The Promised Land (comic)

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The Promised Land (French original title: La Terre promise ) is a comic album from the Lucky Luke series , which was drawn by Achdé in 2016 and with which Jul made his debut as a copywriter in the series. The German edition, translated by Klaus Jöken , was published by Egmont Ehapa in 2017 as the 95th volume in the series . The album received extensive reception in both France and Germany when it was released, including the issue of the immigration of Ashkenazi Jews to the United States in the 19th century. According to the publisher, the German edition of the comic sold 100,000 times in the first few months.

main characters

  • Lucky Luke and Jolly Jumper
  • The Stern family
    • Moishe Stern, grandfather and head of the family
    • Rachel Stern, the grandmother, corresponds to the stereotype of the Jewish mother
    • Hanna Stern, the twenty-year-old granddaughter of Moishe and Rachel Stern, her parents were murdered by Cossacks
    • Jankel Stern, twelve year old brother of Hanna
    • Jack Loser alias Jakob Stern, son of Moishe and Rachel, uncle of Hanna and Jankel

action

Lucky Luke accompanies a herd of cattle and meets his old friend Jack Loser. He reveals to him that his real name is Jacob Stern . Jack comes from a family of Eastern European Jews who now want to follow him to the United States of America . Jack's family should not find out that he is not a lawyer in New York , but just a simple cowboy in the west. So Jack Lucky asks Luke for help. Lucky Luke is supposed to pick up Jack's Ashkenazi family in St. Louis and take them west to Chelm City, a fictional location in Montana .

The newcomers are observed on arrival in St. Louis. Her extensive luggage with numerous wooden boxes arouses the desire of two robbers, who suspect that there is great wealth in them. In fact, they are mostly books, but the fact that the family is accompanied by a man the size of a Lucky Luke increases the prospect of rich booty. In addition, the bandits overhear a conversation when a mysterious great treasure is handed over to Lucky Luke, but it is a Torah .

On the way to their destination Chelm City, travelers are repeatedly the target of failed raids. During a stay in the small town of Peachy Poy, Moishe Stern behaves so conspicuously in the saloon that he is almost lynched. Lucky Luke intervenes soon enough. There follows a dangerous drive through a canyon , where another attack fails. They are also attacked by a tribe of the Cree , whose chief and medicine man befriend the Stern family. Eventually the group reached Chelm City and was greeted enthusiastically by the local Jews, including Jack Loser. In the first kosher saloon of the Wild West there is a welcome party and a little later also the bar mitzvah of the little Jankel. During the celebration, Lucky Luke sits down and rides Jolly Jumper past a seven-armed cactus and following the setting sun.

Caricatures and allusions

A variety of allusions to Judaism and Ashkenazi culture run through the entire volume . In the German-language edition, for example, the Sterns speak in an idiom that is influenced by Yiddish and is marked in the comic text by shifting sounds such as other instead of left or ejn instead of an . According to the medium, the Jewish figures are heavily overdrawn and portrayed stereotypically but very positively. Grandmother Rachel, for example, with her caring and constant endeavors to express her affection through food gifts, corresponds in many ways to the stereotype of the Jewish mother .

In the course of the plot, references are made again and again to Old Testament motifs, Jewish culture, the persecution of Jews in Russia in the 19th century up to Nazi-occupied Europe and the history of the Jews in the United States . Numerous motifs are only accessible to those familiar with Jewish history, some are clearly aimed at the French readership. This applies, for example, to the allusion to the fictional place Peachy Poy or Pitchipoï . Other references concern prominent Jews such as Albert Einstein or Levi Strauss, or elements of American popular culture .

Judaism

Torah

The first names of the members of the Stern family can all be traced back to persons from the Torah:

The exodus from Egypt and the migration of the people of Israel through the desert ( Ex 1  EU - Ex 18  EU ) are often taken up, for example with the remark difficult Rejsn? We are specialists at Moishe Stern (p. 11, panel 9; p. 15, panels 8 and 9).

