Attersee

Attersee ; Kammersee
	Southeast view of the Attersee
Geographical location	Salzkammergut , Austria
Tributaries	Seeache , ; Outer Weißenbach , ; Kienbach, ; Alexenauer Bach, ; Weyregger Bach, ; Parschallenbach, ; Dexelbach
Drain	Ager
Islands	Litzlberg Castle
Places on the shore	Seewalchen , Schörfling , Weyregg , Steinbach , Unterach , Nussdorf , Attersee
	Data
Coordinates	47 ° 52 '24 " N , 13 ° 32' 45" E Coordinates: 47 ° 52 '24 " N , 13 ° 32' 45" E
Altitude above sea level	469 m above sea level A.
surface	46.2 km²
length	18.9 km
width	1.25 - 3.3 km
volume	3.943 km³
Maximum depth	169 m
Middle deep	85 m
Catchment area	464 km²
particularities	Prehistoric pile dwellings in the lake (UNESCO World Heritage)

Historical map by Georg Matthäus Vischer (1672)

Attersee, copper engraving by Georg Matthias Vischer (1672) (from the north)

Litzlberg am Attersee, painting by Gustav Klimt (1914/15)

The Attersee (also Kammersee ) is a lake in the Upper Austrian Salzkammergut . With over 46 km² of water, it is the largest lake in Austria , is almost 19 km long and 1.25 to 3.3 km wide. At 169 meters, it is the third deepest lake in Austria and, with a water volume of almost 4 billion m³, exceeds many lakes with a larger area. It is rich in fish and a popular diving and sailing area .

General

The Attersee is a glacier edge lake in the Upper Austrian Salzkammergut with a depth of up to 169 meters. In 2014 divers said they discovered a spot with a depth of 172.6 m. Since the banks are very steep and the Attersee has a great average depth, with a water volume of around 4 billion m³ it exceeds many larger lakes such as the Chiemsee . In terms of area, Lake Attersee is surpassed by Lake Constance and Lake Neusiedl , but both are not entirely in Austria. The Neusiedlersee is about 7 times as large as the Attersee, but so shallow that it is only about 1/12 the volume of the Attersee.

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View from Zell to the northeast

geography

The Schafberg ( 1783 m above sea level ) rises in the southwest, the Höllengebirge ( 1862 m above sea level ) in the southeast .

The Attersee forms the final link in a chain of lakes that begins in the southwest with the Fuschlsee and in the northwest with the Irrsee . The water from both lakes flows into the Mondsee and from there again over the four-kilometer-long lake in the south-west into the Attersee. The water of the Attersee flows off over the Ager near Kammer. The Ager flows into the Traun , which then flows into the Danube in Linz .

history

The name probably comes from a pre-Celtic (reconstructed) root * ata or * ada , which means 'water'. Kammersee refers to the Kammer Castle in Schörfling am Attersee and thus to the Kammergut as a sovereign property and the Salzkammergut itself.

The Attersee area was already settled in the Neolithic . In August 1870 remains of pile dwellings were discovered at the northern end of the lake near Seewalchen . The pile dwellings date partly from 4000 to 3000 BC ( Mondsee culture ), partly from 1500 to 1000 (Pre-Celtic Bronze Age). Finds of ceramics and bronze from the Mondsee culture complement these findings. Since 2011 the sites Abtsdorf I and III and Litzlberg Süd (the latter both Mondsee culture) belong to the cross-border UNESCO World Heritage Site of Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps (which also includes the sites in See am Mondsee ).

At the Attersee there are relics of Roman villas , which confirm the settlement continuity that has been largely unbroken since at least the second millennium BC (the Mondsee culture has demonstrably gone under, nothing has been found here for many centuries).

Summer retreat

In Litzlberg there is a small islet .

In the Belle Époque , the Attersee region was the center of the summer resort and known for its artist colonies. It was an insider tip, while celebrities and business tycoons gathered near the emperor in the Ischl area . Gustav Klimt , summer guest at the Attersee, painted a large number of views from the region around Litzlberg.

Gustav Mahler loved vacationing on the Attersee and stayed at the Gasthof Föttinger in Steinbach am Attersee during the summer months from 1893 to 1896. There the conductor and composer had his own composing house by the lake, which can still be visited today. He compared the creation of his 3rd symphony there with swimming across the lake.

The late impressionist Albert Weisgerber also painted his most famous self -portrait here, Self -Portrait am Attersee (1911).

railroad

The Attersee is connected to the Westbahn by two branch lines . The standard-gauge branch line "Kammerer Hansl" , built in 1881, runs from Vöcklabruck to Kammer am Attersee. The narrow-gauge Atterseebahn , opened in 1913, connects the town of Attersee with Vöcklamarkt .

The Electric local railway Unterach Lake Association 1907-1949 shipterminals at Attersee and Mondsee.

Tourist association / holiday region Attersee

As early as 1892, an association was founded to increase the summer vacation at the Attersee . 1926-27, after the collapse of tourism after World War II and the Great Depression there was a new foundation as a tourist association for the Attersee- and Mondsee area . The Attersee Association was founded in 1952, and in 1999 the local associations of the Attersee communities merged to form the multi-part tourism association ( tourism region ) Ferienregion Attersee , which was also a founding member of Salzkammergut Tourismus GmbH in 2001 (since then Ferienregion Attersee - Salzkammergut ). The tourist associations Aurach am Hongar and Gampern , which are not directly adjacent to the Attersee, have also been closely associated since around 2009 . In 2019 the tourism associations Attersee and Attergau as well as Frankenmarkt and Vöcklamarkt merged to form a large association.

nature

Fish stocks

Pike , lake , brook and rainbow trout , arctic char , Reinanke , eel , carp , eel rod , perch and white fish live in the Attersee. The pearl fish , which is already extinct in the lakes of Germany, has its habitat in the Steinbach am Attersee area and is protected.

