Massachusetts Turnpike

map
Basic data
Overall length:	138.1  mi (222.3  km )
Opening:	1958 (complete completion 2003)
Starting point:	I-90 / Thruway on the New York border
End point:	Route 1A in Boston
Counties:	Berkshire County Hampden County Worcester County Middlesex County Suffolk County

A MassPike toll ticket

The Massachusetts Turnpike (commonly abbreviated as MassPike or The Pike ) is the easternmost 138.1  mi (222.3  km ) long section of Interstate 90 in the state of Massachusetts in the United States . The turnpike is partially tolled and begins on the western border of Massachusetts in West Stockbridge , where it connects I-90 to the New York State Thruway via the Berkshire Connector . From there the route runs east and through the cities of Springfield , Worcester and Boston to finally end at Logan International Airport in East Boston , where the turnpike meets Massachusetts Route 1A .

The highest point of the Turnpike is at Becket in the Berkshire Mountains , where the road reaches an elevation of 1,724  ft (525.5  m ) above sea level. This is also the highest point on I-90 east of Oacoma in South Dakota .

history

The trademark of the MassPike - a green pilgrim hat on a black background, here on a sign at the Sumner tunnel . The original version showed the hat with an Indian arrow stuck in it, but this was changed in 1989 to the new version without the arrow. The main reason for this was less political motives than the fact that motorists mistook the Indian arrow for a directional arrow and got off their planned route.

The first plans for the Turnpike date back to 1948 at the latest, when the Western Expressway was planned. The proposed route included a connection from the Boston Inner Belt to Newton with connections to US Highway 20 and Massachusetts Route 30 to the west. Later expansion stages envisaged a continuation to Worcester and beyond. From the beginning, the route was coordinated with the nationwide plans for the system of interstate highways and continued west to the border with New York and beyond to Albany .

The Springfield Bypass , which was to bypass US Highway 20 around Springfield , was also part of the planning . Part of the planned route used the route of the Hampden Railroad, which was never in operation . Analogously, the West Stockbridge Bypass was a new route of Massachusetts Route 102 , in that it should branch off west of Massachusetts Route 183 in Stockbridge to Route 102 east of the state line in West Stockbridge . The construction of this second bypass road began before the construction on the Turnpike.

In 1952, the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority was created by law of the Massachusetts General Court on the recommendation of then Governor Paul A. Dever and his commissioner for public works, William F. Callahan . The act was based on a similar act to create the Mystic River Bridge Authority in 1946, but incorporated several changes that would prove important 50 years later. Callahan took over the management of the agency until his death in April 1964.

Construction began in 1955, and the four-lane stretch from Route 102 on the state line to Massachusetts Route 128 in Weston opened on May 15, 1957. On May 26, 1959, the Berkshire Thruway opened , which connects the then western end of the Turnpike with the New York State Thruway south of Albany in New York. Before its inauguration, most traffic flowed along New York State Route 22 and US Highway 20. At the border between the two states, it is easy to see where the turnpike used to turn abruptly to the right and ended at Route 102, since the old one The lane that allowed Turnpike Authority and State Police vehicles to access this stretch still exists.

After political and legal disputes over the extension to Boston ( Boston Extension ) within Route 128, the related construction work began on March 5, 1962. The route ran alongside the track bed of the Boston and Albany Railroad , which was reduced to two tracks. In September 1964, the section between Route 128 East and exit number 18 in Allston was opened. The rest was inaugurated on February 18, 1965 and continued the turnpike to the Central Artery .

Designation as Interstate 90 was assigned to the turnpike in 1959 as part of the completion of the plans for the Interstate Highway System. Previous plans to route I-90 in the north of the state along Massachusetts Route 2 were discarded as too costly. With the inauguration of the Boston Extension , this section also became I-90.

In the 1990s, then Governor Bill Weld decided to transfer the Boston Big Dig project to the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority . Weld called James Kerasiotes into the agency to continue overseeing the Big Dig.

In 1991, construction began on the extension of the Massachusetts Turnpike , which runs as part of the Big Dig through the Ted Williams Tunnel to Logan International Airport . This last expansion went into operation in 2003, so the east end of I-90 now joins Massachusetts Route 1A .

