Harzgerode

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 51 ° 38 '  N , 11 ° 8'  E
Basic data
State :	Saxony-Anhalt
County :	resin
Height :	395 m above sea level NHN
Area :	164.66 km 2
Residents:	7709 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	47 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	06493
Primaries :	039484, 039488 (Güntersberge, Siptenfelde), 039489 (Straßberg)
License plate :	HZ, HBS, QLB, WR
Community key :	15 0 85 145
City administration address :	Marktplatz 1 06493 Harzgerode
Website :	www.harzgerode.de
Mayor :	Marcus Weise (CDU)
Location of the city of Harzgerode in the Harz district

Harzgerode is a town in the Harz district in Saxony-Anhalt . Together with the districts of Alexisbad, Mägdesprung and Silberhütte, Harzgerode became a state-approved resort in December 1998 .

geography

Community structure

Alexisbad Hänichen Monastery mill Cutting mill Dankerode City of Güntersberge Bärenrode Friedrichshöhe Cottage settlement Markscheide Harzgerode Harzgerode Sanatorium Koenigerode

Maiden jump Wire drawing Steel hammer First hammer / I. Friedrichhammer Second hammer / II. Friedrichhammer Third hammer / III. Friedrichhammer Fourth hammer / IV. Friedrichhammer Scheerenstieg Schibeck Cutting mill Meiseberg Selke mill

Neudorf Birnbaumteich holiday park Bungalow settlement on the Harzgeröder footpath Wolfsberg cottage settlement Prince Viktor Wayhouse Squint clinic Silver hut Siptenfelde Strassberg Old fluor Lindenberg

climate

Harzgerode climate diagram

The average air temperature in Harzgerode is 6.9 ° C.

The annual precipitation is 553 mm. The precipitation is in the lower third of the measuring points of the German Weather Service . Only 22% show lower values. The driest month is October; it rains most in June. In the wettest month there is around 1.6 times more rain than in the driest month. The seasonal fluctuations in precipitation are in the lower third. In just 1% of all places, the monthly precipitation fluctuates less.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities and towns are (clockwise): Thale , Quedlinburg , and Ballenstedt in the north, Falkenstein / Harz and Mansfeld ( MSH ) in the east, Sangerhausen (MSH), Südharz (MSH) and Harztor ( NDH ) in the south and Oberharz am Brocken in the West.

history

town hall

Crumbled Silberhütte in the Silberhütte district

From the monastic market town to the award of city rights (10th to 14th centuries)

The first written mention of Harzgerode shows that in Hasacanroth (Harzgerode) the Hagananrothe ( Hagenrode ) in the Selketal was built by King Otto III in 993 . market, coin and customs law was exercised. Both settlements were owned by the Benedictine monastery in Nienburg . For Harzgerode, the granting of market rights became the prerequisite for its development into the economic center of the Lower Harz. At the same time it was the place of judgment for a number of neighboring villages. The monastery property, shown as having 50 hooves, suggests a villication (Fronhof) of the monastery in Harzgerode. A prefect, representing the abbot, supervised the property of the Benedictines and protected their rights. No information is available for the Middle Ages about the exercise of the right to mint, which was transferred to Nienburg for around two centuries from 1035 .

The secular guardian bailiffs of the Nienburg monastery, the princes of Anhalt , gradually ousted the abbot from the sovereign position and received the bailiwick of Harzgerode as an imperial fiefdom in the middle of the 14th century. 1326 mentioned Prince Bernhard III. for the first time his slot (castle) in Harzgerode. He probably gave Harzgerode also the first time in 1338 testified municipal law . Some ministerials resident in Harzgerode, enfeoffed by the princes, such as von Harz, von Harzrode, von Röder and von Zweidorf, were in the service of the new masters.

Time of pledging (15th / 16th century)

1398 pledged Prince Otto III. the castle and its share in the city to a Mansfeld count. It was not until 1536 that the four princes who were then ruling in Anhalt were able to release the area of ​​the Harzgerode and Güntersberge offices from the pledge, which was finally in the hands of the Stolberg Count after several changes of pledgee. In the meantime, the area around the city had expanded in whole or in part to include some of the nearby desolate, fallen villages whose inhabitants had moved to Harzgerode, such as Easter village, Eberschwende, Anhalt, Mizziloke, Bölkendorf and Abtsföhrde. At the end of the 15th century, the possibly first paving of a street was mentioned as a "stone path". A town hall that was already there at that time indicates the existence of local self-government. In 1525 Harzgeröder took part in a looting campaign during the Peasants' War , which affected the provost of Hagenrode and the Ballenstedt monastery.

