DB class 218
| DB class 218 | |
|---|---|
 Class 218 locomotive in Unkel
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| Numbering: | 218 001–012 218 101–499 218 901–908 (by converting from 210) |
| Number: | 12 prototypes, 399 series locomotives (including 218 399, which was rebuilt from the 215 112 after an accident) |
| Manufacturer: | Krupp , Henschel , Krauss-Maffei , MaK |
| Year of construction (s): | 1968; 1971-1979 |
| Axis formula : | B'B ' |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 16,400 mm |
| Trunnion Distance: | 8,600 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 2,800 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 11,400 mm |
| Service mass: | 80 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 20.0 t |
| Top speed: | 140 km / h / 160 km / h |
| Continuous output : | 1839 kW / 2500 PS (MTU TB10) 2060 kW / 2800 PS (MTU TB11) 1986 kW / 2700 PS (Pielstick) 2000 kW / 2718 PS (MTU 4000) |
| Starting tractive effort: | 235 kN (low speed) |
| Motor type: | MTU 12V 956 TB10 MTU 12V 956 TB11 Pielstick 16PA 4V 200 MTU 16 V 4000 R40 / R41 |
| Motor type: | 1 V12-cylinder diesel or 1 V16-cylinder diesel |
| Rated speed: | 1,500 min -1 |
| Power transmission: | Hydraulic |
| Tank capacity: | 3 200 l |
| Number of traction motors: | 1 |
| Locomotive brake: | hydrodynamic brake KE-GPP2R-H mZ |
| Train heating: | electric |
The class 218 of the Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB) is a class of four-axle diesel locomotives . For many years it was the most common and most important representative of the West German mainline diesel locomotives. It can still be found today on many of the non-electrified Deutsche Bahn AG lines and is used in passenger transport , express train service and local transport, as well as freight transport .
history
The class 218 locomotives are the most recently developed member of the V-160 locomotive family. It summarizes the developments of the V 160 to V 169 (later 215 to 219) series, which have many similarities. In the 218, the electric train heating was taken over from the 217 series , the 1840 kW engine (2500 hp) was taken from the prototypes of the 215 series , which made an auxiliary diesel engine to operate the heater superfluous. The electric train heating and the push- pull train control make the class 218 a universally usable locomotive.
In 1966, the DB initially ordered twelve pre-series locomotives, for which the series designation V 164 was intended. From 1968 Krupp delivered these locomotives, which were then put into service by the DB as the 218 series. The series procurement (with the additional participation of Henschel , Krauss-Maffei and MaK in Kiel) with 398 other machines took place from 1971 to 1979. In 1975, the accident victim 215 112 became 218 399. The delivery took place in four series (218 101–170, 171–298, 299–398, 400–499), between which there were minor changes.
The 2500 to 2800 hp B'B ' locomotives reach 140 km / h and are used in both travel and freight train services. The 218 proved their worth in operations and were still considered to be the most important mainline diesel locomotives for Deutsche Bahn until 2000 . In the meantime, the procurement of new diesel railcars has made good progress, and more and more locomotive-hauled trains are being replaced by internal combustion railcars (VT). In January 2008, around 220 copies were still active. The successor series 245 will be built in significantly smaller numbers, since most of the trains previously pulled by the 218 series will be converted to diesel multiple units or the routes will be electrified.
variants
DB 218.9, the former DB class 210
From 1970, the Federal Railroad put a series of eight class 210 locomotives into service. These were technically largely identical to the 218 series, but could travel at a top speed of 160 km / h and had a gas turbine to increase performance .
After a fire in the turbine of 210 008 on New Year's Eve 1978 in Fürstenfeldbruck , the turbines were initially shut down, in 1980/81 the turbines were dismantled and the locomotives were adapted to the 218 series through further changes. They were added to the inventory as 218 901 to 908.
The converted former gas turbine locomotives initially stayed at the Kempten depot and were used like the other class 218 locomotives. In 1983 the locomotives came to the Braunschweig depot , and from 2001 to Stendal . Between 2004 and 2006, all class 218.9 locomotives were retired and later scrapped.
DB class 210.4
The second occupation as the 210 series took place at Deutsche Bahn AG . In September 1996 the DB set up a continuous intercity line from Munich via Berlin to Hamburg , in which class 120 locomotives with intercity push-pull control cars of the Bimzf type were used. However, the line between the Nauen and Berlin Zoologischer Garten stations was only partially electrified . About this non-electrified section of the train along with a should electric locomotive of the 120 series by two diesel locomotives in double traction to be towed. Originally it was even considered to drive the IC continuously from Hamburg to Berlin with 210 double traction, but such a deployment was unnecessary due to the progress of construction in the electrification , so that there were only individual circulation-related services of this type.
In September 1996, twelve locomotives of the 218 series from the Lübeck site were selected, which were in particularly good condition (218 430 to 434 and 218 456 to 462). Reinforced cardan shafts were installed in them, thus obtaining approval for a top speed of 160 km / h. The translation of the transmission remained unchanged, the converter II has now been fully extended. Other sources say that no modifications took place at all. An exchange of the I-60 train control devices for time- and distance-dependent type I 60 R could not take place in the short time, so that journeys over 140 km / h required an additional train attendant. In addition, only the series designation was changed from 218 to 210, the serial numbers were retained. After the contact wire gap between Nauen and Berlin had been closed, the locomotives continued to operate for a while around Lübeck with their 160 km / h approval in normal 218 schedule. As of December 31, 1998, all locomotives were dismantled and given their old designation back. All of these locomotives withdrawn from the 218 series are still in service with the DB.