The turnpike was legally split into a western (from the border with New York to Route 128) and an eastern part, which includes the so-called Metropolitan Highway System . This includes a 15  mi (24,1  km ) long section of Route 128 as far as East Boston , the tunnel Ted Williams , Sumner and Callahan under the Boston Harbor and a portion of I-93 from the Southampton Street by Thomas P. O'Neill Jr. Tunnel and over the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge to Tobin Bridge . Since then, the finances of the two sections have also been regulated separately.

Changes introduced in 2009

The Massachusetts Turnpike near the Chicopee exit

The Turnpike Authority decided on January 22, 2009 to change the toll fee for using the Fast Lane from a one-time fee for a transponder of $ 25.95 to a monthly subscription of $ 0.50. The costs for this were estimated at 6 million US dollars per year, but at the same time it was hoped that sales of the transponders would improve and that the toll stations staffed would be relieved . After long queues formed at the toll booths on Easter Monday of the same year, the dismissal of 50 employees working there, planned for June 15, was initially stopped.

In an effort to save government funds, the Massachusetts Road Administration (MRMV) announced it would close eleven of its leased branches and relocate its operations to buildings owned by MassHighway and the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority . These include in particular toll stations, visitor centers and office buildings. A planned increase in tolls could be averted by allocating part of the sales tax that had previously increased in the state .

On June 26, 2009, the state government under then-Governor Deval Patrick passed a law that united the Turnpike Authority with a new super agency that is responsible for all overground traffic in Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Department of Transportation ( MassDOT ) established in this way has since maintained all the highways that were previously under the control of MassHighway and the Turnpike Authority . It also serves eight other urban roads that were previously owned and maintained by the Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR). In addition, the MRMV, MBTA , all regional traffic authorities and the State Aeronautics Commission are subject to the MassDOT. The new authority started operations on November 1, 2009.

The Turnpike Authority also owned the Callahan and Sumner Tunnels in East Boston below Boston Harbor . With the completion of the Big Dig project, all of the tunnels constructed in the course of the project, including the Thomas P. O'Neill Jr. Tunnel as part of I-93 , were placed under the control of MassDOT.

Tolls

The Turnpike near Boston University , photographed east of downtown Boston

The former toll booth in Weston marked the transition point between the toll-free road east and the toll route west of this point.

Newton Toll Bridge, 2016

The Massachusetts Turnpike is a toll road , the use of which is charged a fee that varies depending on the vehicle category (a total of nine classes are defined). In 2012, for example, the fee for a Class 1 vehicle (2-axle car with single front and rear tires) traveling from Exit 1 ( Massachusetts Route 41 in West Stockbridge ) was 135 miles east to the endpoint at Logan International Airport drives, $ 5.10. The same route in a westerly direction, however, was charged at 8.60 dollars, which is due to an additional fee of 3.50 dollars, which is only payable in the westerly direction through the Ted Williams tunnel . However, the journey between exits 1 and 6 is free of charge for vehicles of this class.

On the route between Exit 1 in West Stockbridge and Exit 14/15 in Weston (connection to Massachusetts Route 128 / I-95 ), the toll is based on purchased tickets. These can be purchased when entering the street and returned at the toll gates at the desired exit, which makes it a closed system. East of the toll gate between exits 14 and 15 to the end of the route in East Boston , the Turnpike is an open toll route with toll booths at exits 18, 19 and 20 in Allston . There is another toll station to the west at the Ted Williams Tunnel in East Boston. The exits 16 and 17 in Newton and 21 to 26 do not have a toll booth.

Towards the end of the 20th century, residents of western Massachusetts protested that the tolls they collected were used to fund the Big Dig , which only benefits the Greater Boston metropolitan area in the east of the state . In July 1996, the toll for cars between exits 1 and 6 in both directions was therefore lifted.

The toll fee was settled by October 2016 by cash payment at the toll booths or by electronic payment using a transponder attached to the vehicle behind the windshield , which authorized the use of the fast lane . The electronic system was compatible with the E-ZPass , which is widely used as an automatic toll system in the northeastern United States. The MassDOT began in October 2011 to replace the name Fast Lane with E-ZPass . This happened in the course of the renewal of the signage, which became necessary due to an expiring sponsorship agreement. Since September 2012, a prepaid alternative called “E-ZPass On-the-Go” has also been available.