From the Reformation to the Thirty Years War (16th / 17th century)

After Anhalt took over sovereignty in 1536, the city became the administrative seat of the Harzgerode / Güntersberge dual office. During this time, the Reformation prevailed and the first Lutheran preachers got their jobs. With the mountain freedom proclaimed in 1538 , the princes hoped to be able to quickly overcome the desolate economic situation of their Harz estates. Harzgerode became the center of mining activities. The city grew around the suburbs of Freiheit and Ehrenberg, a new smelter was built in the Selke Valley, and a mint was also in operation at the end of the century. After an outbreak of the plague, a hospital was set up outside the city around 1550 and a cemetery was rebuilt next to it, while the one next to the church was closed. In 1549, by order of the sovereign Prince Georg III . the new construction of the castle including a forecourt (domain). The inclusion of Anhalt in the Schmalkaldic War (1546/47) initially impaired the economic upturn. The change of faith ordered by the princes at the end of the century, the adoption of Calvinism , initially met with fierce resistance from the Harzgeröder.

Due to its protected location, Harzgerode itself suffered little from armed conflicts, but the city was repeatedly devastated by fire. Around 1500 there was the first recorded great conflagration. In 1635 (on St. John's Day) all buildings in the city burned down except for seven houses, in 1659 the next big fire followed. On June 30, 1722, 42 houses were destroyed by flames and on October 23, 1817 another 52 buildings.

Harzgerode felt the effects of the Thirty Years' War very early on. In 1623 the city was the assembly point of a flag set up for national defense , which quickly became a burden for the population. In the years that followed, the city suffered from the passage of troops, billeting, persistent demands from the military and additional looting. Only in the summer of 1631 did the citizens manage to repel attacks twice. Twenty years after the war, 20 house positions in the suburbs had not been filled again due to population losses.

Princely residence (17th / 18th century)

The Harzgeröder Castle

When the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg was divided between two brothers in 1635, Harzgerode became the residence of the Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode . The seat of the prince was the Harzgeröder Castle , which was newly built in the middle of the 16th century . Prince Friedrich was followed in 1670 by his son Wilhelm , with his death in 1709 the Harzgerode prince line again extinguished and the territory reverted to Bernburg. The royal seat in particular benefited from the efforts of the princes to overcome the war damage in their little land as quickly as possible. As early as 1646, Prince Friedrich had the Mägdesprung ironworks built together with a merchant. The royal court and the arrival of some noble families stimulated the economy. In 1682 the foundation stone was laid for a new suburb, which later became Augustenstadt. The establishment of a company focused on the promotion of ores containing silver brought the city a considerable increase in population, with the mountain town a further suburb was created, a silver smelter was set up in the Selketal and silver coins were minted in Harzgerode. The collapse of the heavily indebted mining company and the soon following dissolution of the royal court and its institutions made the Harzgeröder region an area of ​​emergency at the beginning of the 18th century.

Industrial center of the Principality / Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg (18th / 19th century)

After 1710 the population decreased. A new upswing began in the middle of the century with the resumption of iron smelting in Mägdesprung, the continuously operating silver smelter and increasing mining activity. The Harzgeröder region became the industrial center of the Principality / Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg for a long time. The Anhalt Harz was spared acts of war during the Seven Years' War , but its effects were evident in troop movements, contribution payments and forced drafts for the Prussian military. For more than two years, a mint associated with the Prussian “Mint Jews” minted inferior coins in the palace, so that the imperial Viennese court advisor declared Harzgerode a “hedge mint town”.

After the war, the majority of the Harzgeröder took part in the protest movement ("conspiracy") originating from Bernburg, which was directed against the unjustified raising of the contribution and the economic and financial burdens imposed by Prince Viktor Friedrich . Harzgerode was the only place in the principality where there was an open riot in 1767. The economic development of the region was reflected in the lively market life, from which three multi-day annual markets stood out, and the prosperous handicrafts. At the end of the 18th century, 19 trades had come together to form guilds, and there was also a brotherhood of journeyman masons.

The inclusion of Anhalt in the Napoleonic system of rule meant renewed economic burdens for Harzgerode, the participation of around three dozen of his sons in the Napoleonic wars, from which most of them never returned. On September 10, 1810, the topping-out ceremony took place in the emerging Alexisbad , after Mägdesprung and Silberhütte the third district of Harzgerode.

Encouraged by the revolutionary movement emanating from France, the Harzgeröder responded in March 1848 with numerous political and social demands. As a result, a city parliament and the mayor could be elected for the first time, the domain was also dissolved and numerous families came into possession of house cables (small fields).

The time in the united Duchy of Anhalt (1863-1918)

In Anhalt, which was unified into a state in 1863, Duke Leopold IV. Friedrich chose the Mägdesprunger management house as his residence in the Ballenstedt district . After the pits were exhausted, the smelting had to be gradually stopped. The Silberhütte closed its operations in 1909, the Mägdesprunger Hütte specialized in artificial casting and mechanical engineering using foreign ore. Numerous new jobs were created by the ironworks founded in Harzgerode in 1872. Silberhütte became the center of wood processing in the Lower Harz, and a powder mill with the production of pyrotechnic products started in 1893. The connection to the German railway network established in 1888 by the Gernrode-Harzgeroder Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (narrow-gauge Selketalbahn) promoted the economic development of the Harz region.

