Evangelical Lutheran Church Wüppels

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Wüppelser Kirche - seen from the village square

The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Wüppels (also called Wüppels Church or Church of Wüppels ) is one of the two places of worship in the Wangerland parish of St. Joost / Wüppels and a station on the Wangerland pilgrimage route . It dates from the late 13th century and is one of the oldest churches in Friesland . The Wüppels Church was first mentioned in a document in 1350. A previous patronage is unknown.

Building description

Wüppels church and village yard around 1790
Watercolor by E. Ch. Dunker (1735–1817)
West gable and north side
Boulders as a foundation (north side of the Wüppels church)
South side

The late Romanesque Wüppelser church is a rectangular hall church with an east-facing, clearly separated semicircular apse . It stands on its own church yard , which from the west leans against the central part of the Wüppelser Langwarft, but towers above it by a few meters. The bell tower and the village cemetery are also located on the Kirchwarft.

Church exterior

The walls of the church building, which are made of two-shell brick construction and have a core made of cast masonry , rest on a foundation of boulders . The visible masonry consists of bricks in the so-called monastery format .

The apse reveals three small windows, two of which, the northern and the southern, are walled up. It has its own polygonal roof, corresponding to its round shape, which leans against the gable of the hall church.

The south side of the church has three later window openings. They are larger than the original Romanesque windows. The front and middle windows are identical in size. The rear window opening consists of two windows that are arranged one above the other. The upper window and the outlines of an earlier window visible in the front masonry clearly show the original size of the former window openings. The simple, two-winged entrance portal is located in the rear third of the southern wall. The window openings on the north wall roughly correspond to those on the south wall. The north portal, the outlines of which can still be clearly seen in the masonry, was bricked up. In the middle area of ​​the north wall the foundations can be seen in parts. The unadorned west gable has two windows one above the other in the vertical central axis. The smaller window opening is in the upper, the larger in the middle area of ​​the gable.

Interior

Altar from 1523
Church window
pulpit
baptism

Anyone who enters the church, which is "reliably" open in summer, is directly in the worship room. There is no vestibule. At the rear of the church is the organ gallery, which offers a few additional seats to the right and left of the instrument. The area below the gallery was separated from the church interior by a wooden wall with a door. It serves as a sacristy and technical room. The church has a central aisle. The banks on the right and left are more recent. The two front pews on the left face the pulpit.

The church windows are unadorned except for a few colored elements and ensure a bright church interior. There are various memorial plaques on the walls, including those on which the Wüppels preachers have been recorded since the time of the Reformation, and others that commemorate the fallen of the two world wars.

In the choir , which is one step above the level of the rest of the church, there is a parish chair with a wooden lattice on the left (north wall) , in which a portrait of Luther hangs, and on the right (south wall) a striking pulpit staircase and the baptism . Also on the north wall is an upright tombstone with the name Rike van Fischhus . The two walled-up windows can still be clearly seen in the apse. The middle, still open window is covered by the top of the altar.

A piscina is set into the masonry of the apse to the right of the altar . It is provided with a segmented arch and is one of the 15 best preserved piscines on the East Frisian peninsula. The pool is made of red sandstone, but is (wrongly) covered with white paint. The drain is also made of red sandstone.

altar

The altar, which is two steps above the level of the chancel, dates from 1523. The lower area consists of whitewashed cloister format stones and its two-winged wooden top nestles harmoniously into the round apse. According to tradition, it owes its existence to a gift from Chief Ricklef von Fischhausen . The actual altarpiece, which was made by an unknown artist, shows Jesus and his disciples at the so-called Last Supper . What is striking about this picture is that Jesus' favorite disciple is not leaning against his master's chest, but sitting on his master's lap. Similar, older representations can be found among others by Matthias Grünewald and Hans Schäufelin (cross altar of the Ulm Minster ).

