Krolpa

This article deals with the municipality of Krölpa in the Saale-Orla district; for the district in the district of Greiz see Krölpa (Auma-Weidatal) , for the district in the Burgenland district see Crölpa .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′  N , 11 ° 32 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Thuringia
County :	Saale-Orla district
Management Community :	Ranis-Ziegenrück
Height :	250 m above sea level NHN
Area :	42.28 km 2
Residents:	2580 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	61 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	07387
Area code :	03647
License plate :	SOK, LBS, PN, SCZ
Community key :	16 0 75 129
Community structure:	10 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Pößnecker Str. 24 07387 Krölpa
Website :	www.gemeinde-kroelpa.de
Mayor :	Jonas Chudasch
Location of the municipality of Krölpa in the Saale-Orla district

Krölpa is a municipality in the Saale-Orla district in Thuringia in the Ranis-Ziegenrück administrative community .

geography

Krölpa is located in East Thuringia in the Kotschautal , which adjoins the Orlasenke. To the south is the Hohenwarte reservoir .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities of Krölpa are the towns of Pößneck and Ranis and the communities of Seisla and Wilhelmsdorf in the Saale-Orla district and the communities of Unterwellenborn and Uhlstädt-Kirchhasel in the Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district .

Community structure

The community is divided into ten districts: Dobian , Friedebach , Graefendorf , Herschdorf , Hütten , Krölpa, Oelsen , Rockendorf , Trannroda and Zella . The largest district is Krölpa.

history

Church of St. Peter and Paul in Krölpa

Early to 1900

Before our era , the region was Celtic , then Germanic . From the 7th century, Sorbs came to the largely depopulated area. They were gradually assimilated by the influx of German settlers and Christianized by the church. Krölpa has been recorded in chronicles since 1071. Together with the district of Hütten, it was mentioned as a property of the Benedictine Abbey of Saalfeld . Until the end of the 19th century, the area was dominated by agriculture. The region suffered considerably in the Thirty Years 'War and the Seven Years' War . The Napoleonic campaigns from 1806 to 1813/14 also brought much calamity to the country. After troops had passed through, the "war plague" raged in 1814, it was probably typhus. Krölpa belonged to the royal Saxon office of Arnshaugk until 1815 and after its assignment, decided at the Congress of Vienna , came to the Prussian district of Ziegenrück , to which the place belonged until 1945.

In the second half of the 19th century the industrial development of the place and its surroundings began. Gypsum and clay works (brick production) were created. The owners of Gleichen-Rußwurm sold their manor in 1888 , and a school was set up in the castle for Krölpa and the surrounding villages. 1890/91 was Krölpa with a train station direct connection to the existing since 1870-71 railway line Gera-Saalfeld. In 1892 a postal agency opened with telegraph operations. In 1899 street lights were put into operation and street paving began. The population increased from 446 in 1875 to 991 in 1901. Since 1913 Krölpa had a community nurse.

1900 to 1945

The First World War and its consequences ( inflation ) interrupted the positive development of the place and the region. Krölpa had 46 fallen and missing soldiers to complain about. In 1927 a gymnastics and playground and a gymnastics home were inaugurated. The farming village had become a workers' dwelling village, but also with numerous craft and trade businesses. In the municipal council elections in 1929, the SPD became the strongest party. From 1933 onwards, all areas of life were brought into line with the Nazis. A small settlement and a Hitler Youth home were built. The war memorial erected in the cemetery in 1922 was moved to the village square in 1938, now "Adolf-Hitler-Platz".

During the Second World War , the community had to take in numerous refugees from the bombed West German cities and Berlin. In 1945 an emergency hospital was set up in the school. The low-flying attacks increased steadily. Fearing bombs, people spent a large part of their time in protective cellars, including in the expanded cave of Pinsenberg. Towards the end of the Second World War, the armaments company REIMAHG had equipped underground tunnels in the gypsum quarries around Krölpa for the production of parts of the jet bomber Arado Ar 234 , and locomotives were also to be manufactured underground. In the Rosengarten inn in the neighboring village of Oepitz (today a part of Pößneck) there was a camp for 20 slave laborers from the Soviet Union . In addition, other foreign workers had to do forced labor on the manors and farms in Krölpa and Rockendorf. A camp for a group of Yugoslav prisoners of war was in the Zur Linde inn in the neighboring village of Gräfendorf (today part of Krölpa). In the US artillery bombardment on April 14, 1945, some residential buildings were severely damaged, and the church tower with its baroque dome was also hit. The railway and road bridges were still blown up.

The then deployed United States Army imposed a curfew and examined every house. Weapons, cameras and binoculars were to be delivered to the schoolyard. Politically polluted and captured Volkssturm members were brought to the notorious American camp in Bad Kreuznach . There was a certain arbitrariness of the liberated foreigners. The influx of displaced persons from the east increased considerably, accompanied by housing and food shortages. Krölpa had more than 50 fallen and missing persons to complain about in the Second World War. After 4 days without an occupation at the end of June 1945, the Red Army followed on July 2 . Bicycles, watches and “everything else” have now also been confiscated. A wave of arrests by the NKVD began. From Krölpa alone, 12 residents were brought to special Soviet camps (mostly beech forest), some of them to Siberia. Two died in the camps, others shortly after their release. The Krölpa gypsum works was partially dismantled , and the residents had to load the trains to the Soviet Union under strict guard by the Red Army. The second track of the railway and electrical masts were also dismantled.

