Surin (province)

Surin
สุรินทร์
statistics
Capital:	Surin
Telephone code:	044
Surface:	8,124.0 km² 24.
Residents:	1,377,827 (2009) 10.
Population density :	169 E / km² 15.
ISO 3166-2 :
Governor :	Adthaporn Singhawichai
map

Adthaporn Singhawichai, Governor of Surin Province (2017)

Shrine with the city pillar ( Lak Müang ) of Surin

Surin ( Thai สุรินทร์ [ sùʔrin ]) is a province ( Changwat ) in northeastern Thailand , the Isan . The capital of the province of Surin is also called Surin .

geography

The province of Surin is located in the southern part of the northeast of Thailand. In the north of the province, the Mae Nam Mun (Mun River) has dug a valley and flows into the Mekong . The south is almost entirely occupied by the Dongrek Mountains , which also form a natural border with Cambodia. The area of ​​the province is 8,124 km² (≈5,077,535 Rai).

Neighboring provinces and areas:
north	Maha Sarakham and Roi Et
east	Si Sa Ket
south	National border with Cambodia ( Oddar Meanchey Province )
west	Buri Ram

climate

The climate is tropical - monsoonal . During the hot season from March to June, the country is practically parched, and during the subsequent rainy season , there are frequent devastating floods. This fatal cycle is countered with the creation of artificial water reservoirs that give off water during the hot spell, which they can hold back during the rainy season.

The maximum temperature in 2009 was 36.0 ° C, the lowest temperature was measured at 14.0 ° C. On 120 rainy days fell 1534.8 mm in the same year  .

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Surin T e m p e r a t u r 31.1 16.9 33.3 19.6 35.4 22.2 35.9 24.0 34.3 24.2 33.1 24.1 32.5 23.8 32.1 23.7 31.6 23.5 31.1 22.8 30.5 20.2 30.1 17.3 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec N i e d e r s c h l a g 2.7 11.0 22.8 92.3 176.0 178.3 201.5 212.1 276.8 124.9 22.5 1.7   Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source:  ??

Economy and Importance

Gross Provincial Product of Surin Province, 1995 to 2009

In the course of the Asian crisis in 1997, the economy of Surin Province was also affected. However, the different sectors of the economy were not equally affected. The impact was to be noted however complete only in 1999, the "Gross Provincial Product" ( GDP ) fell in this year almost to the 1995 level back. After that, the GPP slowly recovers. See also the graphic opposite.

In 2009 the gross provincial product of the province was 55,030 million baht and GPP per capita was 38,260 baht. The provincial minimum wage is 162 baht per day (around € 4).

Gross Provincial Product between 1995 and 2000

The Gross Provincial Product before, during and after the 1997 Asian crisis.

1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
25,025 million baht	27,314 million baht	28,590 million baht	29,044 million baht	25,341 million baht	26,700 million baht

Data from the Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board:

See also : gross domestic product

Data

The table below shows the share of the economic sectors in the gross provincial product in percent.

Industry	2006	2007	2008
Agriculture	19.5	20.2	19.3
Industry	8.6	10.7	9.5
Other	71.9	69.1	71.2

All figures in%

Land use

The following land use is documented for the province:

• Forest area: 582,005 Rai (363.8 km²), 11.5% of the total area
• Agricultural area: 3,949,353 rai (2,468.3 km²), 77.8% of the total area
• Unclassified area: 546,178 rai (341.4 km²), 10.8% of the total area

Surin lives from agriculture . The province has a total of 1,191 wetlands with an area of ​​152 km², which are used more or less intensively for agriculture

history

Every November there is a big elephant festival in Surin (Figure 2009).

Surin was an important part of the Khmer Empire of Angkor during the 11th and 12th centuries . There are also numerous examples of temple ruins from this period. In 1763 a settlement was moved to the place of today's provincial capital and rebuilt as a city. This city was initially called Mueang Prathai Saman .

The contemporary head of the old settlement, Luang Surin Phakdi, became the first governor of the newly established province. In 1786 it was given its current name in recognition of the first governor.

See also: History of Thailand and corresponding entry in Surin

population

The majority population of the province (an estimated 70%) are ethnic Khmer or their descendants. However, 99.5% are Thai citizens. As a result of " Thaiization ", the proportion of active Khmer speakers is on the decline. While in the 1990 census 63.4% gave Khmer or the related Kuy as their first language, in 2000 it was only 47.2%. The northern Khmer group living outside Cambodia and their dialect (which differs significantly from the central Khmer spoken in Cambodia) are also called Surin Khmer after the province . Almost all Khmer speakers are (at least) bilingual and also speak standard Thai and / or Isan-Lao . In the larger cities in particular, Thai and Isan are displacing Khmer, which is only used informally in schools and hardly at all in the media.