The altarpiece is flanked by carved figures of the apostles Simon Petrus , Andreas , Jakobus (son of Zebedee) and John . The eight remaining apostles adorn the two side wings of the altar. The altar is crowned by a crucifix .

pulpit

The oak pulpit is a donation from Baron von Schwarzenberg and his wife Anne von Waddewarden, mistress of Fischhausen Castle . It dates from 1651. The pulpit, which rests on the figure of the horned Moses showing the tablets of the law , shows the four evangelists with their characteristic attributes: lion ( Mark ), bull ( Luke ), eagle ( John ) and man ( Matthew ). On the lower side of the sound cover there is an image of a floating dove, symbol of the Holy Spirit. The figure of Christ , holding a victory flag, crowns the pulpit sky.

The elongated pulpit access is also lavishly designed. It shows the symbols of the three Christian virtues (faith, love, and hope) as well as the four cardinal virtues (justice, bravery, wisdom and moderation).

baptism

The baptism is a gift from a district judge widow from the 17th century, called Moder Lohe [ Mother Lohe ]. It was given to the parish in 1634. The material of the artistically decorated baptismal font is made of wood. It has the shape of a flower-shaped calyx.

organ

The first Wüppels organ was built in 1795 and comes from the workshop of the Wittmund organ builder Hinrich Just Müller . The instrument had eight stops on one manual ; there was no pedal. The five-axis prospectus is structured by simple pilaster strips . The elevated round central tower is connected to the outer round towers by two curved flat panels. Rocailles decorate the pipe fields below and above, crown the three towers with their profiled cornices and form the side panels. The organ builder Johann Martin Schmid ( Oldenburg ) carried out modifications in 1908 and 1912. After Schmid had exchanged a few registers and added a pedal with a 16 ′ sub-bass , in 1912 he built in a pneumatic action and a two-manual play system. The current one-manual instrument with seven registers is a work by the organ building company Alfred Führer ( Wilhelmshaven ) from 1964 in the historic Müller case. The disposition is as follows:

Historical prospectus of the Wüppels organ
I Manual C – f 3
Dumped 8th'
Quintad 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
octave 2 ′
Mixture IV 1'
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′

Burial place

In the Wüppelser church there are four stone slabs made of sandstone . Two of them are located directly in front of the altar, another is in the choir area and a fourth is directly behind the threshold of the church portal. They date from the 13th century, have no inscriptions, only simple symbols and decorations, for example crosses and crooks as well as stylized ribbons that resemble the iron fittings of a wooden chest. Closer investigations have shown that these stone slabs are lids of large stone sarcophagi. These were also made of sandstone, were carved from a block and were each intended as the temporary resting place of several deceased. After a certain period of inactivity, those who were buried first were removed from the sarcophagus and buried in the cemetery. The space created in this way could be used again for new burials. The function of these nameless stone coffins can be compared to the grave cellars found in older churches.

In the 16th and 17th centuries the Wüppels church was the burial place of the noble Fischhausen family. This is indicated by the grave slabs adorned with coats of arms in the center aisle of the church. The noble seat of the family members buried here was Fischhausen Castle . It is located in the east of the Wüppels parish and has been preserved to this day - albeit significantly changed.

Bell tower

Bell tower

The bell tower belongs to the so-called parallel wall type with a gable roof. It dates from the 17th century. The older bell was cast around the middle of the 17th century, the younger in the 1960s.

Building

The free-standing bell tower of the Wüppels church has a rectangular floor plan. Four mighty brick walls, which were placed parallel to each other in a north-south direction in the 17th century, are connected by a roof structure. Wooden beams are embedded in the walls. They each carry the bearing of the bell yoke . In the left and middle openings seen from the south there is a bell each. The right of the three Romanesque sound holes has no bells today. In the lower area you can see three doors, behind which the technology necessary for operating the bells and storage rooms for the cemetery administration are located.

A historic collar is attached to the outer wall of the bell tower . It was used in the penal system for lighter offenses. Anyone who had committed a theft or had been convicted of adultery was chained to the masonry of the bell tower with the iron for a certain time. Long absence from the service could also be punished in this way.

