenberg, albeit under French rule. Two years later, after the death of Duke Christian II, the mayor of Kandel and with him the mayors of all other places in Guttenberg's rule in the castle of Minfeld had to pay homage to the French king. The Kandel town hall was completed in 1785. The sans-culottes plundered Kandel nine years later and took away, among other things, the bells of the Georgsturm. In 1790, the places south of the Queich were assigned to the Bas-Rhin department. Kandel became the canton and seat of a peace court.
19th century
A typhus epidemic broke out in 1812 among the Napoleonic troops who made quarters in Kandel . More than 600 soldiers died and were buried in three mass graves in what was then the Kandel cemetery, on the site of today's market square. The Palatinate became part of Bavaria in 1816 . Its first king Maximilian I Joseph came from the Palatinate-Birkenfeld family, the last ruling dynasty over the Guttenberg office. Kandel remained a canton location.
In the “great year 1849”, the year of the Palatinate uprising , the so-called “patriots” and the party of the revolution also got the upper hand in Kandel. Elias Fischer as well as the brothers Philipp Franz and Adolf Martin Weigel and the elected mayor Philipp Rothhaas from the Kandel "Posthalter Dynasty" were the outstanding figures of the patriots.
Kandel received a rail connection as early as 1864 .
20th century
At the beginning of the 20th century there was also electricity in the village; In 1900 Kandel received its own electrical power plant. Nine years later, the first aqueduct was completed. After the First World War in 1918, Kandel was occupied by French troops.
In 1937 Kandel received city rights.
The Second World War ended for Kandel with the occupation by American and later by French troops. As part of the French occupation zone , Kandel came to the newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate on August 30, 1946 in accordance with Regulation No. 57 of the French military government.
In 1958 the St. Pius Church was consecrated and the Simultaneum of 1684 was repealed. In the same year, a Roman grave with valuable grave goods was found during construction work in Goethestrasse, dated to the early 4th century. The grave goods are in the museum in Speyer, the stone coffin is in the St. Georgsturm. In 1965 Kandel received the European flag and the Aristide Briand commemorative medal .
From 1984 the Horst industrial park was opened up.
21st century
In 2001, a year late, Kandel celebrated its 850th anniversary with a city festival. In 2005 the construction of a new sports and multi-purpose hall started and the renovated train station was inaugurated. A year later, the development of the new building area on Am Höhenweg began . In addition, since the spring of 2006, the townscape of Kandel has been shaped by the Bienwald bee, among other things. The bee is a statue of almost two meters with feelers. It can be found in colorful painting in the city area.
- Kandel bees
The place hit the headlines in late December 2017 when an Afghan killed his ex-girlfriend . The alleged perpetrator came to Germany as an unaccompanied minor refugee . Since then, Kandel has regularly been the scene of right-wing populist and right-wing extremist demonstrations. In various alliances, citizens of Kandler defend themselves against the use of their city for right-wing extremist propaganda. The civil alliance “WIR sind Kandel” was awarded the “Bridge Prize” of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate together with “Kandel AKTIV” on December 8, 2018.
population
Population development
If not listed separately, the source of the data is the State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate.
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Religions
The Catholics in the Protestant Kandel have had the Church of St. Pius since 1958 . At the end of 2013, 37.7 percent of the population were Protestant and 31.5 percent Catholic. The rest belonged to another religion or were non-denominational. In 1871, out of a total of 3383 inhabitants, 2357 were Protestant (69.7 percent), 1009 were Catholic (29.8 percent) and 17 were Jewish (0.5 percent). In reminiscence of the Jews deported during the Third Reich, stumbling blocks were laid on site in September 2012 .
politics
City council
The city council in Kandel consists of 24 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city mayor as chairman.