In 2014, Raytheon won a US $ 130 million contract to convert the turnpike to toll gantries that automatically read the E-ZPass transponders. The system went from trial to permanent operation on October 28, 2016, and by the end of 2017 all previous toll gates should have been torn down. Since there is no toll bridge between exits 4 and 7 or 10 and 11, the Turnpike can be driven free of charge between these points. In the course of the change, the prices were also adjusted.

Air rights

In Newton , a supermarket was built just above the Massachusetts Turnpike .

The MassDOT today has the most before the merger owned by the Turnpike Authority contained air rights over the Massachusetts Turnpike east of exit 15. This enable the Authority to use the airspace above the roadway structurally. The following construction measures have already been implemented or are still being planned:

• The Boston University announced plans to their campus near the Boston University Bridge to want to expand in the long term via Highway addition.
• The Crowne Plaza and Gateway office complex at Newton Corner at Exit 17
• The shopping center Copley Place at exit 22
• New buildings in the Fenway Park neighborhood
• The One Beacon project between Beacon Street and Brookline Avenue
• The Shaw's and Star Market in Newton between exits 16 and 17

The only exception is the shopping center at the foot of the Prudential Tower in Boston , construction of which began in 1965 and whose air rights are not owned by MassDOT. These include a supermarket, the tower itself, the Hynes Convention Center and the MBTA's Back Bay station.

In 2000, the City of Boston and the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority agreed on a joint procedure to grant additional air rights over the highway from the intersection with I-93 to Commonwealth Avenue . The only exception is a parcel next to the historic Fenway Studios .

Arguments

The Massachusetts Turnpike approaches the Prudential Tower at this point

Dismissals at the MTA

Since 2001, the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority has faced constant attacks from state politicians who vied for control of the quasi-state authority. For example, then-incumbent Republican Governor Jane Swift tried to fire MTA board members Christy Mihos and Jordan Levy .

Both had voted to postpone an increase in tolls in the future. However, Swift was reluctant, believing such a delay to be "financially irresponsible". She accused Mihos and Levy of obstructing the day-to-day operations of the authority through their voting behavior. Both refused to resign and filed lawsuits against her release. The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that the turnpike was "not part of the government machinery" and was therefore not within the governor's discretion.

Planned merger of MTA and MassHighway

The Republican Governor Mitt Romney , elected in 2002, strove to implement the goals set in the party program of a leaner administration and the elimination of structures that were no longer needed. This included the abolition of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA). Romney originally intended to merge the MTA with the State Highways MassHighway authority , which was headed by the Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation . The first step in that direction was to replace MTA Chairman Matthew J. Amorello with someone loyal to Romney . The problem was that, although the governor has the right to appoint members of the MTA board, after a ruling by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, he is not allowed to remove members from the board.

Governor Romney therefore took the matter to the public and put Amorello under considerable pressure. This then announced that he would resign in 2007 as soon as Romney was no longer in office. Romney continued to press the legislature to give him the right to remove members of the board of directors - particularly the chairman - by pointing out past misconduct. But they were not impressed and, on the contrary, extended the terms of office of various board members.

Ceiling collapse in a connecting tunnel to I-90

 Wikinews: Portion of ceiling collapses in Boston tunnel  - Message

In July 2006, a 38-year-old woman was killed in a partial ceiling collapse in one of the connecting tunnels to the Ted Williams Tunnel . When the chairman of the MTA Amorello refused to step down, then governor Romney took legal action against him to remove him from his post. This eventually led to Amorello's resignation on August 15, 2006. The following day, his successor, John Cogliano, was sworn into office by Governor Romney .

On November 27, 2006, outgoing Democratic Attorney General Thomas Reilly announced that the state would commence civil proceedings regarding the ceiling collapse. In particular, the project managers Bechtel Corporation and Parsons Brinckerhoff , the construction company Modern Continental and the manufacturer of the epoxy resin used to anchor the ceiling bolts should be obliged to pay fines.

At the end of 2008 it was announced that a payment of $ 26 million had been agreed. However, an agreement was only reached with the last two companies in early 2009.

Exemption from the toll

On October 18, 2006, on the recommendation of Eric Kriss, the MTA's board of directors spoke out in favor of abolishing tolls for all areas west of Massachusetts Route 128 . At this point in time, Kriss was already a former advisor to the governor on financial matters and was commissioned by him in 2006 to reassess the situation of the turnpike in light of the collapse of the ceiling in the tunnel.