Bell story

Bell 1, cast by Rincker / Sinn in 1962

In 1657 the bell founder Gottfried Baulard (also written Godfri [e] d Baulard) came to Wüppels. He was one of the traveling founders from Lorraine who were active in East Frisia and Oldenburg from 1620 onwards . Until around 1660 they played a similar leading role as bell founders as the Klinghe family before them . Baulard and his colleagues - according to Rauchheld in his Oldenburg bell customer - "cast many good bells in the north of the Oldenburg region". Baulard, who previously worked in Waddewarden and later in the Vechta office, cast two bells for Wüppels. The diameter of the large bell was 123 cm, that of the small 96 cm. Both bells had identical ornamentation and the same inscription. Around 1800 an unknown bell caster made a third (at that time the so-called "middle") bell for Wüppels. Their diameter was 102 cm. Further information about this bell and its founder is not known.

In 1869, the Reepsholter bell caster Mammeus Fremy cast the larger of the two Baulard bells. The reason for this was probably a jump. It is not known whether the jewelry and inscriptions were adopted from the old bell for the new bell.

During the First World War , the two larger bells were removed and melted down for war purposes in 1917. The bell made by Gottfried Baulard small with the percussive contrast, a 'remained. In 1936, the customized Hessian sense based bell and Kunstgießerei Rincker a new bell with the percussive g '. It was 105 cm in diameter, weighed 670 kg and was called the Luther Bell . During the Second World War it was melted down too. On April 10, 1962, the Rincker company cast a new Luther bell , which goes well with the Baulard bell from 1657 as the so-called third bell.

Bells

The Wüppelser bell today consists of two bells: the new Luther bell (hereinafter referred to as bell 1 ) and the so-called Baulard bell (hereinafter referred to as bell 2 ).

Bell jar Caster Casting year material Mass / kg Diameter / cm Chime inscription
1 Bell and art foundry Rincker 1962 bronze 657 105 f sharp '+/- 0 Inscription around the bell neck: “A SOLID CASTLE IS OUR GOD + THE REICH MUST STAY US” - Wolm above the bell ring: “EVANG.LUTH.KIRCHENGEMEINDE ST.JOOST – WÜPPELS”. The foundry mark and year of casting can be found on the back.
2 Gottfried Baulard 1657 bronze about 400 96 a '+2 Tape around the bell neck (single line): "ANTON GÜNTHER COMES OLDENBURG ET DELMENHORST DOMINUS JEVER ET KNIPHAUSEN SIT HONOR DEO IN SUPERNIS NATO PAX IN HISCE TERRIS ANIMA AEQUA MENS ALUMNIS ANNO 1657 ECCLIUS ETHRENIUS GOLDENBURG ET DELMENHORST ". A palm frieze is engraved above and below the inscription.

Pastorei

Old Pastorei Wüppels

The former Wüppels rectory was built in 1609 and rebuilt in 1679 after a devastating lightning strike. In 1976, the house, which is now a listed building, was completely restored by private owners.

The old pastor's shop is opposite the Wüppels church and lines the Wüppels village square with the historic jug and the former school (today: Ferienhaus Windlicht ). On the gable are the coats of arms of Oldenburg Count Johann (also known as Count Johann, the dyke builder ) and his wife Elisabeth (born von Schwarzburg-Blankenburg ). The last pastor from Wüppels to officiate in the pastoral office was Hinrich Carl Eduard Harms from Aurich, pastor in Wüppels from 1876 to 1904.

Church history

The beginnings of the Wüppels parish, which belonged to the small but rich communities of the Wangerland, are in the dark. According to the so-called Stader Kopiar , which documents the construction and structure of the former Archdiocese of Bremen around 1420, Wüppels ("Woppelensze") belonged to the Sendkirchen district ("sedis synodalis") Wanga , which meant its center in the "Gokercken" (= Gaukirche; here is the church of St. Sixtus and Sinicius in Hohenkirchen ). In the same document there is a reference to the fact that Wüppels had a vicarie and that the Bremen cathedral dean had the right to appoint both priests.