Climate history

In the years 1830, 1876, 1879, 1891, 1901, 1928/29 (coldest winter for 154 years) and 1963 the lake was frozen over. The lake was last completely frozen in the late 1940s.

tourism

MS Stadt Vöcklabruck before docking in Weißenbach

shipping

The shipping traffic on the Attersee is an important element in this tourist area. The history of the commercial Attersee shipping on Austria's largest inland lake can be traced back to 1869.

Boating

Sailing and motor boating are very common. However, motor boats with internal combustion engines are absolutely prohibited from sailing in the months of July and August. Electric motor boats are allowed to sail all year round. Of the eight sailing clubs, the Union Yacht Club Attersee is the oldest and largest on the lake.

The "rose wind" is known among sailors on the Attersee. The west wind is also known and feared among sailors for its powerful and unpredictable gusts.

Diving

Due to the extremely good visibility of up to 25 meters - especially in autumn - the Attersee is a popular diving area . Especially on the southeast side of the lake ( Steinbach , Schwarze Brücke) its steep walls extend to the deepest point of the lake. On September 18, 2005, Hans Brandstätter reached a depth of 165 meters, setting a new Austrian record.

Attracted by the good visibility and the purely topologically possible depth, recreational divers dive into depths that are risky for the closer circumstances. Between 2014 and 2017, a total of five divers had fatal accidents in the Attersee.

To go biking

Once a year, usually at the beginning of May, a car-free cycling experience day is organized, during which a 48 km long stretch around the lake via Attersee Straße (B 151) and Seeleiten Straße (B 152) is closed to car traffic.

Since 2011, the "King of the Lake" has been held annually in September on the same route. Anyone can participate in the 47.2 km long team and individual time trial around the Attersee. In 2018, the race attracted around 1200 drivers from all over Europe.

Others

When Federal Vision Song Contest 2009 sang flowin Realty et les Freaqz the Attersee with the song holiday on the Attersee
The Austrian writer Hans Eichhorn was a professional fisherman on the Attersee.
The Attersee is also (rarely, rather outdated) called the Kammersee . 40 km southeast of it, the Traun rises as the Traunfall in the - other, smaller - Kammersee near Toplitzsee , Styria .

Web links

Commons : Attersee - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Attersee - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f OGW: Seeprofil Attersee ( Memento from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 454 kB) Checking according to GZÜV (Waters Status Monitoring Ordinance, Federal Law Gazette II No. 479/2006). Status: October 2013.
↑ ^a ^b Federal Office for Water Management (Hrsg.): Atlas of the natural lakes of Austria with an area ≥ 50 ha. Morphometry - typing - trophy. As of 2005. Series of publications by the Federal Office for Water Management, Volume 29, Vienna 2008 ( PDF; 9 MB )
↑ New deepest point discovered in the Attersee at 172.60 meters , salzi.at from September 16, 2014, accessed on July 15, 2016
↑ Composition in harmony with the water. About Mahler ( Memento from November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). Hotel Föttinger, Steinbach, accessed November 13, 2015.
↑ Gustav Mahler stays in Steinbach am Attersee on the website www.mahler-steinbach.at, accessed November 13, 2015.
↑ Tourist Association Attersee , atterwiki.at
↑ area information on segelschule.at
↑ Diving entry points & information from the Attersee-Salzkammergut tourist office, accessed on October 26, 2018.
↑ Diving record by Upper Austrians: 42-year-old dived in Attersee at 165 meters. In: NEWS.AT. News Networld Internet Service GmbH, September 18, 2005, accessed on September 2, 2011 .
↑ https://taucher.net/forum-tauchunfaelle-inz12 , accessed July 25, 2018
↑ ASVÄ King of the Lake Attersee retrieved on October 26, 2018th

[OGW-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f OGW: Seeprofil Attersee ( Memento from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 454 kB) Checking according to GZÜV (Waters Status Monitoring Ordinance, Federal Law Gazette II No. 479/2006). Status: October 2013.

[seenatlas-2] Federal Office for Water Management (Hrsg.): Atlas of the natural lakes of Austria with an area ≥ 50 ha. Morphometry - typing - trophy. As of 2005. Series of publications by the Federal Office for Water Management, Volume 29, Vienna 2008 ( PDF; 9 MB )

[3] New deepest point discovered in the Attersee at 172.60 meters , salzi.at from September 16, 2014, accessed on July 15, 2016

[4] Composition in harmony with the water. About Mahler ( Memento from November 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). Hotel Föttinger, Steinbach, accessed November 13, 2015.

[5] Gustav Mahler stays in Steinbach am Attersee on the website www.mahler-steinbach.at, accessed November 13, 2015.

[6] Tourist Association Attersee , atterwiki.at

[7] rea information on segelschule.at

[8] Diving entry points & information from the Attersee-Salzkammergut tourist office, accessed on October 26, 2018.

[9] Diving record by Upper Austrians: 42-year-old dived in Attersee at 165 meters. In: NEWS.AT. News Networld Internet Service GmbH, September 18, 2005, accessed on September 2, 2011 .

[10] ttps://taucher.net/forum-tauchunfaelle-inz12 , accessed July 25, 2018

[11] ASVÄ King of the Lake Attersee retrieved on October 26, 2018th