DB class 218.8
Some 218s were converted into tow locomotives for broken or damaged ICE trains on the high-speed routes Cologne – Rhine / Main and Nuremberg – Ingolstadt . These locomotives were given the series designation 218.8, which is to distinguish them from their regional sister machines. Some of these locomotives were equipped with Scharfenberg type adapter couplings for towing purposes. 218 191 to 2018 and 218 486 currently, are used in the Stuttgart S-Bahn for towing and shunting work. 218 228 served as a tow locomotive in the area of the Rhine-Main S-Bahn until it was retired in 2006 . In 2013, 218 102 served as a tow locomotive for the Rhein-Main S-Bahn until it was retired in the same year. 218 474 was taken over as a tow locomotive by the Hamburg S-Bahn.
A total of 15 locomotives have been converted to the 218.8 in the Bremen-Sebaldsbrück repair shop (AW Bremen), which are also used in double traction . The tow locomotives used in the S-Bahn area, not renumbered, are located in Plochingen (218 486) and Hamburg-Ohlsdorf (218 474).
The 15 locomotives of the 218.8 series are divided between the depots in Frankfurt am Main (nine locomotives) and Berlin-Rummelsburg (six locomotives). The locomotives are kept ready at junctions in the long-distance network.
DB class 225.8
Seven pre-series machines transferred to the DB Cargo division were given the series designation 225.8 . These have since been retired.
Color variations
The 218 series has wandered through numerous color variants. The first 218 locomotives were delivered in the purple red color ( RAL 3004) that is usual for diesel locomotives . With the 218 217-8 and 218 218-6, the first test vehicles for a new color generation were presented in 1974: At the beginning of 1974, the 218 218 became the first locomotive of the Federal Railroad in the new ocean blue / ivory paint . 218 217 was given a test paint based on this in the TEE colors purple / ivory (RAL 1001). From then on ocean blue / ivory became the new standard color for the 218, while the 218 217-8 in purple / ivory remained a unique piece and was repainted in 2002. In 2010, 218 105-5 was painted purple / ivory based on 218 217-8, and has been owned by the Neckar-Schwarzwald-Alb railway company since 2016.
Only at the beginning of the new millennium was the 753 001 (ex 217 001) a second locomotive of the V-160 family painted in purple / ivory. A little later, the 753 002 (ex 217 002) , which was also driving for DB Systemtechnik, was also given the purple / ivory paintwork. Since December 2006, 753 002 has been returned to the freight transport division of the railroad due to restricted use, as 217 002 it ran in Mühldorf. It then went to the BahnTouristikExpress (BTE) in Nuremberg and now operates in the Aschersleben area for the AVG Aschersleben transport company .
The last representative in the original ocean blue / ivory paint was 218 320 from DB AutoZug. In contrast to the later standard color scheme, it did not have a gray roof, but a partially blue painted roof. When they were accepted, 218 315–339, 353–360, 376–405, 435, 436 and 463–466 had an ocean blue painted roof. From around July 1976, the roofs of the newly delivered locomotives were painted gray, as the blue paint was so dirty that it was soon no longer visible. In the meantime, however, a few vehicles have been given back the ocean blue / ivory color scheme as part of preparation work.
For the City-Bahn project on the Cologne - Gummersbach ( Aggertalbahn ) line, ten locomotives from the Hagen depot were repainted in pure orange (RAL 2004) with a pebble gray lower side wall to match the wagon train, in line with the so-called pop paint from the early 1970s. After the end of the City-Bahn test phase, they kept this paint until the 1990s and were then gradually overmoulded with white bibs as part of their main investigations into the orient red color scheme (RAL 3031) introduced at the end of 1987 , most recently 218 135 in November 1996 .
The remaining class 218 locomotives can now be found almost entirely in the current traffic red (RAL 3020) color scheme.
The last 218 in the oriental red color scheme was 218 156, which made its last trip on January 24, 2009 before the IC 118 ( Innsbruck - Münster ) in the section from Lindau (Lake Constance) via Friedrichshafen to Ulm . Since 218 156 had expired on January 25, 2009 and was not reconditioned, the orient red color scheme of the 218 series disappeared from German rails with this locomotive. This paintwork was only returned in 2018 by the private railway company Railsystems in the form of 218 402; Railsystems now has a second oriental red locomotive with 218 319.
- 218 473 drove for four years until April 2005 in a dark blue "König-Ludwig" paint scheme sponsored by the model railway manufacturer Märklin .
- 218 418 had a paint job in the colors of the DB tourist train until the end of 2006 , which 218 416 also carried until October 2000, but has since been repainted in the traffic red color scheme as part of a general inspection at the Bremen repair shop.
- 218 212 is a museum locomotive and has had a yellow and white paintwork "Special Train to Pankow" since October 2003 and has been parked in Amorbach station since December 2014 next to the nostalgic station restaurant "Gleis 1".
- 218 387 was painted during its penultimate general inspection in DB Altrot and, in addition to its actual tasks at the Kurhessenbahn, is often used for special trains and external services. In January 2017 the locomotive was revised in the AW Bremen-Sebaldsbrück. After an engine failure in 2018, the locomotive was parked on the grounds of the AW Bremen. In March 2019 the locomotive was transferred from Bremen to the Cottbus repair shop by 218 423. Spare parts for other locomotives were removed there. In May 2019 the locomotive was transferred to standstill management in Leipzig-Engelsdorf. In the meantime, the 218 348, also old red and used as a donor, has also been parked in Engelsdorf.
- 218 460, also called Conny , was refurbished in October 2016 on behalf of the Westfrankenbahn in the AW Bremen-Sebaldsbrück and now has an ocean blue / ivory paint again.
- 218 446 was painted in ocean blue / ivory in May 2020 by "Bäcker Rail Design" from Siegen on behalf of DB Regio Kempten.