In 1901 Harzgerode received its current town hall. The arrival of technical progress at this time was evident with the installation of a water pipe and energy supply from a gas works. The workforce, which had grown in numbers, founded its own clubs and in 1904 a local branch of the SPD . Harzgerode was now considered the red heart of the Harz. After the beginning of the First World War, in which 159 Harzgeröder died, the ironworks and powder mill were quickly converted to armaments production. As part of the November Revolution, a workers and soldiers council was formed immediately.

The last time it was minted in Harzgerode was in 1831. In the time of need after the war, Harzgerode made do with its own printed paper money.

Weimar Republic and National Socialist Germany

In the 1919 city council election, the SPD won 11 out of 15 seats. Harzgerode was one of the three communities in Anhalt in which the left held the majority in the local parliament until 1933. In connection with the defense against the Kapp Putsch in 1920, a strong vigilante group equipped with infantry weapons was formed for a few months. With the “Volksheim” built with funds from the SPD and trade unions, the workers were given their own club premises in 1928. During the years of economic stabilization, Harzgerode was the economic center of the Ballenstedt district thanks to a number of flourishing companies with 1,100 industrial jobs. In 1925 it was connected to the electricity network. In 1931 a lung sanatorium built in the Bauhaus style was opened. In the wake of the global economic crisis, there were mass layoffs, the ironworks L. Meyer jun. & Co. with 500 employees previously ceased production in 1932.

Despite a narrow left-wing majority in the last election, the NSDAP also assumed sole rule in Harzgerode in 1933 . The city became a location for the arms industry. The newly founded Mitteldeutsche Leichtmetallwerke with 1650 employees in two factory complexes supplied accessories for aircraft construction and the pyrotechnic company Silberhütte supplies lighting and signaling equipment. Approx. 1200 prisoners and forced laborers covered the growing need for workers during the war. Some new streets were built in the north and south-east of the city for civilian workers who had moved in. Organized resistance against the fascist regime developed from the end of 1943, which in March 1945 led to several arrests resulting in death for one prisoner. Before Harzgerode was captured by the US Army, 18 people were killed by fire.

From the post-war period to the end of the GDR

From April 15, 1945 Harzgerode was under American military administration. In addition to 4,500 long-term residents, around 4,500 evacuees, refugees and prisoners of war had to be looked after with great difficulty. From July 1, 1945, the city belonged to the Soviet occupation zone. The partially dismantled and plundered or newly founded companies began to produce again only gradually. The supply situation was made more difficult as a result of the Selke Valley Railway, which was also dismantled and which did not resume operation until 1950. In 1946/47 340 families were able to improve their supply situation by clearing around 40 hectares of forest for clearing.

In the 1950s, the planned implementation of socialism began to be felt in many areas. The LPG (Agricultural Production Cooperative), which was dissolved after the uprising of June 17, 1953 , was re-established in 1954. By 1959, all of the Harzgerode farmers joined them, sometimes under massive pressure. Handicraft businesses such as hairdressers, carpenters, painters and builders were pushed to form PGH (Production Cooperative for the Crafts). Some medium-sized companies were converted into VEB ( state-owned company) in 1972 after a phase of “state participation” . Two previously expropriated production companies were merged in 1960 to form VEB Druckguss- und Kolbenwerke, which quickly expanded and developed into the largest piston manufacturer in the GDR with 1250 employees. Harzgerode became an outstanding example of advancing industrialization in the Quedlinburg district, with around 3,000 industrial jobs in the end. Housing for the new workers was mainly created in two new development areas built from the 1960s onwards.

Summer camps and homes of the trade union, the party and state security agencies as well as private accommodation accounted for around 240,000 overnight stays in 1988. In 1982 Harzgerode had received the title of " state-approved resort ".

As in many other places, there were protest demonstrations in Harzgerode in November 1989, which led to the rapid collapse of the state and social system of the GDR.

Federal Republic of Germany

In Harzgerode, 68% of the electorate took part in the first local elections under democratic conditions on May 6, 1990, in which ten parties and electoral associations competed. The CDU took first place with 27%, followed by the New Citizens' Forum. The political and economic turnaround resulted in surprisingly strong slumps. Only two of the holiday homes survived in the OT Alexisbad. At the beginning of 1991 the LPG dissolved. The number of employees in the factories fell sharply; some stopped production entirely, such as the gas appliance factory in Mägdesprung, the Rinkemühle woodworks in Silberhütte and the brickworks. The specialist children's hospital for lung and bronchial diseases was also closed. The unemployment rate in the city rose to 16% by 1998. The number of births fell rapidly and has been less than half of all deaths since 1991, and there was immediate strong emigration. Since 1988 the number of inhabitants has decreased by 40%.

