Bonndorf in the Black Forest
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Coordinates: 47 ° 49 ' N , 8 ° 21' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Freiburg | |
| County : | Waldshut | |
| Height : | 845 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 75.93 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6922 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 91 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 79848 | |
| Area code : | 07703 | |
| License plate : | WT | |
| Community key : | 08 3 37 022 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ZBD | |
| City structure: | 8 districts | |
City administration address : |
Martinstrasse 8 79848 Bonndorf in the Black Forest |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Michael Scharf | |
| Location of the town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest in the Waldshut district | ||
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Bonndorf in the Black Forest is a town in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg . It is known for its castle with fools' rooms and Japanese garden. It houses the second oldest savings bank in Germany, which was founded in 1765 by Prince Abbot Martin II Gerbert . Bonndorf is called the Lion City .
geography
Geographical location
Bonndorf is located in southwest Germany at an altitude of 600 m to 1050 m in the northeast of the Waldshut district. The city is located south of the Wutach, to which it has access via the Wutach Gorge in the district of Boll, about 18 kilometers from the Swiss border ( Stühlingen / Schleitheim ). The Schluchsee is about 15 kilometers west of Bonndorf. Bonndorf lies at the head of the Ehrenbach valley, which begins here. The wide end of the valley, which is open to the south, gave the place the name "Bonndorf in der Sonnenschale". The Ehrenbach rises in several smaller springs that unite below the castle and form the beginning of the Ehrenbach. Bonndorf's local mountain is the Lindenbuck ( 898 m ).
geology
The town of Bonndorf is located on a hill made of shell limestone that adjoins the red sandstone . The basement is cut at Wellendingen, there you can find Wellendinger granite . A variskische fault runs near Bonndorf , the Bonndorfer Graben .
Neighboring communities
The municipality of Bonndorf borders in the west on the municipality Schluchsee , in the northwest on the municipality Lenzkirch and in the north on the municipality Löffingen (all district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald ). In the east it borders on the municipality of Wutach , in the southeast on Stühlingen and in the south on Grafenhausen (all district of Waldshut ).
City structure
The town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest and 24 other villages, hamlets, farms and houses belong to the town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest with the municipalities of Boll , Brunnadern, Dillendorf , Ebnet , Gündelwangen , Holzschlag , Wellendingen and Wittlekofen , which were independent until the 1970s .
The village of Boll, the Badhof homestead ( Bad Boll ) and the Tiefental houses belong to the former municipality of Boll . The town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest within the boundaries of before the community reform in the 1970s includes the town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest, the hamlet of Sommerau, the homestead and house Öttiswald and the houses in Männleswald, Steinabad , Steinasäge and Walke. Only the villages of the same name belong to the former communities of Brunnadern and Ebnet. The village of Dillendorf and the house Dillendorfer Säge belong to the former municipality of Dillendorf . The village of Gündelwangen and the Hebsack houses belong to the former municipality of Gündelwangen. The village of Holzschlag, the hamlet of Glashütte and the Klausenhof homestead belong to the former municipality of Holzschlag. The village of Wellendingen and the Wellendinger Säge house in the Steinatal belong to the former municipality of Wellendingen. The village of Wittlekofen , the hamlet of Dobel, the Welschberg homestead and the Roggenbach house belong to the former municipality of Wittlekofen .
In the urban area are the abandoned castles Boll also Neu-Tannegg and Burg Tannegg also Alt-Tannegg and the desert of Oberhalden (former municipality of Boll); the hamlet of Waldeck, which was dissolved in Bonndorf in the Black Forest, and the desert of Gündlingen (in the area of the former town of Bonndorf in the Black Forest); the desert areas of Hornberg, Kohlhalden, Rohrhof and Saubach (former municipality of Ebnet); the desert areas of Gündlingen and Weiler (former municipality of Wellendingen); the castle ruins Roggenbach , Steinegg and the deserts Schweighof and Simonsreute in the area of the former municipality of Wittlekofen.
history
Until the 18th century
The area around Bonndorf was already settled in the Stone Age, which is indicated by finds in the Bonndorf district.
After the settlement by Celts and Germanic peoples , the area was taken over by the Alemanni around 260 . In 1877 a primer from this period was found in Bettmaringen , which today belongs to the town of Stühlingen, and Alemannic plate graves with grave supplements were also discovered.
In 496 the Alemanni became dependent on Frankish kings, whereupon their tribal areas were divided into Gaue . Bonndorf belonged to the Albgau, whose counts ruled from Gurtweil .