One of the two bandits who chase Lucky Luke and the Stern family is called Goliath . In one scene, Goliath is knocked down with a sling while trying to kidnap little Jankel. The scene takes over the fight of David against Goliath from the 1st book Samuel ( 1 Sam 17  EU ). The first book of Samuel is not only part of the Christian Old Testament, but also - together with the second book of Samuel - as the book of Samuel, one of the prophetic books of the Jewish Tanakh (p. 17, panel 2 to 10).

In view of the destroyed bridge over the Red River and confused by the multitude of rules to be observed by devout Jews, Lucky Luke asks Moishe: Are you allowed to wade through the water? Moishe replies: Of course Mr. Luke. As long as we don't go over the Jordan! . The answer relates to the crossing of the Jordan in the Book of Joshua ( Jos 3,1-17  EU , and to the description of dying derived from it . In the French original the dialogue reads: Vous êtes prêts à porter? - Prêt-à-porter? J'ai fait toute ma carrière dans la confection, monsieur Luke! (German: Are you ready to wear? - Prêt-à-porter ? I've made my entire career with clothing , Monsieur Luke! ) And plays on Stern's tailoring trade on (p. 22, panel 3).

Lucky Luke and the Stern family cross the Red River with the help of a beaver dam . Lucky Luke comments on the stroke of luck: To cross the "Red River" without getting wet is almost a miracle. The trapper who drew the travelers' attention to the beaver dam is called "Moses" Jackson. This "Moses" is easy to identify with the biblical Moses . The presentation of the river crossing refers to the second book of Moses ( Ex 13  EU - Ex 15  EU ) and described there miraculous crossing of the times with the Red Sea equated Red Sea (page 22, panel 4 to 9 and page 23, panel 1 to 3).

When Moishe Stern needs a bottle of wine for Shabbat , Lucky suggests Luke ask for it in the saloon . The badly reputed saloon is called Golden Calf (German: Golden Calf ). The naming is a reference to the idol in the 2nd book of Moses ( Ex 32  EU - Ex 34  EU ), one of the five books of the Torah (p. 25, panel 1).

The possession of a historical Torah scroll and some traditions of the Cree make them appear as one of the ten lost tribes of Israel that were relocated after the conquest by the Assyrians ( 2 Kings 17.6  EU ) and have since disappeared. The fact that they are Indians creates a connection to the legend of the red Jews that originated in Germany in the 13th century . These only became known to a wide audience through the Yiddish picaresque novel Die Fahrt Binjamins the Third by Ashkenazi Mendele Moicher Sforim , which also establishes a connection with Eastern Jewry (pp. 42 to 46).

Jewish life

The destination of the Stern family is Chelm City . This alludes to the eastern Polish city of Chełm , which was a center of Jewish life in its region. In the Jewish joke , the inhabitants are comparable to the bourgeoisie because of their assumed stupidity, the target of ridicule . Originally there was no connection with the term rascal (p. 6, panel 1, p. 46, panel 5 and many more).

The term book religion , which emerged in the 19th century, encompasses Judaism , Christianity and Islam in a narrower sense . The Arabic term Ahl al-kitāb (German: People of the Book or People of Scripture ) denotes Jews and Christians in the Koran , in Hadith and in Islamic law . But people of the book is also a self and external name for the Jewish people. This is widely referred to, for example when the Sterns arrived in St. Louis ( they are also called the People of the Book ) and with the large number of book boxes in their luggage, which mostly contain religious literature (pages 9 and 13). The Torah is of paramount importance as the holy scripture of Judaism, and a historical Torah scroll from Galicia is entrusted to Lucky Luke as the Sterns' most precious possession (p. 19, panel 6-10). Damaging it, so that it is perforated like the score for a mechanical piano, is a terrible misfortune (p. 35, panels 3 to 5; p. 45, panel 2). This misfortune is alleviated by the fact that Moishe Stern receives a Torah scroll from Toledo from the 13th century from the Cree (p. 44).

