Berne
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Coordinates: 53 ° 11 ′ N , 8 ° 29 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Wesermarsch | |
| Height : | 6 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 85.21 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6889 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 81 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 27804 | |
| Primaries : | 04406, 0421, 04408 | |
| License plate : | BRA | |
| Community key : | 03 4 61 001 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BEA | |
| Community structure: | 51 districts | |
| Association administration address: | Am Breithof 6 27804 Berne |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Hartmut Schierenstedt (independent) | |
| Location of the municipality of Berne in the Wesermarsch district | ||
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Berne is a municipality in the Wesermarsch district in Lower Saxony , Germany .
geography
location
The municipality of Berne is located in the southern part of the Wesermarsch . The community has an area of 85 km² and is located at the mouth of the river Berne (about 5 meters wide, hence also "Bach") in the Ollen , a tributary of the Hunte . The sparsely populated and largely agricultural area consists mainly of marshland. There are larger moor areas in the south of the municipality. Today's municipality is part of the historic Stedingen landscape , which essentially comprised the area of the municipality of Lemwerder and the neighboring municipality of Berne.
Neighboring communities
The municipality is bounded in the northwest by the Hunte and in the northeast by the Lower Weser . The Weser also forms the border with the Bremen district of Blumenthal . To the southeast, Berne borders on the municipality of Lemwerder and to the south on the municipalities of Hude and Ganderkesee, which are part of the Oldenburg district . The town of Elsfleth is located north-northwest of Berne .
Community structure
The municipality of Berne today consists of the districts of Bäke , Bardenfleth , Berne (Kernort), Bernebüttel , Bettingbühren , Buttel , Buttlerhörne , Campe , Coldewei , Dreisielen , Füllje , Ganspe , Ganspe Außenendeich , Glüsing , Hannöver , Harmenhausen , Hekelermoor , Hekel , Hiddigwarden , Hiddigwardermoor , Hunte bridge , Juliusplate , Katjenbüttel , mutt end , Lichtenbergersiel , Motzen , Neuenhuntorf , Neuenhuntorfersiel , Neuenhuntorfermoor , Neuenkoop , Neumühlen , Ochholt , Ohrt , coils , Ollenermoor , pile Hausen , satchel constable , Schlüte , Schlüter castle , Schlüter dike , Warfleth , Wehrder , Wehrderhöhle and Weserdeich . The administrative seat is in Berne.
Nature reserves
In the municipality are:
- the Juliusplate nature reserve . It is a nature reserve northeast of Berne on the left bank of the Weser on the former Weser island of the same name . It is around 79 hectares and has been a nature reserve since December 13, 2007.
- the 182 hectare “Wittemoor” as part of the Holler and Wittemoor nature reserve .
The responsible lower nature conservation authority is the Wesermarsch district.
history
middle Ages
1063 gave away Emperor Henry IV . the unprotected marshland around Berne to the Bremen church. Archbishop Adalbert von Bremen allowed the Dutch immigrants to settle in free hereditary property according to Dutch law . About 100 years later, the Stedinger started to build the dyke for flood protection .
In the 13th century, the Stedinger protested in the then Bernese St. Agidius Church against the feudal rule of the sovereign Archbishop Gerhard II of Bremen . The oppression, but also the protest, increased. In 1233/34 there was the Stedinger War , a crusade by the Archdiocese of Bremen against the Stedinger people. In the battle of Altenesch the archbishop and his allies were victorious and the Stedinger were further suppressed.
The Archbishop had the church of Berne demolished except for the tower and the north wall. The Aegidius Church was rebuilt around 1240 as a Gothic hall church and the existing tower was included. The St. Mary's Church in the Warfleth district was built around 1350 . The St. Marien Church in the Neuenhuntorf district was built from 1489.
15th to 19th century
After the marshland developed into a fertile marshland, a modest life could be made possible through cattle breeding and agriculture. Cattle breeding prospered; the export of the cattle allowed for a certain prosperity.
