Malé Svatoňovice
| Malé Svatoňovice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Trutnov | ||||
| Area : | 675 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 32 ' N , 16 ° 3' E | ||||
| Height: | 441 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,504 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 542 34 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Rtyně v Podkrkonoší - Velké Svatoňovice | ||||
| Railway connection: | Jaroměř – Trutnov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Eva Hylmarová (as of 2007) | ||||
| Address: | Nádražní 105 542 34 Malé Svatoňovice |
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| Municipality number: | 579513 | ||||
| Website : | www.malesvatonovice.cz | ||||
Malé Svatoňovice (German Klein Schwadowitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 11 kilometers east of Trutnov and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .
geography
Malé Svatoňovice is located at the foot of the Habicht Mountains at the transition to the Hertiner Furche ( Rtyňská brázda ). The Lesní Potok stream rises in the village . The Žaltman (739 m) rises to the north and the Kolčarka (691 m) to the east . Bunker lines of the Czechoslovak Wall stretch across the Habicht Mountains .
Neighboring towns are Přední Hory and Radvanice in the north, Horní Vernéřovice in the northeast, Petrovice and Strážkovice in the east, Rtyně v Podkrkonoší in the southeast, Batňovice in the south, Úpice in the southwest and Velké Svatoňovice in the west.
history
Svatoňovice belonged to the Vízmburk rule and came together with this in 1519 to the Nachod rule . The Trautenau chronicler Simon Hüttel reported on the first hard coal discovery in the Habichts Mountains, which took place near Markausch in 1590 .
On October 27, 1715, the farmer Wenzel Schreiber installed a wooden statue of Mary with a Christ child on a dead cherry tree at a well fed by seven springs on the edge of the Habicht Mountains, northwest of the present-day town. After a year later the tree, which had been frozen and withered since 1709, fell again and bore fruit on seven branches, the well was revered as miraculous and visited by the sick, who asked the Virgin Mary for release from their suffering. In 1731 the well was bricked up and next to it Duchess Anna Maria Viktoria Piccolomini, née Kolowrat , who ruled for her son Giovanni Venceslao Piccolomini , had a pilgrimage church built on the site of a wooden chapel. At the same time a hydropathic institute was founded. Since then, Svatoňovice has become an important place of pilgrimage to the Virgin Mary.
In 1736, David Antonín Nývlt , the retainer or rent master , published a paper on the pilgrimage site and the effects of its medicinal springs. It was published in German by a Glatzer publishing house and also in Czech in Prague.
At the end of the 18th century, coal deposits were discovered east of Svatoňovice on the slopes of the Habicht Mountains . 1800 began jacking the Xaver- Erbstollens . At the foot of the mountains there was a miners' settlement called Studánka svatoňovická ( Schwadowitzer Brünnl ) or Svatoňovičky ( Klein Schwadowitz ). In 1826 the place Schwadowitz (Svatoňovice) was divided into the two villages Klein Schwadowitz (Malé Svatoňovice) and Groß Schwadowitz (Velké Svatoňovice). In Klein Schwadowitz there was initially a well doctor, later a spa doctor. Seidel, who gambled away his money in the lottery, is known to be the first spa doctor from 1840. At the heyday of the baths, the wrong doctor “Dr.” worked in Klein Schwadowitz, who introduced Kneipp medicine . From 1883, Antonín Čapek, the father of the Čapek brothers, worked as a spa doctor in Klein Schwadowitz.
Malé Svatoňovice belonged to the Nachod estate , which also operated the coal mining industry, until the hereditary subordination was abolished in 1848 . On January 1, 1850, Malé Svatoňovice was part of the municipality Svatoňovice. In 1851 a mining office was set up in Klein Schwadowitz . The South-North German communication path established 1857-1859 rail branch line Josefstadt according Schwadowitz, the 1868 to the Prussian border at Königshan was extended. In 1861 a post office was set up. In 1871 the miners' settlement in Mexico was established. In 1875 Wilhelm zu Schaumburg-Lippe had a Czech school built. On January 28, 1880 Malé Svatoňovice was separated from Velké Svatoňovice and became an independent municipality.
The Čapek Brothers Museum was built in 1946 in the house where Karel Čapek was born. Since 1976 the villages Petrovice, Strážkovice and Odolov belong to Malé Svatoňovice as districts. In 1991 coal mining was stopped. Since May 25, 2006, the municipality has had a coat of arms and a flag.
Community structure
The municipality Malé Svatoňovice consists of the districts Malé Svatoňovice ( Klein Schwadowitz ), Odolov ( Wodolau ), Petrovice ( Petrowitz ) and Strážkovice ( Straschkowitz ) as well as the locality Studánka.
Attractions
- The Baroque pilgrimage church of the Seven Joys of the Virgin Mary was built in 1731.
- Mariengarten (Mariánský sad) at the church, built 1891-1893 with seven chapels and a Stations of the Cross
- Lookout tower on Žaltman
- Museum of the Čapek Brothers in the house where Karel Čapek was born on the market square
Sons and daughters of the church
- Wilhelm Riepl (1872–1957), Austrian military bandmaster
- Alfons Poller (1879–1930), Austrian physician
- Karel Čapek (1890–1938), Czech writer
