Reformed secondary school in Kreuznach

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The former Reformed Gymnasium or Pädagogium von Kreuznach in today's Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate was a gymnasium that existed from 1567 to around 1799.

history

A Latin school had existed in Kreuznach since the 14th century.

After the introduction of the Reformation , in 1567 the Carmelite monastery at St. Nicholas - the so-called " Black Monastery " - was built by Elector Friedrich III. of the Palatinate (1515–1576) and Margrave Philipp II of Baden (1559–1588) built a reformed grammar school (“pedagogy”) for the Vordere Grafschaft Sponheim , which replaced the Latin school. The establishment of the Kreuznacher Gymnasium took place in the funeral speech of the Electoral Palatinate Council Wilhelm Roding (1549-1603) on Friedrich III. Mention.

One of the first teachers was Thomas Poppel († 1583/84) from Beilngries ( Belchrysius, Belchrysinus ) in 1568 . In 1575 he dedicated a collection of neo-Latin poems on musaism and barbarism to the princely sponsors of the school and the Kreuznach city council . Poppel had been a teacher in Oppenheim , had been a deacon in Kreuznach from 1568 and was pastor of the parish church of St. Sebastian in Oppenheim from 1577. About 1573 the rector Henrich Bock from Beelen (" Belanus ") is mentioned.

Under Elector Ludwig VI. from the Palatinate , the school briefly became Lutheran in 1576. Around 1587, however, the Lutheran rector Michael Schweicker († after 1602) was deposed by the reformed Palatinate councilors and found admission to the Weilburg Latin school with many of his aristocratic and middle-class students who left the Kreuznach school with him .

The grammar school had a total of four schoolmaster positions. The teachers were paid from the income that the abolished Carmelite monastery had received. In addition to the grammar school, there was a municipal German elementary school and a girls' school with a “school woman”.

After Kreuznach was conquered by Spanish troops in 1620, the building changed hands several times. From 1623 until the Swedish conquest in 1632 and after the reconquest by imperial troops in 1635/36, the Carmelites had it again in their possession. In 1644 Johann Leonhard Weidner complained about the decline of other schools as well as that of the "particulier schools in Creuznach". In the 1650s, an attempt by the Franciscans to found a Catholic school in the predominantly Reformed town of Kreuznach failed. After Ludwig Philipp von Pfalz-Simmern (1602–1655) wanted to drive out the Carmelites again, they finally got the monastery building back in 1652 under pressure from Margrave Wilhelm von Baden (1593–1677). In the settlement, which was confirmed in 1661, the tolerant Archbishop of Mainz Johann Philipp von Schönborn (1605–1673) and Landgrave Georg II of Hesse-Darmstadt (1605–1661) acted as mediators.

For the Reformed Gymnasium, funds from Baden-Durlach (400 Reichstaler) and the proceeds of a legacy (1500 Reichstaler) donated to the Walloon brewer Paul Hubert (Huprecht) († 1666) from "Berg" (Mont bei.), Who died of the plague in Langenlonsheim Theux in the Diocese of Liège ), from 1662 onwards a new building was built next to the monastery for 900 Reichstaler. It was destroyed again by French soldiers on April 16, 1689 and then turned into a garden for the Carmelite monastery.

Two programs of student performances in the Reformed Gymnasium are known from the years 1696 and 1706. After the lessons had meanwhile been held in private houses, the Reformed Gymnasium received rooms from King Friedrich I of Prussia in 1701 in the Simmerner Hof in Hochstrasse, which was owned by Brandenburg. In 1706, a second new building at Klappergasse 11 was built and moved into based on a plan by Mayor Johann Daniel Minsinger. Until the French occupation or annexation to France in the Treaty of Lunéville , there was a reformed grammar school in Klappergasse and, from 1717, a Catholic grammar school on Eiermarkt. Three teachers were employed at each of the two schools, who received their salaries from the Heidelberg administration fund. Since 1759, only graduates of high schools in Heidelberg, Mannheim, Neustadt an der Haardt, Frankenthal and Kreuznach have been admitted to university in the Electoral Palatinate.

In the 18th century, in addition to the Latin and elementary schools mentioned, there was also a Lutheran and a Jewish elementary school in Kreuznach. The "inspector" ( superintendent ) von Kreuznach was responsible for supervising the reformed grammar school .

In 1795, the vice-principal Heinrich Jakob Eberts (1727–1795) was shot by looting French soldiers. After the French state confiscated the school goods, the Reformed Gymnasium ceased teaching around 1799; the Carmelite Latin School had to close a little earlier.

From teacher Ernst Karl Kleinschmidt (1775-1847) and pastor Johann Wilhelm Weinmann (1774-1854), the last vice-principal of the Reformed Gymnasium, a private reform-pedagogical school was established in 1802 with the support of sub-prefect Andreas van Recum (1765-1828) in the former Carmelite monastery Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi founded with 15 students. There was also a private school with 35 students, run by the former rector Johann Wilhelm Paniel. Both schools were converted into a joint “Ecole secondaire communale” in 1803, but closed again by the prefecture in 1806 because their equipment did not meet the legal requirements - at least 3 teachers and 50 students. In year XIII (1804/1805) there were only two teachers and 17 students at the school due to a lack of salary options.

Today the successor of the Reformed school and the grammar school of the Carmelites is from 1807 by Maire founded Karl Joseph Burret (1761-1828) Collège de Creuznach emerged Gymnasium an der Stadtmauer in Bad Kreuznach.

