St. Marien (Herne-Baukau)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Mary
The ornate portal page of the church 2012

The ornate portal page of the church 2012

Data
place Herne-Baukau , North Rhine-Westphalia
architect Hermann Wielers and Johannes Franziskus Klomp
Construction year 1899-1909
height around 60 m
Coordinates 51 ° 32 '44 .4 N , 7 ° 12' 29.4"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 32  '44.4 " N , 7 ° 12' 29.4"  E
particularities
ornate, neo-Gothic brick facade

The St. Marien Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Herne-Baukau . Today it is the parish church of the St. Dionysius parish of the Emschertal dean's office in the Archdiocese of Paderborn . The church is a neo-Gothic building, in its present form largely executed in the years 1907–1909 based on designs by Johannes Franziskus Klomp . Thomas Parent calls the brick facade of the church the most artistic in the Ruhr area.

location

The church is located in the north of the city of Herne. It is located in the middle section of Baukauer Bismarckstraße, between Kaiserstraße and Westring, until 1970 Moltkestraße. Most of the buildings in the area date from the Wilhelmine era at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The church is oriented from southwest to northeast, with the double tower facade and the main portal to the street leading by.

Building description

The building is built as a three-aisled hall church with transepts made of red brick. The polygonal choir has a 5/8 end . The roof of the church is covered with gray slate, in contrast to the red brickwork.

The main portal to Bismarckstrasse is flanked left and right by four columns each with Corinthian capitals , made entirely of red clay tiles. The columns have a Gothic pointed arch. The robe is a stepped portal run. A crowned figure of Mary with a child is placed above the eyelash . The gable of the nave behind it is adorned with a seven-fold openwork glass rosette, in the top of the gable is a relief with the title Christ as Judge of the World: a crowned, enthroned figure with orb and scepter. The portal is flanked by four pinnacles , whose finials are also burned from brick clay.

The two 60 meter high towers above the main portal wear pointed helmets with copper. In the lower part, tracery adorns the tower facade. The windows of the bellhouses are designed as tracery. At the corners of the towers there are four angel figures above small pinnacles.

inner space

The renovation of 1974 is characteristic for the current appearance of the church inside. Only a few traces of the original interior fittings from the construction phase, the Wiedenbrück school , can be found.

  • The altar, as well as the sacrament house, ambo, baptismal font and candlesticks were designed and designed by the sculptor Josef Baron from Unna-Hemmerde . The altar, tabernacle and base of the baptismal font are made of white Italian marble; The ambo, candlesticks and the baptismal font are made of bronze.
  • The old high altar , the side altars, the pulpit and the communion bench were made in the years 1900–1902 by the sculptor Heinrich Schweppenstedde (1865–1943) from Wiedenbrück . Only one relief with the birth of Christ and the ascension of Jesus and two figures of the apostles (Peter and Paul) have survived from the high altar .
  • In 1902, sculptor Anton Mormann (1851–1940) delivered the no longer existing baptismal font made of Belgian granite, which was closed with a richly decorated, oak lid.
  • In 1906/1908 the pictures of the new way of the cross by the painter Eduard Goldkuhle (born November 7, 1878 Wiedenbrück; † February 8, 1953 Oelde ) were made in Wiedenbrück, which are still hanging in the aisles today.
  • Pietà altar of the Sorrowful Mother , also a work by Anton Mormann.
  • The triumphal cross in the choir, which now exists in a modified form, was originally a pious foundation for missions and dates from 1901.
  • All the windows originally designed by the painter Wilhelm Remmes fell victim to the bombs of the Second World War and were replaced in the years 1954–1956 by the existing windows designed by Walter Klocke from Gelsenkirchen.
  • The organ was built in 1956 by the organ builder Anton Feith (Paderborn) with 29 registers on two manuals and a pedal . The instrument was restored and expanded in the 1980s as part of a renovation of the church by the organ building company Stockmann. Today it has 36 registers on three manuals and a pedal.
  • The cast steel bell was hung up in 1923 and sounds in a sharp ° -c sharp'-e'-f sharp '.

Building history

In the fast growing district of Bochum, Baukau was affiliated to the Herner St. Bonifatius parish as vicarie in the dean of Bochum. Since the number of parishioners rose sharply here too, 40,000 marks were approved for the first time in November 1897 and another 10,000 marks in June 1900 for the new church building in Baukau. In the first construction phase, preliminary work began in March 1899 and the foundation stone was laid on July 23, 1899. The restrained plan of the north-facing structure from January 1899 was made by the Bochum architect Hermann Wielers . It is a three-aisled, Gothic hall church with a transept and at that time a horizontal ceiling. The exterior design of the church was done in brick shell construction with machine ring furnace bricks with partial use of facing and shaped bricks . The tracery of the windows and rosettes were made of shaped stone, capitals and bases of the columns and services were made of sandstone , while the shafts of the columns and wall services were bricked. First the choir, the transept and two bays of the nave as well as the ancillary rooms were built under the direction of the architect. The southern side of the church was only provisionally built, as the church was to be expanded here later. The lay room thus offered space for 1340 people. A roof turret, which was removed in 1946, was used to hold a small bell. The church was completed in the summer of 1900 for 76,143.03 marks including the architect's fee and was designated on August 5, 1900 by Dean Holtgreven from Weitmar .