218 209-5 in purple, 1985 in the main train station in Nuremberg
218 217-8 in TEE purple / ivory, 1984 in Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg
218 168-3 in ocean blue / ivory, 1985 in Bochum - Dahlhausen
218 137-8 in City-Bahn livery, 2014 in the DB Museum Koblenz
218 453-9 in traffic red, 2008 in Uetersen
218 473-7 in the "König-Ludwig" color scheme in 2004 in the Stendal depot
218 287 in yellow of DB Gleisbau (DBG)
218 212 in Miltenberg
218 416 in the colors of the tourist train in Munich Central Station
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Construction and equipment
Motor and gearbox are resiliently in the frame stored. The frame is supported by four coil springs on each bogie and side on the bogies. From 218 299 onwards, Flexicoil springs were used, which enable the bogies to move without sliding pieces (Atlas MaK bogies). Tensile and braking forces are transmitted via deep cross members with pivot pins. The superstructures are made of sheet metal and profile steel in a shell construction. Two side aisles run between the two end cabs.
The drive takes place via very long cardan shafts from a central fluid transmission with reversing gear. This transmission is equipped with two torque converters . The switching from converter I to converter II takes place automatically and without interruption of the tractive effort. The transmission is also equipped with two speed levels. The low speed level (slow gear) allows higher tractive forces, but a lower top speed of 100 km / h, the high speed level (high gear) allows the higher maximum speed of 140 km / h, but with lower tractive forces. Switching from slow to overdrive only takes place when the locomotive is stationary. The series locomotives are also equipped with a wear-free hydraulic brake.
In the course of time, various diesel engines were used as the drive: The first series received the MTU MA 12V 956 TB10 with 2500 hp. In order to avoid the drop in tractive force that occurs with these engines at full heating power, some French Pielstick 16 PA4 V200s with around 2700 hp, built under license by KHD , were installed in later machines . MTU followed suit and developed the TB10 into the 2800 hp more powerful TB11, which was installed in well over half of all 218. Due to poor exhaust gas values and increasing wear and tear of the engines, the operator has been forced to undertake a comprehensive modernization program in recent years. First, a number of TB11 engines were optimized for exhaust emissions with a conversion kit. Furthermore, several new TB11 motors corresponding to this stand were purchased, which also have electronic motor management. At the same time, completely new engines were tested, which ultimately led to the procurement of numerous 16V 4000 R40 / R41 from MTU . In addition, engines from Caterpillar are installed in four locomotives . With the increase in engines, the locomotive equipment was mixed up considerably. In the meantime, there is almost only the MTU 4000 and the new or exhaust-optimized TB11.
From 1981, the locomotives were equipped with additional exhaust hoods on the roof in order to divert the exhaust gases past the contact line and thus reduce their pollution, and the increased exit speed due to exhaust flaps in the hoods was also intended to reduce the annoyance of the passengers by exhaust gases. The arrangement of the scoops is an indication of the engine installed in the locomotive: Locomotives with twelve-cylinder engines (TB10 / TB11) have scoops arranged next to one another in accordance with the exhaust system attached to one side of the engine, with sixteen- cylinder engines (Pielstick, MTU 4000) with exhaust systems on both engine sides Screens attached offset.
The technical equipment of the locomotives is no longer standardized. The Indusi is usually a Lorenz-Indusi I 60, which now fulfills the PZB-90 functionality by means of a retrofitted computer. In addition to the original 36-pin push-pull train control, numerous locomotives have been retrofitted with the time-division multiplex push-pull train control / double traction control (ZWS / ZDS) and frequency multiplexer train control (FMZ), plus the door blocking system TB0 (door blocking from 0 km / h) and a microphone for announcements by the train driver in the Train. Sometimes there is an auxiliary drive switch under the left window and a control unit for electronic passenger information systems.
The central energy supply was originally implemented with a simple envelope converter that can only cope with reactive currents to a limited extent . Later, a GTO thyristor converter with a DC link was partially installed. The GTO converter can also process reactive power, but the supply of spare parts by Siemens is no longer guaranteed. The envelope converter must run at 22.5 Hz, because operation at 16 2/3 Hz generates interference in the trackside systems operated at 50 Hz. 16 2/3 Hz is exactly one third of 50 Hz, so that resonance vibrations and interactions can occur.
Since 2000, some of the locomotives equipped with ZWS control have also been retrofitted with a frequency-multiple train control, so that with appropriately equipped cars (e.g. double-decker cars or Wittenberg control cars with side-selective door release), SAT and TAV dispatching procedures can be used. In the meantime, all vehicles still in operation have been converted to digital train radio GSM-R .
There are also automatic brake slack adjusters for the 218 series. Some of the locomotives have an air drying system for the compressed air generation system, which catches the condensate that forms during air compression and thus supplies the air system with dried air.
Locomotives used on branch lines with bell panels had a bell, it was installed in the front under the circulation.
commitment
The class 218 was the most powerful diesel locomotive procured by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in large numbers. The purchase of even larger diesel locomotives was not carried out, as further electrification of the main lines was intended. For heavy services above the performance limit of the 218 series, it was planned to use them in multiple traction. In addition, a relatively precise performance adjustment was possible because almost all of the mainline diesel locomotives of the Deutsche Bundesbahn - in contrast to those of the Deutsche Reichsbahn from the former GDR - were capable of double traction. This also applies to locomotives of other types (such as 211, 212, 213, 215, 216 and 217) with which the 218 series could be operated together.
Beginning with reunification , the need for locomotives from the former Deutsche Reichsbahn decreased, especially after the merger of the two German state railways to form Deutsche Bahn AG . Class 232 and 234 locomotives from stocks of the former Deutsche Reichsbahn were used particularly in intercity diesel services.
The application areas of the 218 series were determined by their suitability for steep sections with slow gear and the high top speed of 140 km / h. With the discontinuation of the Interregio train type , the field of application shifted from long-distance transport to regional express trains. However, the 218 can still be found in various Intercity and EuroCity services, such as on the Hamburg - Sylt march railway and between Munich and Lindau , and since December 2007 also on the Lindau - Ulm southern railway .
