List of Greek sagas

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This is a list of the main sagas and myths of Greek mythology .

Creation myths

The most widespread story of creation is Hesiod's theogony , in which the first attempt was made to create a comprehensive genealogy of the gods from various myths.

Another myth of origin that has found a certain spread is the story of the creation of the Orphics, the Orphic theogony .

Gods tales

The generations of gods

Rebellion of the titan Kronos against his father Uranus

Cornelis van Haarlem : "Fall of the Titans"

The Titan Kronos emasculates his father Uranos at the instigation of his mother Gaia and frees his siblings.

Revolt of the titan son Zeus against his father Kronos

Titanomachy

To prevent him from being overthrown by one of his sons, as predicted, the Titan Kronos devours all of the children born to him by his wife Rhea . Only Zeus can hide Rhea from her husband by handing him a stone tied in bloody diapers in place of the son. The grown-up Zeus then actually challenges his father and wins. The fight of the Titan son Zeus against his father Kronos is known as Titanomachy (Titan Battle). Zeus was supported by the Cyclops , from whom he also received thunder and lightning, the Hekatoncheirs , Styx and his mother Rhea. Kronos was supported by some other titans, namely Iapetos and Koios , who were banished to Tartaros with Kronos after the fall of Kronos by Zeus . Since Okeanos , Tethys and Themis did not take part in the fight against Zeus, Zeus let them rule over their ancestral realms.

Gigantomachy

The fight of Zeus, his siblings and allies against the giants sent by Gaia to defend the titans, their children, is called Gigantomachie (gigantic battle ). In doing so, they receive particular help from the mortal son of Zeus, Heracles, who later also admitted to Olympus and becomes the husband of Hebe , who was replaced by Ganymede in her function as cupbearer of the nectar food of the gods . But Zeus was victorious in these battles too, and he and his brothers were able to rule. By lot, he had “the sky” , Poseidon “the sea” and Hades “the underworld” .

Typhonomachy

Ultimately, the Olympians must prevail against the Typhon sent by Gaia . When he rose up into the sky throwing glowing stones and roaring in a deafening manner, the Olympians turned in horror to flee. Thereupon they turned into animals: Zeus into a ram, Apollo into a raven, Dionysus into a billy goat, Artemis into a cat, Hera into a cow, Aphrodite into a fish and the Eos into an ibis. Ares, too, was transformed into a fish, the mighty Heracles into a deer, Leto into a weasel, and Hephaestus into a bull. And so they fled to Egypt, the ancient land of wisdom, before Zeus could tame Typhon.

The legends of the Olympians

  • The Olympians' conspiracy against Zeus
  • The persecution of Leto and the birth of Apollo and Artemis on Delos
  • Poseidon's and Athene's contest for Athens
  • The invention of the lyre and panpipes by Hermes and his trade with Apollon

The early legends of mankind

Prometheus saga

Tantalide legend

Tantalos

  • Tantalos steals nectar and ambrosia from the gods
  • Tantalus puts his son Pelops in front of the gods for food to find out whether they are so clever outside of Mount Olympus
  • Only Demeter eats a piece of his shoulder in grief
  • The shoulder is replaced with ivory
  • Tantalos has to stand up to its neck in the water and juicy fruits hang over it, which always shrink back when he reaches for them. The water also recedes when he tries to drink
  • Since he became immortal through nectar and ambrosia, this torment will have no end

Pelops

  • Pelops and Hippodameia as rulers of the Peloponnese
  • Pelops and Stymphalos
  • The punishment of Pelops and the second curse of the tantalids

Niobe

  • The presumption of Niobe and your punishment
  • see also Theban sagas

Atreus and Thyestes

  • Atreus and Thyestes kill their brother Chrysippus
  • Atreus and the golden lamb
  • Atreus becomes king of Mycenae
  • Thyestes becomes king of Mycenae
  • Thyestes raises the Atreusson Pleisthenes and sends him against his father, who kills him
  • Thyestes invites Atreus and puts his own children in front of him for food and chases him away
  • Thyestes gives Atreus his daughter Pelopeia to wife, whom he himself impregnates beforehand; the son Aegisthus later the son of Atreus , Agamemnon killing, but by his son Orestes killed are
  • see also Oresty

Sagas

The great cycles of Greek sagas

Crete

  • Minos and the Cretan Bull
  • Minos and the Minotaur
  • Daidalos and Icarus
  • Zeus abducts Europe to Crete; Prokris dies in Crete; Heracles catches the Cretan bull in Crete; Theseus fights the Minotaur on Crete.

Thebes

First generation Thebes: Kadmos , son of the Phoenician Agenor , brother of Europa.