In the former school building of the reformed grammar school in Klappergasse, a municipal evangelical elementary school was set up in 1828. From 1875 to 1930 the municipal advanced training school (vocational school) was housed here. The building was completely destroyed when the bridge was blown on March 16, 1945.

student

(Selection)

Hans Michael von Obentraut
  • Hans Michael Elias von Obentraut (1574–1625), cavalry general in the Thirty Years' War, who is often considered the model of the “ German Michel ” , tomb in the Marktkirche in Hanover
  • Johann (Hans) Philipp Boos von Waldeck (1577–1632) zu Montfort, son of Anton Boos von Waldeck († 1585), expelled to Weilburg, converted to Catholicism around 1600, Elector of Trier Vogt zu Beulich , bailiff of Wesel, zu Boppard, later Electoral Palatinate bailiff at Meisenheim, epitaph in the castle church at Meisenheim
  • Hans Georg von Koppenstein († 1626) zu Mandel , expelled to Weilburg, built the Mandel hunting lodge in 1624 , the grave monument was still in the Evangelical Parish Church of Mandel in 1751
  • Johann Adam Vogt zu Hunolstein (* around 1575; † 1635/36) zu Lorch , Herr zu Züsch, from Merxheim , son of Johann Vogt zu Hunolstein (* 1532; † after 1579), expelled to Weilburg, holder of the register in Lyon in 1598 1603 the house of Sötern
  • Johann Schweikhard the Elder J. von Sickingen (* around 1575/80; † 1625) zu Ebernburg , son of Johann Schweikhard the Elder . Ä. von Sickingen (1541–1589) zu Ebernburg, expelled to Weilburg, the family converted to Catholicism under the influence of his second wife (⚭ 1610) Maria Margaretha von Heddesdorf
  • Nikolaus Lorum (Lohrum; Lohrheim) (1577–1669), studied 1595 in Heidelberg, 1597 in Geneva and 1598/99 in Orleans, 1607, 1627 council member, owner of the castle house "Zum Braunshorn", loaned it to the city in 1621 for contribution payments Ambrosio Spinola 1000 guilders, from 1626 to 1653 deputy mayor (Unterschultheiss) in Kreuznach during the Thirty Years' War
  • Johannes Konrad Monaeus (1603–1648), registered at the pedagogy in Marburg in 1621 and at the Illustre grammar school in Bremen in 1628, accompanied Rudolf Wilhelm zu Innhausen and Knyphausen as court master on his cavalier tour through France, Italy and England, in 1637 he and his pupil matriculated in Geneva, 1642 professor of law in Rinteln, 1643 Dr. jur., Count Schaumburg ambassador to Sweden and Kassel and from 1645 professor in Groningen
  • Johannes Nicolaus Sellius (* around 1625/30; † 1697), 1646, 1649 studied in Groningen, later philologist, rector of the grammar school in Wesel, many publications
  • Otto Reinhold Hecht (1643–1693), switched to the Reformed High School in Heidelberg , studied in Heidelberg, 1662 Marburg, 1665 Duisburg and Sedan, 1669 Pfalz-Zweibrücker Amtskeller ( Cellarius ) in Stadecken , buried in the choir of the Wörthkirche
  • Karl Konrad Achenbach (1655–1720), switched to the Reformed High School in Heidelberg, enrolled in Groningen in 1674, in Marburg in 1675, in Heidelberg in 1677, from 1678 to 1681 court preacher to the widowed Countess Palatine Marie von Oranien-Nassau (1642–1688), 1682 pastor in Kreuznach, 1684 second court preacher and 1693 church councilor in Heidelberg, 1696 to 1700 professor of theology in Heidelberg, 1699 rector of the University of Heidelberg, court preacher 1700 in Halle and 1702 in Berlin, numerous publications
  • Karl Ludwig Tolner (1660–1715), after the early death of his father Truchseß Johann Karl Tolner († around 1665) with his mother Agathe Agnes von Spina (1622–1691), a daughter of Peter de Spina III. (1592–1655), moved to Heidelberg, electoral councilor, Palatine and Hessian historiographer, tomb in the university chapel of St. Peterskirche in Heidelberg
  • Johann Bernhard Gladbach (1671–1728) from Trarbach, son of the Kreuznach city physician Johann Peter Gladbach (1647–1701), enrolled in 1688 at the Illustrious Gymnasium in Bremen, in 1692 doctorate in Leiden. med., since 1697 physician in Frankfurt am Main, Kurmainzer Hofrat and Leibmedicus, in 1707 appointed by Melchior Friedrich Graf von Schönborn-Buchheim to the imperial court palatinate, 1713 personal physician of Prince Eugen Alexander von Thurn und Taxis , several medical publications, father of the Frankfurt physicians Cornelius Gladbach (1706–1781) and Johann Adolph Gladbach (1716–1793)