When exactly the first Protestant service was celebrated in Wüppels is unknown. On the wooden panels attached to the north wall of the church, Sartorius (term of office unknown) and Poppe (around 1535) "Servants of the Evangelii zu Wüppels after the Reformation B. Lutheri" are named. When Miss Maria , the mistress of Jeverland , asked the preachers of her rule to comment on the Augsburg Interim in 1548 , the parish of the Wüppels parish, which had around 260 to 270 members, was vacant.

The first pastor from Wüppels, whose Lutheran creed is known and documented, was Antonius Morenanus . He came from Mechelen , after studying theology in Leuven, he joined the Augustinian hermits in his hometown and there turned to Lutheran teaching. As a religious refugee, he found asylum in Wesel around 1540 , which at that time belonged to the Duchy of Kleve , and was appointed preacher of the city church here in 1543. In 1548 Morenanus - he was now married - had to give way here too. In the same year he came to Jever through the mediation of Oldenburg Count Christoph von Oldenburg , cousin of the aforementioned Mistress Maria, and received the vacant Wüppels pastor. In the Jeverland Church he soon took on a leading role and contributed to the drafting of their creed and church order. Morenanus died after almost 26 years of service in Wüppels. His son-in-law, Johann Lieffeldt, succeeded him in the parish.

In 1614, the Wüppels parish built a school. The school building was financed by a foundation of the maid Margarethe von Fischhausen. The building consisted of two classrooms, a teacher's apartment and a barn for the dairy cow, which was part of the equipment for the teaching post. In 1835 the school house was rebuilt. It is still largely preserved and has since been converted into a guest house. A total of 33 teachers worked at the single-class village educational institution. Her first schoolmester was Johannes Limbachius (1814 to 1818), her last Gustav Ehlers (1966). In 1965, after a good three hundred and fifty years of history, the school closed its doors.

The formerly independent parishes of Wüppels and St. Joost have been linked to one another since 1909. The community of Wüppels / St. Joost through a community parish that she has shared with the Pakens-Hooksiel parish since 1992.

Pastors

Since the beginning of the 16th century - including officially appointed vacancy representatives - 32 pastors have been active in Wüppels. There were longer vacancies only in the 20th and 21st centuries. In the pre-Reformation period there was a vicariate in Wüppels, which had its seat and its lands where the Oldeborg residential area is today.

The following list follows the list of Oldenburg preachers until 1980. For the period after 1980, other sources (including the list of Wüppels clergy recorded on wooden panels) are named.