The members of the Stern family can be recognized as Charedim by their black clothing and headgear , and are perceived by the population as strange. Throughout the plot there are allusions in which Orthodox Judaism compared with the Mormons (p. 9, panel 6, compared to them even the Mormons are saloon dancers ; p. 12, panel 5; p. 24, panels 7 to 8) and the Amish (p. 26, panel 5; p. 27, panel 3; p. 28, panel 8; p. 39, panels 4 to 6) are compared or confused. The threatening confrontation with the Cree tribe turns for the better, because the Indians discover that Moishe Stern - as Orthodox Jews often do - wears a kippah under his hat . With the arrival of the visitor Doppelter Scalp , an old prophecy will be fulfilled (p. 43, panels 3 to 4).

The Jewish cuisine has spawned a number of dishes that were repeatedly mentioned. These include smoked herring (p. 9, panel 8), gefilte fish (panel 29, panel 8) and chopped liver (p. 14, panel 9; p. 48, panel 9). In the vocalizations of the initially hostile Indians, other dishes are hidden, often with reference to Judaism: Osban is a rumen filled with various ingredients such as rice, spices, lamb, minced liver and heart. Tunisian harissa is made from green peppers, tomatoes and onions. The Mekbouba is a system based on pepper and tomato vegetable dish Tunisian Jews (p 43, Panel 1). Mulukheia is an Arabic vegetable dish based on Muskraut that as Schakschuka and Msoki the Jewish kitchen is (p 43, Panel 2). Makroud is a sweet pastry from several countries in North Africa. Algerian Jews hand it to Rosh Hashanah . Dafina is a stew made from beef, potatoes, chickpeas and other ingredients that is traditionally part of the second meal on the Sabbath in Jewish cuisine in the Maghreb (p. 44, panel 5). The pkaïla is made from beans and spinach and served with couscous . It is also part of the Tunisian-Jewish cuisine (p. 44, panel 7).

As Orthodox Jews, the Sterns are strictly bound by a number of religious rules that are picked up during the plot. This includes observing the Sabbath (p. 29, panels 2 to 7), performing the prescribed prayers (p. 16; pages 30 to 31) and observing the Jewish dietary laws (p. 18 and 19, panels 1 to 5; p. 30, panel 12 to p. 31, panel 4).

Judaism is not only a religious community, but also a people defined by their common faith, in whose culture a distinction is made between Jews and Gojím . The Stern family took Lucky Luke for granted that he was Jewish, even though he disregarded religious rules. Moishe is stunned by Luke's casual admission that he is not a Jew (p. 21). On a later occasion Moishe wonders that his son Jacob has made friends with the only legend in the West who is not a Jew: Davy Crockett's real name is David Niderman , Buffalo Bill and Calamity Jane are also Jews who do things in American (p. 25, panels 4 to 6).

When the tour group is warned by a division of the US cavalry about the journey through the area of ​​the Cree , it is said that they are always on the warpath. The German edition thus dispenses with an allusion to French Judaism contained in the French original. The answer Les pieds-noirs ne quitteront jamais le sentier (German: The pieds-noirs never leave the (war) path ) does not necessarily mean the Blackfoot . The term pied noir has been used to describe Algerian-French people since the middle of the 20th century. These were mostly European emigrants, but also Sephardic Jews who had long been resident in Algeria and who had received French citizenship in the 19th century. In a broader sense, this also includes the Jews of Morocco and Tunisia. In addition, the Quartier du Sentier in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris one of the historic Jewish quarter of the city, and in the street Sentier (German: path ) especially attracted many from the newly independent Algeria displaced Jews (page 38, panel 10).

The stereotype of the Jewish mother is embodied in the tape primarily by the grandmother Rachel Stern. The mother of the shaman of the Cree shows a very similar behavior to Rachel, with an exaggerated care for her children and the insulted saying you want my death , when the son rejects her. This is the first reference in the plot to the tribe as one of the lost tribes of Israel (p. 44, panels 2 to 3).

At the beginning of his bar mitzvah , Yankel Baruch says sachem and is corrected by the rabbi: HaShem , not sachem (p. 48, panel 1).