1945 until today

In 1952 the gypsum factory was expropriated and became a VEB , in 1958 it started work as a newly built factory. Other large and medium-sized companies were also nationalized. The farmers received a high delivery rate, MAS / MTS were founded. MAS members built a cultural center in 1949/50. The LPG was founded in 1953, and in 1960 “full cooperative status” was achieved under duress. Krölpa then gradually developed into a kind of “showcase village”, with much of the construction work being done in “ NAW ” (National Construction) by the residents. It emerged AWG Appartments, a new fire station, an outdoor pool, an indoor pool, a new sports hall (in the old gypsum), a department store and in the 1980s increasingly homes. After the political change in 1989/90, in addition to the large industrial companies, more than 80 craft and commercial enterprises, modern supply facilities, new bridges and new houses were built. The old buildings have been completely renovated, not least the church. A rich club life developed. A negative consequence of the adjustment to the western living conditions is the drastic fall in the birth rate, like almost everywhere in the new federal states.

In 1945 the district of Ziegenrück was dissolved, Krölpa came to the district of Saalfeld, in 1952 to the new district of Pößneck and after the turnaround to the Saale-Orla district. Until 1997, Krölpa was part of the Krölpa administrative association . It has been part of the Ranis-Ziegenrück administrative association since 2014 .

Incorporations

On July 1, 1950, Zella was incorporated. The former communities Friedebach, Graefendorf (with the town Dobian, which was incorporated on July 1, 1950, and the town of Oelsen, which was incorporated on February 1, 1974), Herschdorf bei Pößneck (with the township of Oelsen, which was incorporated on July 1, 1974) formed the new Krölpa community on January 1, 1997. July 1950 incorporated place Hütten), Rockendorf and Trannroda added.

Population development

Development of the number of inhabitants (as of December 31st) (strongly influenced by the incorporations):

1933: 1490 1939: 1607 1994: 1712 1995: 1722 1996: 1711

1997: 3375 1998: 3361 1999: 3360 2000: 3321 2001: 3274 2002: 3215

2003: 3195 2004: 3165 2005: 3152 2006: 3104 2007: 3056 2008: 3037

2009: 3003 2010: 2955 2011: 2797 2012: 2745 2013: 2717 2014: 2666

2015: 2622 2016: 2586 2017: 2587 2018: 2598

Data source from 1994: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

politics

coat of arms

Blazon : “In silver, Saint Peter in a red robe with blue sleeves and gloves and black boots, holding a black key in his right hand, and Saint Paul in a blue robe with a red overcoat and red gloves and black boots, with his hands holding a silver one , holding a red banded sword with a black hilt obliquely to the left, a red five-pointed crown hovering over the saint, each with five blue shingles. "

Culture and sights

The Clythenberg with the Clythenloch is located near Oelsen in the Orlasenke. A large number of cultural relics from the Paleolithic and the Migration Period were found in two caves. The bones of many young animals were striking. It should have been a place of worship.

Museums

• Forellenhof Krölpa fishing museum

Buildings

• Krölpa Castle , today the community center and the state primary school Adolf Diesterweg
• Village church

→ Main article : St. Peter and Paul (Krölpa)

• The Krölpa war memorial is again in the church cemetery . In 1922 it was dedicated to the 46 soldiers who fell and went missing in the First World War and was placed in the cemetery. In 1938 it was moved to the village square. From 1945 until the fall of the Wall, it was dismantled in individual parts in a niche between the church tower and the nave. After restoration and the addition of a plaque for the dead of World War II, it was re-inaugurated in the churchyard in 1993.
• Töpfersdorf ruins in the Friedebach district

• 

  Church and rectory in Krölpa

• 

  War memorial in Krölpa cemetery

• 

  Castle (school) in Krölpa

Natural monuments

• Pinsenberg nature reserve (stocks of remarkable orchids),
• Area natural monument Clydenfelsen (Zechsteinriff near Oelsen, placed under nature protection as early as 1937).

Sports

The village has a gym with a bowling alley. You can also do sports on a football pitch and a skate park.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Krölpa is on the B 281 . The Krölpa-Ranis stop is on the Leipzig – Probstzella railway line .

Established businesses

Resident companies with supra-local importance are the

• maxit Baustoffwerke GmbH,
• Cadolto Thuringia GmbH & Co. KG,
• FMS AG

education

Krölpa has a primary school and a kindergarten. Secondary schools are available in neighboring communities.

Sons and daughters of the church

• Kurt Säuberlich (1904–1971), metallurgist .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (Ed.): Local history guide to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945. Volume 8: Thuringia. VAS - Publishing House for Academic Writings, Frankfurt am Main 2003, ISBN 3-88864-343-0 , 223.
3. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1st, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
4. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities, see 1997
5. ^ ^{A b} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Ziegenrück district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Michael Köhler: Pagan sanctuaries. Pre-Christian places of worship and suspected cult sites in Thuringia. Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2007, ISBN 978-3-910141-85-8 , p. 125.

literature

• The history of the municipality of Krölpa from 1071 in words and pictures.
• Krolpa. A local history. Krölpa municipality, Krölpa 1998, ISBN 3-922175-37-6 .
• Heinz Stade: The tower of the Krölpa church from the 12th century is leaning. In: Thuringian General . 1997.

Web links

Commons : Krölpa  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• www.gemeinde-kroelpa.de