On September 29, 1901, the independent parish of St. Marien zu Baukau was founded. In July 1904, the architect Arnold Güldenpfennig presented a draft for the desired extension of the church , which extended the nave by two sections and closed it off with a massive tower. The execution was not carried out due to the pastor's illness and the design was never executed.

In order to be able to complete the church, further funds were collected in 1906 through house collections in the dioceses of Münster and Paderborn. The net proceeds amounted to 41,000 marks and thus the architect Johannes Franziskus Klomp in Dortmund was able to work out his own plan in December 1907 , according to which the final expansion of the church took place. The nave was extended by a yoke and two side chapels were built on it. Two towers around 60 m high, inside of which the organ gallery is located, now close the church in the south. The architecture of the extension building is richly designed in contrast to the first construction phase, which is kept simple and simple. Terracottas , tuff and shaped stones were widely used. The result was probably the most elaborate brick facade in the sacred building in the Ruhr area. For the main portal, even the Corinthian capitals of the flanking columns were burned from brick clay.

Inside the church, the straight ceiling of the first component was removed and the whole church was given a Rabitz vault . This created a uniform spatial effect. Due to a broken pillar, however, the church had to be closed by the building authorities. Instead of the planned slender pillar construction in the tower, walls had to be built inside, which damaged the interior appearance of the church. The final inspection of the church took place on August 9, 1909. The parish, which has belonged to Herne since 1908, was followed by a long-term trial against the executing architect, which was decided in 1914 in favor of the Catholic parish of Herne-Baukau.
On April 20, 1914, the parish church was consecrated by Paderborn Bishop Karl Joseph Schulte and the relics of the martyrs Mansuetus and Simplicius walled up in the high altar .

Due to moisture damage, later damage from the Second World War and the changing tastes of the time, it was repeatedly rebuilt and renewed in the following decades. The first major repair on the church building was a sealing of the church roof in 1923/1924, in 1928 the interior and the facade were renovated. In November 1944, damage from bombs and air mines, especially the windows and the roof, was recorded. On April 8, 1945 ( White Sunday ), the towers in which the German Wehrmacht had installed a telephone system were shelled by American artillery. Falling stones (gargoyles) damaged the roof of the nave. In 1948 the towers were restored.

The listed vicariate building

The church was placed under monument protection in 1996 as a building ensemble with the vicariate building.

From 1974 onwards, according to plans by the architect Gerold Ringelhahn, the interior was completely renovated, adapted to the liturgical requirements and ended on March 7, 1976 with the consecration of the new altar by Auxiliary Bishop Paul Nordhues . A few years later, there were hidden construction defects; the vault was stained and the plaster was peeling off. During the first inspection, the architect Wolfgang Trennberg from Unna discovered serious defects in the masonry. The eight corner angels and parts of the facade threatened to fall down. The main portal had to be blocked immediately. In the first construction phase in 1998/1999, the damage to the towers and the portal was repaired. The two distinctive towers got copper roofs, the valuable, artistically designed brick facade and the stone figures were restored. In the second construction phase in 2001, the exterior of the nave was restored and the heating system renewed inside.

In the last step, the interior was renovated in 2004. The plaster on the wall surfaces was removed and renewed, the electrical installation and lighting were brought up to date, the natural stone floor repaired and the organ overhauled and expanded by five registers. The St. Marien Church has been open to visitors again since July 3, 2005.

Clergy (selection)

  • December 16, 1901–1906, Pastor Franz Becker, former Dominican. First rector in Baukau, first pastor of the St. Marien parish.
  • December 1, 1906–1921, Pastor Joseph Schunck, * Oelinghausen.
  • 1922–1923 Pastor Bertrams
  • October 1, 1977–2004, pastor Michael Beckmann, * 1935, ordained priest at Christmas 1962, 1963 to 1968 in St. Barbara (Dorstfeld) , 1968–1977 parish vicar in St. Pius Herne-Pantringshof. Subsidiary in the pastoral network Herne-Nord.
  • November 2005 - August 2014. Parish administrator Pastor Guido Hoernchen, born April 4, 1970 in Letmathe , studied theology in Paderborn and Munich from 1990–1995, ordained priest in 1997, vicar in St. Bonifatius and St. Elisabeth in Herne, 2001–2005 regional vicar in of the pastoral care region Hochsauerland-Waldeck and pastor for temporary help in the pastoral association Brilon , from September 1st 2014 head of the pastoral area pastoral association Dortmund West ( Lütgendortmund , Bövinghausen , Marten , Oespel-Kley )
  • since 2017, Georg Birwer, pastor of St. Dionysius Herne

literature

  • Thomas Parent: The Ruhr area: from the ›golden‹ Middle Ages to industrial culture . DuMont art travel guide. 3. Edition. DuMont-Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2005, ISBN 3-7701-3159-2 .
  • Ursula Quednau, Christoph Bellot (Eds.): Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia II: Westphalia . Ed. Scientific association for the continuation of the art topographical work of Georg Dehio eV (Dehio Association). German Kunstverl., Berlin, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .

Web links

Commons : St. Marien (Herne-Baukau)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Thomas Parent: The Ruhr Area: from the ›golden‹ Middle Ages to industrial culture . DuMont art travel guide. 3. Edition. DuMont-Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2005, ISBN 3-7701-3159-2 , p. 265 .
  2. More information about the organ of the Marienkirche