Evangelical Lutheran Church in Wiefels

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Wiefels Church, southeast side

The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Wiefels is a church building in the Wiefels district of the municipality of Wangerland in the district of Friesland in Lower Saxony . It belongs to the parish Jever in church district Friesland - Wilhelmshaven the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg .

Building history

The widely visible Wiefels church was built in the first half of the 13th century as an apse hall on a warf . In the Bremen deanery register , the so-called Stader Copiar , from 1420 the building is mentioned as dilapidated ( quasi destructa ). Reconstruction began in 1450.

The lower part of the masonry consists of granite blocks , above it of brick . The high-seated arched windows have a circumferential bulge.
The west wall of the church threatened to collapse in 1951, after which the building authority of the district of Friesland closed the western part of the interior of the church. In 1953 the church was given a new western front made of cloister format stones , the old granite blocks were not reused.

Furnishing

altar

Altar of the Wiefels church

The altar in the vaulted apse was made in 1897 by the wood sculptor Gustav Kuntzsch , Wernigerode. The carved altar in neo -Gothic style is made in the form of a Gothic - tower-like - sacrament house made of solid oak, brown and gold tones predominate. A carved crucifix forms the center .
Until 1897, with served Low German provided Bible verses font altar from 1621, the order in 1652 by the parish Langwarden in Butjadingen was acquired and now hangs on the north wall as altarpiece .
The neo-Gothic altar was relocated from 1973 to 1997. The oil painting Christ on the Cross , which today has its place on the south wall, served as the altarpiece until a bronze cross with blue enamel stripes - hanging on chains - created by the goldsmith Erika Albrecht, Bremen, was attached over the cafeteria in 1976 . The reredos from 1897 "returned" "home" in 1997, the bronze cross was hung on the north wall - next to the altar of writing.

pulpit

The four visible sides of the pulpit basket of the richly carved pulpit bear the figure of the evangelist Markus , the coat of arms of Count Anton Günther von Oldenburg with the year 1627 and the figures of the evangelists Lukas and Johannes in wood relief work under arched niches . The sound cover , decorated with baroque motifs , was removed in 1970 because it was “dilapidated” and was only replaced by a new one in 2008.

Baptismal font

The painted baptismal font from 1663 is a carpenter's work decorated with woodturning and carving. The spherical shaft rests on four foot consoles with attached volute-like (helical / spiral-shaped) supports. The inclined surfaces of the octagonal basin cover medallion frames with pictures of the four evangelists, two Bible verses and the coats of arms and names of the donor couple.

organ

In 1720 the parish of Wiefels acquired a positive that organ builder Gerhard von Holy had probably created for the town church in Jever. The organ builder JC Karling expanded the organ and added a tremulant . A pedal was added later .

In 1903 the Wiefels church received a new instrument. The organ created by organ builder Johann Martin Schmid (Schmid III), Oldenburg , with its balanced classicist prospectus , included parts of an organ built by organ builder Johann Claussen Schmid (Schmid II), Oldenburg, which he manufactured in 1870 for the old garrison church in Oldenburg would have. Alfred Führer , Wilhelmshaven , added a 2 ′ recorder in 1953 and exchanged other registers. Since then, the disposition has been as follows:

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Darling Dumped 8th'
Salicional 8th'
octave 4 ′
recorder 2 ′
Mixture I-III
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'

Bell tower

Bell tower of the Wiefels church

The free-standing bell tower with a gable roof in the northwest of the church dates from the 13th century. Three strong parallel brick walls ("parallel wall type") have two bells in between .
The small bell, Schlagton as 1 , cast in 1930 by the Rincker in Sinn bell foundry , is the replacement for the small bell that was confiscated in 1917 and smashed "with great difficulty in the cemetery" and manufactured in 1872 by bell founder Mammeus Fremy from Reepsholt .
The big bell, striking note f 1 , was cast near the church by the bell founders Mammeus Fremy Heidefeld and Oltmann Eiben Tempelmann from Burhafe in Harlingerland in 1796. In 1942 the bell was assigned to category B, confiscated and transported to Hamburg . There she survived the Second World War on the central bell assembly point - then cynically called the bell cemetery - and returned to Wiefels on December 10, 1947.