In 1993 Harzgerode celebrated its 1000th anniversary with a festival week, while Silberhütte looked back on its 300th anniversary.

In 1994 a so-called “ Centennial Flood” of the Selke caused damage of around 20 million marks mainly in the districts.

The job creation scheme ( ABM ) employed up to 100 people at times. Initially abundant funding and generous loans could be used for the beginning modernization and redesign of the city and its surroundings. Some of the old establishments found new users and stabilized. An industrial park with around 700 jobs was created on the site of the former die-casting and piston works, from autumn 1993 a shopping park was built on Stolberger Strasse and in 2000, 15 companies were producing in the Augustenhöhe industrial park. Industrial wastelands were re-used, so the Schlossberg residential and shopping center as well as the Rewe supermarket with park design and the Waldhof in Silberhütte were created. The number of industrial jobs is around 1200 again. According to the state development plan, Harzgerode was classified as a “state-significant commercial and industrial location”.

In 1999 the modernized outdoor swimming pool Albertine was opened. The Goldener Herbst retirement and nursing home has been in use since 2002. In 2003 the sewage treatment plant in the Long Valley was put into operation and in 2004 the two-field sports hall Ernst Bremmel was handed over. In 2010, several events took place on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the Alexisbad.

In 2018 Harzgerode had almost 2,000 industrial jobs and more than 3,000 jobs subject to social insurance.

Harzgerode received the award as Commune of the Year 2018 from the East German Savings Banks Association of the State of Saxony-Anhalt and was awarded the 2018 demography project of the State of Saxony-Anhalt.

250 years of Jews in Harzgerode

After the Thirty Years' War, the Princes of Anhalt opened their borders to the influx of Jewish families in order to use their financial activities and extensive trade relations to overcome the war damage. The first Jews settled in Harzgerode during the reign of Prince Wilhelm . They were attracted by the region's economic boom at the end of the 17th century and the existence of a royal court. In 1709 ten families paid protection money to the princely fund. Their number rose to 16 over the next decade, but then fell as a result of the economic stagnation in the Harz Mountains to 12 Jewish heads of household. According to the Harzgerode judicial officer in 1781, they formed a small but divided and quarrelsome community .

In a census in the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg in 1803, 93 Jews were determined for Harzgerode, around 5% of the population. In 1809 the community had a synagogue consecrated, and a school was first mentioned in 1742. As traders mainly focused on the textile business, Jews from Harzgerode regularly took part in the Leipzig trade fair . Some doctors emerged from their community, as well as Immanuel Wohlwill, who was related to Heinrich Heine and who became known as a Reform Jew . In the middle of the 19th century, some master craftsmen belonged to the Jewish community for the first time. After the revolution of 1848, one of their merchants performed local political functions as a member of parliament and city council.

Although the number of Jews fell sharply from the middle of the 19th century, 52 were counted in 1896 and only 29 in 1910, they now occupied the first economic positions. The Meyer-Ahlfeld family owned the most important textile business (department store) in the Lower Harz and the Meyer family rose, starting from a craft business, to become the owner of the largest industrial company with 500 employees in the Ballenstedt district. Selmar Meyer as owner of the company "Eisenwerk L. Meyer jun. & Co. Harzgerode ”, who had followed his father Lipmann, made it up to chairman of the Harzgerode city council and in 1908 also moved into the Anhalt state parliament.

In 1933 there were still eight Jews living in Harzgerode, the last of whom was Selmar Meyer's widow to be buried in the Jewish cemetery in 1940. Only one of them, the doctor Dr. Manneberg, who was banned from working in 1934, died in a concentration camp . Eleven other Jews born in Harzgerode but moved away at a young age can be identified as victims of the Holocaust .

In 2011, students from the Harzgerode secondary school, the Protestant parish and the Junge Union, supported by sponsors, began restoring the former Jewish cemetery. Years of Jewish history are to be commemorated with a memorial stone.

Districts

In terms of settlement history, the age of most districts goes back more than 1000 years, according to Siptenfelde as early as 936. The youngest district is Alexisbad , founded 200 years ago by Duke Alexius as a spa. Architecture and local planning go back to the architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The most famous spa guest was Carl Maria von Weber in 1820 .