  • Friedrich Reinhard Flad (1672–1730), son of the Oberamtsassessor zu Kreuznach and Amtskeller zu Disibodenberg Philipp Peter Flad († 1716/24), studied in Herborn, Heidelberg, Frankfurt an der Oder and Gießen, 1699 court judge of the Palatinate, around 1707 judge of marriage and 1715 Church council, tomb in the choir of St. Peterskirche in Heidelberg
  • Weiprecht Gladbach (1672–1753), also the son of the city physician Johann Peter Gladbach, registered in Gießen in 1694 , from 1695 owner of the swan pharmacy, one of the head of the Lutheran congregation
  • Johann Adolph Gladbach (1679–1739), another son of the city physicist, 1698 studied medicine at the Illustre Gymnasium in Bremen, 1701 doctorate in Erfurt, 1713 field physician for the Upper Rhine District , 1715 doctor in Frankfurt am Main, father of the Anhalt-Zerbster personal physician Johann Adolph Gladbach (1715–1785)
  • Franz Philipp Achenbach († 1696), switched to the Reformed Gymnasium in Heidelberg, enrolled in Groningen in 1694; on his untimely death a memorial was published by the university. a. Abraham Ampt (* around 1677 in Mutterstadt ; † 1731 as pastor of Gau-Odernheim ) contributed
  • Philipp Reinhold (von) Hecht (1677–1735), studied in Halle , lawyer, royal Prussian Privy Councilor, Prussian resident of the Upper Rhine District in Frankfurt from before 1711 to 1735, ennobled
  • Carl Friedrich Gladbach (1690–1736), brother of Bernhard, Adolph and Weiprecht Gladbach (see above), studied in Altdorf and Paris, doctorate in Altdorf in 1713, court and personal surgeon of King George I of Great Britain , elector of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, in Hanover, vaccination pioneer, correspondent of Christoph Jacob Trew (1695–1769)
  • Johann Jakob Wundt (1701–1771) from Monzingen, 1725 pastor in Sobernheim, inspector in 1733 in Alzey and 1735 in Kreuznach, 1750 professor of theology in Heidelberg
  • Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wundt (1714–1767) from Kreuznach, brother of Johann Jakob Wundt, Palatine government councilor and director of the Reformed Church Council, tomb in the university chapel of St. Peters Church in Heidelberg
  • Johann Heinrich von Carmer (1720–1801), Prussian Grand Chancellor and judicial reformer
  • Johann Jakob Welcker (1724–1817), studied 1741 in Marburg and Heidelberg, pastor in Einselthum , from 1777 in Offenheim
  • Georg Friedrich Casimir Stahlschmidt (1728–1804), son of Johann Franz Stahlschmidt (1700–1745) from Herborn and Susanna Amelie Minsinger, grandson of the Kreuznach mayor Johann Daniel Minsinger, studied in Basel, Strasbourg, Marburg and Halle in 1746, pastor from 1754 to 1758 in Jeßnitz and from 1758 in Freckleben
Johann Heinrich von Carmer
  • Johann Heinrich Andreae (1728–1793), high school rector in Düsseldorf and Heidelberg and historian, author of Crucenacum palatinum
  • Johann Philipp Klingenschmidt (* around 1734; † 1822), matriculated in Marburg in 1755, private citizen; Disputes over his will led to the brief arrest of superintendents Carl Christoph Eberts (1768–1831) and Johann Wilhelm Schneegans (1776–1853), the doctor Friedrich Carl Grimmel and the notary Carl Born
  • Christian Zwilling (1738–1800), studied in Heidelberg in 1756, in Franeker in 1758 , reformed legation preacher, consistorial councilor, court preacher in Hesse-Homburg in Homburg vor der Höhe
  • Daniel Ludwig Wundt (1741–1805), pastor in Ladenburg in 1765, inspector in 1770 in Oppenheim and 1773 in Kreuznach, 1787 professor in Heidelberg, friend of Johann Heinrich Jung-Stilling (1740–1817), whom he and his second wife in Kreuznach in 1782 Susanne (Salome) married Maria ("Selma") of St. George (1760–1790)
  • Friedrich Müller (1749–1825), had to break off school after the death of his father, painter, engraver and poet of Sturm und Drang
  • Philipp Casimir Conradi (1784–1849) from Wonsheim or Waldböckelheim, pastor and theological-philosophical writer influenced by idealism ( Young Hegelianism ); he saw the school closed around 1799 and had to take private lessons