Prominent Jews

Einstein fountain in Ulm

In the scene of the arrival of a family at the immigration office, a young boy, unmistakably with the appearance of Albert Einstein , sticks out his tongue. The depiction caricatures Albert Einstein's photo, which has become an integral part of international pop culture, with his tongue out. This photo of the 72-year-old Einstein was taken by the American UPI photographer Arthur Sasse (1908–1973) after his birthday party . The mother, "Mrs. Einstein ”, answers the question about the first name of her son:“ Albert ”(p. 10, panel 2).

A sign on the way bears the inscription Analyst Gulch (German: Schlucht der Analytiker ) and anyone who lies down here does not get up anymore . With a figure in the background, a tramp, the Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud is caricatured (p. 10, panel 3).

Rachel Stern questions Moish's ability to drive the covered wagon. He answers: Already forgotten? I drove the troika of cousin Lev Semyonovich on the rickshaw from Bereditschew! Allusion is made to the Soviet psychologist Lev Semjonowitsch Wygotski , who with his colleagues Alexander Romanowitsch Lurija and Alexei Nikolajewitsch Leontjew formed a group known as the Troika and founded the School of Cultural History (p. 28, plate 2).

Even Levi's jeans are caricatured: pants by Levi Strauss? That will be a plejte (French: Pantalons Levi Strauss? Ça ne marchera jamais! ). The company founder Levi Strauss is portrayed as a relative of the Sterns. In fact, a co-managing director of the company was Levi Strauss' brother-in-law David Stern (p. 47, panels 3 and 6 to 8).

Shoah

Hanna's question Why does this man wear a star , referring to the Sheriff of Chelm City (in the original: Tous les Juifs d'ici sont-ils obligés de porter une étoile? ) Refers to the Jewish star that Jews in Germany and from 1941 onwards had to carry in the areas occupied by the Germans (p. 47, panel 1).

The place name Peachy Poy is the Americanized form of the fictional place name Pitchipoï (Hebrew: פיטשי פוי). In the French assembly camp in Drancy , this place was given to children to calm down as the unknown, mysterious destination of their journey. In fact, the deportations from Drancy to the extermination camps took place, in most cases to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp . The term pitchipoï is well known in France (from p. 24, panel 1).

The city of Bereditschew mentioned by Moishe Stern is the Ukrainian city of Berdychiv . It was a center of Jewish culture in the early 20th century, and Yiddish was permitted as an official and court language. In the 1930s, Yiddish was banned from official use by the Soviet authorities and some synagogues were closed. In 1941 and 1942 almost the entire Jewish population of the city, more than 30,000 people, was murdered by Einsatzgruppe C of the security police and the SD (p. 28, panel 2).

State of Israel

The six-day war is the target of an allusion when Moishe Stern says after an armed attack: I think you have won this “six-way war” (in the original: “Je crois que vous venez de remporter la guerre des six-coups”). The statement is not to be interpreted scatologically , but refers to the six shooter as a name for a revolver (p. 34, panel 4).

After the travelers' encounter with the Cree, Hanna asks her grandfather, because of the many similarities, whether the Cree might not be one of the lost tribes of Israel. Moishe laughs at the idea of Indian Jews : Why not Ethiopian Jews right away? This is an indication of the Beta Israel and the repatriation of tens of thousands of Ethiopian Jews to Israel between 1977 and 2012 (p. 46, panel 4).

United States

history

The first panel with the port of St. Louis shows a paddle steamer , the Providence (German: Providence ). The name of the ship can also be seen as one of the numerous references to religion, but also alludes to US history. The paddle steamers Providence and Bristol , built in 1866, were known in their day as floating palaces and were considered the finest ships of their time built in the United States. They were never in St. Louis, however, but operated between New York Harbor and Bristol , Rhode Island . The US Mail lettering in this panel - also on the paddle steamer - alludes to two US steamship companies. The US Mail Steamship Company , which existed from 1848 to 1859, operated its fleet between New York City and the Isthmus of Panama . Together with shipping on the Pacific side, it played an important role in mail traffic at the time of the California gold rush . The United States Mail Steamship Company , founded in 1920, operated a fleet of former German passenger steamers that were confiscated during the First World War or handed over to the United States as reparations after the war (p. 8, panel 1).

