Brzeg district

The district of Brzeg on a map from 1905

The district of Brieg was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945. The district town was the city of Brieg , which had formed its own urban district since 1907 . The former district area is now in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia / German Confederation

After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.

In the Principality of Brieg , one of the Silesian sub-principalities, the five Prussian districts of Brieg, Ohlau , Kreuzburg , Strehlen and Nimptsch were formed from old Silesian soft images . Caspar Ernst von Frankenberg-Proschlitz was appointed as the first district administrator in the Brieg district. The Brieg district was subordinate to the Wroclaw War and Domain Chamber and was assigned to the Breslau administrative district of the province of Silesia in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 . As part of border regulations between the administrative districts of Breslau and Opole , the villages of Fröbeln and Frohnau moved from the Falkenberg district to the Brieg district in 1817 .

North German Confederation / German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On April 1, 1907, the city of Brieg left the Brieg district and formed its own urban district. The district of Brieg has since been referred to as a district .

On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz . On September 30, 1929, in the district of Brieg, almost all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities in accordance with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia .

On October 1, 1932, the district of Brzeg was merged with most of the district of Ohlau to form the new district of Brzeg with the seat of the administration in the city of Brzeg. The background to this were emergency decrees of the Reich President on austerity measures in the public service, according to which, among other things, a number of circles should be dissolved. On October 1, 1933 , the district of Ohlau was re-established from the part of the Brieg district that had belonged to the Ohlau district until 1932 .

On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district. In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1795	30,663
1819	34,342
1846	46,761
1871	55.172
1885	60,320
1900	63,077
1910	39.104
1925	38,258
1939	38,596

District administrators

1742–1753 00Caspar Ernst von Frankenberg-Proschlitz

1753–1765 00Friedrich Gotthard Hartwig von Tschirschky

1765–1801 00Carl Friedrich Wilhelm von Korckwitz

1801–1819 00Ernst Carl Ludwig von Prittwitz and Gaffron

0000-1829 00Reinhardt

1829–1846 00Johann Wilhelm Carl von Prittwitz

1846–1848 00by Schroetter ( interim )

1848–1871 Emil von Rohrscheidt (1809–1886)00

1871–1891 00Heinrich von Reuss

1891–1901 00Karl von Schirndinger

1901–1908 Alfred von Goßler (1867–1946)00

1908–1919 00Günther von Roedern

1919–1932 Alfred Janetzki (1880–1977)00

1932–1933 Hans Bertuch (1880–1946)00

1933 Rudolf Thiele ( acting )0000000

1933–1944 Paul Pietsch (1877–1945)00

1944–1945 00Otto Braß ( substitute )

Local constitution

Since the 19th century, the district of Brieg has been divided into the towns of Brieg (bis) and Leuven, in rural communities and in manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

The district of Brieg last comprised a city and 59 rural communities:

Old hammer Altköln Alzenau Bankau Barzdorf Bohemian village Briesen Buchitz Frohnau Gerlachshain Giersdorf Groß Döbern Great Jenkwitz Crouching tall Gross Neudorf

Grüningen Hermsdorf Hunter village Jeschen Johnsdorf Kantersdorf Karlsmarkt Klein Neudorf Konradswaldau Koppen Kreisewitz Laugwitz Leubusch Linden trees Lossen

Lions , city Luisental Mangschütz Michelau Michelwitz Mollwitz New Leubusch New Limburg New concern Neuköln Pampitz Paulau Piastenthal Pogarell Pramsen

Raschwitz Rathau Riebnig Rogelwitz Rosenthal Scheidelwitz Schönau Schönfeld Writing village Schüsselndorf Schwanowitz Stoberau Tarnowitz Taschenberg Zindel

The uninhabited forestry district Rogelwitz also belonged to the district.

Incorporation until 1929

• Briegischdorf, on November 7, 1904 in Brieg
• Groß Leubusch, on July 1, 1929 in Leubusch
• Karlsburg, on July 1, 1929 at Karlsmarkt
• Klein Leubusch, on July 1, 1929 in Leubusch

Place names

The place name Tschöplowitz was changed to Gerlachshain in 1937 .

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 193–194, item 9.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general population census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 100-105 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Brieg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• genealogienetz.de: District of Brieg
• Description of the Brieg district from 1792

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officers 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
6. ^ Roman Kamionka: The reorganization of the district division of Silesia in the Stein-Hardenberg reform period . Hirt, Breslau 1934, p. 46.
7. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform 1932, p. 256 ( digitized version ).
8. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia. Volume 4: Dieter Stüttgen: Silesia. Johann Gottfried Harder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1976, ISBN 3-87969-116-9 .
9. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 36 ( digitized version ).
10. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 87 ( digitized version ).
11. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
12. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
13. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
14. ↑ ^{a b} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
15. ↑ ^{a b c} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. brieg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
16. ↑ Curriculum vitae in "The v. Prittwitz noble family"
17. ↑ District of Brieg administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.