Teacher

  • Thomas Poppel († 1583/84) from Beilngries, mentioned in 1568, 1575 in Kreuznach, from 1577 pastor in Oppenheim, signed the Concord Book there in 1581 , publisher of a wedding festschrift for Gottfried Hesshus (1554-1625), son of Tilemann Hesshus , 1583 expelled as Lutherans by Count Palatine Johann Kasimir
  • Henrich Bock from Beelen, mentioned in 1573 as rector
  • Alexander Saur (Saurius) (* around 1549; † after 1582) from Frankenberg , 1570 master's degree in Marburg, 1571 to 1578 teacher at the pedagogy in Marburg, 1574 marriage in Frankenberg to Elisabeth Gömpel from Biedenkopf, 1578 to 1582 rector in Kreuznach, later town clerk (syndic) in Worms
  • Caspar Laudismann († after 1623) from Goldberg in Silesia, 1582 praezeptor in Kreuznach, matriculated in Heidelberg in 1583, later lawyer, councilor in Mömpelgard and Brieg , philological publications
  • Michael Schweicker (* around 1550; † after 1602) from Schwäbisch Hall , younger brother of Thomas Schweicker (1540 / 41–1602), enrolled in Tübingen in 1574, master's degree in 1577, teacher in Kreuznach, expelled as Lutheran around 1587, rector from 1588 to 1593 in Weilburg , 1596 "Ludimoderator" and 1598 "4th Classis Praeceptor ”in Frankfurt am Main
  • Johannes Adam († after 1628) from Rügenwalde , 1591 to 1595 at the Reformed High School, pastor and superintendent in Heppenheim , opponent of the witch trials, married to Sarah Helm, daughter of Lambert Ludolph Helm (1535–1596)
Johann Philipp Pareus
  • Dr. Johann Philipp Pareus (1576–1648) from Heinsbach, Magister Artium, crowned poet by Paul Melissus in 1600, appointed rector of the Reformed High School in 1601, Latinist and Plautus researcher, later rector at the Casimirianum Neustadt and in Hanau
  • Melchior Angerus (* around 1580/85) from Mutterstadt, son of the Heidelberg court preacher Melchior Angerus (1547–1607), in 1600 matriculated in Heidelberg, 1600 cantor and preceptor at the Reformed High School
  • Konrad Monäus, 1602 rector; Father of Johannes Konrad Monaeus (1603–1648)
  • Abraham Kimedoncius (* between 1578 and 1584; † before 1625) from Gent , son of Jakob tho Kymmendonck (around 1550–1596), 1603 to 1605 professor of Hebrew in Heidelberg, 1605 to 1608 rector in Simmern, 1608 to 1613 rector at the Reformed Kreuznach grammar school, from 1613 professor of logic in Heidelberg, 1620 dean of the artists' faculty, stepped stone of Heinrich Smetius (1537-1614) and brother-in-law of Jan Gruter (1560-1627)
  • Johann Haaß († after 1626), probably from Heppenheim an der Bergstrasse, 1613 to 1625 "Rector scholae Crucenacensis", expelled by the Spaniards, 1626 Heppenheimer Ausmärker
  • Johann Baptist Zaberer (around 1600–1651) from Ladenburg, enrolled in Heidelberg in 1616, schoolmaster in Kreuznach from 1625 to 1628, expelled from here, reformed pastor in Neckarau and Mannheim from 1646/49 to 1651
  • Johannes Nikolaus Zimmermann from the County of Sponheim, crowned poet, Vice-Hofpfalzgraf, 1638, 1641 rector of the Reformed Gymnasium (until 1646), 1646 rector in Elberfeld, 1648 in Kleve, 1650 in Heidelberg, 1651 in Oppenheim
  • Cornelius Borchard († 1673) from Duisburg, 1643 to 1673 rector, also pastor in Hackenheim
  • Johann Conrad Timann († 1690) from Neckargemünd, vice rector
  • Caspar Friedrich Martini († 1710), probably from Weberstadt in Thuringia, 1675 rector, 1681 to 1685 probably pastor in Schellerten, then in Alfeld
  • Daniel Ochsner († after 1701) from Zurich, pastor in Alterswyl near Zurich, teacher in Weinheim and Heidelberg, 1682 teacher and from 1701 to 1719 vice rector of the Reformed grammar school
  • Christian Fickeisen (1653–1701) from Neustadt, rector 1686 to 1701, died as rector in Kreuznach
  • Johann Jakob Piscator (* before 1656; † 1746) from Herborn, 1682, 1724 teacher and 1733 to 1746 vice rector of the Reformed High School, was over 90 years old
  • Johann Daniel Humbert († 1707) from Frankenthal, rector in Heidelberg around 1672, fled from French troops to Nuremberg in 1693, German Reformed pastor in Erlangen in 1693, rector of the Reformed grammar school in 1702, moved to Klappergasse in 1706, then succeeded as rector Heidelberg appointed
  • Johann Philipp Frohn (1680–1755) from Allendorf , 1697 enrolled in Marburg, 1708–1724 rector of the Reformed High School, 1724–1739 pastor in Schweigern, 1739–1750 in Mußbach, 1750–1755 in Haßmersheim
  • Johann Martin Spieß (1691–1772) from Hanau , around 1715 to 1720 at the Reformed High School, composer, later organist in Bergzabern , Heidelberg and Bern
  • Johann Henrich Karbach (1706–1769) from Kreuznach, teacher at the Reformed High School until 1743, then pastor in Stadecken and in Pfiffligheim near Worms
  • Johann Philipp Eberts from Kreuznach, teacher at the Reformed High School from 1720 to 1733
  • Johann Casimir Wundt († after 1753) from Kreuznach, brother of Johann Jakob Wundt and Friedrich Ludwig Wundt, teacher since 1743
  • Johann Werner (Wernhardus) Reutel († 1734) from Allendorf an der Werra , studied in Marburg, from 1719 to 1733 vice rector
  • Johann Philipp Widder (1696–1734) from Oppenheim, studied in Heidelberg, Groningen and Franeker, 1723 rector of the elementary school in Oppenheim, 1724 to 1725 rector of the Reformed grammar school, then pastor and church councilor in Mannheim, rejected a call from King Friedrich Wilhelm I. in Prussia (1688–1740) to Berlin, father of Friedrich Adam Widder
  • Johannes Sebastian Lorbacher († 1779) from Kreuznach, studied in Marburg, from 1746 deputy headmaster of the Reformed High School
  • Christian Brünings (1702–1763) from Bremen, since 1725 rector of the Reformed High School, 1734 pastor in Mannheim, 1740 professor of theology and pastor at St. Peter in Heidelberg, father of Christian Brünings (1736–1805)
  • Johann Melchior Brünings (1711–1760) from Bremen, brother of Christian Brünings, 1735 to 1760 rector of the Reformed High School, pastor in Groß-Winterheim and Bosenheim
  • Philipp Heinrich Paniel (1710–1774) from Kreuznach, from 1746 vice rector, 1760 to 1774 rector of the Reformed High School, grandfather of Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Paniel and great-grandfather of Ludwig Häusser
  • Henrich Jakob Eberts (1727–1795) from Kreuznach, vice rector of the Reformed High School, shot dead by plundering French soldiers
  • Johann Wilhelm Paniel (1749–1807) from Kreuznach, since 1774 the last rector of the Reformed High School
  • Friedrich Paul Dilg from Kreuznach, matriculated in Heidelberg in 1768, teacher in 1772, 1794