Just two days later, members of the Massachusetts Legislature Transportation Committee publicly announced that they believed that if the toll were actually to be abolished, the state's laws would have to be changed - in other words, they called the operation illegal. They also raised the question of how the state should finance the maintenance of the turnpike in the future without the toll income .

There were then other political disputes, which ultimately resulted in the fact that nothing was changed in the toll.

List of exits

The Massachusetts Turnpike has sequentially numbered exits at interchanges . Since its establishment more have been added, so that it now also exits are pointing to a lower ranking State Route or to a 10 (exit 11)  mi (16,1  km ) away interstate highway (exit 11A) lead. The following list gives an overview of all the turnpike exits .

county	place	distance	No.	Connection connections	Remarks
State border with New York , the I-90 leads westward as Berkshire Connector and part of the New York State Thruway continue on I-87 to New York City .
Berkshire County	West Stockbridge	2.7  mi (4.3  km )	1	and - West Stockbridge	Exit only in westerly direction and access only in east direction
		The toll booth in West Stockbridge is the western end of the toll system and all vehicles must stop. Vehicles heading east receive a ticket, vehicles heading west hand in their ticket and pay the fee.
	lee	Service point
		10.3  mi (16.6  km )	2	- Lee , Pittsfield , Lenox
Hampden County	Blandford	Service point
	Westfield	40.6  mi (65.3  km )	3	and - Westfield , Northampton
	West Springfield	45.3  mi (72.9  km )	4th	and - Springfield , Holyoke , West Springfield
	Bridge over the Connecticut River
	Chicopee	49.0  mi (78.9  km )	5	- Chicopee , Westover Joint Air Reserve Base / Metropolitan Airport
		50.9  mi (81.9  km )	6th	West - Springfield , Hartford
	Ludlow	54.3  mi (87.4  km )	7th	- Ludlow , Belchertown , Ware
		Service point
	Palmer	63.3  mi (101.9  km )	8th	and - Palmer , Ware , Amherst
Worcester	Sturbridge	78.3  mi (126  km )	9	West and - Hartford , Sturbridge , New York City	Former Interstate 86 West
	Charlton	Service point
		Weighing station - all trucks in an easterly direction of travel must go to the scale when it is open
	Auburn	90.5  mi (145.6  km )	10	East , South and - Auburn , Worcester , Oxford and Webster
	Millbury	94.0  mi (151.3  km )	10A	, and - Worcester , Millbury , Auburn and Westborough . Also Providence in Rhode Island .
		96.3  mi (155  km )	11	- Millbury , Worcester , Grafton , Northbridge and Paxton
	Westborough	Service point (only in westerly direction)
	Westborough , Hopkinton	106.5  mi (171.4  km )	11A	I-495 - New Hampshire , Maine , Cape Cod , Milford and Marlborough
Middlesex	Framingham	111.4  mi (179.3  km )	12	- Framingham , Marlborough and Southborough
		Service point (only in westerly direction)
		117.1  mi (188.5  km )	13	- Natick , Framingham and Wellesley
	Natick	Service point / Fast Lane service center (only in east travel)
	Weston	123.1  mi (198.1  km )	14th	and - New Hampshire , Maine and South Shore	Exit only in an easterly direction and access only in a westerly direction
		Toll station (east end of the ticket route, all vehicles must stop). Vehicles heading west receive a ticket, vehicles heading east hand in their ticket and pay the fee.
		123.4  mi (198.6  km )	15th	and - Westwood and Waltham	Exit only in westerly direction and access only in east direction
	Newton	125.2  mi (201.5  km )	16	- Newton and Wellesley	Exit only in westerly direction and access only in east direction
		127.5  mi (205.2  km )	17th	Washington Street, Galen Street and Center Street - Newton and Watertown
Suffolk
	Allston , Brighton	130.6  mi (210.2  km )	18th	Cambridge Street, Storrow Drive - Allston , Brighton and Cambridge	Exit only in an easterly direction and access only in a westerly direction
			19th	Toll barrier in Allston , all vehicles have to stop in order to pay a flat rate.
			20th	Cambridge Street, Storrow Drive - Allston , Brighton and Cambridge	Exit only in westerly direction and access only in east direction
	Back Bay	132.8  mi (213.7  km )	21st	Massachusetts Avenue	Only driveway in westerly direction, no exit possible
	Prudential Tunnel under the Prudential Tower
	Copley Square	133.3  mi (214.5  km )	22nd	Dartmouth Street, Prudential Center , Copley Square	Exit only in an easterly direction and access only in a westerly direction
	Copley Square		22A	Clarendon Street	Access only in westerly direction, no exit possible
	Theater District	133.8  mi (215.3  km )	23	Arlington Street	Only driveway in westerly direction, no exit possible
	Boston South Station	134.3  mi (216.1  km )	24 ABC	, and - Boston South Station , Concord and Quincy	No eastbound access from I-93 South, US 1 South, and Route 3 South
	Summer Street (South Boston)	135.0  mi (217.3  km )	25th	Summer Street (South Boston)
	Ted Williams Tunnel below Boston Harbor , max. Clearance height 13.6  ft (4.1  m ), dangerous goods prohibited
	East Boston toll gate (westbound only, all vehicles must stop)
		137.2  mi (220.8  km )	26th	Logan International Airport
	East Boston	137.8  mi (221.8  km )		North	Exit only in an easterly direction and access only in a westerly direction. No access from I-90 East to Route 1A South.
	Eastern end of the Massachusetts Turnpike and the , 3,099  mi (4,987.4  km ) from the other end in Seattle , Washington .