Memorial for the fallen and missing of the world wars

The memorial is located on the north-west side of the church, framed by the bell tower and an adjacent wall. The names of those killed and missing in World War I are written on a sandstone slab on the bell tower. The names of those killed and missing in World War II are carved into the individual stones of the wall . The memorial for the victims of the Second World War was built in 1956 from the granite blocks that were not used again during the reconstruction of the west gable wall of the church, based on a design by the church painter Hermann Oetken, Delmenhorst , by master stonemason Konrad Kirchmair, Varel . The memorial plaque for the victims of the First World War was installed in the interior of the church on the north wall in 1922, expanded in 1973 and included in the memorial by the bell tower.

History of the parish

Wiefels pastors from 1532 to 1940

Clergy Period Remarks
Gerdt Wandscherer 1532-1538 Wandscherer was one of the 21 pastors from Jeverland who wrote about the Augsburg interim in 1548 at the instigation of the landlady, Miss Maria . At that time, however, he was already a pastor in Jever. He died in Jever in 1549.
Michael Hamminck 1542-1548 Hamminck also be found in the collection of Jever's Pastor confessions .
Siebrand Stelling 1565-1583 Siebrand Stelling is attested in the years 1564 and 1565 as pastor of Weene, parish Ihlow . He died March 30, 1583 at the age of 65 in Wiefels. His trapezoidal grave slab made of red sandstone , which earlier - like that of his successor - was set in front of the altar, now stands in the walled-up archway to the former north door of the church.
Christopherus Rudolphi 1584-1636 Rudolphi came from Jever. He studied at the University of Rostock in the winter semester of 1580/81 . In January 1636 he died in Wiefels; a fragment of his grave slab is attached to the northern inner wall of the Wiefels church.
Francis Docius 1637-1665 Docius was from Barmen . According to the register of the University of Rostock , he was registered there as a student in the winter semester 1623/24. He died in Wiefels in 1665.
In 1645 there was an open rift between the congregation and the pastor. Some citizens were asked to pay "fractions" for not attending church. They justified their absence by saying that they did not feel like being scolded from the pulpit or overhearing the pastor vilifying their relatives.
Hermannus Ger seine 1665-1674 Gerweise was born in Steinhausen in 1633 . He died on April 13, 1674 in Wiefels.
Bernhardus Eilerus (Eilers) 1675-1682 Eilerus was born in Jever in 1630. He came from St Joost to Wiefels, where he died in September 1682.
Johann Bernhard Lingius 1683-1718 Born in Jever in 1654, Lingius studied in Wittenberg . He died on June 6, 1718 in Wiefels.
Bernhard Friderici 1719-1763 Friderici, born on March 6, 1687 in Jever, studied in Wittenberg. He died in Wiefels on January 12, 1763.
Ludwig August Schween 1764-1780 Schween was born on September 3, 1727 in Jever, studied 1745–1747 in Jena and was appointed pastor to St. Joost on September 20, 1749. In 1764 he came to Wiefels, until 1780 he was called to Sillenstede . He died here on March 20, 1784.
Hermann Friedrich Hollmann 1781-1786 Born in Wangeroog, Hollmann studied in Göttingen . He was transferred from Zerbst to Wiefels and came to Jever in 1786.
Johann Christopher Anton Heintzen 1786-1795 Heintzen, born on November 21, 1758 in Jever, studied in Göttingen. He came from Jever to Wiefels, from there he was called to Hohenkirchen , where he died on June 14, 1822.
Johann Peters 1795-1809 Born on June 6, 1766 in Tettens , Peters came from Schortens to Wiefels and was then transferred to Neuende. He died on October 26, 1818 in Bant in the parish of Neuende .
Conrad Martin Joachim Ummen 1809-1826 Ummen, born on May 14, 1769 in Jever, studied in Jena. He came from St. Joost to Wiefels, where he died on September 20, 1826.
Heinrich Toel 1827-1840 Toel, born on July 8, 1796 in Jever, studied in Göttingen and Halle . He came to Wiefels from St. Joost. From there he was transferred to Wiarden , where he died on January 25, 1860.
Eduard Janßen Doden 1840-1874 Doden was born on August 7, 1805 in Waddewarden . He came from Neuenkirchen to Wiefels, where he died on December 29, 1874.
Heinrich Anton Jakobus Borchers 1875-1876 Borchers, born on December 20, 1845 in Hooksiel , studied in Jena and Tübingen. He came from Cloppenburg to Wiefels, where he died March 8, 1876.
Otto Hermann Max Giesselmann 1894-1902 Gießelmann, born on July 18, 1865 in Wildeshausen , studied in Greifswald and Berlin . He came from Delmenhorst to Wiefels and then went to Varel , was a member of the regional synod (1903–1934) and the synodal committee (1918–1933) and chairman of the liberal Oldenburg evangelical preachers' association . He died in Oldenburg in 1939 .
Rudolf Johann Wilhelm Siemer 1902-1921 Siemer, born on June 7, 1874 in Wildeshausen, studied in Erlangen and Leipzig . He came from Varel to Wiefels, where he died on December 28, 1921.
Friedrich Heinrich Lothar Dannemann 1925-1932 Dannemann, born on May 17, 1895 in Stuhr , was appointed pastor of Hatten in 1932 . He died July 21, 1979 in church had .
Heinz Hermann Lübben 1934-1940 Lübben was born on August 13, 1907 in Oldenburg. He came to Wiefels in 1934 as an assistant preacher. As a supporter of the Confessing Church , he came into conflict with the Oldenburg Oberkirchenrat and was expelled from Wiefels by the police from June 1935 to April 1936. In December 1936 the Confessing Church appointed him pastor in Wiefels. On July 1, 1940, the Oberkirchenrat transferred him to the parish of Dedesdorf . At the end of 1941 he was called up for field service. Lübben fell in Russia on June 19, 1942 .