literature

  • Kaspar Stemper: Schola . In: Ders .: Stauronesus Vangionum illustrata . Augustin Kolbe, Marburg 1577, unpaginated
  • Johann Jakob Wundt: Memorabilia quaedam de Gymnasio crucenacensi (handwriting)
  • Jakob Daniel Humbert: Panegyrici graeci et latini oratione pedestri et numeris adstricta scripti, germanici item heroico carmine compositi, qvibvs Gymnasium crucenacense IV. Id. Septembr. MDCCVI… Anton Henscheidt, Frankfurt am Main 1706 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library, Munich)
  • Johann Gottlieb Biedermann : From the high school to Creutznach . In: Old and New from Schulsachen , Vol. II. Johann Justinus Gebauer, Halle 1753, pp. 280–282 (incorrectly paginated: 281) ( Google Books )
  • Eduard Schneegans: Historical-topographical description of Kreuznach and its surroundings . Johann Friedrich Kehr, Koblenz 1839 ( Google Books )
  • Gerd Eilers : My walk through life. A contribution to the inner history of the first half of the 19th century , Vol. II. F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1857, pp. 24–27 ( Google Books )
  • Ludwig Adolf Wiese (Hrsg.): The higher education system in Prussia, vol. I. Wiegand and Grieben, Berlin 1864, p. 391f ( Google Books )
  • Gustav Wulfert: The scholarly school system in Kreuznach in historical outlines . In: Program of the Royal High School in Kreuznach ... for the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the institution . R. Voigtländer, Kreuznach 1869, pp. 1–30 ( Google Books )
  • Albert Rosenkranz: The reformed grammar school in Kreuznach 1567 to 1803 . In: Monthly Issues for Rhenish Church History 34 (1940), pp. 65–86
  • Hans Jörg: The development of the elementary school system in today's Kreuznach district up to the end of the 18th century . Triltsch, Düsseldorf 1960, p. 226f
  • JF Gerhard Goeters : The Reformation in Kreuznach . In: Hans-Christian Brandenburg, Johannes Polke (ed.): 425 years of the Reformation at Nahe and Glan (series of publications by the Association for Rhenish Church History 74). Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1983, pp. 1-25, especially pp. 20-22
  • Helmut von Bohr: The old library in the grammar school on the city wall of Bad Kreuznach (local history series of the Bad Kreuznach district 26). Fiedler, Bad Kreuznach 1990
  • Jörg Julius Reisek: Books from Kreuznach monastery libraries. Observations on the provenance of the old holdings of the grammar school library in the local science central library of the Bad Kreuznach district . In: Landeskundliche Vierteljahrsblätter 42 (1996), pp. 83–89