No Clergy Period Remarks
01 Johannes Sartorius ? Orientalist ; spoke several oriental languages
02 Heero Poppe around 1534 On January 26, 1534, Poppe sealed a sales contract as "pastoer to Wyppels".
03 Antonius Morenanus Mechlinenses 1548-1574 Mechlinenses [= from Mechelen to arise] was because of his Lutheran influenced proclamation in 1558 from the Catholic Wesel ( Duchy of Cleves sold). During his tenure in Wüppels, he is said to have played a major role in the creation of the Confessio jeverensis , Jever's creed . Morenanus died on Good Friday (April 9th) 1574 in Wüppels.
04 Johannes Lieffeldt 1574-1608 native of Wildeshausen ; Son-in-law of his predecessor Antonius Morenanus Mechlinenses. He was accused of cryptocalvinism , which led to his dismissal from service in 1608. He died on August 21, 1618 in Hooksiel .
05 Magister Johann Cronenberg 1609-1610 was married to the daughter of his predecessor. He died on July 31, 1610 and was buried three days later in the Jeverschen town church.
06 Henricus Rennecherus 1612-1648 born in Damme (in Osnabrück Abbey ); he followed his predecessor "both in office and in marriage bed". His long training path had taken him via Hamburg and Stade to Rostock and Greifswald , among other places . He was ordained in 1612 and probably died in 1648. In the Wüppels church there is an epitaph on the north wall that commemorates him.
07 Franciscus Friso 1649-1650 died on March 4, 1650 (in Wüppels?)
08 Johannes Teuthorn 1650-1673 Born in Eisleben in 1608 ; Before his introduction to Wüppels, he was the principal at the Princely School in Jever. Teuthorn died in Wüppels and was buried there on November 17, 1673. Teuthorn's older son was a lawyer in Zerbst , the younger pastor in Sillenstede .
09 Christianus Ger [c] kenius 1673-1681 native of Golzwarden ; was initially the vicar of his predecessor and after his death took over the Wüppelser pastorate.
10 Bernhardus powder maker 1681-1699 native of Jever ; studied in Wismar , Danzig and Rostock and was initially vicar in Waddewarden . He died on March 27, 1699 in Wüppels.
11 Anton Günther Bruns 1700-1722 native of Jever–
12 Julius Ludovicus Stolt [e] exactly 1723-1727 native of Esens ; was initially a preacher in the Groningen region and from there came to Dornum in East Friesland as an "Unterprediger" . He was introduced to Wüppels in 1723 and died here on December 28, 1727. He became known for his book Ostfrieslands Freudenschall und Trauerfall , published in 1722 , in which he wrote about the events of 1717 and the 200th anniversary of the Reformation as well as the heavy storm surge and its victims.
13 Magister Gottfried Victor Moehring 1729-1734 Born in 1608 in Lindau (now part of the city of Zerbst ); from 1609 rector of the Jever provincial school, after 1734 pastor in Neuende , where he died in 1750 after a long period of illness. His father was the Zerbst archdeacon and court preacher Paul Heinrich Möhring, his eldest son the doctor, botanist and ornithologist Paul Heinrich Gerhard Möhring (1710–1792).
14th Johann Anton Lingius 1734-1743 born on August 4, 1686 in Wiefels , where his father was a pastor. After his school education in Jever , Lauban and Zittau, he studied at the University of Wittenberg . In 1718 he came to Westrum as an assistant chaplain and was ordained a pastor after the death of his father-in-law Friedrich von Büttel. Around 1734 he took over the pastor's position in Wüppels, which he held until his death in 1743.
15th Gottfried Bruns 1744-1748 born in Minsen in 1696 ; was called in 1729 as a minister to Neuende and in 1744 as a pastor in Wüppels. He died there after four years.
16 Nicolaus Hedden 1749 native of Esens
17th Christian Diedrich von Buttel 1750-1769 native of west rum
18th Anton Bernhard von Buttel 1770-1789 native of Schortens
19th Martin Schween 1789-1801 native of St. Joost
20th Anton Günther Diedrich Drost 1801-1828 native of Tettens
21st Conrad Julius Friedrich Carstens 1828-1836 native of Schortens ; his grave is in the Wüppels cemetery.
22nd Friedrich August Lauts 1836-1845 born in Hohenkirchen
23 Anton Heinrich Minssen 1845-1871 native of sandel ; was previously a pastor in Cleverns
23 Peter Friedrich Ludwig Büsing 1872-1876 born in Delmenhorst ; was pastor in Seefeld from 1848 to 1872 .
25th Hinrich Carl Eduard Harms 1876-1904 born in Aurich
vacancy 1904-1909 In 1909 the parishes of Wüppels and St. Joost merged.
26th Heinrich Anton Brunken 1904-1928 native of Dangast . Brunken was already active in St. Joost from 1898.
27 Martin Ernst Richard Ramsauer 1928-1935 born in Wiefelstede ; took part as a captain in the Second World War and was in the parish of Lemwerder-Bardewisch from 1945 to 1964 . He died on June 26, 1972 in Friedeburg .
vacancy 1935-1938
28 Walter Hans Appelstiel 1938-1973 From January 15, 1942 to July 15, 1945 Appelstiel took part in the Second World War as a soldier . In 1973 he retired.
29 Friedrich-Wilhelm Assenbaum 1973-1991 was pastor in Wiarden from 1957 to 1991 and from 1973 vacancy administrator in Wüppels; he died on March 17, 2015 in Neugarmssiel .
30th Holger Harrack 1991-1992 was pastor at the town church in Jever and vacancy manager in Wüppels for the period specified
31 Stefan Welz 1992-2002 Born in Wilhelmshaven , after his parish service in St. Joost-Wüppels and Pakens went to Portugal as a pastor abroad .
vacancy 2003-2004
32 Stefan Grünefeld since 2005 Pastor in St. Joost-Wüppels and Pakens