The first documentary mention from 1223 is now in the State Archives in Basel . In the Sankt Gallen monastery archive there is also a document from the year 800 in which a Pondorf is mentioned. It was previously assumed that the Überlinger district Bonndorf was meant, but this has at least been in doubt since 1998. The St. Gallen monastery archivist Peter Erhart considers a reference to Bonndorf in the Black Forest to be more likely, as the nearby towns of Löffingen (819), Rötenbach (819), Weizen (787), Schwaningen (766) and Grimmelshofen (809) are mentioned in the same way. gives. In addition, Ewattingen, mentioned in 797, even had a Gallus Church.
The counts were connected to the lords of Bonndorf, who had their seat on the Lindenbuck , through the feudal system. After 1290, Bonndorf passed into the possession of various foreign masters through marriage or sale. With the extinction of the von Lupfen family in 1582, an inheritance dispute arose over the area, which was finally decided by Emperor Rudolf II .
In 1609 Bonndorf was bought by the St. Blasien monastery . Through this acquisition of the imperial direct rule Bonndorf , the abbot of the monastery became secular ruler and received a seat and vote in the Swabian district council (1638).
In 1699 the dominions of Bonndorf, Gutenburg (bought by St. Blasien in 1480), Bettmaringen (given to St. Blasien in 1418) and Blumegg (bought by St. Blasien in 1433) were combined to form the Bonndorf county .
In 1746 the abbot of St. Blasien was elevated to the rank of imperial prince . The county of Bonndorf thus became a principality .
19th century
In 1803 the property of the St. Blasien Monastery was secularized . In 1806 Bonndorf finally came to the Grand Duchy of Baden - after brief rule by the Order of Malta (1803-1805) and the Kingdom of Württemberg (1805-1806) .
In 1815 Bonndorf became the Baden district office; the offices required for this, such as the district court , the notary's office or the forestry office, were added in the following years and most of them were based in Bonndorf Castle.
20th century
It was not until 1924 that the Bonndorf district office was dissolved and assigned to the Upper Black Forest district . This district was dissolved again in the course of the regional reform (1967-1975); Bonndorf fell to the district of Waldshut . At the same time, today's districts came to Bonndorf.
The name of the city comes - according to legend - from the beans with which the citizens of the town are said to have expressed their opinion in votes. Other sources base the city's name on the Celtic buona , which is said to come either from the word baunos (built, inhabited) or from the words boum , bôm , bôn (from the Celtic bona - tree). According to the second interpretation, Bonndorf is the village with the trees .
The town charter was awarded Bonndorf 1891, 1935 has been withdrawn. In 1951 Bonndorf received its town charter back from Baden's President Leo Wohleb . The city has had its name in the Black Forest since February 19, 1963.
Incorporations
As part of the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , the following previously independent municipalities were incorporated into Bonndorf in the Black Forest:
- July 1, 1971: Boll
- January 1, 1972: Ebnet
- June 1, 1972: Wellendingen
- August 1, 1973: Wittlekofen
- October 1, 1974: Dillendorf
- January 1, 1975: Brunnadern, Gündelwangen and felling
Before the incorporation, Dillendorf belonged to the district of Waldshut, all other communities, including Bonndorf in the Black Forest, belonged to the district of Hochschwarzwald .
Population structure and population development
| year | 1855 | 1900 | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 | 1995 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2017 |
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| Residents | 1,212 | 1,600 | 2,100 | 2,556 | 3,192 | 5,364 | 5,980 | 6,494 | 6,856 | 6,848 | 6,836 | 6,889 |
Total population (as of January 5, 2017): 6,889
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| Bonndorf | Well veins | Boll | Level | Dillendorf | Gündelwangen | Felling | Wave things | Wittlekofen |
| 4927 | 71 | 122 | 74 | 251 | 546 | 139 | 548 | 211 |
religion
Bonndorf is shaped by Catholicism . Protestants have only existed since the 19th century , and Jews were recorded from 1875 onwards . Today Bonndorf has, in addition to the two large Christian communities, a Muslim community with its own prayer room. The New Apostolic Church and Jehovah's Witnesses are also represented in Bonndorf.