In 1601, Count Anton approved the Bern market , which established a long tradition. It was the high point of the year in which all classes of the population took part in trade, song, games and dance.
The Good Neuenhuntorf was 1678 dikemaster Anton Günther von Munnich built. The future Russian field marshal and statesman Burkhard Christoph von Münnich spent his youth here . From 1750 cattle markets were held.
The marsh farmers could achieve a limited prosperity in the 17th to 19th centuries, while the peat farmers had only the bare minimum. In the dike district on the Weser also numerous fishing, boat skippers and sailors lived. Shipping on the Weser led to the establishment of a number of small boat builders and medium-sized shipyards. Yachts and special ships are still manufactured here today.
The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg built a connecting road in the Wesermarsch between 1856 and 1869, which was built with local clinker bricks for reasons of economy. From this, today's federal highway 212 developed .
In 1873 the railway line from Hude to Brake was built with a connection from Berne. The transport of cattle was made much easier. The Stedinger dairy was founded soon thereafter.
Modern times
Since the 19th century the area of today's municipality of Berne was divided into the municipalities of Berne, Neuenhuntorf and Warfleth, which belonged to the Oldenburg office of Elsfleth . In 1933, Berne, Neuenhuntorf and Warfleth were merged with the communities of Altenesch and Bardewisch to form the community of Stedingen in the Wesermarsch district. On April 1, 1948, the community of Stedingen was dissolved again and divided into the communities of Berne and Altenesch. Neuenhuntorf and Warfleth remained as part of Berne.
The Huntebrück lift bridge was built between 1951 and 1953.
On December 10, 2015, the new bascule bridge over the Hunte, about 40 m north of the existing lift bridge, was opened to traffic.
Population development
The population of the community has been hovering around the 7,000 mark relatively constantly since 2000.
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As of January 1st, from 2007 on December 31st of the specified year.
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(as of December 31st)
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council of the municipality of Berne consists of 18 councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 6,001 and 7,000. The 18 council members are elected by local elections for five years each. The new term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021. The full-time mayor is also entitled to vote in the municipal council.
The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the result opposite.
The CDU became the strongest force with slight losses and achieved 6 seats with 34.74%. With a 1.8% loss of votes, the SPD, the ruling and strongest party in Berne for many years, was replaced with only 15 votes and was the second strongest party behind the Christian Democrats. It reached 34.58% and also 6 seats.
Among the small, the Bürgerforum Berne, a socially oriented group of voters, became the third strongest force with gains and replaced the Greens. The citizens' forum reached 13.58% and 3 seats. The Greens lost one seat and only achieved two seats at 13.11%.
Die Linke was surprisingly successful. With 3.96% and only one candidate, she made it into the municipal council after missing him in 2011. It will be represented in the new council by a councilor.
The turnout in the 2016 local elections was 56.13%.
mayor
In the mayor election on September 24, 2017, the individual applicant Hartmut Schierenstedt was elected full-time mayor. An exciting election evening ended with one more vote (50.01%) for the elected candidate. Schierenstedt succeeds Franz Bittner in office, who was successful in 2009 with an election result of 67.11%, but did not run again.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the municipality is divided. The upper half shows two horses symbolizing the importance of horse breeding. The lower half shows a boat as a symbol for shipbuilding. The colors red, gold and blue come from the coat of arms of the Counts of Oldenburg , who conquered this area as the first Frisian area.
Partnerships
- Since 2001, a community partnership with the approximately 1,200 kilometers from the Hungarian community Vértessomló . It is around 1.5 hours drive from Budapest in the direction of Lake Balaton . The next larger city is the university town of Tatabánya .
- Berne is represented in the Lower Saxony / Bremen municipal association.