The distribution of seats in the city council:
| choice | SPD | CDU | GREEN | FDP | LEFT | FWG | The party | total |
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| 2019 | 6th | 8th | 4th | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 24 seats |
| 2014 | 10 | 8th | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 24 seats |
| 2009 | 10 | 8th | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 seats |
| 2004 | 8th | 9 | 3 | 2 | - | 2 | 0 | 24 seats |
mayor
| Term of office | Surname | Political party |
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| 1955-1989 | Oskar Boehm | SPD |
| 1989-2004 | Christa Loreth | CDU |
| 2004-2019 | Günther Tielebörger | SPD |
| since 2019 | Michael Niedermeier | CDU |
In the runoff election on June 16, 2019, Niedermeier prevailed against his predecessor with a share of 61.0% of the votes, after none of the original four applicants had received a sufficient majority in the direct election on May 26, 2019.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In blue, an overturned silver sword with a golden pommel, accompanied by two stacked six-pointed golden stars." |
| Foundation of the coat of arms: It was approved by the Bavarian king in 1856 and goes back to a court seal from 1490. |
Town twinning
Kandel has had a partnership with Reichshoffen in France since 1961 and with Whitworth in Great Britain since 1966 .
Culture and sights
Cultural monuments
The town center is designated as a monument zone . In addition, there are numerous individual objects that are under monument protection , including the Protestant Church of St. George , the town hall, which is a Baroque building built between 1773 and 1783, and the Sheep House, which is the oldest half-timbered house in Kandels, including the steam noodle gate from 1660 next to it .
nature
The Bruchbach-Otterbachniederung nature reserve extends partially over the district of Kandel. There are also two natural monuments in the urban area .
gastronomy
In Kandel there are several restaurants, bistros and wine bars, especially in the main street, market street and Rheinstraße.
In the immediate vicinity of the Kandel-Horst industrial area are three former discos; the last one was closed in 2017.
tourism
The high ropes course “Fun Forest”, which opened in 2006, has developed into a tourist attraction. In addition, the Petronella Rhine Cycle Path , which runs from Bad Bergzabern to Wörth am Rhein, leads through Kandel.
Sculpture path
With two international sculpture symposiums in 1993 and 2009, the Kandel sculpture trail was created . It is also part of the Rhineland-Palatinate Sculpture Trail .
Sports facilities
- Bienwald Stadium
- Tennis courts
- BMX track
- Skater place
- Forest swimming pool
- several sports halls
- Archery area
- Gym
- Adamshof (foot golf)
Regular events
- second Sunday in March: Bienwald Marathon
- Last weekend in May: May market (fair) with Sunday shopping
- August: City festival and midnight sale alternating every year
- Last weekend in October: October or Gallus market (fair) with Sunday shopping
- Advent weekends: Christmas market
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Kandel is connected to the federal motorway 65 ( Ludwigshafen am Rhein - Landau in der Pfalz - Wörth am Rhein - Karlsruhe ) with the three junctions Kandel-Nord, Kandel-Mitte and Kandel-Süd . The city is also on the B 9 , which leads from Kranenburg to Lauterbourg . In addition, Kandel starts the B 427 in the Palatinate Forest to Hinterweidenthal , the state road 542 to Kirrweiler and the state road 548 to Winden .
The station Kandel is located on the railway line winds-Karlsruhe and regional express support. Connections exist in the direction of Karlsruhe and in the direction of Landau and Neustadt . The station was completely renovated and modernized in 2005.
economy
The Kandel economic structure is characterized by trade, services and handicrafts. Larger industrial companies on site are Eichenauer and David & Baader, both companies in the electrical industry. The basis for Kandel's reputation as a shopping city is a large number of specialty shops, particularly in Kandel city center, but also in the Horst industrial park in the Minderslachen district. For several years now, retailers have been breaking new ground with the midnight sale that takes place every two years (shops open on Sundays from midnight to 6 a.m.).
There are still some large farms in Kandel, most of which have specialized in special crops such as sugar beet, tobacco, brewing barley, asparagus and fruit. There are also two wineries.
Kandel is the seat of the Sparkasse Germersheim-Kandel . After World War II, the city was the site of the Seventh United States Army- operated Kandel Ammo Area , which was closed in 1991.
