Psalm 6
The 6th psalm is a psalm of David and belongs to the series of the seven penitential psalms . Today the psalm is placed in the series of lamentations .
genus
Since Augustine 's Enarrationes in Psalmos , the psalm has been counted among the penitential psalms for a long time, most recently by Eduard König until the emergence of the form-historical method at the beginning of the 20th century .
Since then, however, according to Hermann Gunkel , the psalm has been classified more in the series of individual lamentations and sometimes specified in this classification as the “sick psalm ”.
structure
In research there are many different approaches to structuring the psalm. The Old Testament scholar Antonius Kuckhoff has put all these approaches together. These are:
2 | 3 | 4th | 5 | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9 | 10 | 11 | Reason | Originator |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Please and complaint | Jubilation over hearing | Change of mood from verse 8 to 9 |
Nicolaas Herman Ridderbos | ||||||||
part One | Part II | Keyword connection in verses 6 and 11 |
Marc Girard | ||||||||
part One | Part II | Pierre Auffret | |||||||||
part One | Part II | AA Da Silva | |||||||||
Verse A | Verse B | Verse C | Verse D. | Verse E. | |||||||
Verse 1 | Verse 2 | Verse 3 | stylistically |
Erich Zenger and others |
|||||||
Verse 1 | Verse 2 | Verse 3 | stylistically | Aletti, Jacques Trublet , Claus Westerman and others |
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Verse 1 | Verse 2 | Verse 3 | Verse 4 | stylistically |
Eduard König , Terrien and others |
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Verse 1 | commentary gloss |
Verse 2 | Verse 3 | Verse 4 | commentary gloss |
stylistically | Oswald Loretz | ||||
Invocation of YHWH |
Ask | Description of the situation |
Testimony of hearing |
Hans-Joachim Kraus |
The first verse is only an introductory verse and is therefore not included in the structure.
Remarks
Heading (verse 1)
The psalm heading can be interpreted in different ways:
- As a hint for the choirmaster
- for musical performance (string playing)
- eschatological with regard to the end times (this suggests the possibly incorrect translation of the Septuagint )
Scholasticism in particular liked to emphasize that the number eight occurs frequently in the Bible . For example circumcision after eight days or eight survivors of the Flood .
Interpretation history
The 6th Psalm is very important for Martin Luther . On the basis of this he establishes various central points of his theology:
- The enmity of the enemy should not be accepted from the enemy, but from God. Anyone who looks at people becomes impatient
- The person praying should fear the wrath of God and ask that he be punished as a child of God
- Only those who consider themselves lost can receive God's help.
reception
In the Rule of Benedict it says:
"At Prim on Monday you sing three psalms, namely Psalm 1, Psalm 2 and Psalm 6. "
The psalm formed the basis for Johann Georg Albini's chorale punish me not in your anger (1686, excerpt ; EKG 176).
The French composer Henry Desmarest processed the psalm with the domine ne in furore in his work "Grands Motets Lorrains".
literature
- Antonius Kuckhoff: Psalm 6 and the requests in the psalter: a paradigmatic supplication and lamentation on the horizon of the overall psalter (= Bonn biblical contributions . Volume 160 ). V&R unipress, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-89971-776-1 .
- Hans-Christian Knuth: On the history of the interpretation of Psalm 6 (= contributions to the history of biblical exegesis . Volume 11 ). Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 1971, ISBN 3-16-131551-0 .
Web links
- Psalm 6 in the standard translation , the Luther Bible and other translations from bibleserver.com
- Psalm 6 in the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS) on bibelwissenschaft.de
- Sheet music in the public domain of settings for Psalm 6 in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ For example, from Gregory the Great, In septem Psalmos Paenitentialis ; Alkuin , Expositio in Psalmos Poenitentialis ; Cassiodorus , Expositio in Psalmorum ; Martin Luther , Dictata super Psalterium and Operationes in Psalmos
- ↑ Kuckhoff: Psalm 6 and the requests in the Psalter . 2011, p. 14th f .
- ↑ Hermann Gunkel: The Psalms . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1986, p. 21 .
- ↑ Kuckhoff: Psalm 6 and the requests in the Psalter . 2011, p. 37 ff .
- ^ Hans-Joachim Kraus: Psalms . 6th edition. 1989, p. 25 .