Güntersberge and Harzgerode had city rights. Most of the districts belonged for the majority of the time to the Duchy of Anhalt, but Straßberg to the County of Stolberg-Stolberg . In Harzgerode, Silberhütte, Mägdesprung, Straßberg and Neudorf, mining was carried out for centuries and there were metallurgical plants. Today there are still many shafts in the area of ​​the city. The history of mining can still be experienced today in the Glasebach mine in the Straßberg district. The mining water management system of the middle Lower Harz , the Unterharzer pond and ditch system , is located entirely in today's urban area of ​​Harzgerode on the districts of Straßberg and Neudorf. The traces of mining history can be explored via three educational mining trails . Both parts of the pond and grave system and the locations of most mines and mining industry are a result today by mining Tannen marked.

But also the castle in Harzgerode as well as the castle ruins of Burg Anhalt (between Harzgerode and Mägdesprung) and Güntersburg (near the district Güntersberge) bear witness to the origin of the region with an eventful history.

In 1994 Harzgerode became the seat of the newly founded Unterharz administrative association.

On August 1, 2009, the towns of Güntersberge (with the former districts of Friedrichshöhe and Bärenrode ), Harzgerode (with the former districts of Alexisbad, Mägdesprung and Silberhütte) and the communities of Dankerode , Königerode , Schielo , Siptenfelde and Straßberg merged to form the new town of Harzgerode. On September 1, 2010 Neudorf was incorporated.

On July 1, 2014, the new municipal constitutional law of the state of Saxony-Anhalt came into force. In its § 14 (2) the municipalities are given the opportunity to assign this designation to the districts that were towns before the incorporation. The city of Harzgerode has made use of this regulation. In its main statute valid in 2017, the districts are listed with their official names in Section 1 (2).

Religions

The Protestant Christians in Harzgerode belong to the parish of St. Marien in Harzgerode (Harzgerode, Alexisbad, Mägdesprung) in the Ballenstedt parish of the Evangelical Church of Anhalt .

The Roman Catholic Christians in Harzgerode belong to the Catholic parish of St. Elisabeth in Ballenstedt (parishes in Ballenstedt with the church of St. Elisabeth, Gernrode <use of the Protestant collegiate church> and Harzgerode with the church of St. Johannes Baptist ) in the Halberstadt dean's office of the Magdeburg diocese . Other Catholic institutions in Harzgerode are from Malteser -borne rescue station and the meeting place for social clubs and facilities.

There is also an Evangelical Free Church ( Baptist ) community in Harzgerode.

politics

City council

Harzgeröder city council in earlier times

A Harzgeröder city council is mentioned for the first time at the beginning of the 15th century. In 1422 four people are named as councilors, one of whom was mayor and three councilors ( Rathmannen ). In addition to the “seated council”, there were two other dormant councils, which changed official business every year. Thus, the city had three mayors and nine councilors, referred to as council relatives. If a place became available on the committee, the others suggested a successor who had to be confirmed by the governor or later by the judicial officer or the prince. This opened the door to nepotism. At the beginning of the 18th century the number of councils was reduced to two, each consisting of a mayor and two councilors. A century later it was a permanent council with a mayor and two councilors. According to the city constitution of 1540, the council should only meet on Mondays and carry out its tasks here: make decisions in the context of city administration and exercise civil jurisdiction, which was limited to punishing minor offenses.

In 1848 a city council consisting of 12 people was elected for the first time. The first mayor elected in July 1849, Kaufmann Große, was unable to take up office on time because at that time he was in custody for high treason due to his political stance in the 1848 revolution.

Current city council

City council election 2019 Turnout: 57.7% (2014: 45.8%)  % 50 40 30th 20th 10 0 48.7% 30.5% 9.7% 9.0% 2.2% CDU UWG b left SPD Green Gains and losses compared to 2014  % p  10    8th    6th    4th    2    0   -2   -4   -6   -8th + 9.4  % p -7.0  % p -2.8  % p -1.8  % p + 2.2  % p CDU UWG b left SPD Green Remarks: b different groups of voters

Allocation of seats in the city council          A total of 20 seats Left : 2 SPD : 2 BV lower resin : 2 FWG : 1 UWS : 1 UB Siptenfelde : 1 Citizens for Neudorf : 1 CDU : 10

The Harzgerode town council has 20 members plus the mayor Marcus Weise (CDU).

After the local elections on May 26, 2019 (changes to the 2014 election in brackets), this is composed as follows:

• CDU : 10 seats (+2)
• Voter groups: 6 seats (–2)
• The left : 2 seats (± 0)
• SPD : 2 seats (± 0)

The voter groups are made up of: Bürgererverein Unterharz (BVU; 2 seats), Free voter community Dankerode (FWG; 1 seat), Independent voter community Straßberg (UWG; 1 seat), Bürger für Neudorf (1 seat) and Independent Citizens Community Siptenfelde (UB; 1 seat)

The turnout in 2019 was 57.75% (+ 11.8% p).

mayor

Marcus Weise (CDU) has been mayor of the city of Harzgerode since January 1, 2017. He was previously the local mayor.