The disadvantage is the long gear ratio of the gear unit and the low transmitted power of only 1360 kW on average. With more than three cars on the hook, the acceleration is quite low, and the relatively high top speed cannot be used if the distance between stops is short.
A somewhat unusual field of application is the deployment in front of car trains on the Niebüll - Westerland / Sylt route . In double traction, the 218 series transports the double-decker car transport trains and their passengers about 50 times a day in about 35 minutes over the Hindenburgdamm to the island of Sylt. This means that around 460,000 cars and trucks are transported through the Wadden Sea every year .
In the meantime, only the 215 series was used for this task, but there were a number of complaints from residents because of the roar of the machines, and despite the double traction, the performance was not sufficient. With the takeover of the Hamburg - Westerland regional transport on the Marschbahn by the Nord-Ostsee-Bahn , DB now has a large number of the 218 series available, some of which have been handed over to the Sylt Shuttle . This means that 215 are no longer used here. Other machines are on the siding in Niebüll, waiting to be used elsewhere.
Class 218 diesel locomotives were stationed in the following depots at the end of 2018:
- Aschaffenburg ( Westfrankenbahn )
- RB Aschaffenburg Hbf - Miltenberg (one circuit on weekdays with 218 460)
- Berlin-Rummelsburg ( DB long-distance traffic )
- No planned benefits, six 218.8 as tow locomotives
- Frankfurt am Main (DB long-distance traffic)
- No planned benefits, nine 218.8 as tow locomotives
- Hamburg-Ohlsdorf ( S-Bahn Hamburg )
- No planned benefits, 218 494 (formerly 218 474, parked due to expiry of the deadline) as a tow locomotive
- Karlsruhe
- No planned benefits, 218 484 and 218 483 as tow locomotives in Ludwigshafen, snow plow readiness in Freudenstadt and as a general reserve
- Kempten
- RE Munich Hbf - Buchloe - Memmingen
- RE Munich Hbf - Buchloe (- Kempten)
- Kiel
- RE Kiel Hbf - Lübeck (single round trip Mon-Thu)
- RE Hamburg Hbf - Puttgarden (on weekends in the summer season)
- Amplifier trips to the Kiel Week
- Mühldorf am Inn ( Südostbayernbahn )
- EC Lindau Hbf - Buchloe - Munich Hbf (in double traction)
- RE Simbach (Inn) - Mühldorf (- Munich Hbf)
- RB Landshut Hbf - Mühldorf - Salzburg Hbf
- RE Mühldorf - Munich (often in double traction)
- Niebüll ( Sylt Shuttle )
- IC Westerland / Sylt - Hamburg Hbf (in double traction)
- IC Fehmarn-Burg - Hamburg Hbf (as push-pull train)
- Plochingen ( S-Bahn Stuttgart )
- No planned benefits, 218 486 (formerly 218 191, sold to MZE) as tow locomotives
- Ulm ( DB ZugBus RAB )
- IRE Lindau Hbf - Friedrichshafen City - Ulm Hbf (- Stuttgart Hbf) (rarely sandwich covering also to Stuttgart)
- IC Stuttgart Hbf - Ulm Hbf - Oberstdorf (in double traction)
- IC Augsburg Hbf - Buchloe - Oberstdorf
- IC Stuttgart Hbf - Ulm Hbf - Friedrichshafen City - Lindau Hbf (in double traction)
Mission history
The 218 series is an efficient construction with the most modern and most sophisticated components available in 1968. With a relatively high top speed of 140 km / h, the locomotives proved themselves both in front of the Trans-Europ-Express train Bavaria and in front of freight trains.
The main area of application shifted more and more to local transport, e.g. B. with n-cars , with which they were often to be found in traffic for a long time. After the dissolution of the GDR, numerous increases in performance were recorded on non-electrified lines in the area of the former Deutsche Reichsbahn . Soon afterwards, however, the conversion of local transport to diesel railcars began. Nevertheless, machines of the 218 series were based in this area until 2005.
In 1999 the DB Regio series was assigned, meaning that goods traffic services were almost zero. In long-distance transport, the locomotives are still in use due to the lack of suitable alternatives from DB Fernverkehr . In 2000, 415 machines were active. At this time, the first scheduled decommissioning of machines that were in poor condition began.
The locomotives of the last series 218.4 and some other locomotives received time-division multiplex push-pull control / double-traction control (ZWS / ZDS) and frequency-multiplex train control (FMZ), with which they can also be used in front of double-deck push-pull trains. The locomotives were stationed in the Regensburg, Stendal, Lübeck, Braunschweig, Ulm, Hagen, Mühldorf, Karlsruhe, Rostock, Kempten, Haltingen and Kaiserslautern depots.
At the same time, Deutsche Bahn decided how to proceed with the class 218 locomotives:
The pre-production locomotives were converted into the class 225 . The locomotives with the serial numbers 101 to 399 received an overhaul until 2003, but are then to be decommissioned or handed over to DB Services (for use in front of track construction trains ) or the Sylt Shuttle . Due to the expiry of the revision periods, the last locomotives with these serial numbers will be retired from active service in 2011. In 2008 a third of these locomotives were still in use. The locomotives that switched to the Sylt Shuttle received more general inspections again in 2008 due to the increased demand for locomotives .
Since almost all locomotives with the serial numbers 400 to 499 have a time-division multiplex push- pull train control / double traction control (ZWS / ZDS) and frequency-multiplex train control (FMZ), which are suitable for double-deck push-pull trains , these machines remain in active service in front of passenger and freight trains due general inspections continued to be carried out on these locomotives.