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Wilhelm Roding: Oratio Funebris In Laudem Friderici Pii. SR Imperii Septemviri, Comitis Palatini ad Rhenum Ducis Bavariae . Johann Mareschall, Heidelberg 1577, p. 21 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich); Gustav Wulfert: The scholarly school system in Kreuznach in historical outlines . In: Program of the Royal High School in Kreuznach ... for the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the institution . R. Voigtländer, Kreuznach 1869, p. 18.
  2. ↑ Also Poppelius or Boppelius; Contributor to Johannes Posthius ; Epithalamia In Nvptias Clarissimi Viri Paschasii Brismanni Perlebergensis , Ivris Vtrivsqve Doctoris, Poetae Lavreati, Et Imperialis Camerae Advocati, Sponsi, & virginis genere animiq [ue] donis florentissimae Florentinae, consultissimi viri D. Martini Reichardi. Cam, IVL. Advocati filiae, Sponsae . Bernhard Albinus, Speyer 1582, and on J. Posthius (ed.): Parergorum poeticorum … pars altera, nunc recens edita cum Adoptivis. 2nd edition Hieronymus Commelin, Heidelberg 1595, p. 198 ( digitized version of the Mannheim University Library ) (1st edition Heinrich von Aich, Würzburg 1580); Epigrammata Ludovici Comiti palatini ad Rhenum Electore inscripta , Thomas Poppelius Belchrysius curabat, o. O. 1581.
  3. ↑ See Thomas Poppel: Epistolae dvae. Altera Mnemosyne ad Barbariem. Altera Barbariae ad Mnemosynem . Ad Illvs. Principes Fridericvm Pal. Rhe. … Et Dvcem Philippvm March. Bath. & c. super schola apud Crucenacenses nuperrimè from ipsis instituta. Elegiaco carmine conscriptae à Thoma Poppelio Beilngrisiensi. In gratiam magnifici senatus ciuitatis Crucenaci. Johann Meier, Heidelberg 1575 ( Google Books ).
  4. ↑ a b cf. JF Gerhard Goeters: The Reformation in Kreuznach . In: Hans-Christian Brandenburg, Johannes Polke (ed.): 425 years of the Reformation at Nahe and Glan (series of publications by the Association for Rhenish Church History 74). Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1983, p. 21.
  5. ↑ a b c d e cf. Nikolaus Gottfried Eichhoff: History of the Herzoglich-Nassauisches Landesgymnasium in Weilburg . L. E. Lanz, Weilburg 1840, pp. 26f and 28f with list of names ( Google Books ).
  6. ↑ Cf. Gondulf Mesters: The Rhenish Carmelite Province during the Counter Reformation (1600-1660) . (Sources and treatises on the Middle Rhine Church history 4). Jaeger, Speyer 1958, p. 26f ( digitized version of the State Library Center Rhineland-Palatinate Koblenz).
  7. ↑ See Johann Leonhard Weidner: Teutscher Nation Apophthegmatum , Vol. IV. Elzevier, Amsterdam 1655, p. 53f.
  8. ↑ See the brewing privilege of Ludwig Philipp von Pfalz-Simmern from November 20th July. / November 30th  1650 greg. for him and his son Philip; Mainz City Archives (U / 1650 November 30/20); Certificate from November 19th jul. / November 29,  1666 greg. ; State Main Archive Koblenz (inventory 33 Reichsgrafschaft Sponheim, certificate 16665).
  9. ↑ See Louis Remacle ( arrangement ): Documents lexicaux extraits des archives de Stoumont , Rahier et Francorchamps . (Bibliothèque de la Faculté de philosophie et lettres de l'Université de Liège 205). Droz, Geneva 1972, p. 12 ( Google Books ; limited preview); there, in 1640, one Louys Hubert emigrated to Burtscheid ( Borsy ) and others to Langenlonsheim ( Langulousum ); on emigration from Theux cf. Per Pehrsson: De till Sverige inflyttade Vallonernas religösa förhällanden. A study on the subject of församlinglif and religionslagstiftning på 1600-talet . Wretmans, Uppsala 1905, esp.p. 63f ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  10. ↑ Cf. Religions-Gravamina der Reformirten both in the city and in the Ober-Ambt Creutzenach , 1721. In: Burkhard Gotthelf Struve (Hrsg.): Additamenta der Evangelisch-Lutherisch- und Reformirten Religions-Gravaminum Third Part . Anton Heinscheidt, Frankfurt am Main 1721, pp. 209f ( Google Books ); Ernst Schmidt: Historical notes about the earlier churches and monasteries in Kreuznach . In: Annalen des Historisches Verein für den Niederrhein 28/29 (1876), pp. 242-259, esp. P. 258.
  11. ↑ Cf. Gustav Wulfert: The scholarly school system in Kreuznach in historical outlines . In: Program of the Royal High School in Kreuznach ... for the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the institution . R. Voigtländer, Kreuznach 1869, pp. 25-27; Otto Kohl: Student performances in the two high schools in Kreuznach during the 16th and 17th centuries . In: Otto Lutsch (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the centenary of the grammar school and secondary school in Kreuznach (1819-1919). Robert Voigtländer, Kreuznach 1920, pp. 64–74, esp. Pp. 73f ( digitized version of the Rhineland-Palatinate State Library Center).
  12. ↑ See Hans Jörg: The development of the elementary school system in today's Kreuznach district up to the end of the 18th century . Triltsch, Düsseldorf 1960, p. 226.
  13. ↑ See Hermann Wiegand: The two-peaked Musenberg. Studies on humanism in the Electoral Palatinate . (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis. Historical writings 2). Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher 2000, p. 170; Regest of November 24, 1762, in: Eduard Winkelmann (edit.): Urkundenbuch der Universität Heidelberg , Vol. II. Carl Winter, Heidelberg, 1886, No. 2167, pp. 271f.
  14. ↑ From 1632 to 1635 Nikolaus Beusser worked at the Lutheran school; see. Jörg Julius Reisek: Nikolaus Beuser "used to be a rake schoolmaster in Creutznach" . In: Naheland-Kalender (1995), pp. 153-155; Rainer Gebhardt : To Nikolaus Beusser's arithmetic books . In: Visor and arithmetic books of the early modern times . Adam-Ries-Bund, Annaberg-Buchholz 2008, pp. 141–162. In 1663 a Lutheran schoolwife was employed, but she had to give way under pressure from the Reformed.
