Bad Salzungen district

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Basic data (as of 1994)
Existing period: 1950-1994
District : Suhl
Administrative headquarters : bad Salzungen
Area : 621.58 km²
Residents: 89,168 (Dec. 31, 1989)
Population density: 143 inhabitants per km²
License plate : O (1953–1990)
OA, OB, OC (1974–1990)
SLZ (1991–1995)
Circle structure: 61 municipalities (December 31, 1989)
Location of the district in the GDR
Kreis Rügen Kreis Bad Doberan Kreis Greifswald Greifswald Kreis Grevesmühlen Kreis Grimmen Kreis Ribnitz-Damgarten Kreis Rostock-Land Rostock Kreis Stralsund-Land Stralsund Kreis Wismar-Land Wismar Kreis Wolgast Kreis Güstrow Kreis Bützow Kreis Gadebusch Kreis Hagenow Kreis Ludwigslust Kreis Lübz Kreis Parchim Kreis Perleberg Kreis Schwerin-Land Schwerin Kreis Sternberg Kreis Anklam Kreis Altentreptow Kreis Demmin Kreis Malchin Kreis Neubrandenburg-Land Neubrandenburg Kreis Neustrelitz Kreis Pasewalk Kreis Prenzlau Kreis Röbel/Müritz Kreis Strasburg Kreis Templin Kreis Teterow Kreis Ueckermünde Kreis Waren Kreis Belzig Kreis Brandenburg-Land Brandenburg an der Havel Kreis Gransee Kreis Jüterbog Kreis Königs Wusterhausen Kreis Kyritz Kreis Luckenwalde Kreis Nauen Kreis Neuruppin Kreis Oranienburg Kreis Potsdam-Land Potsdam Kreis Pritzwalk Kreis Rathenow Kreis Wittstock Kreis Zossen Kreis Angermünde Kreis Bad Freienwalde Kreis Beeskow Kreis Bernau Kreis Eberswalde Kreis Eisenhüttenstadt-Land Eisenhüttenstadt Frankfurt (Oder) Kreis Fürstenwalde Schwedt/Oder Kreis Seelow Kreis Strausberg Kreis Bad Liebenwerda Kreis Calau Kreis Cottbus-Land Cottbus Kreis Finsterwalde Kreis Forst Kreis Guben Kreis Herzberg Kreis Hoyerswerda Kreis Jessen Kreis Luckau Kreis Lübben Kreis Senftenberg Kreis Spremberg Kreis Weißwasser Kreis Burg Kreis Gardelegen Kreis Genthin Kreis Halberstadt Kreis Haldensleben Kreis Havelberg Kreis Klötze Magdeburg Kreis Oschersleben Kreis Osterburg Kreis Salzwedel Kreis Schönebeck Kreis Staßfurt Kreis Stendal Kreis Wanzleben Kreis Wernigerode Kreis Wolmirstedt Kreis Zerbst Kreis Artern Kreis Aschersleben Kreis Bernburg Kreis Bitterfeld Dessau Kreis Eisleben Kreis Gräfenhainichen Halle (Saale) Kreis Hettstedt Kreis Hohenmölsen Kreis Köthen Kreis Merseburg Kreis Naumburg Kreis Nebra Kreis Quedlinburg Kreis Querfurt Kreis Roßlau Saalkreis Kreis Sangerhausen Kreis Weißenfels Kreis Wittenberg Kreis Zeitz Kreis Altenburg Kreis Borna Kreis Delitzsch Kreis Döbeln Kreis Eilenburg Kreis Geithain Kreis Grimma Kreis Leipzig-Land Leipzig Kreis Oschatz Kreis Schmölln Kreis Torgau Kreis Wurzen Kreis Bautzen Kreis Bischofswerda Kreis Dippoldiswalde Kreis Dresden-Land Dresden Kreis Freital Kreis Görlitz-Land Görlitz Kreis Großenhain Kreis Kamenz Kreis Löbau Kreis Meißen Kreis Niesky Kreis Pirna Kreis Riesa Kreis Sebnitz Kreis Zittau Kreis Annaberg Kreis Aue Kreis Auerbach Kreis Brand-Erbisdorf Kreis Flöha Kreis Freiberg Kreis Glauchau Kreis Hainichen Kreis Hohenstein-Ernstthal Kreis Karl-Marx-Stadt-Land Karl-Marx-Stadt Kreis Klingenthal Kreis Marienberg Kreis Oelsnitz Kreis Plauen-Land Plauen Kreis Reichenbach Kreis Rochlitz Kreis Schwarzenberg Kreis Stollberg Kreis Werdau Kreis Zschopau Kreis Zwickau-Land Zwickau Kreis Eisenberg Kreis Gera-Land Gera Kreis Greiz Kreis Jena-Land Jena Kreis Lobenstein Kreis Pößneck Kreis Rudolstadt Kreis Saalfeld Kreis Schleiz Kreis Stadtroda Kreis Zeulenroda Kreis Apolda Kreis Arnstadt Kreis Eisenach Kreis Erfurt-Land Erfurt Kreis Gotha Kreis Heiligenstadt Kreis Langensalza Kreis Mühlhausen Kreis Nordhausen Kreis Sömmerda Kreis Sondershausen Kreis Weimar-Land Weimar Kreis Worbis Kreis Bad Salzungen Kreis Hildburghausen Kreis Ilmenau Kreis Meiningen Kreis Neuhaus am Rennweg Kreis Schmalkalden Kreis Sonneberg Kreis Suhl-Land Suhl Ost-Berlin Volksrepublik Polen Tschechoslowakei Berlin (West) Deutschland Dänemarkmap
About this picture

The Bad Salzungen district or Bad Salzungen district was a district in the state of Thuringia (1950–1952) and in the Suhl district (1952–1990) of the GDR and in the German state of Thuringia (1990–1994). His area is now in the Wartburg district in Thuringia. The seat of the district administration was in Bad Salzungen .

geography

The district area was in the northwest of the Suhl district or in the west of Thuringia, directly on the state border with Hesse . The district bordered clockwise in the north, beginning with the (rural) districts of Eisenach and Gotha in the Erfurt district , the Schmalkalden and Meiningen districts (Suhl district) and beyond the state or state border with the Fulda and Hünfeld and Rotenburg districts (until 1972 ) and Hersfeld-Rotenburg (from 1972).