Fateful years of the parish 1925 to 1947

On April 1, 1925, the parishes of Wiefels and Westrum were combined to form a single parish. In 1934, however, the connection fell into a serious crisis. The reason for this was the pastor's office candidate Heinz Lübben, who belonged to the Confessing Church and took up a position as a vacant preacher in Wiefels in 1934. While the Wiefels parishioners mostly sided with Lübben in the disputes with the Nazi- oriented German Christians , the Westrum church council, which stood by the German Christians , opposed the candidate for the pastorate. The union of the parishes of Westrum and Wiefels was canceled with effect from April 1, 1936. Lübben stayed in Wiefels until 1940. By ordinance of November 3, 1947, the parishes of Wiefels and Jever were merged to form the parish of Jever.

See also

literature

  • Dietrich Kohl , Adolf Rauchheld , Oskar Tenge: The architectural and art monuments of the Duchy of Oldenburg , edited on behalf of the Grand Ducal State Ministry. V. Heft: Die Ämter Brake, Butjadingen, Varel, Jever and Rüstringen, printed and published by Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1909, p. 298 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on October 15, 2015).
  • Hans Saebens, Christel Matthias Schröder : The churches of Jeverland. Verlag CL Mettcker & Sons, Jever 1956, pp. 12, 31.
  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Klaus Wilkens: Frisian churches in Jeverland and Harlingerland. 2nd, revised edition, Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1981, p. 44.
  • Günter Müller: The old churches and bell towers of the Oldenburger Land. Kayser-Verlag, Oldenburg 1983, p. 178 f.
  • Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: God's houses in Friesland and Wilhelmshaven , Verlag Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1991, ISBN 978-3-922365-95-2 , p. 115 ff.
  • Wilhelm Gilly: Medieval churches and chapels in the Oldenburger Land. Building history and inventory. Isensee Verlag , Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-126-6 , p. 174 f.
  • Wolfgang Koppen: A pastor who fended off Satan's projectiles with his bare hand. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of April 4, 1996.
  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 38 f., 41 .
  • Ingeborg Nöldeke: The stuff that churches are made of. Heiber Druck & Verlag, Schortens 2009, ISBN 978-3-936691-40-5 , p. 30 ff.
  • Justin Kroesen, Regnerus Steensma: Churches in East Friesland and their medieval furnishings. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-159-1 , p. 12, 139 ff., 143f.
  • Axel Bürgener , Klaus Siewert: Saalkirchen im Wangerland , Verlag "Auf der Warft", Münster - Hamburg - Wiarden 2015, ISBN 978-3-939211-97-6 , p. 131 ff.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Lutheran Church Wiefels  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ A copy book of the Bremen cathedral chapter kept in the royal archives in Stade , from which the ecclesiastical division of the diocese of Bremen in 1420 emerges.
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Runge: The ev.-luth. Church in Wiefels. In: Oldenburger Sonntagsblatt , No. 13 of March 31, 1974, p. 4.
  3. ^ A b Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments , Bremen / Lower Saxony ; 2nd edition, revised by Gerd Weiß and others, Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 1992, ISBN 978-3-422-03022-0 , p. 1356.
  4. ↑ Wiefelser Church threatens to collapse. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt from January 15, 1951.
  5. ↑ A new west wall for the Wiefels church. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of October 6, 1953.