Culture and sights
- Arboretum Neuenkoop
- Berne culture mill
Museums
- Local history museum Berne
- The small vintage car museum in Berne-Bardenfleth
Buildings
- St. Aegidius Church , Berne (around 1240), three-aisled Gothic hall church , from 1590 to 1596 master Reinhard Lampeler from Brabant built the organ, altar and pulpit from Ludwig Münstermann's workshop
- St. Mary's Church in the Warfleth district, built around 1350
- St. Marien Church in the Neuenhuntorf district, built around 1500
- Gut Neuenhuntorf was built in 1678 by Oberdeichgraf Anton Günther von Münnich . His son Burkhard Christoph von Münnich (1683–1767), Russian field marshal and statesman, was born here. A pipe system in the manor garden, with which ponds, ditches and water basins were connected, is remarkable. The ebb and flow of tides ensured a permanent fresh water supply from the river Hunte through the pipes.
- Former synagogue
- Beep-hammer Siel
- Black Lighthouse Warfleth on the Warflether Sand (not to be confused with the Black Lighthouse Lemwerder )
- Leading light line Berne on the banks of the Weser
- Leading light line Juliusplate on the banks of the Weser
- Huntebrück lift bridge , Lower Saxony monument, built between 1951 and 1953
- Orifice pumping stations:
- Moan
- Lichtenberg (named after a settlement on the opposite bank of the Hunte in Elsfleth )
- Neuhuntorf
St. Aegidius Church in Berne
St. Mary's Church in Warfleth
St. Marien Church in Neuenhuntorf
Disused lighthouse on the Warflether Sand
Joint sub-fire Berne-Juliusplate
Former Huntebrück lift bridge
New bascule and old lift bridge 2016
Regular events
- Bernese evening music in the St. Aegidius Church
- Berner Ollenfest, u. a. with dragon boat races and canoe polo, takes place every two years
- Bern Book Weeks, every two years
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The municipality of Berne is connected to the A28 motorway via the federal highway 212 . In the district of Berne, the federal highway 74 joins the federal highway 212. The B74 leads as part of a ferry connection over the Weser to Farge and merges into the A270 highway on the Bremen Weser side .
The two ferry connections Blumenthal – Motzen and Berne – Farge exist between the Lower Saxony municipality and the opposite Bremen district of Blumenthal , both of which are operated by the ferry company Ferry Bremen – Stedingen . The car ferries Stedingen , Juliusplate and Berne-Farge are used . Both ferry stations are served around the clock at different intervals.
Berne station is on the Hude – Nordenham railway line . Since mid-December 2010 it has been served by the Regional S-Bahn Bremen / Lower Saxony through the NordwestBahn. Local buses operated by Weser-Ems Busverkehr GmbH are responsible for the fine development and the connection with neighboring towns .
Three long-distance cycle paths lead through the municipality . The Deutsche Sielroute is a long-distance cycle route through the Wesermarsch district . It has a length of 220 kilometers and is mainly characterized by the typical landscape of the Wesermarsch. The Weserradweg is a 491 kilometer long long-distance cycle path from Hann. Münden to Cuxhaven along the Weser. The Hunter cycle path follows the Hunte from its confluence with the Weser near Elsfleth to the Dümmer .
Established businesses
Various larger production and craft businesses have settled in the municipality along the Weser. Mention should be made of the ship and boat yards Fr. Fassmer & Co. in Motzen and Bardenfleth , Fr. Lürssen Werft GmbH & Co. KG in Warfleth , and the civil engineering company Wussow Kanalbau- und Pflasterbetriebs GmbH . Another company is the Aljo Aluminum-Bau GmbH in Berne, a company specializing in the aluminum construction, including in the field of aerospace engineering and marine engineering works.
media
The municipality of Berne is located in the catchment area of the Nordwest-Zeitung with its local section "Wesermarsch-Zeitung" and the Weser-Kurier with its regional edition "Die Norddeutsche".