Symbols

The seal of the province of Surin shows a Buddhist temple ( wat ) in the Khmer style and the head of an elephant . Both can be found in large numbers in the province.

The local plant is the common tembusu ( Fagraea fragrans ).

The motto of Surin Province is:

Surin is the city of big elephants ,
here is silk woven excellent quality,
famous for sugar beet and jasmine rice
along with many castles and cultures of many cultures.

Administrative units

Provincial Administration

The province of Surin is divided into 17 Amphoe ('districts' or 'counties'). These are further subdivided into 158 tambon ('subdistricts' or 'parishes') and 2011 muban ('villages').

No. Amphoe Thai   No. Amphoe Thai 1 Amphoe Mueang Surin ( อำเภอ เมือง สุรินทร์ ) 10 Amphoe Sangkha ( อำเภอ สังขะ ) 2 Chumphon Buri district ( อำเภอ ชุมพลบุรี ) 11 Lamduan district ( อำเภอ ลำดวน ) 3 Amphoe Tha Tum ( อำเภอ ท่าตูม ) 12 Samrong Thap district ( อำเภอ สำโรงทาบ ) 4th Amphoe Chom Phra ( อำเภอ จอมพระ ) 13 Buachet district ( อำเภอ บัว เชด ) 5 Prasat district ( อำเภอ ปราสาท ) 14th Phanom Dong Rak district ( อำเภอ พนม ดง รัก ) 6th Cape Choeng district ( อำเภอ กาบเชิง ) 15th Si Narong district ( อำเภอ ศรี ณรงค์ ) 7th Rattanaburi district ( อำเภอ รัตนบุรี ) 16 Amphoe Khwao Sinarin ( อำเภอ เข วา สิ นรินทร์ ) 8th Amphoe Sanom ( อำเภอ สนม ) 17th Non Narai district ( อำเภอ โนน นารายณ์ ) 9 Amphoe Sikhoraphum ( อำเภอ ศีขรภูมิ )

Map of the Amphoe

Local administration

A provincial administrative organization ( บริหาร ส่วน จังหวัด , อบ จ for short , Ongkan Borihan suan Changwat ; English Provincial Administrative Organization , PAO) exists for the entire area of ​​the province .

The province also has 28 thesaban ('communes') - including a "city" (the provincial capital Surin ) and 27 "small towns". There are also 144 tambon administrative organizations for the rural areas that do not belong to any municipality.

literature

• Thailand in Figures 2011 . 13th edition. Alpha Research, Nonthaburi 2011, ISBN 978-616752603-4 .

Web links

Commons : Surin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Surin province general map (names in English and Thai) accessed on November 14, 2013
• Surin Provincial Government website (in Thai)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Geography ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board: Gross Regional and Provincial Product 2009 ( Memento of the original dated November 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Gross Regional and Provincial Product 2009: Complete data as zip. ( Memento of the original from November 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Thailand in Figures (2011), p. 339.
4. ↑ Edmund JV Oh, Blake D. Ratner, Simon Bush, Komathi Kolandai and Terence Y. Too (eds.): Wetlands Governance in the Mekong Region: country reports on the legal-institutional framework and economic valuation of aquatic resources . 2005.
5. ↑ Economy ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} History and symbols of the province ( Memento of the original from November 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
7. ↑ Rüangdet Phankhüankhan: Phasa thin trakun thai. Mahidol University, Bangkok 1988, p. 219. Quoted from Volker Grabowsky : The Isan up to Its Integration in the Siamese State. In: Regions and National Integration in Thailand, 1892-1992. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 1995, p. 108, fn. 5.
8. ↑ Key indicators of the population and households, Population and Housing Census 1990 and 2000: Surin (PDF)
9. ↑ M. Minegishi: Khmer. In: Concise Encyclopedia of Languages ​​of the World. Elsevier, Oxford 2009, p. 597.
10. ↑ John Haiman: Cambodian. Khmer. London Oriental and African Language Library, Volume 16, John Benjamin Publishing, Amsterdam / Philadelphia, 2011, pp. Xv, 18.
11. ^ William J. Frawley (Ed.): International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. 2nd edition, Volume 1, Oxford University Press, Oxford / New York 2003, p. 488.
12. ↑ Province tree  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  

Coordinates: 14 ° 53 '  N , 103 ° 29'  E