  • Des Kadmo's search for Europe
  • Cadmos and the Delphic Oracle
  • Fight against the dragon of Ares
  • The sowing of the dragon's teeth
  • Battle of the divisions (among them Echion , the consort of the Agaue and father of Pentheus)
  • Foundation of the city of Kadmos , later Thebes
  • The wedding of Cadmos with the goddess Harmonia

Second generation Thebes:

  • Polydoros , Agaue , Semele , Ino (for Ino see also Boiotic sagas ), Autonoë ; Kadmos passes over his children by handing over the throne directly to his grandson Pentheus while he is still alive; after his death, Labdakos, also the grandson of Kadmos, takes control.

Third generation Thebes:

  • The legend of Pentheus , son of Agaue, and of Dionysus, son of Semele
    • Semele seduced by Zeus
    • Semele sees the true form of Zeus and dies.
    • Hermes rescues the unborn Dionysus
    • Birth of Dionysus from the thigh of Zeus ( thigh birth )
    • Secret education of Dionysus by Ino
    • Pentheus did not recognize the divine descent of Dionysus
    • Death of Pentheus
  • Melikertes , son of Ino
  • Actaeon , son of the Autonoe
  • Labdakos , son of Polydoros: progenitor of the Labdakids Oedipus , Eteocles , Polynices , Antigone , Ismene

Fourth generation Thebes:

Fifth Generation Thebes: Oedipus saga.

  • The oracle
  • Suspension of Oedipus
  • Oedipus' youth in Sicyon or Corinth
  • Oedipus kills his father Laios
  • Oedipus defeats the Theban Sphynx
  • Oedipus unwittingly marries his mother, Iokaste
  • The discovery of iniquity
  • Iocaste and Oedipus punish each other
  • Oedipus and Antigone
  • Oedipus on Colonus
  • Oedipus and Theseus
  • Oedipus and Creon
  • Oedipus and Polynices

Sixth generation Thebes: The seven against Thebes .

  • Polynices and Tydeus in Adrast
  • Exodus of the heroes
  • Hypsipyle and Opheltes
  • The heroes arrived before Thebes
  • Menoikeus
  • The storm on the city
  • The brothers duel
  • Creon's decision
  • Antigone and Creon
  • Haimon and Antigone
  • Creon's punishment
  • Burial of the Theban heroes

Seventh generation Thebes:

Other Theban sagas:

Heracles saga

A. The life of Heracles himself

  • Heracles procreation: through Zeus, who approaches Alcmene in the disguise of her husband Amphitryon , the king of Mycenae
  • Birth of Heracles: after Zeus 'oath that his next-born son, he thinks of Heracles, should become a mighty king, the jealous Hera restrains Alkmenes pains, so that Zeus' son Eurystheus is born earlier.
  • Heracles the newborn: two snakes, which the jealous Hera lays in the cradle, strangles the infant, who thus provides the early proof of his divine descent
  • Herakles and Linos : Herakles proves to be a docile but irascible pupil who kills his music teacher Linos with the harp.
  • Heracles and the King of Thespiai : every night he sends a different one of his 50 daughters to Heracles, who is hunting predators in the king's territory
  • Heracles and the Kithaironian Lion
  • Heracles at the crossroads : when Heracles meets the personified pleasure and the personified virtue, both of which want to persuade him to follow their own path, Heracles decides in favor of the path of virtue
  • Heracles and the fight against the Minyans
  • Heracles and Megara : as thanks for the victory over the Minyans he receives from Creon, the king of Thebes, his daughter Megara as a present; the still jealous Hera beats him madly, so that he throws his own children into the flames
  • Heracles in Delphi: The Delphic oracle prophesies that he can only wash himself clean of his guilt if he serves Eurystheus for twelve years and solves twelve tasks for him.
  • Eurystheus with the twelve labors of Heracles:
  1. Herakles strangles the Nemean lion , whose fur he wears as armor from now on - it makes him almost invulnerable.
  2. Heracles chops off all the heads of the nine-headed Hydra (Lernaean serpent) and burns out the neck from which the heads grow back; with the poisonous blood of the hydra he soaks his arrows, which henceforth are fatal to mortals and extremely painful to immortals.
  3. Heracles catches the Kerynite hind and, since Demeter belongs, releases it after he has shown it to Eurystheus.
  4. Heracles catches the Erymanthian boar by driving it into the snowfields of Mount Erymatheus, where the animal becomes tired; Brought alive before Erystheus, he hides in a barrel for fear of the animal.
  5. Heracles mucked out the cattle stables of the Elish king Augias by diverting the two nearby rivers Alpheios and Peneios and allowing them to flow through the stable (not recognized by Eurystheus, as a wage had been agreed, but Augias withheld it after the work was done, and Heracles and his his own son Phileas , who testifies to the appointment with Heracles in his favor, drives out of the country; Heracles will come back later, kill Augias and install Phileas as king; in honor of the installation of Elias, Heracles donates the Olympic Games ).
  6. Heracles kills a large number of the Stymphalian birds with his arrows and chases the rest away with the clatter of Athena.
  7. Heracles catches the Cretan bull , which he releases after he has shown it to Eurytheus, so that it causes a lot of damage in the area around Marathon and is therefore also called the Marathon bull .
  8. Heracles tames the man-eating horses of Diomedes by throwing their master to them to eat; While Heracles has to fight back on the way back from the soldiers of Diomedes chasing him, the horses devour Heracles Abderos' darling in an unsupervised moment . In his honor he founded the city of Abdera ; the hero succeeds in taming the horses again and in presenting them to Eurystheus, who consecrates them to Hera. Even Alexander the Great to be ridden on one of the descendants of these horses.
  9. Heracles wins the battlement of the Amazon queen Hippolyte . After that, he also saved a princess from a sea monster.
  10. Heracles steals the herd of cattle from the giant Geryon .
  11. Heracles, with the help of Atlas, procures some of the golden apples of the Hesperides . For this he had to go to the Pillars of Heracles in Gibraltar .
  12. Heracles brings the watchdog of the underworld Kerberos to the upper world.
  • Heracles return to Thebes: Released by Eurystheus, he returns to Thebes, leaving his wife Megara, with whom after the killing of their children by Heracles (see above) it is no longer possible, but his friend Iolaos
  • Heracles and Eurytus
  • Heracles at Admetus
  • Heracles and the robbery of the Delphic tripod
  • Heracles in the service of Omphale
    • The conquest of the Kerkopen by Heracles
    • Herakles' participation in the Argonaut procession
    • Herakles' participation in the hunt for the Calydonian boar
    • Heracles at the spinning wheel
  • The first conquest of Troy together with Telamon (a few years before the second conquest of the city described in the Iliad )
  • Heracles in the gigantic fight
  • Heracles takes revenge on Augeias
  • Heracles founds the Olympic Games
  • Heracles fighting the Pylians
  • Heracles on the conquest of Greece
  • Heracles fight with Acheloos for Deïaneira
  • Heracles kills Nessus who tries to kidnap Deïaneira
  • Nesso's ruse
  • Deïaneira, Iole and the Nessos shirt
  • Heracles' death at the stake , Poias
  • Heracles admission to Olympus and his marriage to Hebe