See also

literature

  • Dietrich Kohl , Adolf Rauchheld , Oskar Tenge: The architectural and art monuments of the Duchy of Oldenburg. Processed on behalf of the Grand Ducal Ministry of State. V. Issue: The offices of Brake, Butjadingen, Varel, Jever and Rüstringen. Printed and published by Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1909, pp. 302 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on May 18, 2017).
  • Hans Saebens, Christel Matthias Schröder : The churches of Jeverland. Verlag CL Mettcker & Sons, Jever 1956, pp. 14, 50.
  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Klaus Wilkens: Frisian churches in Jeverland and Harlingerland. Volume I of the series Frisian churches. 2nd, revised edition, Verlag CL Mettcker & Sons, Jever 1981, p. 30 f.
  • Günter Müller: The old churches and bell towers of the Oldenburger Land. Kayser-Verlag, Oldenburg 1983, p. 193.
  • Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: God's houses in Friesland and Wilhelmshaven. Verlag Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1991, ISBN 978-3-922365-95-2 , p. 121 ff.
  • Wilhelm Gilly: Medieval churches and chapels in the Oldenburger Land. Building history and inventory. Isensee Verlag , Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-126-6 , p. 186 f.
  • Erhard Ahlrichs : Wüppels. Frisian idyll in the Wangerland. Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 1994, ISBN 3-89442-201-7 .
  • Wolfgang Koppen: Two “iron cows” helped to look after the pastors. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of January 13, 1996.
  • History Association Wangerland e. V. (Hrsg.): Wüppels - 1000 years - history of a parish in the march. Wangerland 1998.
  • Herbert R. Marwede: Pre-Reformation altars in East Friesland . Dissertation, Hamburg 2007, Part 1 - Text, p. 314 ff. , Part 2 - Figures, Fig. 131 - 134 , accessed on May 20, 2017.
  • Justin Kroesen, Regnerus Steensma: Churches in East Friesland and their medieval furnishings. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-159-1 , pp. 41, 44, 49, 56, 64, 75, 77, 83, 114, 139, 141 - 144, 187.
  • Axel Bürgener , Klaus Siewert: Saalkirchen in Wangerland. Verlag Auf der Warft, Münster / Hamburg / Wiarden 2015, ISBN 978-3-939211-97-6 , p. 142 ff.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Lutheran Church Wüppels  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ Silence meets prayer - the Wangerland pilgrimage route. On Wangerland.de, accessed May 18, 2017.
  2. ^ A b c Hans Bernhöft: The Protestant Church [in the district of Friesland] . In: The district of Friesland (Ed. Peter Oltmanns in cooperation with the district administration). Oldenburg (Oldb) 1971 (second, completely new edition). P. 26, column I.
  3. ^ Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research: Map (Crildum Bay) ; viewed on May 18, 2017. The Wüppelser Langwarft and its western bulge, the Wüppelser Kirchenwarft, can be seen on the map.
  4. ↑ Almuth Salomon : Historical-regional excursion map of Lower Saxony 1: 50000 (Part 10 of Historical-regional excursion map of Lower Saxony: scale 1: 50,000 ; Ed. Almuth Salomon, Erhard Kühlhorn). Göttingen 1986. ISBN 3-7848-3630-5 . P. 134.
  5. ↑ Our churches - Evangelical Lutheran Church in Wüppels. Website of the Evangelical Church of Hooksiel, accessed on May 17, 2017.
  6. ^ Church of Tetten: Churches in Wangerland protected by warps and dykes ; viewed on June 8, 2017.
  7. ↑ The information on the Wüppelser Piscina can be found in Justin Kroesen, Regnerus Steensma: Churches in Ostfriesland and their medieval furnishings . Petersberg 2011. p. 139; 141-143.