See also

• List of state, US, and interstate highways in Massachusetts

Individual evidence

1. ^ Road Inventory. (No longer available online.) Massachusetts Department of Transportation, archived from the original on June 20, 2012 ; accessed on October 1, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ MR Montgomery: Redrawing the Native American image. In: Boston Globe . February 28, 1991, p. 69 , accessed on October 1, 2012 (English, chargeable article): "Too many tourists, non-English readers and reflexive drivers were always turning right, following the politically incorrect arrow to nowhere." 
3. ↑ map. In: Google Maps . Retrieved October 1, 2012 . 
4. ^ Michael Levenson: The real builder of the Big Dig. Tunnel collapse focuses attention on Kerasiote's tumultuous tenure. In: Boston Globe . August 3, 2006, accessed October 1, 2012 . 
5. ^ Nicole Gelinas: Lessons of Boston's Big Dig. In: City Journal. 2007, accessed October 1, 2012 . 
6. ^ Massachusetts Turnpike - Historic Overview. In: Boston Roads. Retrieved October 1, 2012 . 
7. ^ David S. Bernstein: A Handy Guide to the Big Dig Screw-Up. Who was watching out for the integrity of the work on the Big Dig? Everyone and no one. In: The Phoenix. July 27, 2006, accessed November 15, 2016 . 
8. ↑ CHAPTER 81A. THE MASSACHUSETTS TURNPIKE AUTHORITY AND THE METROPOLITAN HIGHWAY SYSTEM. Massachusetts General Court, 1997, accessed October 1, 2012 . 
9. ^ Martin Finucane: Drivers get Fast Lane devices for free, but monthly fee applies . In: Boston Globe , January 22, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2016. 
10. ^ Noah Bierman: After Easter snafus, Pike puts toll taker layoffs on hold. In: boston.com. The Boston Globe , April 22, 2009, archived from the original on October 25, 2012 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
11. ↑ David Riley Riley: Registry to close Framingham branch, 10 other locations . In: The MetroWest Daily News . July 3, 2009. Retrieved August 1, 2009.
12. ↑ Masspike great hike scrapped. wwlp.com, June 29, 2009; archived from the original on February 23, 2012 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
13. ↑ Chapter 25 of the 2009 Acts . Massachusetts General Court. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
14. ↑ GOVERNOR PATRICK SIGNS BILL TO DRAMATICALLY REFORM TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM. In: mass.gov. Commonwealth of Massachusetts June 26, 2009; Archived from the original on June 5, 2011 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
15. ↑ About Us . Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
16. ^ Peter Schworm: End of the road for mass. Pike . In: Boston Globe , October 16, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2009. 
17. ↑ Massachusetts Turnpike Toll / Mileage Calculator. Massachusetts Department of Transportation, accessed November 15, 2016 . 
18. ↑ Peter Samuel: E-ZPass purple coming to Massachusetts Oct 1 2011 - bank ads coming down. (No longer available online.) In: Tollroads News. December 6, 2010, archived from the original on December 11, 2010 ; accessed on October 2, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
19. ^ Peter Samuel: Massachusetts E-ZPass signs go up starting next week, FAST LANE signs replaced. (No longer available online.) In: Tollroads News. May 3, 2012, archived from the original on July 23, 2012 ; accessed on October 2, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ↑ Eric Moskowitz: Prepaid E-ZPass offers alternative for transponders. In: boston.com. The Boston Globe , September 9, 2012, archived from the original on September 13, 2012 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