By 2006, the number of locomotives of the 218 series at DB had dropped to around 330, as inspection periods expired and numerous areas of use were lost and / or were converted to diesel multiple units. The locomotives were distributed among the following depots:
- Bw Darmstadt
- Bw Lübeck
- Bw Oberhausen
- Bw Trier
- Bw Karlsruhe
- Bw Niebüll
- Bw Ulm
- Bw Mühldorf
- Bw Plochingen
- Bw Regensburg
- Bw Kassel
- Bw Kempten
- Bw Braunschweig
- Bw Berlin-Rummelsburg
In addition, there were services with the Sylt Shuttle , where there was a need for powerful diesel locomotives . In the following year, the stock fell below the 300 mark. While many locomotives with serial numbers from 101 to 399 retired from active service, the locomotives of the fourth series continued to receive general inspections . Numerous decommissioned locomotives were scrapped. At DB Fernverkehr they thought about purchasing new locomotives for the car trains to Sylt (Sylt Shuttle) , in particular as a replacement for the 215.9 series, but also for some 218 series locomotives that were in poor condition. Nevertheless, the series 218.3 locomotives began to be fully inspected. In June 2014, seven class 245 locomotives were ordered for the Sylt Shuttle. Also DB Services and DB railway construction took some locomotives of the series 218th
In addition, the Lübeck railway depot , which used to be home to many locomotives of this series, was closed. On the other hand, many locomotives for the Sylt Shuttle still received general inspections. This ensures the future of the 218 series on the Sylt Shuttle for the time being.
In March 2008, 235 machines were still active, which makes up about 60 percent of the series locomotives. Since further revision periods expired and the locomotives were apparently no longer needed, the number fell to 227 machines by the end of May 2008.
In addition, almost all machines of the class 215.9 were z-provided by DB Autozug , because the motorization of these locomotives for the car trains proved to be too weak and therefore locomotives of the class 218 are preferred.
DB Autozug had locomotives of the 218 series inspected in 2008, as the inspection periods for many locomotives would expire and there would otherwise be a lack of locomotives. Only locomotives with the serial number 300–399 were subjected to a general inspection for the Sylt Shuttle, as these machines are still quite young and numerous DB Regio machines have become vacant. In June 2008, two more machines were z-provided because the revision deadlines had expired. No general inspection was carried out on these locomotives. The Regensburg depot has no longer housed class 218 locomotives since December 2008, as most of the services in the Nuremberg area were transferred to modern class 648 motor coaches or class 628 motor coaches that were formerly Kempten . The remaining services, the covering of individual aid trains and the then regional express to Prague were taken over by Kempten locomotives. In order to exchange the locomotives for inspection, the train pair RE 37700/37701 Nuremberg - Augsburg and back was always driven with two of these locomotives at the weekend. At the same time, the use of class 218 locomotives on the Teckbahn also ended . These services are now provided by the class 650 .
In August 2008 it was announced that from 2010 no further main inspections would be carried out. Nevertheless, DB Services surprisingly decided to buy some class 218 locomotives and have them fully inspected. DB Gleisbau also thought about buying some machines and bought a few copies. At the beginning of August 2008, around 225 machines from the 218 series were still active. Then the inventory decreased continuously due to the expiry of the revision periods. The depot gave some machines to other departments. At the beginning of October 2008, 205 machines were still active. At the same time, the DB suggested using class 218 locomotives instead of class 225 in freight service, as many of the revision periods for class 225 locomotives expired earlier.
At the end of 2017 there were still 106 locomotives.
Some locomotives were sold to private railways; at the end of 2017, twelve locomotives were in service with these.
future
Loss of service routes due to tenders, replacement by new diesel multiple units or those that have become vacant elsewhere, as well as isolated route electrification have severely restricted the field of tasks of diesel locomotive-hauled passenger trains in recent years. After the other series of the V-160 family had already been withdrawn or were only used in freight traffic, the 218 was essentially the only diesel locomotive until 2013 (when the 245 series was commissioned ) that still hauled passenger trains on the DB. Thus she is increasingly affected by the above changes and becomes increasingly unemployed. In particular, older locomotives that are in poor condition are more frequently shut down when the deadline has expired or when major damage occurs.
The only places where the 218 series has a reasonably secure future are Ulm , Kempten (Allgäu) and Mühldorf am Inn . Nevertheless, performance losses are also foreseeable there. With the electrification of the Allgäu Railway and loss of traffic in the Augsburg 1 diesel network, the 218s at the Ulm depot will be replaced by the 245s stationed in Kempten. In return, the stock of the 218 series will be reduced in Kempten.
In April 2011, DB signed a framework agreement with Bombardier Transportation for 200 mainline diesel locomotives. DB Cargo also received four Siemens Vectron DE locomotives for test use on diesel routes .
Parked locomotives are kept in DB's standstill management in the Hamm (Westphalia) marshalling yard. Many private railways buy these locomotives and have them reconditioned for operation. Since the Hamm standstill management was dissolved in 2019, the majority of the locomotives were transferred to the newly created standstill management in Leipzig-Engelsdorf. The 10 years Südostbayernbahn -218 440, for example, was shut down for scrapping.