See also : Mayor of the city of Harzgerode since 1900

Local council

The local council of the city of Harzgerode has been composed as follows since the local elections on May 26, 2019:

• CDU: 4 seats
• BVU: 2 seats
• The left: 1 seat

Local mayor

• 2010-2014: Horst Schöne
• 2015–2016: Marcus Weise
• since 2017: Katja Andersch

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved by the district on November 19, 2010.

Blazon : “In silver, a green mountain covered with silver mallets and iron, growing on it in front a green fir tree and behind a green linden tree, in the middle an open black jointed red city gate with a city wall attached to the left and right and a pinnacle tower with window opening and a blue pointed roof with golden knobs. "

The colors of the city of Harzgerode are white and red.

flag

The flag is white-red (1: 1) striped (lengthwise: stripes running vertically) and centered with the city coat of arms.

Town twinning

• Harzgerode district with Leval ( France ) since 1999
• District Güntersberge with Bockenem (Lower Saxony)
• District of Straßberg with Straßberg (Vogtl.)

Attractions

Castle courtyard

Town hall and ev. St. Mary's Church

Catholic Church of St. John Baptist

Museums

• Castle Museum, Schlossberg
• Technical Museum Maschinenfabrik Carlswerk
• Harzgerode Pharmacy Museum in the tower of the Protestant Church of St. Marien
• Mine museum pit Glasebach , Strassberg
• Mousetrap and curiosity museum , Güntersberge
• Old school, Güntersberge

Churches

• Protestant St. Marien Church (OT Harzgerode, Am Marktplatz)
• Protestant Church of St. Petrus and Paulus (OT Neudorf, Hauptstrasse)
• Evangelical Petruskapelle Alexisbad (built in 1815 as a tea house according to plans by KF Schinkel).
• Catholic Church St. Johannes Baptist (OT Harzgerode, Alexisbader Straße 6) from 1953 (belongs to the parish of St. Elisabeth Ballenstedt)

Secular buildings

• historic town center in the Harzgerode district
• Harzgerode town hall
• Harzgerode Sanatorium , Bauhaus-style monument
• Wolfshof Inn
• Waldhof , remnants of an earlier metal smelter

Historical monuments

• Harzgerode Castle
• Güntersburg castle ruins near the town of Güntersberge
• In the vicinity of the Mägdesprung district, the Heinrichsberg Castle and the ruins of Anhalt Castle , ancestral castle of the House of Anhalt , in the Selke Valley, which gave the whole country its name
• Memorial stone from 1964 on the former Jewish cemetery in memory of the Jewish victims of the Shoah
• Grave site in the local cemetery for the social democratic resistance fighter August Wolf , who was murdered in the local prison on March 8, 1945. Both a memorial erected for him and his memorial stone were removed after 1990.
• Grave fields for the German soldiers who died in April 1945 at the Harzgerode cemetery

See also : List of cultural monuments in Harzgerode

Culture, education and clubs

Education

From the beginning to the middle of the 19th century

In 1544 a schoolmaster is mentioned for the first time, who then went to Güntersberge as a pastor. Two of his successors also took over pastoral positions. This accumulation of theologians as teachers gave rise to the assumption that there was a Latin school in Harzgerode at that time. Around 1570 the school staff consisted of the cantor and a schoolmaster, both paid by the church, and a schoolmistress, who received her living from the city coffers and school fees. In the first decade of the 17th century, a four-class school system was established that lasted for around two and a half centuries. The boys began as students in the elementary class, which was followed by the cantor class. Those who aspired to higher education could then attend the rector's class for a few years. Girls were reserved for the "maid class", led by the "maiden school master" with the support of an adjunct. For each class there was a separate building with a teacher's apartment and livestock facility. These houses were built after the inner-city cemetery to the east of St. Mary's Church was closed. The schoolmaster also performed the sexton service in the church, while the cantor was responsible for teaching the pupils in addition to teaching them how to perform singing in church activities. Rectors, the superiors of the rest of the teaching staff, were mostly young theologians. The teachers were paid mainly from the church treasury, and there was also natural produce for everyone in the form of bread grain and firewood. School fees were not customary in Harzgerode.

Harzgerode was one of the few places in the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg where there was a curator who belonged to just under a dozen students in the rector's class. As young people with gifted voices, they traveled through town singing twice a week, performed regularly as choirs at church services and received training as schoolmasters and organists. Johann Philipp Sack , who was born in 1722 as the son of a journeyman bricklayer and who became a teacher at the cathedral school in Berlin and made a name for himself as an organist and composer, made it furthest . After a teachers' seminar was set up in Bernburg in 1841, teacher training in Harzgerode ended and with it the existence of the students.