While Jewish immigration is the main theme of the volume, references are often made to the immigration of other ethnic groups into the United States, such as that of African slaves, Germans, Irish and Italians (p. 10, panel 6; p. 12, panel 2 bis 3), or Armenians, namely the Daltonians (p. 25, panel 7).

There is a sign on the wall of an office in the immigration office that reads “ Castle Clinton , Immigration Office” (p. 10, panel 2).

Contemporary history

An armed bank robber demands the cashier from the cashier, who replies "Immediately, Mr. Madoff!". The allusion refers to the US fraudster Bernie Madoff (p. 10, panel 5).

Shortly before the Stern family met Lucky Luke for the first time in the port of St. Louis, Moishe forgot his name. Hanna makes two suggestions: " Bill Gates " and " Harry Potter " (p. 10, panel 7).

Culture

American Gothic by Grant Wood (1930)

painting

The painting American Gothic by Grant Wood was caricatured as part of a panel entitled "In 1869 Most Americans Had Never Seen A Jew". The couple shown appear sullen and suspicious of two orthodox Jews walking by. American Gothic is now an icon of American pop culture. In the early 1930s - the United States was at the beginning of a severe economic crisis - the publication of photos of the painting in newspapers sparked protests from the rural population over their portrayal of bad-tempered Puritan moralists (p. 10, panel 1).

music

After an attack by the two robbers, in which the precious Torah is damaged, Jankel wants to lighten the mood by playing the fiddle . Moishe admonishes him: But this time don't boogie woogie before evening prayer, hey ?! The wording of the French original match the title Pas de boogie woogie of the French lyricist and chansonnier Eddy Mitchell from 1976. This title is again an adaptation of the song Do not Boogie Woogie When You Say Your Prayers Tonight by Martine layng Jr. , interpreted by Jerry Lee Lewis (plate 35, p. 9).

The song A Yiddish mame performed by Jankel Stern is a variation of the melody composed by Jack Yellen and Lew Pollack in 1925 and provided with a text by Jack Yellen. The Jewish mother and especially the child's grief over the loss of the mother are sung about (pp. 35 to 37). The song My Yiddishe Momme is known all over the world and is also understood in the United States as an expression of the grief of Ashkenazi immigrants for their lost Eastern European homeland. The first performers were Willie Howard and Sophie Tucker . Tucker's recording was made in 1925 shortly after the death of her own mother, with an English-language A-side and a Yiddish B-side. The record reached number 5 on the US charts and is still the most famous version to this day. Among the numerous interpreters are Leo Fuld ( My Yiddishe mama , numerous publications from 1934 to 2005), Itzhak Perlman , Connie Francis , Jossele Rosenblatt , Charles Aznavour (French), Ray Charles and Ivan Rebroff ( Mother's hands , 1981).

At the musical farewell party with the Cree, the first lines of the hit hot sand are reproduced, with which the Italian singer Mina reached number 1 in the German charts in 1962: hot sand and a lost country, and a life in danger . In the French original, the lines Ah qu'elles sont jolies les squaws de mon pays come from the chanson Les Filles de mon pays by Enrico Macias from 1964, only the girls have been replaced by squaws (p. 45, panel 4).

Movie

The first panel of the volume has the text The West ... Infinite Expanses ... Nothing but nature on a yellow background at the bottom right . This refers to the spoken opening credits of the science fiction television series Raumschiff Enterprise : Space, endless expanses (p. 3, panel 1).

Chelm City , the destination of the trip, is also a travel destination in the German animated film Die Schelme von Schelm from 1995. The protagonist got lost through a malicious deception on the way from Chełm to Warsaw and assumed after his unscheduled return to Chełm, he was in a completely identical second Chełm. In the course of the story, Chełm is destroyed. The main character then sets off with his family in order to get to the “real” Chełm with them (p. 6, panel 1, p. 46, panel 5 and many more).