  6. ^ Karl-Heinz Peters: The altar in the Wiefels church. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, December 2007 - February 2008, p. 8 f.
  7. ↑ Karl-Heinz Peters: Again: The altar of the Wiefels church. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, March - May 2008, p. 6.
  8. ^ Dietrich Diederichs-Gottschalk : The Protestant written altars of the 16th and 17th centuries in northwest Germany. Schnell + Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 978-3-7954-1762-8 , pp. 186 ff.
  9. ↑ Christoph Hinz: Wiefelser written altar in Bremen - precious evidence of the Reformation on trips. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of October 7, 2019, pp. 1, 3.
  10. ↑ Volker Landig: The old falls, time changes, and new life blossoms out of the ruins. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Parish of Jever, Christmas 1996, p. 2 f.
  11. ↑ Helmut Burlager: Behind a pile of firewood survives the bad times. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of April 5, 1997.
  12. ↑ Karl-Heinz Peters: A sound cover for the pulpit of the Wiefels church. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, March - May 2007, p. 6.
  13. ^ Karl-Heinz Peters: Schalldeckel-Nachrichten. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, March - May 2008, p. 7.
  14. ↑ Volker Landig: The Wiefels baptismal font. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Kirchengemeinde Jever, Erntedankfest 1993, p. 1.
  15. ^ Karl-Heinz Peters: The baptismal font of our churches. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, March - May 2011, p. 8 f.
  16. ↑ Fritz sign: Organ Atlas of historical and modern organs of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg. Florian Noetzel Verlag, Wilhelmshaven 2008, ISBN 3-7959-0894-9 , pp. 252 f., 418 (Fig. 387 and 388).
  17. ^ Organ of the Wiefels Church , accessed on October 11, 2015.
  18. ↑ Adolf Rauchheld: Oldenburg bell history. In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch des Verein für Altertumskunde und Landesgeschichte, Volume 29, printed and published by Gerhard Stalling , Oldenburg i. O. 1925, p. 5 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on November 27, 2015).
  19. ↑ Gabriele Dittrich, Wilfried Schneider: Bell atlas. A documentation of the bells of Protestant churches in the Oldenburger Land. Ev.-luth. Oberkirchenrat of the Ev.-luth. Church in Oldenburg, Oldenburg 2016, p. 64 ( digital library , accessed on December 22, 2017).
  20. ^ Full ringing of the bells of the Wiefels Church, accessed on November 26, 2015.
  21. ↑ Hermann Voesgen, Helma Winkler (ed.): Document on the church fight project - scenes from the fight of the parish Wiefels for their pastor. DATO-Druck, Oldenburg 1992, p. 20.
  22. ↑ The categorization of bells in World War II went from A to D. A-bells were preferably melted down, while B-bells had to be removed and delivered, but were postponed from being melted down. Only particularly old and art-historically valuable bells in categories C and D were allowed to remain in the towers, with C bells being in a “waiting position” and D bells being excluded from being melted down.
  23. ^ Karl-Heinz Peters: The bells of the Wiefelser church. In “community letter” of the ev.-luth. Jever parish, June - July - August 2016, p. 4 ff.
  24. ↑ Wiefels memorial for the victims of the world wars , accessed on October 11, 2015.
  25. ↑ Achim Knöfel, Reinhard Rittner: 100 Years of Church Painter Hermann Oetken 1909–1998. In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch, Volume 109, Isensee-Verlag , Oldenburg 2009, ISBN 978-389995-669-6 , p. 61 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on November 9, 2015).