From the second half of the 19th century to 1945

In 1842 the smaller school buildings were replaced by a multi-class school in the classical style. A growing number of pupils and the compulsory schooling, which had finally been enforced since the beginning of the 19th century, forced the establishment of a second elementary class and the introduction of school fees in 1844. By the end of the century, the school had some extensions and after the construction of a larger school building at the White Garden in 1906 there was the old school and the new school, in which both the elementary school and a middle school with its numerous classes were located.

Harzgerode looks back on a past as an important school location in the old district of Ballenstedt. A Jewish school was first mentioned in 1742 and existed well into the 19th century. Short-lived educational institutions were a forest school established in 1823 and a secondary school for girls opened in 1854 under the direction of a young theologian. The town musician trained music students for a few decades from the 1830s. In 1843 a Sunday school for young craftsmen and mountain boys was launched, which was continued through the public vocational training school founded in 1894. In addition, there was a commercial college from 1907. Both have operated together since 1932 as a commercial vocational school. Up until the first decade of the 20th century, the next generation of employees at the Silberhütte had been trained in their own mountain and smelting school. A petition from working mothers had been complied with in 1901 with the establishment of the Friederiken School in the mountain town as a “small children's institution”. Suitable for the admission of a maximum of 80 children, it existed as an early form of the kindergarten until 1923. From 1927 there was a two-class "Agricultural School for the Eastern Harz", which was moved to Ballenstedt in the mid-30s.

The districts of Mägdesprung and Silberhütte had , like Mägdesprung, their own one- to two-class schools since 1785.

1945 to 1990

After school operations were resumed under difficult conditions only in October 1945, a secondary school was being set up in addition to the elementary school for a short time. Alexisbad had a makeshift school from 1947 to 1950. 1951 took place in Harzgerode, the division into a primary school and a central school, which also accepted older students from the districts and neighboring villages. Merged again in 1955, the school had around 670 students, as it did around 1900. In 1954 an auxiliary school class was established. The branch of the community college opened in 1948 enjoyed great popularity. The municipal vocational school began in 1945 with several classes, officially known as the "General vocational school Harzgerode" from 1952. In 1972 it was dissolved.

In 1959, the primary school was transformed into a ten-class polytechnic high school (POS). The students in the districts of Mägdesprung and Silberhütte, who were initially looked after in home schools from the first to the fourth school year, all visited the POS in Harzgerode from the mid-1960s. In 1988 the Harzgeröder POS was divided as the largest school in the Quedlinburg district. A newly built school complex was handed over on Neudorfer Weg. This as well as the school at the White Garden were now locations of two independent POS.

In 1950 the Heilstätte Harzgerode (specialist children's hospital for lung and bronchial diseases) received a special school facility, which was completed in 1986 with a school building designed for 120 students.

As an in-company educational institution, the company academy of VEB Druckguss- und Kolbenwerke, which existed from the end of the 1950s, played an important role in the qualification of in-house managers.

From 1972 the Academy for Socialist Business Management (ASW) in Harzgerode carried out its first courses. In 1977 the construction of our own training facility for continuous operation began on Alexisbader Straße.

Current school situation

After the reorganization of the school system from 1991 in Harzgerode there was a primary school in the building on the White Garden (formerly the new school), a grammar school in the school complex on Neudorfer Weg and a secondary school, the rooms in a building on the Schlossberg (former vocational school) and in the school on Neudorfer Weg received. From the end of 1992 it was also able to move into a two-day container building. The special school in the specialist children's hospital for lung and bronchial diseases, which initially continued to exist, ended its existence when the sanatorium closed.

From 1992 until it was relocated to Quedlinburg in 1997, the Silberhütte Institute for Vocational Education and Training (IBB) offered courses for the unemployed, which should give them better placement opportunities on the job market.

The number of births, which has fallen sharply since 1990, led to the closure of the grammar school in 2005 and, in 2014, required the conversion of the secondary school into a community and secondary school in order to ensure its continued existence. The entire school complex on Neudorfer Weg has been available to her since 2005.

Sports

Harzgerode ski jumping facility

The winter sports club (WSV Harzgerode) is the largest club in town and is divided into several departments. He also maintains a ski jumping facility. The traditional ski jumping hill complex is currently being modernized. Two plastic covered hills (K 5 and K 16) and a winter hill (K 12) can already be used again. The K-16 ski jump was inaugurated on April 26th, 2008 as part of a consecration jump and named after the Harzgerode sports teacher and ski jumping trainer Ernst Bremmel. In addition to the WSV, there is also the SV Concordia 08 Harzgerode, which combines the football and floorball ( floorball ) departments. The club was founded in 1908 and is one of the more successful footballers in the Harz region. The club has also already made an appearance in the floorball department: in 2009 it became German champions in the U13 and U15.