In 1402 Rudolf von Wohlfurt and his wife founded the Pauline monastery in Bonndorf . The Pauline Fathers took over the pastoral care of the townspeople. The monastery, consisting of ten to twelve fathers and belonging to the diocese of Constance, was located in what is now Martinsgarten in Bonndorf. The Bishop of Constance freed the monastery from all burdens and services. This decision was confirmed by Pope Martin V, elected at the Council of Constance, in 1417. After the purchase of the Bonndorf rule by the St. Blasier monastery, the St. Blasier abbot also took over the rule of the Bonndorf monastery. In 1731 the monastery building was rebuilt and expanded. At the beginning of the 19th century, the traditionally poor monastery was also exposed to increasing hostility to the monastery. Finally the monastery was dissolved in the course of secularization in 1807. Today the Paulinerstraße, which leads from the former monastery to the castle, and the Paulinerheim (parish center) built from 1975 to 1977 above the Catholic church are reminiscent of the Paulin monastery. There were close ties to the Pauline monastery in Tannheim and the Grünwald monastery .
The Protestant community was founded in 1873 and was the largest Protestant diaspora community in Germany. She initially held her meetings in the palace chapel built in 1727 in the city garden. In 1934 the congregation was raised to a parish, in 1953 today's Paulus Church with a parish hall and parsonage was built.
politics
Municipal council
In Bonndorf, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipal council in Bonndorf has 22 members after the last election (previously: 25). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies | % 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 34.4 | 7th | 38.1 | 10 | |
| BL | Citizen List | 31.4 | 7th | 36.2 | 9 | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 21.1 | 5 | 21.5 | 5 | |
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 9.9 | 2 | 4.2 | 1 | |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 3.2 | 1 | - | - | |
| total | 100.0 | 22nd | 100.0 | 25th | ||
| voter turnout | 55.3% | 51.1% | ||||
Mayor since 1945
- 1945: Fritz Göggel
- August 1, 1945: Erwin Leser
- 1946–1957: Leo Speck
- 1958–1972: Oskar Stöckle
- 1973–1992: Peter Folkerts (born October 19, 1946; † June 16, 1992 in a plane crash near the Kemptner Hütte )
- since 1992: Michael Scharf (* May 24, 1964)
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "In blue a raised silver lion."
The original Lords of Bonndorf used a star above a mountain of three as a shield.
The silver lion on a blue background, which today represents the municipal coat of arms, first appeared in 1304. However, between 1434 and 1891 a broad bean with pods was used as a seal. The old coat of arms was not remembered until the city charter was granted in 1891. It was assumed that the lion came from the Lords of Krenkingen , but the Krenkingen people never actually wielded a lion. The heraldic animal probably goes back to the Habsburg lion.
Town twinning
Since 1975 there has been a partnership with the French municipality of Bains-les-Bains , which is located in the south of the Vosges .
Culture and sights
Museums
- Properties undergoing Bonndorfer Castle fools offices house a large exhibition of fools figures and other exhibits from the fools of time.
- There is also the Schloss Bonndorf cultural center , where important exhibitions (modern and contemporary art), concerts (Cuarteto Casals, Mandelring Quartet , Leipzig String Quartet, Bernd Glemser, Pieter Wispelwey and many others) and readings (Peter Bichsel, Wilhelm Genazino, Durs Grünbein, Adolf Muschg, Urs Widmer and many others).
- In the district of Boll there is a museum mill from 1610, which can be visited once a week and on the German Milling Day .
- The Glashütte district has been home to the Professor Kalchreuter Natural History Museum since the end of 2011 , which emerged from the museum of the European Wildlife Research Institute (EWI) headed from 1989 to 2005 by hunting scientist and wildlife biologist Heribert Kalchreuter (1939-2010). There you can see specimens of the game he killed from all over the world.
Buildings
The Bonndorf Castle was built in 1592/1594 as a moated castle and from 1723 to 1726 by the abbot of the monastery of St. Blaise in Baroque style . The building was restored in the 1970s and today houses the fool's parlors, the notary's office, the Bonndorf Castle cultural center - district museum, city library and a concert room.
Opposite the castle is the Alte Sparkasse. The house, built in the 19th century, housed the financial institution until it moved to a new building next to the town hall.
Today's Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul is the successor to the monastery church of the Pauline monastery. It burned down on the night of July 18-19, 1842 and was rebuilt elsewhere in 1850 by Josef Berckmüller on behalf of the Grand Duchy of Baden in the late Romanesque-early Gothic style. The interior design by Franz Josef Simmler , completed in 1906, was renovated from 1972 to 1974. The church is located above the city in the north of Bonndorf.
The palace chapel was built in 1727 by Abbot Blasius III. built near the castle and consecrated by the Bishop of Constance. The patrons are St. Blaise von Sebaste and St. Nicholas . The chapel was dismantled at the beginning of the 19th century and rebuilt in its current location near the primary school. From 1873 until the construction of the Pauluskirche, it served the Bonndorf Protestants as a room for their worship.
The Boll mill , which was in operation until 1972 and is now a museum, is located in the Boll district .