The Marx Brothers appear on a panel as they run away in a hail of bullets. A place name sign reads Hollywood. We don't like comedians (p. 10, panel 4).

In Peachy Poi's saloon, Moishe Stern mentions a Rabbi Jacob in Kishinew . The city is Chișinău and Rabbi Jacob is the title character of the French film The Adventures of Rabbi Jacob (p. 26, plate 2).

Moishe Stern describes the Israelites as excellent coachmen , citing Ben Hur . This alludes to the 1959 film Ben Hur by William Wyler . It is a film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Lew Wallace from 1880, which was filmed several times (p. 28, panel 4).

After Rachel Stern offers the hungry and angry Lucky Luke Gefilte Fisch from the previous day on the evening of the Sabbath , he is haunted by a nightmare that night . In the first dream scene, Rachel urges Lucky Luke to eat “another bite”. In the following panel, the dream image has transformed into the outline of the film character Darth Vader and says: "I am your mother, Luke". The dream scene alludes to the American film franchise Star Wars , and here in particular to a key scene from the film Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back (p. 29, panels 8 to 11). When Lucky Luke woke up from his dream that morning and complained about having eaten too much “stuffed fish” the night before, Jolly Jumper replied: “You still have a lot to learn, cowboy”. The peculiar word order , the exchange of subject and object in the sentence, alludes to Master Yoda , another figure from the Star Wars universe. In the French original, Jolly Jumper answers here, also alluding to Star Wars : Méfie-toi du côté obscur de la farce, Luke (German: Beware of the dark side of the filling, Luke ) (p. 30, panel 3).

Comic quotes

Professor Otto von Himbeergeist, a character from the French album La guérison des Dalton from 1975, which was released in Germany as Lucky Luke Band No. 10 ( The Daltons are cured ) and again as No. 54 (The Daltons and the Psycho -Doc) appeared, riding past a sign that reads Analyst Gulch (German: Schlucht der Analystiker ). The sign also bears the inscription: Anyone who lies down here does not stand up anymore (p. 10, panel 3).

Two seedy travelers approach a town marked Gotham City with a wooden sign. The sign also reads: "Stranger, fly away if you want to play the hero". In the French original, the inscription is Étranger, si tu veux jouer au Super-Héros, passe ton chemin (German: Stranger, if you want to play the superhero, just go on ) and directly relates to the superheroes of popular culture. The two travelers carry bags, each with a logo of the cartoon characters Superman and Batman . The allusion has an even deeper meaning: Gotham City has been a frequently used name for New York City since the 19th century . This city exerted a great attraction on those wishing to emigrate all over the world, especially also on Eastern European Jews (p. 10, panel 6).

Lucky Luke's trademark is pulling his Colt faster than his own shadow. At the first meeting with Lucky Luke, Moishe Stern describes himself as the fastest snowman east of the Wejchsel (p. 11, panel 6). From Jankel, who does not take his duty to prayer very seriously, it is said: he prays faster than his shadow (p. 16, panel 10).

Production notes

Jul told the Paris news magazine Le Point that The Promised Land fills a thematic gap in the Lucky Luke series . René Goscinny was a Jew himself and had lost family members in the National Socialist extermination camps. Neither he himself nor his successors had addressed the history of Judaism in America, although the Italians, Irish and Chinese had already found their place as immigrants in earlier volumes. It was important to him, in a time full of tension, to write a story about the clash of cultures that focuses on happiness and appeals to the intelligence of the reader.

In the first week of sales in France, 45,000 volumes with an edition of 500,000 were sold. In an interview with Figaro , Jul refers to this success. He calls his first volume in the series the revival of the 70-year-old hero of Morris and Goscinny , who has already been forgotten by many readers. The role of Lucky Luke is extremely complex, it brings order to the chaos of the world and makes our world appear intolerant, stupid, greedy and gloomy. For Jul, Lucky Luke is one of the few deradicalization cells currently operating in France.