Duration
The 218 series was owned by private railways and DB AG. Stored locomotives, spare parts donors and locomotives with an unknown whereabouts are also on this list. (As of July 2020)
| Vehicle number
(92 80 1xxx xxx-x) |
Operator designation | operator | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 218 002-4 | 225 802-8 | EGP | EGP painting, operational |
| 218 003-2 | 218 003-2 | TFT | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 005-7 | 225 805-1 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Chemnitz, not operational |
| 218 006-5 | 225 806-9 | LWF | traffic red, spare parts dispenser after a rear-end collision in 2016 in Helmstedt , not operational |
| 218 009-9 | 225 809-3 | RPRS | traffic red, sold to Railsystems RP GmbH in 2019, not operational |
| 218 011-5 | 225 811-9 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Chemnitz, not operational |
| 218 105-5 | 218 105-5 | NESA | red / beige "TEE paint", operational |
| 218 117-0 | 218 117-0 | ELBA | Heros paintwork, operational |
| 218 125-3 | 218 125-3 | EGP | traffic red, spare parts dispenser EGP, not operational |
| 218 128-7 | 218 128-7 | DB | ocean blue / beige, inventory DB Regio AG, permanent loan to the Association for the Preservation of Historic Locomotives eV, Euskirchen, not operational |
| 218 137-8 | 218 137-8 | DB | CityBahn painting, DB Museum, Koblenz-Lützel site |
| 218 139-4 | 218 139-4 | ELV | old red, operational |
| 218 153-5 | 218 153-5 | ENON | EGP painting, not operational |
| 218 155-0 | 218 155-0 | NESA | old red, operational |
| 218 156-8 | 218 156-8 | DB | orient red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 810-0
(formerly 218 159-2) |
218 810-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 161-8 | 218 161-8 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 163-4 | 218 163-4 | TFT | traffic red, sold to Train4Train GmbH in 2018, not operational |
| 218 164-2 | 218 164-2 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 184-0 | 218 184-0 | DB | old red, "conference locomotive" in AW Bremen, not operational |
| 218 812-6
(formerly 218 188-1) |
218 812-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 813-4
(formerly 218 189-9) |
218 813-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 191-5 | 218 191-5 | MZE | traffic red, operational |
| 218 201-2 | 218 201-2 | EGP | EGP painting, operational |
| 218 202-0 | 218 202-0 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 203-8 | 218 203-8 | ELBA | traffic red, sold to ELBA Logistik GmbH in 2016, not operational |
| 218 204-6 | 218 204-6 | ELBA | traffic red, sold to ELBA Logistik GmbH, not operational |
| 218 205-3 | 218 205-3 | ENON | EGP painting, not operational |
| 218 208-7 | 218 208-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 211-1 | 218 211-1 | DB | traffic red, inventory DB Regio AG, permanent loan to Arbeitsgemeinschaft Historische Brennkraftlokomotiven eV Frankfurt, not operational |
| 218 212-9 | 218 212-9 | DB | Udo Lindenberg special train to Pankow stickers, inventory of the DB Museum in Nuremberg, permanent loan to the Amorbach adventure station, not operational |
| 218 214-5 | 218 214-5 | ELBA | yellow, sold to ELBA Logistik GmbH in 2016, parked in Bietigheim-Bissingen, not operational |
| 218 217-8 | 218 217-8 | DB | traffic red, DB Museum Nuremberg, not operational |
| 218 219-4 | 218 219-4 | RPRS | traffic red, sold in 2020 by Heros Rail to Railsystems RP as a spare parts donor, not operational |
| 218 220-2 | 218 220-2 | DB | traffic red (with the inscription "DB AutoZug SyltShuttle"), parked at SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 223-6 | 218 223-6 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 224-4 | 218 224-4 | ENON | traffic red, parked Eberswalde, not operational |
| 218 225-1 | 218 225-1 | DB | traffic red, inventory of the DB Museum in Nuremberg, permanent loan to the Historische Eisenbahn Mannheim eV, not operational |
| 218 824-1
(formerly 218 233-5) |
218 824-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 825-8
(formerly 218 237-6) |
218 825-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 241-8 | 218 241-8 | ELBA | traffic red, sold to ELBA Logistik GmbH in 2016, not operational |
| 218 249-1 | 218 249-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 256-6 | 218 256-6 | ELBA | Heros paintwork, operational |
| 218 261-6 | 218 261-6 | DB | traffic red, not operational |
| 218 272-3 | 218 272-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 277-2 | 218 277-2 | EGP | orient red, spare parts dispenser EGP, not operational |
| 218 287-1 | 218 287-1 | DB | yellow, spare parts dispenser, parked track construction yard Augsburg, not operational |
| 218 837-3
(formerly 218 303-6) |
218 837-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 304-4 | 218 304-4 | DB | yellow, operational |
| 218 830-8
(formerly 218 305-1) |
218 830-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 307-7 | 218 307-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 308-5 | 218 308-5 | HERO | Heros paintwork, operational |
| 218 313-5 | 218 313-5 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 314-3 | 218 314-3 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 315-0 | 218 315-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 839-9
(formerly 218 317-6) |
218 839-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 319-2 | 218 319-2 | RPRS | orient red, operational |
| 218 321-8 | 218 321-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 322-6 | 218 322-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 326-7 | 218 326-7 | DB | traffic red, spare parts donor, parked Ulm-Söflingen, not operational |
| 218 329-1 | 218 329-1 | DB | traffic red, parked AW Cottbus |
| 218 330-9 | 218 330-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 333-3 | 218 333-3 | LEL | traffic red, sold to Usedomer Eisenbahn Gesellschaft in 2019, not operational |
| 218 338-2 | 218 338-2 | DB | traffic red, last 218 with Pielstick engine, inventory DB Regio AG, permanent loan to Historische Eisenbahnfahrzeuge Lübeck eV, not operational |
| 218 340-8 | 218 340-8 | RTTS | traffic red, 2018 to RailTransport-Stift sro, Šluknov [CZ], not operational |
| 218 341-6 | 218 341-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 342-4 | 218 342-4 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 343-2 | 218 343-2 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 344-0 | 218 344-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 345-7 | 218 345-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 346-5 | 218 346-5 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 348-1 | 218 348-1 | / | altrot, Friends of Historical Railway Mühldorf eV, Mühldorf, spare parts donor, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 350-7 | 218 350-7 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 351-5 | 218 351-5 | DB | traffic red, spare parts dispenser, parked in Ulm, not operational |