In terms of nature, the circle was crossed by the Werra valley; the north-east of the district around Bad Liebenstein was in the north-west of the Thuringian Forest , while the areas south of the Werra were assigned to the Thuringian Rhön . The most important bodies of water besides the Werra were its tributaries Ulster and Felda . The largest standing water in the district was the gravel lakes near Immelborn , which were created in the 1960s ; natural standing waters such as the Frauensee , the Bad Salzunger Burgsee , the Schönsee and the Bernshäuser Kutte are mostly created by subrosion and sinkholes.

history

The district was formed in the course of a first regional reform in the GDR on July 1, 1950 from parts of the districts of Eisenach (in the west, the former Eisenacher Oberland ) and Meiningen (in the east, the city of Bad Salzungen and the surrounding area) - it already existed the administrative reform of 1952 . The eastern part used to belong to Sachsen-Meiningen for centuries , the western part to Sachsen-Eisenach or Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach . In addition, there was the community of Barchfeld and the former Prussian part of Bairoda of the Schmalkalden rule . With the Geisa deanery as a former property of the bishops of Fulda , one of the few Catholic areas in the GDR was located in the south-west of the district.

Politically, the district belonged to the state of Thuringia until 1952 , then to the GDR district of Suhl until 1990 and from 1990 to the Free State of Thuringia . Large parts of the district lay in the border area between the two German states . On May 17, 1990, the district was renamed the Bad Salzungen District. On July 1, 1994, the Wartburg district with Eisenach and Bad Salzungen as district towns was formed from the Eisenach district, the Bad Salzungen district and some municipalities in the Bad Langensalza district. After Eisenach left the Wartburg district on January 1, 1998 when it was granted district freedom, Bad Salzungen became the sole district town.

The last district administrator before the district reform was from 1992 to 1994 Stefan Baldus .

Population development

The population of the district was relatively constant between 1952 and 1990 between 85,000 and 90,000. This made it the most populous district in the Suhl district. The population of the district town doubled during this time, while areas immediately on the inner-German border lost residents due to emigration.

Economy and Infrastructure

Industry

Merkers potash plant 1974

The Bad Salzungen district was dominated by agriculture in the south-west, in the Thuringian part of the Rhön and in the Ulster valley, while the Werra valley in the north was characterized by potash mining in the Werra potash district . This caused great environmental damage in this area, including a. to salinize the Werra. The heaps of the mines around Merkers and Unterbreizbach can still be seen today. The Felda valley was also shaped by industry, with industrial operations in Kaltennordheim , Stadtlengsfeld ( porcelain production) , Dermbach and Dietlas . The most important companies in the district were the Kali combine (Merkers, Dorndorf and Unterbreizbach works) and VEB Bergwerksmaschinen Dietlas .

traffic

Road traffic

Long-distance roads - from 1990 onwards: Bundesstraßen - 19 (in the Eisenach – Meiningen section) 62 (Vacha – Barchfeld to the F 19), 84 (Eisenach – Buttlar) and 285 (Dorndorf – Kaltennordheim) and part of the 278 in the restricted area ran through the district area (Buttlar – Motzlar).

Rail transport

The district area was crossed by the Werra Railway , which runs from Eisenach train station via Bad Salzungen to Eisfeld . The Bad Salzungen – Vacha railway branched off at Bad Salzungen station , which was of great importance for the freight traffic of the Merkers and Unterbreizbach potash mines. For this purpose, the line was extended to replace the Ulstertal Railway, which was interrupted by the inner-German border, via Sünna to Unterbreizbach. The Feldabahn branching off in Dorndorf was important for the towns and communities as well as for industrial companies in the Feldatal . The Immelborn – Steinbach railway via Bad Liebenstein was closed and dismantled in 1973, the Ulstertal Railway and the railway line from Wenigentaft to Oechsen were closed in 1952 due to the border location.

License Plate

Motor vehicles (with the exception of motorcycles) and trailers were assigned three-letter distinctive signs starting with the letter pairs OA , OB and OC from around 1974 to the end of 1990 . The last number plate series used for motorcycles was ON 30-01 to ON 50-00 .

At the beginning of 1991 the district received the distinctive sign SLZ . It was issued until January 31, 1995. It has been available in the Wartburg district since November 29, 2012 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Law on the self-administration of municipalities and districts in the GDR (municipal constitution) of May 17, 1990
  2. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
  3. ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the GDR 1989, Staatsverlag der DDR, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-329-00457-6 .
  4. ^ Norbert Moczarski et al: Thüringisches Staatsarchiv Meiningen. Department of the Regional Economic Archive South Thuringia in Suhl . A brief inventory overview. Ed .: Thuringian State Archives Meiningen. 1st edition. Druckhaus Offizin Hildburghausen, 1994, Development of traditional industrial areas in South Thuringia until 1990, p. 16-24 .
  5. ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 302 .
  6. ↑ Andreas Herzfeld: The history of the German license plate . 4th edition. German Flag Society V., Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935131-11-7 , pp. 553 .

Web links

Commons : Kreis Bad Salzungen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files