There were several newspapers in Berne between 1864 and 1970, of which the Stedinger Bote was the most important.
The first newspaper in Berne was Der Stedinger , which appeared from October 1, 1864 to August 5, 1865 and was printed in Berne. According to the political tendency it was independent. All editions are archived in the Oldenburg State Library . From January 4, 1868 the Stedinger Bote und Anzeiger for Elsfleth appeared . The subtitle of the sheet changed:
- 1874 to 1876:… and anzeiger for Elsfleth u. Butjadingen
- 1876 to 1885: Advertisement for Hude, Elsfleth and Butjadingen
- 1886 to 1910: Advertisement for Elsfleth, Hude and Butjadingen
- 1910/11: Without subtitles
- 1911 to 1914: General-Anzeiger for Berne, Elsfleth, Hude u. Neighborhood
- 1914 to 1935: Central organ for the Stedinger Land
- 1935 to 1941: local newspaper for the Stedinger Land.
- 1949 to 1970: apparently without subtitles
The newspaper was printed in Berne except for a short period from 1910 to 1913 when the paper was printed in Delmenhorst . The political tendency was independent until 1933. The first post-war edition appeared on December 1, 1949, and was discontinued in 1970. From 1888 onwards, various supplements were also published. The years 1868 to 1940 and from 1949 to 1970 are archived in the Oldenburg State Library. In 1908/1909, the Stedinger Tageblatt appeared at short notice as a competitor to the Bote , which was printed in Delmenhorst and finally bought up by the Bote .
education
There are two primary schools in Berne that are run as reliable primary schools . Their sponsorship lies with the municipality. The secondary school in the municipality is the Schulzentrum Berne , a secondary and secondary school with all-day courses . The school center is sponsored by the Wesermarsch district. Also in the sponsorship of the district is a branch of the Kreisvolkshochschule Wesermarsch.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Heinrich Vollers (1583–1656), househusband in Schlüte (farmer), surveyor, auditor, organist and chronicler. ´
- Hermann Mylius von Gnadenfeld (née Müller) (1603–1657), councilor and envoy of Count Anton Günther (Oldenburg)
- Anton Günther von Münnich (née Mönnich) (1650–1721), Deichgraf
- Johann Rudolf von Münnich (1678–1730), Deichgraf
- Burkhard Christoph von Münnich (1683–1767), engineer, Russian field marshal and statesman
- Christian Karsten Hinrich Kruse (1753–1827), university professor and head of the grammar school and teacher training college in Oldenburg
- Christoph Friedrich Mentz (1765–1832), cartographer and district president in Oldenburg
- Emilie Bendel (1839–1915), German educator, school founder and women's rights activist
- Georg Wilhelm Ferdinand von Amann (1839–1928), royal Prussian general of the infantry
- Johannes Meyer-Ellerhorst (1857–1933), lawyer born in the Harmenhausen district and president of the state administration
- Diedrich Schmidt (1868–1939), first teacher, then brick factory owner, member of the state parliament in Oldenburg
- Max Rumpf (1878–1953), sociologist and university professor
- Bernhard Wellmann (1890–1964), businessman and FDP politician
- Johann Friedrich Lange (1891–1968), German dialect writer
- Paul de Bruyn (1907–1997), German marathon runner
- Claus Kanngiesser (* 1944), cellist and music professor
- Dieter Bohlen (* 1954), musician and music producer
- Karin Logemann (* 1961), politician (SPD), member of the Lower Saxony state parliament
- Felix Eikmeier (* 1992), German canoe polo player
Associated with Berne