  15. ↑ a b c cf. Heinrich Eduard Scriba (ed.): Biographical-literary lexicon of the writers of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the first quarter of the 19th century , Vol. II. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1843, p. 129 ( Google Books ).
  16. ↑ 1807 reformed pastor and founder of a private school in Pforzheim, 1810 high school professor in Heidelberg, 1822 pastor in Heidelberg and 1845 also church councilor in Karlsruhe.
  17. ↑ Cf. Andrea Fleck: The learned schools in the Rhineland 1500 to 1814 . (diss. phil.). Trier 2003, esp.p. 208f and 213.
  18. ↑ See Kaspar Stemper: Schola . In: Ders .: Stauronesus Vangionum illustrata . Augustin Kolbe, Marburg 1577, unpaginated.
  19. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 291-296 ( Google Books ).
  20. ↑ Wigand Spanheim: Oratio Prognostica: This is De Judge vnd Spiegel desz LXXXVIII. In addition to a well-known historical narrative of the scheduled effects and depressions of the darkness, the jars and this last, most depressing story are also explained and evaluated with natural and supernatural arguments and basic causes derived from H. Schrifft. Artzney used a lot of things to evaluate help and lively consolation against present need and death to see and use for the eyes. By VVigandum Spanhemium Crucenacensem Palatinum, lovers of mathematical art. Froschauer, Zurich 1588 ( digitized version of the Zurich Central Library); Commentarivs analyticvs et erotemativs Jn Orationem Ciceron… Abraham Lamberg, Leipzig 1591; u. a.
  21. ↑ Cf. Gustav Scherer (arrangement): Directory of the manuscripts and incunabula of the Vadian library in St. Gallen . Zollikofer, St. Gallen 1864, No. 481, p. 135.
  22. ↑ Mainz City Archives (documents, U / 1606 July 8 and U / 1607 June 27).
  23. ↑ Landeshauptarchiv Koblenz (holdings 33 Reichsgrafschaft Sponheim, documents 16740 and 16741).
  24. ↑ See Suzanne Stelling-Michaud (Ed.): Le livre du Recteur de l'Académie de Genève (1559-1878) (Travaux d'humanisme et Renaissance 33/6), Vol. VI, Droz, Geneva 1980, p. 364.
  25. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, p. 302f ( Google Books ).
  26. ↑ See Franz Pierens (Franciscus Pirenius), Johannes Conrad Monaeus (resp.): Disputatio juridica de novi operis nunciatione . Bremen 1636.
  27. ↑ David Pestel , Johannes Conrad Monaeus: Disputatio inauguralis exhibens V decades positionum hinc inde ex jure civili . Petrus Lucius, Rinteln 1643.
  28. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 377–379 ( Google Books ).
  29. ↑ a b c cf. Johann Heinrich Andreä: Spicilegium Quintum post conatum historico-litterarium de Gymnasio Heidelbergensi . o. O. 1767, pp. 17 and 19 ( Google Books ).
  30. ↑ Cf. Gisbert Porlock: Funeral and Consolation Sermon on Ps. XXV v. 1. 2. at the burial of… Otto Reinhold Hecht . Johann Wüst, Frankfurt am Main 1693.
  31. ↑ See Johann Gottlob Wilhelm Dunkel: Historisch-Critische Nachrichten von deceased scholars and their writings , Vol. I / 3. Körner, Köthen 1753, p. 360f ( Google Books ); Adolph Zahn: Communications about the clergy of the Evangelical Reformed cathedral parish in Halle a. d. S. Eduard Anton, Hallte / S. 1863, p. 8f ( Google Books ).
  32. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 389-407 ( Google Books ).
  33. ↑ a b cf. Friedrich Wilhelm Theile in: Allgemeine Encyklopädie der wwissenschaften und Künste , Vol. I / 68. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1852, p. 368 ( Google Books ).
  34. ↑ a b c Cf. Lorenz Heister , Carl-Friedrich Gladbach: Dissertatio chirurgica de gastro et enteroraphe . Kohles, Altdorf 1713 ( digitized version of the Saxon State Library - Dresden State and University Library) with a dedication to Gladbach's brothers.
  35. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 424-429 ( Google Books ).
  36. ^ Contributors to: Johannes Tiling, Philippus Hendsch u. a .: Disputatio Medica, De Foetus In Utero Nutritione . Hermann Brauer, Bremen 1698, p. 24 ( digitized version of the Lower Saxony State and University Library Göttingen).
  37. ↑ Johann Philipp Eisel the Elder Ä. (1652-1717), Johann Adolph Gladbach: Dissertatio Medica Inauguralis, De ebrietate assidua hydropis causa . Grosch, Erfurt 1701 ( digitized version of the Bavarian State Library in Munich).
  38. ↑ Cypressinae Frondes Tumulo Iuvenis-Viri… Dn. Francisci Philippi Crucenaco-Palatini . Everhard Tjerk, Groningen 1696 ( Google Books ).
  39. ^ Cf. Christian Thomasius , Philipp Reinhold Hecht, Dissertatio inauguralis juridica de pretio affectionis in res fungibiles non cadente (1701). Henckel, Hall 1707.
  40. ↑ See Thomas Schnalke: A basket for Göttingen. Christoph Jacob Trew in correspondence with the surgeon Carl Friedrich Gladbach . In: Medizinhistorisches Journal 29 (1994), pp. 233-275.
  41. ↑ Cf. Thomas Schnalke: Medicine in the Letter. The eighteenth-century urban doctor as reflected in his correspondence . (Sudhoff's archive supplements 37). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1997, pp. 89-113.
  42. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 468–478 ( Google Books ).
  43. ↑ a b Theodor Julius Ney:  Wundt . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 55, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1910, pp. 126-130.
  44. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 465-467 ( Google Books ).
  45. ^ Philipp Walther:  Andreae, Johann Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 447.
  46. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia illustrantium , Vol. I , Vol. II , Vol. III , Vol. IV , Vol. V , Vol. VI , Vol. VII , Vol. VIII and Vol. IX ; Vol. IX with the collaboration of Johannes Georg Graevius. Johann Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1780–1784 = Crvcenacvm Palatinvm Cvm Ipsivs Archisatrapia, Ex Historia, Potissimvm Politica & Litteraria (Complete Edition) Johann Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784 (online resources, accessed December 21, 2011).