  26. ↑ Johannes Ramsauer (Ed.): The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg since the Reformation. Compiled by July 1, 1903 in the "Oldenburgischen Kirchenblatt", year 1903 ff. Verlag Ad. Littmann, Oldenburg 1909 ( digital library , accessed October 18, 2015).
  27. ↑ Hans Warntjen (ed.): The preachers of the Duchy of Oldenburg from the Reformation to the present. DATO-Druck, Oldenburg 1980.
  28. ↑ Rolf Schäfer (Ed.): The Jeverschen Pastor Confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburger Interim , Mohr Siebeck Verlag , Tübingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-16-151910-9 , pp. 28–32.
  29. ↑ There are different spellings. This follows Rolf Schäfer (ed.): The Jeverschen Pastor Confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburg Interim , Tübingen 2012, p. 41
  30. ↑ Rolf Schäfer (Ed.): The Jeverschen Pastor Confessions 1548 on the occasion of the Augsburger Interim , Tübingen 2012, pp. 41–44
  31. ^ Pastors von Weene ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed April 10, 2019.
  32. ↑ Werner Beyer: The history of the Jeverland as reflected in Latin inscriptions of the 16th century. In: The history calendar for 2001, Verlag Brune-Mettcker, Jever 2000, p. 70 ff.
  33. ↑ Online register of the University of Rostock: Rudolphi, Christophorus - Ieuerensis ; accessed on October 16, 2015
  34. ^ Online register of the University of Rostock: Franziscus Docius - Barmensis ; accessed on October 16, 2015
  35. ↑ In the old legal language, "break" denoted an offense and the punishment for it.
  36. ↑ Old churches of the homeland . In: Heimat am Meer , supplement to Wilhelmshavener Zeitung , No. 6/1977, from March 19, 1977, p. 24.
  37. ↑ a b c d e Chronicle of the community of Wiefels. - Started in 1894. Unpaginated , unpublished; Holdings of the parish archive of the ev.-luth. Jever parish.
  38. ^ Reinhard Rittner: Ludwig Müller - Naval Pastor in Wilhelmshaven, later Reich Bishop . In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch, Volume 107, Isensee – Verlag, Oldenburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89995-456-2 , p. 141 ( digital library , accessed on November 6, 2015).
  39. ↑ Anniversaries in 2015 , accessed on October 20, 2015.
  40. ↑ Hermann Voesgen, Helma Winkler (ed.): Document on the church fight project - scenes from the fight of the parish Wiefels for their pastor.
  41. ↑ Law of February 24, 1925, regarding the connection of the parishes of Wiefels and Westrum to form a single parish (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Oldenburg region in the Free State of Oldenburg of March 5, 1925, p. 33).
  42. ↑ For the so-called Wiefels church
    struggle and Heinz Lübben see: Alfred Fleßner: Collective processing of the National Socialist past as a mental process: the village of Wiefels and the Protestant church struggle (dissertation, University of Oldenburg). Isensee – Verlag, Oldenburg 2002, ISBN 978-3895988660 ( online publication , accessed October 11, 2015).
    Rolf Schäfer, Joachim Kuropka , Reinhard Rittner, Heinrich Schmidt : Oldenburg Church History. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Isensee-Verlag, Oldenburg 2005, ISBN 3-89995-161-1 , pp. 723, 727 f.
  43. ↑ Law of September 3, 1936 on the abolition of the Wiefels-Westrum parish and the formation of the Waddewarden-Westrum parish (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Oldenburg region in the Free State of Oldenburg of September 5, 1936, p. 360).
  44. ↑ Ordinance, concerning the union of the parishes of Jever and Wiefels (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg - Part I - of November 15, 1947, p. 92).

Coordinates: 53 ° 35 ′ 51.5 ″  N , 7 ° 52 ′ 12.8 ″  E