  8. ↑ HNA.de: A Grünewald guest ; viewed on June 8, 2017.
  9. ↑ a b Welcome to the Wüppels Church , accessed on August 2, 2018.
  10. ↑ Axel Bürgener, Klaus Siewert: Saalkirchen in Wangerland . Verlag Auf der Warft, Hamburg / Münster 2015. p. 143.
  11. ^ Wüppels, Evangelische Kirche zu Wüppels - Organ by Alfred Führer (1964) in the historical case by Hinrich Just Müller (1795). On Nomine.net, accessed May 17, 2017.
  12. ^ Carl Woebcken: Jeverland. What has been and what has remained . Jever n.d. [1961?]. P. 167 f.
  13. ^ Evangelical Church Hooksiel: Welcome to the Wüppels Church ; viewed on June 8, 2017.
  14. ^ Horst Neidhardt: Architectural monuments in the Oldenburger Land: Guide to soil, architectural and settlement monuments . Verlag Holzberg, 1980. ISBN 3-87358-119-1 . P. 37.
  15. ↑ The information in the following section is based (unless otherwise noted) on: Evangelical Lutheran Upper Church Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg (ed.): Bell Atlas [of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg ] . Oldenburg 2016. p. 65 ( Die Kirche zu Wüppels ) - online
  16. ↑ Here tradition and the present ring together ; on the Wüppels.de page, accessed on May 23, 2017.
  17. ↑ A. Rauchheld: Article Glockenkunde Oldenburg . In: Volume 29 of the Oldenburg Yearbook of the Association for Archeology and Regional History . Oldenburg 1924. p. 11.
  18. ↑ A. Rauchheld: Article Glockenkunde Oldenburg . In: Volume 29 of the Oldenburg Yearbook of the Association for Archeology and Regional History . Oldenburg 1924. p. 173.
  19. ↑ Gabriele Dittrich, Wilfried Schneider: Bell atlas. A documentation of the bells of Protestant churches in the Oldenburger Land. Ev.-luth. Oberkirchenrat of the Ev.-luth. Church in Oldenburg, Oldenburg 2016, p. 65 ( digital library , accessed on December 22, 2017).
  20. ↑ peal of church Wüppelser, accessed on September 6, 2018th
  21. ↑ This inscription is the first and last words of the Luther chorale A strong castle is our God .
  22. ^ Translation: Anton Günther , Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst , Lord of Jever and Kniphausen - Glory to God on high, peace to the world, equanimity to the believers! In 1657 this work was commissioned by the clergyman Teuthorn von Eisleben and the church builders Mein Theilen and Haj Meenen. Master Gottfridus Baulard from Lorraine made me.
  23. ↑ Hartmut Siefken: Alte Jungfer donated the school house . In: Gestern und heute (supplement to the Wilhelmshavener Zeitung ) of March 23, 2013. p. 19.
  24. ↑ Erhard Ahlrichs and others: Wüppels. Frisian idyll in the Wangerland . Oldenburg 1994.
  25. ↑ Gustav Rüthning: Urkundenbuch of Jever and Kniphausen . Volume VI in the series Oldenburgisches Urkundenbuch . Oldenburg 1932. No. 89 (p. 43)
  26. ↑ Rolf Schäfer : The Jever pastor confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburg interim . Mohr Siebeck: Tübingen 2012. p. 24: “Wüppels, Minsen and Neuende were vacant at the end of 1948.” - The number of parishioners was recalculated by Rolf Schäfer based on the information for 1791. He names a number of souls of 264 for Wüppels.
  27. ↑ On Moreanus see Rolf Schäfer: Die Jeverschen pastor confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburg interim . Mohr Siebeck: Tübingen 2012. pp. 113–116.
  28. ↑ Albrecht Eckhardt / J. Tautz: Article Wüppels . In Oldenburg local lexicon. Archeology, geography and history of the Oldenburger Land . Volume 2 (Ed. Albrecht Eckhardt). Isensee Verlag: Oldenburg 2011. S. 1157.
  29. ↑ Hartmut Siefken: Alte Jungfer donated the school house . In: Yesterday and Today. Wangerland in old and new pictures . Supplement to the Wilhelmshavener Zeitung , episode 10 (March 2013). P. 19 ( online PDF )