| 218 356-4 | 218 356-4 | RPRS | Traffic red, fire on April 14, 2014 in Munich South, Railsystems RP spare parts dispenser, parked at WISAG Brieske , not operational |
| 218 832-4
(formerly 218 357-2) |
218 832-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 359-8 | 218 359-8 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 362-2 | 218 362-2 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 363-0 | 218 363-0 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 366-3 | 218 366-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 834-0
(formerly 218 367-1) |
218 834-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 369-7 | 218 369-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 835-7
(formerly 218 370-5) |
218 835-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 371-3 | 218 371-3 | RPRS | traffic red, sold on July 3rd, 2020 to Railsystems RP as a spare parts donor, not operational |
| 218 372-1 | 218 372-1 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 838-1
(formerly 218 373-9) |
218 838-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 376-2 | 218 376-2 | RPRS | traffic red, not operational |
| 218 377-0 | 218 377-0 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 379-6 | 218 379-6 | DB | traffic red, last operational DB-218 with rubber windows, operational |
| 218 380-4 | 218 380-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 381-2 | 218 381-2 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige with blue roof, operational |
| 218 833-2
(formerly 218 383-8) |
218 833-2 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 385-3 | 218 385-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 386-1 | 218 386-1 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 387-9 | 218 387-9 | DB | old red, spare parts donor, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 836-5
(formerly 218 388-7) |
218 836-5 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 389-5 | 218 389-5 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 390-3 | 304 | MEG | traffic red, operational |
| 218 391-1 | Locomotive 41 | DB | yellow, operational |
| 218 392-9 | 218 392-9 | DB | yellow, additional headlights, operational |
| 218 393-7 | 218 393-7 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 831-6
(formerly 218 394-5) |
218 831-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 396-0 | 218 396-0 | BEG | green / beige, operational |
| 218 397-8 | 218 397-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 399-4
(formerly 215 112-4) |
218 399-4 | ELBA | 215 112 was rebuilt after an accident on November 27, 1973 near Horb as 218 399. At the end of 2014, the locomotive was made by DB Systemtechnik
sold to ELBA Logistik GmbH. |
| 218 400-0 | 218 400-0 | RPRS | traffic red, sold in 2017 by DB Regio to Railsystems RP as a spare parts donor, not operational |
| 218 401-8 | 218 401-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 402-6 | 218 402-6 | RPRS | orient red, operational |
| 218 403-4 | 218 403-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 404-2 | 218 404-2 | DB | traffic red, parked in Mühldorf (Upper Bavaria), not operational |
| 218 405-9 | 218 405-9 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 406-7 | 218 406-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 407-5 | 218 407-5 | RIS | traffic red, sold in 2019 by DB Regio to Regio Infra Service Sachsen GmbH as a spare parts donor, parked in Berthelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 408-3 | 218 408-3 | DB | traffic red, spare parts donor Westfrankenbahn , parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf |
| 218 409-1 | 218 409-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 410-9 | 218 410-9 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 411-7 | 218 411-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 412-5 | 218 412-5 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 413-3 | 218 413-3 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 414-1 | 218 414-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 415-8 | 218 415-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 416-6 | 218 416-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 417-4 | 218 417-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 418-2 | 218 418-2 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 419-0 | 218 419-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 420-8 | 218 420-8 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 421-6 | 218 421-6 | DB | traffic red, parked in Mühldorf (Upper Bavaria), not operational |
| 218 422-4 | 218 422-4 | DB | traffic red, parked in Mühldorf (Upper Bavaria), not operational |
| 218 423-2 | 218 423-2 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 424-0 | 218 424-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 425-7 | 218 425-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 426-5 | 218 426-5 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 427-3 | 218 427-3 | DB | traffic red, parked Ulm, not operational |
| 218 428-1 | 218 428-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 429-9 | 218 429-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 430-7 | 218 430-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 431-5 | 218 431-5 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 432-3 | 218 432-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 433-1 | 218 433-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 434-9 | 218 434-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 435-6 | 218 435-6 | DB | traffic red, parked AW Cottbus, not operational |
| 218 436-4 | 218 436-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 438-0 | 218 438-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 439-8 | 218 439-8 | RPRS | traffic red, sold by DB Regio to Railsystems RP in 2019, parked at WISAG Brieske, not operational |
| 218 441-4
(First occupation) |
218 500-7 | DB | traffic red, accident on 02/18/1999 in Immenstadt, driver's cab 1, converted with DB standard driver's cab , is a monument in the AW Bremen with the inscription "218 500-7" |
| 218 442-2 | 218 442-2 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 443-0 | 218 443-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 444-8 | 218 444-8 | PRESS | traffic red, sold to the Pressnitztalbahn railway construction and operating company in 2018, not operational |
| 218 445-5 | 218 445-5 | FLEX | traffic red, sold to Flex Bahndienstleistungen GmbH, Leipzig, parked at WLE , not operational |
| 218 446-3 | 218 446-3 | DB | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 447-1 | 218 447-1 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 448-9 | 218 054-3 | PRESS | blue, operational |
| 218 449-7 | 218 449-7 | DB | yellow, operational |
| 218 450-5 | 218 450-5 | LWF | traffic red, operational |