- Diedrich Konrad Muhle (1780–1869), worked as a catechist in Berne from 1810 to 1815
- Karl-Hans Lagershausen (1924–1988), farmer and politician (CDU), mayor of the municipality of Berne, member of the Lower Saxony Landtag and the German Bundestag
- Björn Thümler (* 1970), politician (CDU), member of the Lower Saxony state parliament, grew up in Berne and lives in Berne
literature
- Hermann Lübbing, Oldenburg. Historical contours. Festschrift for the 70th birthday. Oldenburg (Heinz Holzberg Verlag) 1971 p. 57 ISBN 3-87358-045-4
- Lübben: History of the community of Neuenhuntorf . Oldenburg 1903
- W. Runge: The St. Mary's Church in Warfleth . Oldenburg 1981
- W. Warntjen: History of the Catechetical School and the Higher Citizens School in Berne . Oldenburg 1918
- Trensky, Detering: St. Aegidius zu Berne, AD 1960 . 1960
- Richter, Lüken, Schmidt, Runge: St. Aegidius zu Berne, AD 1981 . 1981
- Rohmeyer, Runge, Prochmann: Churches in Stedingerland . Stalling Verlag, 1971
- Gerold Meiners: Chronicle of the Stedinger schools (Volume 1: Former communities of Berne, Neuenhuntorf, Warfleth). Oldenburg (Kayser Verlag) 1983, 360 p. With numerous. Fig. (Review by Gerold Schmidt, in: Oldenburgische Familienkunde, Vol. 25, H. 4/1983, p. 799).
- Gerold Meiners: Stedingen and the Stedinger . Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1987
- Gerold Meiners: 100 years of the Stedingen dairy cooperative, Berne
- Gerold Meiners: History of the Stedingen Drainage Association . 1987
- Werner Vahlenkamp: Jewish families in Berne . 1994
- Heinz Huhs: Berne - Office and Bailiwick in Stedingen. Isensee Verlag, 1995
- Wolfgang Büsing, Johannes Vollers in Hasbergen. An Oldenburg country pastor in the 30-year war. In: Happiness, salvation and blessings desired. Family history and local history contributions from Oldenburg. Oldenburg (Heinz Holzberg Verlag) 1988 pp. 38-42. ISBN 3-87358-305-4 (review by Gerold Schmidt Oldenburgische Familienkunde vol. 30, no. 4/1988, pp. 766–767)
- Ursula Bernhold, Almut Setje-Eilers: The inscriptions on the stele in Berne - A documentation . Isensee Verlag Oldenburg 2018. ISBN 978-3-7308-1492-5
Web links
- Berne municipality
- Historical newspapers from the Wesermarsch in the holdings of the Oldenburg State Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ a b Municipality of Berne - figures / data / facts , accessed on April 7, 2012
- ^ Jan Zier: Small town life in Lower Saxony: In the shadow of the luxury shipyard . In: The daily newspaper: taz . September 9, 2018, ISSN 0931-9085 ( taz.de [accessed September 18, 2018]).
- ↑ LSKN-Online
- ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on April 7, 2011
- ↑ http://wahlen.kdo.de/content.php?kunde=gemeinde_berne&wahlverz=gemeinde_berne/web/201609_K__Gemeinderatswahl_2016_11.09.2016&wahlname=Gemeinderatswahl_2016_11.09.2016&atei=index.html
- ^ Berne municipality - schools , accessed on April 7, 2012
Berne | Brake (Lower Weser) | Butjadingen | Elsfleth | Jade | Lemwerder | Nordenham | Ovelgönne | Stadland
Berne part of the municipality with the farmers : Bäke | Bardenfleth | Berne (Berne) | Bernebüttel | Betting fees | Buttel | Campe | Coldewei | Three planks | Ganspe | Glüsing | Hanover | Harmenhausen | Hekelermoor | Crochet | Hiddigwarden | Hiddigwardermoor | Huntebrück | Juliusplate | Katjenbüttel | End of mutt | Motzen | Neuenhuntorf | Neuenhuntorfermoor | New co-op | Ochholt | Ohrt | Ollen | Ollenermoor | Pfahlhausen | Ranzenbüttel | Schluess | Schlueterdeich | Warfleth | Wehrder | Weser dike !