Parks
During the renovation of the palace, the palace garden was laid out and is now part of the Japanese garden. There is also the Martinsgarten in the city center and the Stadtgarten in the Lenzkirch - Rothaus junction, right next to the Black Forest Hotel. On today's Martinsgarten stood the former Pauline monastery with the monastery and parish church, which fell victim to a major fire in 1842. In 1856 Franz Xaver Reich erected a monument to Prince Abbot Martin Gerbert in the lower part of the garden. In the meantime the monument has been moved from the center of the park and the Martinsgarten has been redesigned into a playground. The city garden was the cemetery for a few decades, which is why the palace chapel was also moved there. When the cemetery was abandoned, the area was designed as a park and a war memorial was erected in it in 1870/71 . At first the memorial bore a Germania figure, which gave its name to the nearby, still existing inn. However, it was melted down as part of a metal donation .
Regular events
Bonndorf is a stronghold of the Swabian-Alemannic carnival . The plum-eaters are a well-known fool's guild and celebrate Bonndorfer Fasnacht, especially as street carnival from Dirty Dunschdig into the night of Ash Wednesday . In summer the annual traditional castle festival takes place around the castle .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Bonndorf is on the federal highway 315 . Between 1907 and 1976 Bonndorf also had a railway connection with the Kappel Gutachbrücke – Bonndorf railway line, which branched off from the Höllentalbahn at Kappel-Gutachbrücke station. The former train station still stands today. The Südbadenbus GmbH offers transport lines to Neustadt (Black Forest), Waldshut, Stühlingen, Donaueschingen and Grafenhausen / Seebrugg at. Furthermore, there are local transport connections to the Wutach Gorge and the Rothauser Land holiday region in the summer months by hiking buses .
Industrial development and resident companies
At the beginning of the 20th century, Bonndorf was characterized by purely agricultural and craftsmanship. The first industrial company was the Gebr. Kriechle shoe factory from 1872 and from 1905 the municipal power station supplied electrical energy (direct current 220/110 V). In the 1920s, a new industrial company, the Stehli silk weaving mill , moved into a shed building. This company building was to experience an eventful history: The Stehli company was followed by the pillar factory Villiger & Söhne and Rhodiaceta , Kunstseide AG. After the war, the Ramie AG spinning mill from Emmendingen , followed by the Richter terry cloth weaving mill from Ahaus , moved into the building by 1955 . From 1972 to 1997 the Willi Studer company moved into the building with a branch. The up to 250 employees at the Bonndorf plant mainly manufacture circuit boards and motors for almost all Revox products.
In 1921 Michael and Margarethe Adler acquired a butcher's shop and restaurant, the nucleus of today's Hans Adler OHG . Adler is an important manufacturer of Black Forest ham and offers regional products from the Black Forest with over 200 employees in the food sector .
With the settlement of the companies Dunkermotoren and Kienzle Feinbau in 1955, a sustainable branch of industry emerged. Dunkermotoren primarily produces electric motors and the associated gearboxes and is the largest employer in the area with over 750 jobs. The company is now part of the AMETEK group of companies. Kienzle Feinbau mainly manufactured parking meters and mechanical price calculators for petrol stations. The product range was later expanded to include electronic filling station controls. The company is now represented on the market as Hectronic and, with around 140 employees, offers products in the areas of parking (parking ticket machines) and refueling (such as petrol station controls, level and limit value sensors).
There are also several medium-sized and craft businesses in the fields of vehicle, agricultural machinery and wood technology, the construction industry and textile cleaning. With the Breitenfeld a new building area for industrial and craft enterprises was developed in the 1990s.
education
Bonndorf is the location of the education center. Here the elementary school, Werkrealschule and Realschule are united under one roof. The primary school has a preparatory and an integration class. In addition, pupils with special educational needs can be taught at a branch of the Lauchringen e-school. There is an afternoon program at all school levels. The catchment area includes the communities Bonndorf and Wutach as well as parts of the communities Grafenhausen and Ühlingen-Birkendorf . The attempt to bring part of the lower level of the Kolleg St. Blasien grammar school to Bonndorf failed around 2000.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
Theo Hany (1924–2012), the founder of the Schlossnarrenstuben, and the former Catholic pastor Eugen Fleig (1930–2018) received honorary citizenship of the city of Bonndorf.
sons and daughters of the town
- Ambrosius Eichhorn (1758–1820), Benedictine, teacher, historian, priest and writer. Born in Wittlekofen.
- Joseph Lukas Meyer (1774–1821), Benedictine, pastor, teacher and local history researcher. Born in felling.