Cliff run

The traditional Harzgeröder cliff run takes place on the first Sunday in June every year. In addition to the 15 km main run, there is also a 5 km route and a 2.5 km route to choose from. A trial run (1 km) for young runners and a hiking / Nordic walking route are also offered. Demanding routes, good organization and a colorful supporting program mean that the number of participants is growing steadily and attract runners from all over Germany to the small town in the Lower Harz .

Culture and Heritage Association (OT Harzgerode)

This association, founded in 1990, organizes several exhibitions each year in the castle with panel discussions in close cooperation with the city's cultural committee.

Economy and Infrastructure

Harzgerode station, end point of a section of the Selketalbahn

The city has developed into an important industrial and commercial location. In addition to companies of international importance such as Trimet Aluminum (supplier to the automotive industry, manufacture of die-cast parts), Pyrotechnik Silberhütte , a company belonging to Rheinmetall AG , Synova and Swisspor , many smaller companies and commercial operations, mainly in the Harzgerode Ost industrial area and in the Augustenhöhe industrial area, but also settled in the districts of Dankerode, Neudorf, Königerode, Straßberg and Güntersberge.

In the industrial and commercial areas in Harzgerode, businesses in the traditional metal sector with foundries dominate. A supraregional network is implemented by the Creativity and Competence Center Harzgerode (CCC) , a technology and start-up center of the state of Saxony-Anhalt. The CCC is operated by the Gesellschaft für Wirtschaftsförderung und Innovation mbH . The centerpiece is an automated die-casting cell and high-quality laboratory equipment for the analysis and evaluation of components, molds and materials.

traffic

The city can be reached via the federal highways 242 and 185 , by train with the Selketalbahn via the branch line from Alexisbad and with various bus lines of the Harzer Verkehrsbetriebe . In front of the Harzgerode train station there is a small bus station as a transfer point under and between the various public transports .

Personalities

→ Main article : List of personalities from the city of Harzgerode

Memorial stone of the Jewish cemetery in Harzgerode

literature

• Friedhelm Linemann, Andreas Friebe: Harzgerode and the Selketal. Episodes and Pictures from Four Centuries , 2006, ISBN 3-938579-22-6
• Berent Schwineköper (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 11: Province of Saxony Anhalt (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 314). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-520-31402-9 , pp. 197-198.
• Heinrich Lindner: History and Description of the State of Anhalt , p. 505 ff. Digitized
• Karl-Heinz Börner : Brief history of the city of Harzgerode . Harzgeroder Hefte 3, Harzgerode 2008.
• Emil Pfennigsdorf: History of the city of Harzgerode. Commemorative publication for the inauguration of the town hall on March 6, 1901 . Harzgerode 1901, reprint 2008
• Karl-Heinz Börner : 1025 years of Harzgerode . Harzgerode 2018, ISBN 978-3-00-060045-6 .

Web links

Commons : Harzgerode  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Homepage of the city of Harzgerode

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
2. ↑ Official final result , accessed on January 9, 2017.
3. ^ German Weather Service, normal period 1961–1990
4. ^ School class maintains the Jewish cemetery, Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of July 7, 2011
5. ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 2nd to December 31st, 2009
6. ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 01 to December 31, 2010
7. ↑ Local constitution law of the state in the version of July 1, 2014
8. ↑ Main statutes of the Harzgerode in the 2017 version
9. ↑ Ambulance service in the Harz district surcharge for the Maltese. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, August 17, 2018, accessed on October 11, 2019.
10. ↑ Harzgerode meeting place. malteser-harz.de, accessed on October 11, 2019.
11. ↑ Final result of the election of the Harzgerode City Council in 2019. (PDF) In: verwaltungsportal.de. May 27, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019 . 
12. ↑ Final election results of the Harzgerode city council election 2014. (PDF) In: verwaltungsportal.de. June 3, 2014, accessed August 29, 2019 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Allocation of seats in the city council election 2019. (PDF) In: verwaltungsportal.de. May 27, 2019. Retrieved August 29, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Allocation of seats to the Harzgerode local council. (PDF) In: verwaltungsportal.de. May 27, 2019, accessed September 12, 2019 . 
15. ↑ Eckart Roloff and Karin Henke-Wendt: Aiming high: Pharmaceuticals in the church tower. In: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 1, Northern Germany. Verlag S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, pp. 223-224, ISBN 978-3-7776-2510-2
16. ↑ Detailed description of the history of the Harzgeröder town hall
17. ^ Social-ecological community Heilstätte Harzgerode. In: Community website. Retrieved February 13, 2018 . 
18. ↑ Brief information on the Waldhof
19. ↑ Ulrike Puvogel, Martin Stankowski: Memorials for the victims of National Socialism: Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony, Thuringia. Volume 2. Federal Agency for Political Education, 1999, ISBN 978-3-89331-391-4
20. ↑ MZ-Web.de: Does the 200 year celebration take place between ruins? ; Retrieved May 18, 2010