The translator Klaus Jöken , who has been translating Lucky Luke for more than 25 years , calls the volume a great challenge, it is "peppered with an incredible number of allusions and multi-layered narrative threads". The idiom of the Stern family, reminiscent of Yiddish, is a creation of Jöken. In the original, the Sterns speak an accent-free French, there dialects, unlike in German, are not perceived as sympathetic. Allusions to French history, such as the Pied-noir as an Indian tribe, were rejected by Jöken, since nobody in Germany understands them. At one point Moishe says that he has to “concentrate” on the driver's seat, and a little later it is about a “camp” for the night. Here Jöken had to avoid the coincidental combination and the conceivable association “ concentration camp ”. The same applied to the designation of Lucky Luke as a "guide".

reception

The voices for the band were very mixed. Marc Vetter wrote on the Rolling Stone comic blog that the band was “a huge disappointment. Not only are Achdé's drawings irritatingly simple, especially the plot about a group of Jews that Lucky Luke has to escort from Saint Louis to Montana is so banal and without any sense of punch line that it doesn't lure a dog out of his hut. "

Quentin Girard of the left-liberal French daily Liberation complains that the band has not kept its promises and that the real deal with the promised land is missing. He asks whether this Lucky Luke is a hero who lives adventures full of humor or just the template for cracking jokes. The clichés of ethnic groups were also targeted in earlier volumes, for example with the Chinese dishwasher or the French hairdresser Pierre. That worked because they were lovingly drawn minor characters. The focus here is on the Ashkenazi family and their Yiddish, and even a Monsieur Pierre with his French as the main character of a band would be boring quickly.

Jérôme Dupuis from the news magazine L'Express sees the more than 50-year-old volume No. 39, California or Death ( La Caravane ), only that now a Jewish family has to be saved. The band sins in its chatty nature against the poetry of the West and drowned it in a torrent of puns.

The majority of reviewers, however, are positive. Jonathan Scheiner from the Jüdische Allgemeine sees that the characters use clichés without disparaging them: “Jews have long turnip noses, bear puffy beards and become sentimental when they hear songs like“ A Yiddish Mame ”. The new Lucky Luke is full of these prejudices. And that's a good thing, because the comic is laughable. " The promised land leaves out only a few prejudices and is still done very well," because it focuses on the Jewish contribution to the conquest of the Wild West. "

Ralph Trommer wrote in the taz : “Jul und Achdé succeeds in telling a varied adventure with serious undertones and cheeky allusions. Her pictorial history takes up the current migration issue by means of a historical, now largely forgotten chapter of America - a light-footed game with "the" Jewish humor. "

Guido Sprügel from the left-wing political weekly newspaper Jungle World has the impression “that the lonesome cowboy is clearly gaining shape thanks to Jul's collaboration. The story benefits from their humor - both for children and adults. ”Even without the many French hints lost in the translation, the band lives through its loving and humorous look at Jewish traditions and rules.

Bertrand Guyard of the conservative daily Le Figaro regards the large number of word games criticized by other reviewers as the strong point of the band. He congratulates the copywriter for the excellent puns: " Mazel tov ". Jul found the lost spirit of Goscinny in his first work and was inspired by Gérard Oury's film The Adventures of Rabbi Jacob .

Markus Pohlmeyer deals in detail with The Promised Land in an essay on Culturmag.de : “The journey / the comic as an educational novel in miniature format , but pop / post-modern. Echoes, references, quotations and intertextuality shape this picture story to a large extent ”.

Rupert Huber from Augsburger Allgemeine thinks this “Lucky Luke” is better and more original than it has been for a long time. [...] 'The Promised Land' plays with set pieces from the Lucky Luke myth. "

Anne Douhaire points out to France Inter that in 2016 it will be possible to combine humor and religion. Despite a sensitive context, Jul and the draftsman Achdé parody the Jewish community, and they do it pretty well.