  30. ↑ Ferienhaus-Windlicht.de: history ; accessed on September 2, 2017.
  31. ↑ Wüppels.de: The old school has retired ; accessed on September 2, 2017.
  32. ↑ wangerland.de: Wüppels Church ; accessed on September 4, 2017.
  33. ↑ Hans Warntjen: The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg from the Reformation to the present. (Ed. On behalf of the Oberkirchenrat), 3rd volume: From 1940 - present. Oldenburg 1980. In the appendix, p. 47, Sp I; P. 48 column I; P. 37, column II.
  34. ↑ Unless otherwise noted, the comments are based on the information in articles on the special history of Jeverland. (Ed. Aid Association of the Provincial School). Jever 1853. S. CXXIX (129) Sp1 - CXXX (130) Sp 2.
  35. ↑ Gustav Rüthning (edited on behalf of the Oldenburg Society for Classical Antiquities and Regional History): Document book by Jever and Kniphausen . Volume VI in the series Oldenburgisches Urkundenbuch . Oldenburg 1932. No. 712 (p. 336)
  36. ↑ also written Marenanus .
  37. ↑ See also: Rolf Schäfer (Ed.): The Jeverschen Pastorenbeständignisse 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburger Interim , Verlag Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-16-151910-9 , pp. 111–113.
  38. ↑ a b Rolf Schäfer: The Jever pastor confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburg interim. Tübingen 2012, p. 115.
  39. ↑ Also written by Liebfeld .
  40. ^ Auxiliary society of the Provincialschule (ed.): Contributions to the special history of Jeverland . Jever 1853. S. CXIX (119), Col II.
  41. ↑ Also written by Stoltnaw . For Stoltenau see: Karl-Heinz Wiechers: Julius Ludovicus (Ludwig) STOLTNAU (STOLTNAW). In: Volume IV of the Biographical Lexicon for Ostfriesland . Aurich 2007. pp. 407f. ( online )
  42. ↑ For Moehring's biography see M. Bollmeyer: Gottfried Victor Moehring. A scholarly existence in the baroque age. Zerbst-Wittenberg-Jever-Wüppels-Neuende . In: Volume 111 of the Oldenburg Yearbook . Oldenburg 2011. pp. 55-82.
  43. ^ Auxiliary society of the Provincialschule (ed.): Contributions to the special history of Jeverland . Jever 1853. S. XVI (16), Sp II.
  44. ^ Auxiliary society of the Provincialschule (ed.): Contributions to the special history of Jeverland . Jever 1853. S. CXVIII (118), Sp II.
  45. ↑ Hans Warntjen: The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg from the Reformation to the present. (Ed. On behalf of the Oberkirchenrat), 3rd volume: From 1940 - present . Oldenburg 1980. p. 34 (in the appendix)
  46. ^ Wangerland.de: Wüppels Church ; accessed on May 18, 2017.
  47. ↑ Hans Warntjen: The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg from the Reformation to the present. (Ed. On behalf of the Oberkirchenrat), 3rd volume: From 1940 - present . Oldenburg 1980. p. 15 (Bardewisch)
  48. ↑ Hans Warntjen: The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg from the Reformation to the present. (Ed. On behalf of the Oberkirchenrat), 3rd volume: From 1940 - present . Oldenburg 1980. p. 94. (St. Joost-Wüppels)
  49. ↑ a b Pastor's board on the inner north wall of the Wüppels church.
  50. ^ NWZ online / Melanie Hanz: Mourning Friedrich-Wilhelm Assenbaum (edition March 31, 2015) ; accessed on June 5, 2017.
  51. ^ Johanniter.de / Stefan Greiber: Pastor Dr. Stefan Welz new regional pastor (October 4, 2010) ; accessed on September 22, 2017.
  52. ↑ Taking office - Pastor presents vision of a church of the future. In: NWZonline on January 25, 2005 , accessed June 5, 2017.

Coordinates: 53 ° 38 ′ 14.1 ″  N , 7 ° 58 ′ 40.3 ″  E