  47. ^ German-language review: Johann Georg Meusel: Historical literature for the year 1783 , Vol. II. Palm, Erlangen 1783, pp. 158–169 ( Google Books ); Historical literature for the year 1784 , Vol. II. Palm, Erlangen, pp. 330–339 ( Google Books ).
  48. ↑ Cf. Ludwig Christian Kehr: Memorandum on the joyful homecoming of Dr. Carl Friedrich Grimmel and the notary Born. May 27, 1822 . Kupferberg, Mainz 1822 ( digitized version of the State Library Center Rhineland-Palatinate Koblenz); Friedrich Carl Grimmel: Something about JP Klingenschmidt, died in Kreuznach on March 28, 1822 . Kehr, Kreuznach 1822 ( Google Books ) a. a.
  49. ↑ Carmina Gratvlatoria . In Nvptiarvm Festivitatem Hvmanissimi Et Doctiss. Viri D. Gotfridi Heshusij, concionatoris Oppenheimensis Sponsi, & pudicissimæ virginis Rebeccæ Speckhanæ… Scripta à Thoma Poppelio Belchrysino ad D [ivi] Sebast [iani] Pastore. Lucius, Helmstedt 1582 ( digitized version of the State Library Center Rhineland-Palatinate Koblenz).
  50. ↑ Cf. The Truth Mirror, though stained by the Chur-Palatinate Reformers, but completely cleaned . 1710, p. 222 ( Google Books ).
  51. ↑ Contributor to: Abraham Saur (Hrsg.): Güldiner Fluß vnd Auszug Von Erbschafften, dero Erbaigen vnnd fiefs, goods ... properly ... give in truck, by ... M. Abrahamum Saur [e] n, aduocatum decreed by the Princely Hessian Court Court in Marpurg vnd Procuratorem, & c. … Nikolaus Bassée, Frankfurt am Main 1583 ( Google Books ).
  52. ↑ See Abraham Saur: Diarivm Historicvm . Nikolaus Bassée, Frankfurt am Main 1582, pp. 147, 444 and 519 ( Google Books ).
  53. ↑ Abraham Saur: Calendarium historicum . Nikolaus Bassée, Frankfurt am Main 1583, p. 563. The rectorate in Kreuznach is no longer mentioned in this edition.
  54. ↑ Cf. Johann Friedrich Moritz: Historical-Diplomatic Treatise on the Origin of which Imperial Places, in particular from the ... freyen Reichs -statt Worms . Frankfurt am Main / Leipzig 1756, p. 582.
  55. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 286–290 ( Google Books ).
  56. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 304–336 ( Google Books ).
  57. ^ Gerhard Merkel: Scholarship foundations and scholarship holders from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the Thirty Years War . (The official books of the University of Heidelberg, series C). Winter, Heidelberg 2008, p. 329.
  58. ↑ Also Kimmendonck; see. about him Dagmar Drüll ( arrangement ): Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon , Vol. III 1386–1651 , Berlin / Heidelberg / New York: Springer 2002, p. 72.
  59. ↑ From Kempen; see. Julius August Wagenmann:  Kimedoncius, Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, p. 740 f .; JF Gerhard Goeters :  Kimedoncius (tho Kymmendonck), Jakob. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-00192-3 , pp. 608 f. ( Digitized version ).
  60. ↑ Cf. Felix Hauptmann: Das Wappenrecht. Historical and dogmatic representation of the legal principles applicable in the coat of arms . P. Hauptmann, Bonn 1896, p. 186.
  61. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, p. 388 ( Google Books ).
  62. ↑ See Anonymus (Rector Paedagogei Crucenacensis Lb BS): Mansuetos doctrina facit . Mayer, Mainz 1705.
  63. ^ Wilhelm Diehl: The progenitor of the Frohn family from the Palatinate . In: Hessische Chronik 23 (1936), p. 140.
  64. ↑ On him cf. Dorothea Schelkes: Johann Martin Spieß. A composer from the Electoral Palatinate in the service of the Reformed Church (Mannheimer Hochschulschriften 7), Frankfurt am Main a. a .: Peter Lang 2009, ISBN 978-3-631-58622-8 .
  65. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, p. 442f ( Google Books ).
  66. ↑ Joh. Werneri Reutelii, Gymn. Crucenacensis Con-Rectoris: Nova et facilima methodus docendi linguas et disciplinas scholasticas . In which, besides other uncommon advantages in the whole information work, an Artificium Mathematicum is shown in particular, how the student youth ... can be brought so far that they can explicate all Latin authores. Sambt has a twofold appendix, since the first shows how one can learn to play all of David's psalms and sacred songs on the keyboard after the chorale bass in one day, the second deals with the good establishment of a high school or pedagogy, Frankfurt am Main: Buchner, 1726.
  67. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 445-447 ( Google Books ).
  68. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, pp. 452-465 ( Google Books ); Johann Christoph Strodtmann: The New Learned Europe , Vol. XV. Johann Christoph Meißner, Wolfenbüttel 1760, pp. 565-581 ( Google Books ); Dagmar Drüll ( arrangement ): Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon , Vol. II 1652–1802, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York: Springer 1991, p. 13 ( Google Books ; limited preview).
  69. ↑ Christian Bruning: Christiani Bruningii Bremensis, Scholae Crucenacensis Rectoris ἑρμήνευμα loci ad Hebraeos VI. 19. In: Museum Historico-Philologico-Theologicum 2 (1729), pp. 253-259.
  70. ^ Johann Heinrich Andreae: Crucenacum Palatinum cum ipsius archisatrapia . Johannes Baptist Wiesen, Heidelberg 1784, p. 510f ( Google Books ).
  71. ↑ See Kurt Baumann (Hrsg.): Pfälzer Lebensbilder , Vol. II. Palatinate Society for the Advancement of Science, Speyer 1970, pp. 216f.
  72. ↑ See Anneliese Kaltenbach: Ludwig Haeusser, historien et patriote, 1818-1867. Contribution à l'étude de l'histoire politique et culturelle franco-allemande au XIXe siècle . (Travaux et mémoires des instituts français en Allemagne 9). Presses universitaires de France, Paris 1965, pp. 18-21, 333f u. ö.
  73. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Peter Wundt: Topographische Pfälzische Bibliothek , Vol. III. Schwan / Götz, Mannheim 1802, p. 35 ( Google Books ).

Coordinates: 49 ° 50 ′ 41.6 ″  N , 7 ° 51 ′ 22 ″  E