Ulrike Dansauer says on Literaturzeitschrift.de : “The new volume not only comes up with an amusing, but also an interesting story, which is full of subtle allusions and at the same time brings readers closer to the Jewish faith (and its history), but also ( together with the rough customs of the Wild West) lovingly countered. […] The new scenarioist Jul did a great job; hopefully it will also be included in the upcoming volumes. "

Web links

expenditure

  • Achdé & Jul after Morris: Lucky Luke - The Promised Land . Egmont Ehapa Media, Berlin 2016, 48 pp. ISBN 978-3-7704-3924-9 (hardcover); also as a softcover (without ISBN), published in April 2017
  • Achdé & Jul d'après Morris: Lucky Luke - La Terre promise . Dargaud, Paris 2016, 48 pp. ISBN 978-2-88471-369-6 (hardback), published November 4, 2016
  • Achdé & Jul in the style of Morris: The Promised Land. A Lucky Luke Adventure . Cinebook, Canterbury 2017, 48 pp. ISBN 978-1-84918-366-6 , published December 29, 2017

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Preview of the Egmont Comic Collection for Spring and Summer 2018, page 41. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 4, 2018 ; accessed on April 26, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.egmont-vg.de
  2. ↑ Michael Berkowicz: Chelmer Narronim . In: Georg Herlitz and Bruno Kirschner (eds.): Jüdisches Lexikon , Volume I. Jüdischer Verlag , Berlin 1927, column 1355.
  3. ^ David Stern: Partner in Levi Strauss & Co. Website of the Jewish Museum of the American West, March 1, 2013, accessed April 9, 2019.
  4. ↑ Romain Brethes: Lucky Luke et les Juifs, c'est comme une évidence , Le Point , August 25, 2016, accessed on April 9, 2019.
  5. ↑ Olivier Delcroix: Jul: "Lucky Luke, la seule cellule de déradicalisation qui fonctionne!" , Le Figaro , November 10, 2016, accessed April 10, 2019.
  6. ↑ a b Guido Sprügel: He prays faster than his shadow , Jungle World , May 24, 2017, accessed on April 10, 2019.
  7. ↑ Marc Vetter: Comic blog: "The promised land" - Lucky Luke should retire immediately . In: Rolling Stone . April 13, 2017 ( rollingstone.de [accessed April 28, 2018]).
  8. ↑ Quentin Girard: Le nouveau "Lucky Luke", une Terre promise qui ne tient pas toutes ses promesses , Liberation , November 4, 2016, accessed on April 10, 2019.
  9. ↑ Jérôme Dupuis: Lucky Luke en terre promise , L'Express , November 27, 2016, accessed on April 9, 2019.
  10. ↑ Jonathan Scheiner: Jidden in the Wild West , Jüdische Allgemeine , October 23, 2017, accessed April 10, 2019.
  11. ↑ Ralph Trommer: Gefilte Fisch im Wilden Westen , Die Tageszeitung , May 16, 2017, accessed on April 9, 2019.
  12. ↑ Bertrand Guyard: Lucky Luke: les cinq meilleurs gags dégainés dans La Terre Promise , Le Figaro , November 4, 2016, accessed April 10, 2019.
  13. ↑ Markus Pohlmeyer: Die Neue Welt or Lucky Luke: Das gelobte Land , Culturmag.de , April 15, 2017, accessed on April 9, 2019.
  14. ↑ Rupert Huber: "The Promised Land" plays with the Lucky Luke myth . In: Augsburger Allgemeine . March 3, 2017 ( augsburger-allgemeine.de [accessed April 28, 2018]).
  15. ↑ Anne Douhaire: July: "Avec Lucky Luke et la Terre promise, on s'adresse à l'intelligence du lecteur" , France Inter , November 2nd 2016 accessed on 9 April of 2019.
  16. ↑ Ulrike Dansauer: Lucky Luke: Das gelobte Land (Vol. 95) by Achdé on Literaturzeitschrift.de , June 7, 2017, accessed on April 9, 2019.