21. ↑ Cynthia Baker: Raytheon awarded $ 130 million to convert Massachusetts to electronic highway tolling system. Raytheon , accessed December 22, 2016 . 
22. ^ Matt Rocheleau: How much will your new mass. Pike be great? In: The Boston Globe . August 22, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2016 . 
23. ^ The Future of Boston . In: Boston Globe . Retrieved November 28, 2007. 
24. ↑ Sydney Lupkin =: BU says campus future is up in the air. In: The Daily Free Press. May 6, 2008, accessed October 2, 2012 . 
25. ^ Casey Ross: Developer hopes for hit at Fenway. In: Boston Globe . September 19, 2008, accessed on October 2, 2012 (English, paid article). 
26. ^ A civic vision for turnpike air rights in Boston. (PDF, 11.1 MB) June 2000, archived from the original on October 7, 2010 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
27. ↑ J. Greaney: LEVY v. ACTING GOVERNOR Jordan LEVY & another v. The ACTING GOVERNOR & another. Argued Dec. 5, 2001 - January 25, 2002. Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, accessed October 2, 2012 . 
28. ↑ JORDAN LEVY & another vs. THE ACTING GOVERNOR & another SJC-08730. Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, May 7, 2002, accessed October 2, 2012 . 
29. ↑ REQUEST FOR ADVISORY OPINION, A-108, SJC-09461. Supreme Judicial Court and Appeals Court of Massachusetts, June 29, 2005, accessed October 3, 2012 . 
30. ^ Sean P. Murphy: Budget amendment in Senate would let Amorello keep job. In: Boston Globe . June 2, 2006, accessed October 3, 2012 . 
31. ↑ Scot Lehigh: Amorello, adrift now. In: Boston Globe . July 14, 2006, accessed October 3, 2012 (English, paid article). 
32. ^ Cogliano Sworn In As Turnpike Chairman. In: wcvb.com. thebostonchannel.com, August 16, 2006, archived from the original on September 27, 2011 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
33. ↑ Svea Herbst: Mass. to Sue Big Dig Firms Over Tunnel Accident. In: Reuters . November 28, 2006, accessed October 3, 2012 . 
34. ↑ Sean P. Murphy, Andrea Estes: Wide risk, wide blame. US report finds further tunnel peril in '06, faults all parties. In: Boston Globe . July 11, 2007, accessed October 3, 2012 (English, paid article). 
35. ↑ Jonathan Saltzman: Companies to settle for $ 26m in tunnel collapse. In: Boston Globe . November 15, 2008, accessed October 3, 2012 . 
36. ↑ Martin Finucane: AG settles with final two firms in fatal collapse of Big Dig tunnel. In: Boston Globe . March 27, 2009, accessed October 3, 2012 . 
37. ↑ Eric Kriss: Turnpike Task Force Final Report. (PDF, 188 kB) Pioneer Institute, October 16, 2008, archived from the original on November 30, 2009 ; accessed on November 15, 2016 . 
38. ^ Raja Mishra, Mac Daniel: Pike board acts to end tolls west of Route 128. Healey takes the spotlight. In: Boston Globe . October 19, 2006, accessed October 3, 2012 (English, paid article). 
39. ↑ Mac Daniel: Ending Pike tolls is called illegal. Legislator plans review of issue. In: Boston Globe . October 20, 2006, accessed October 3, 2012 (English, paid article). 
40. ^ I-90 Interchange Numbers (West Stockbridge to Boston). Massachusetts Department of Transportation, accessed November 15, 2016 . 

Web links

Commons : Massachusetts Turnpike  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

• Massachusetts Department of Transportation website