Authorities
As the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde , Kandel also houses its administration. The municipalities also include Erlenbach near Kandel , Freckenfeld , Minfeld , Steinweiler , Vollmersweiler and Winden (Palatinate) . In addition, the city is the seat of the Bienwald Forestry Office , two notaries' offices and a road maintenance depot and a motorway maintenance depot .
dishes
Kandel is the seat of a local court that belongs to the district of Landau in the Palatinate and to the district of the Palatinate Higher Regional Court of Zweibrücken .
health
The former district hospital of the district of Germersheim was privatized and now operates as Asklepios Südpfalzklinik Kandel. This is an acute hospital with standard care with the departments of internal medicine, surgery, anesthesia, gynecology and obstetrics, intensive medicine and ENT. In addition, there is a wide selection of resident doctors from various disciplines, three pharmacies, massage and physiotherapy practices in Kandel. In addition, Kandel is the seat of an ambulance station of the Rescue Service Südpfalz GmbH of the DRK .
education
In Kandel there is a primary school, a secondary school and an integrated comprehensive school. There is also an adult education center .
Personalities
Among the people who have been made honorary citizens is the long-time city mayor Oskar Böhm .
The first known personalities to be born on site were the author Franz Michael Leuchsenring and the railway entrepreneur Jakob von Lavale . In the 20th century the number of sons and daughters increased sharply. Among them are the former state secretary Kurt Jung , the painter and graphic artist Hans Wesely , the dialect poet Werner Mühl , the state politicians Vera Reiß and Martin Brandl , the musician Drangsal and numerous athletes such as the cyclist Ingrid Persohn and the table tennis players Amelie and Petrissa Solja .
The educator Karl Christian Heyler was the local pastor from 1810 until his death 13 years later. The photo artist Michael Ehrhart lived and worked in the city, as did the still living artist Armin Hott .
literature
- Hans Nauerth: The Bienwaldstadt Kandel. Interesting facts from the history of Kandel and the surrounding area with pictures from the past. Volume 1. Friends and Patrons of the Bienwald Museum Kandel, Kandel 1981.
- Werner Esser, Ute Keppel: Local family book Kandel. The families from Kandel from the beginning of the records up to 1900 (= German Ortssippenbücher. Series B, Bd. 465). 2 volumes. Llux data processing, Ludwigshafen 2009, ISBN 978-3-938031-54-4 .
- Herbert Bolender, Werner Mühl: Kandel. A picture book in color. Package, Kandel 2001.
Web links
- Internet presence of the city of Kandel
- Website of the Verbandsgemeinde Kandel
- Literature about Kandel in the Rhineland-Palatinate state bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
- ↑ Topographic map from 1869 ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 15-year-old victim broke up with the alleged stabber , on spiegel.de, accessed on December 29, 2017.
- ^ Anna-Lena Ripperger: Demonstrations in Kandel: A city held hostage . In: FAZ.net , March 24, 2018, accessed on March 25, 2018.
- ↑ Kandel: 200 right wing, 500 counter-demonstrators. Retrieved December 28, 2018 .
- ^ State Chancellery Rhineland-Palatinate: Civic engagement connects people. Retrieved December 28, 2018 .
- ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate: Kandel
- ↑ a b c List of officials and statistics of the Royal Bavarian Government District of the Palatinate. 1863, p. XX of the appendix.
- ↑ a b Results of the census in the Kingdom of Bavaria from December 1, 1871 according to individual communities. 1873, p. 65.
- ↑ KommWis, as of December 31, 2013
- ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
- ↑ After the runoff election: Michael Niedermeier is the new mayor of Kandel. Pfalz-Express, June 16, 2019, accessed on April 25, 2020 .
- ^ Karl Heinz Debus: The great book of arms of the Palatinate. Gräber, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 1988, ISBN 3-9801574-2-3 .
- ↑ Andreas Lapos: A65 in Kandel closes: Managing Director Stefan Stöber gives the reasons. In: rheinpfalz.de. April 12, 2017. Retrieved May 31, 2017 .
Bellheim | Berg (Palatinate) | Erlenbach near Kandel | Freckenfeld | Freisbach | Germersheim | Hagenbach | Hatzenbühl | Heard | Jockgrim | Candelabra | Knittelsheim | Kuhardt | Leimersheim | Lingenfeld | Lustadt | Minfeld | Neuburg am Rhein | Neupotz | Ottersheim near Landau | Rheinzabern | Rülzheim | Scheibenhardt | Schwegenheim | Steinweiler | Vollmersweiler | Weingarten (Palatinate) | Westheim (Palatinate) | Winches | Wörth am Rhein | Zeiskam