| 218 451-3 | 218 451-3 | LWF | traffic red, operational |
| 218 452-1 | 218 452-1 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 453-9 | 218 453-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 454-7 | 218 056-? | PRESS | blue, operational |
| 218 455-4 | 218 455-4 | EFW | old red, operational |
| 218 456-2 | 218 456-2 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 457-0 | 218 457-0 | AIX | traffic red, AIXRail GmbH, operational |
| 218 458-8 | 218 055-2 | PRESS | blue, operational |
| 218 459-6 | 218 459-6 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 460-4 | 218 460-4 "Conny" | DB | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 461-2 | 218 461-2 | AIX | traffic red, sold to AIXRail GmbH in 2020, not operational |
| 218 462-0 | 218 462-0 | PRESS | traffic red, sold to the Pressnitztalbahn railway construction and operating company in 2019, not operational |
| 218 463-8 | 218 463-8 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 464-6 | 218 464-6 | DB | traffic red, spare parts dispenser, parked in Ulm, not operational |
| 218 465-3 | 218 465-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 466-1 | 218 466-1 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 467-9 | 218 467-9 | MEG | traffic red, operational |
| 218 468-7 | 218 468-7 | RIS | RIS paintwork, operational |
| 218 469-5 | 218 469-5 "Betty Boom" | RPRS | traffic red (with "Betty Boom" label), operational |
| 218 470-3 | 218 470-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 471-1 | 218 471-1 | DB | yellow, operational |
| 218 472-9 | 218 472-9 | POWER | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 473-7 | 218 473-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 474-5 | 218 474-5 | ? | traffic red, sold to in 2020?, not operational |
| 218 476-0 | 218 476-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 477-8 | 218 477-8 | DB | yellow, additional headlights, operational |
| 218 480-2 | 218 480-2 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 481-0 | 218 481-0 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 482-8 | 218 482-8 | DB | traffic red, whereabouts unknown |
| 218 483-6 | 218 483-6 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 484-4 | 218 484-4 | DB | traffic red, theoretically operational, but parked in Karlsruhe without extending the main inspection |
| 218 485-1 | 218 485-1 | AIX | traffic red, sold to AIXRail GmbH in 2018, not operational |
| 218 486-9 | 218 486-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 487-7 | 218 487-7 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 488-5 | 218 488-5 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 489-3 | 218 489-3 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 490-1 | 218 490-1 | RPRS | ocean blue / beige, operational |
| 218 491-9 | 218 491-9 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 492-7 | 218 492-7 | RSBG | claret, working |
| 218 493-5 | 218 493-5 | DB | traffic red, parked SSM Leipzig-Engelsdorf, not operational |
| 218 494-3 | 218 494-3 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 495-0 | 218 495-0 | DB | traffic red, parked AW Cottbus, not operational |
| 218 496-8 | 218 496-8 | DB | traffic red, parked AW Cottbus, spare parts dispenser, not operational |
| 218 497-6 | 218 497-6 | DB | traffic red, parked AW Cottbus, spare parts dispenser, not operational |
| 218 498-4 | 218 498-4 | DB | traffic red, operational |
| 218 499-2 | 218 499-2 | DB | traffic red, farewell trip on May 18, 2019 due to expiry of the deadline, due to a lack of locomotives at DB Fernverkehr, a new general inspection was carried out, operational |
literature
- Matthias Maier: Diesel locomotives of German railways . alba, Düsseldorf 1997, ISBN 3-87094-155-3 .
- Malte Werning, Andreas Burow: The V 160 family. The all-rounders of the Federal Railroad: BR 210, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219 . GeraMond Verlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-7654-7106-2 .
- Markus Hehl: Railway Courier Special . German diesel locomotives. No. 72 . EK-Verlag, Freiburg.
- Olaf Hamelau: The diesel locomotive BR 218: on the move in Schleswig-Holstein " . In memory of the Flensburg and Lübeck depots. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2012, ISBN 978-3-95400-041-8 .
- For diesel locomotive development for the DB . In: Lok Magazin . Issue 57, December 1972, p. 430-434 .
Web links
- Inge and Klaus D. Holzborn: Class 218. In: v160.de. Retrieved January 23, 2018 .
- Michael Grießmayr: The V160 family. In: deutsche-lokomotiven.de. Retrieved January 23, 2018 .
- Christian Sender: The V 160. In: epoche-3.de. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012 ; accessed on January 23, 2018 .
- Class 218 on Bahn-Galerie.de
- Start of a DB 218 locomotive on youtube.com (video, April 24, 2006, 268 × 240 pixels, 28 seconds)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sample leaflet on railway operations. (PDF; 992 KiB) Committee on Fire Brigade Matters, Disaster Control and Civil Defense at AK V of the IMK, December 2000, p. 16 , archived from the original on February 21, 2016 ; accessed on February 21, 2017 .
- ↑ www.revisionsdaten.de - The ONLINE vehicle database on the Internet. Retrieved July 25, 2020 .
- ↑ Turntable Online Forums :: 49 - Fahrzeiten-Forum :: Overpasses 218 423 and 218 387 Mühldorf - Bremen - Cottbus 16./17.03. Retrieved July 25, 2020 .
- ↑ Turntable Online Forums :: 02 - General Forum :: 218 transfer yesterday evening from Mühldorf towards Munich. Retrieved July 25, 2020 .
- ↑ www.revisionsdaten.de - The ONLINE vehicle database on the Internet. Retrieved July 25, 2020 .
- ↑ Timetable change - the most important changes at the Westfrankenbahn (WFB). (No longer available online.) In: deutschebahn.com. Deutsche Bahn AG, December 8, 2017, archived from the original on December 12, 2017 ; accessed on October 17, 2019 (press release).
- ↑ Deutsche Bahn orders seven TRAXX multi-engine diesel locomotives for the Sylt Shuttle. Deutsche Bahn AG, June 6, 2014, archived from the original on July 14, 2014 ; accessed on January 23, 2018 (press release).
- ↑ Georg Dillinger, Felix Löffelholz: 50 years - and not a bit quiet. In: railway magazine . No. 1 , 2018, ISSN 0342-1902 , p. 36 .
- ↑ Georg Dillinger, Felix Löffelholz: 50 years - and not a bit quiet. In: railway magazine . No. 1 , 2018, ISSN 0342-1902 , p. 38 .
- ↑ Bombardier Transportation signs a framework agreement with DB Regio AG for the delivery of 200 innovative TRAXX multi-engine diesel locomotives. Bombardier, April 18, 2011; archived from the original on January 18, 2013 ; accessed on January 23, 2018 (press release).
- ↑ www.revisionsdaten.de - The ONLINE vehicle database on the Internet. Retrieved July 27, 2020 .
- ↑ inselbahn.de - Current. Retrieved July 27, 2020 .
- ↑ Turntable Online Forums :: 09 - Revision Data and Statistics Forum :: Press 218 056. Accessed on July 28, 2020 .