- Joseph Wiel (1828–1881), doctor, ran the Steinabad bathing establishment , where he a. a. Friedrich Nietzsche treated
- Constantin Fehrenbach (1852–1926), politician (center), Reich Chancellor from 1920 to 1921, was born in Wellendingen, which is now a district of Bonndorf.
- Adolf Würth (1905–1997), National Socialist racial theorist who was involved in the genocide of Sinti and Roma, was born in Bonndorf
- Astrid Damerow (* 1958), politician and member of the state parliament (CDU)
- Clemens Binninger (* 1962), politician and Member of the Bundestag (CDU), was born in Bonndorf and grew up in neighboring Wutach-Ewattingen.
- Bernadette Hörder (* 1962), artist
- Lothar Böhler (* 1970), founding member of the Feldberger , was born in Bonndorf and grew up in the Holzschlag district
People connected to the city
- Dominikus Kuenzer (1793–1853), Roman Catholic priest, member of the Baden state parliament and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly, was pastor, dean and school visitator in Bonndorf until 1836
- Friedrich Faller (1856–1905), innkeeper, fire brigade commander and member of the German Reichstag
- Ralf Dahrendorf , Baron Dahrendorf KBE (1929–2009), occasionally under the pseudonym Wieland Europa, German-British sociologist, politician and publicist, lived in London , Cologne and Bonndorf (OT Holzschlag)
- Heribert Kalchreuter (1939–2010), hunting scientist and wildlife biologist, lived in the hamlet of Glashütte, where he founded the Wildlife Research Center in Baden-Württemberg in 1977
- Hans Lembke (1885–1959), academic drawing teacher in Freiburg im Breisgau and Berlin
- Dietzenschmidt (1893–1955), playwright, Kleist Prize with Kurt Heynicke , lived temporarily in Bonndorf
literature
- City of Bonndorf in the Black Forest (Hrsg.): Bonndorf. City on the Black Forest . Verlag Karl Schillinger, Freiburg, Bonndorf im Schwarzwald 1980, ISBN 3-921340-11-X .
- Karl Ebner: A Bonndorfer looks back , City of Bonndorf in the Black Forest, 1993.
- Dietzenschmidt . Bonndorf, my Bonndorf: Bonndorf's walk through history. A festival. Reprint of the first edition from 1951 on the centenary of the city charter. Bonndorfer Texte No. 1. Editor: Stadt Bonndorf im Schwarzwald, 1991. ISBN 3-925016-84-8 .
- Albert Abbreviation : The administrative district or the former Sanctuary imperial rule Bondorf , Freiburg 1861.
- Ulrich Werner Schulze, Günter Hany: Bonndorf - how it was, how it has changed , Moog Druck, Hüfingen 2014 (2nd edition 2015).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality . VI: Freiburg administrative district. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , p. 967-974 .
- ↑ Ulrich Werner Schulze: Bonndorf: Is the city of Bonndorf older than you thought? Badische Zeitung, October 2, 2015, accessed on January 14, 2016 .
- ↑ Ulrich Werner Schulze: Bonndorf 1223 - pondorf 800. Research on the first mention of Bonndorf as early as the Carolingian era. The city is four hundred years older than previously described. Moog-Druck, Hüfingen 2016.
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 499 f .
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 522 f .
- ↑ ot-bains-les-bains.fr: Jumelage. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 2, 2009 ; Retrieved January 15, 2016 (French).
- ^ Regina Folkerts: Bonndorf: Museum für Wildbiologie , Badische Zeitung, December 20, 2011, accessed January 8, 2012
- ^ Bonndorf, July 18. In: Freiburg newspaper . July 19, 1842. Retrieved January 17, 2016 .
- ↑ Hans Jakob Wörner: Catholic parish church Bonndorf in the Black Forest restored as a work of the 19th century. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 5th year 1976, issue 4, pp. 152–154 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )
- ↑ Juliane Kühnemund: Bonndorf: The monument wobbles. Badische Zeitung, July 16, 2010, accessed on March 20, 2016 .
- ↑ Juliane Kühnemund: Bonndorf: A man of the "bsundere sort" , Badische Zeitung, November 29, 2012, accessed on July 27, 2013
- ↑ Gerald Edinger and Daniele Schüle: Bonndorf: Mourning for popular Bonndorfer parish priest Eugen Fleig " , Südkurier, February 27, 2018, accessed on May 3, 2018
- ↑ Ulrich Werner Schulze: Bonndorf: Gott zur Ehr, dem Nahe zur Wehr , Badische Zeitung, October 5, 2013, accessed on December 20, 2013
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