B. The Life of the Sons of Heracles ( Herakleiden )

Argonauts legend

The Argonauts' search for the golden fleece .

  • Jason and Pelias
  • Occasion and beginning of the Argonaut procession
  • The Argonauts at Lemnos
  • The Argonauts in the land of the Dolions
  • Heracles left behind
  • Pollux and the Bebryken King
  • Phineus and the Harpies
  • The Symplegaden
  • More adventures
  • Jason in the palace of Aietes
  • Medea and Aietes
  • The Council of Argos
  • Medea promises help to the Argonauts
  • Jason and Medea
  • Jason fulfills the desire of Aietes
  • Medea steals the golden fleece
  • The Argonauts, pursued, escape with Medea
  • The Argonauts continue their journey home
  • New persecution of the Kolchians
  • Heroes' last adventure
  • Jason’s end

Trojan saga cycle

Troy and the Trojan War
  • The conception of Dardano
  • Erichthonios and Tros , son and grandson of Dardanos
  • The founding of the city of Troy (= Ilion) by the son of the family, Ilos
  • The robbery of Ganymede's son Ganymede
  • The son of Assarakus and his line in the Aeneid
  • The first Trojan War in Laomedon times :
    • Laomedon's betrayal of Apollo and Poseidon
    • The divine punishment of the Trojans
    • The salvation of Hesione by Heracles
    • Laomedon's betrayal of Heracles
    • Conquest of Troy by Heracles
  • The Second Trojan War in Priam's Time :
    • prehistory
    • Iliad : the struggle against Troy and the wrath of Achilles
      • The Greeks involved
      • Message from the Greeks to Priam
      • Agamemnon and Iphigenia
      • Departure of the Greeks
      • Suspension of Philoctetes
      • The Greeks in Mysia
      • Telephos
      • Returned to Paris
      • The Greeks before Troy
      • Outbreak of battle
      • Protesilaos
      • Kyknos
      • Palamedes and his death
      • Deeds of Achilles and Ajax
      • Polydoros
      • Chryses , Apollo and the Wrath of Achilles (1st book)
      • Temptation of the people by Agamemnon (2nd book)
      • Paris and Menelaus (3rd book)
      • Pandaros (4th book)
      • The first day of slaughter
      • Diomedes (5th book)
      • Glaucoma and Diomedes
      • Hector in Troy (6th book)
      • Hector and Ajax in a duel (7th book)
      • armistice
      • Victory of the Trojans on the second day of the battle (Book 8)
      • Message from the Greeks to Achilles (9th book)
      • Dolon and Rhesos (10th book)
      • Third day of slaughter and second defeat of the Greeks (11th book)
      • Battle for the Wall (12th book)
      • Battle for the ships
      • The Greeks strengthened by Poseidon (13th / 14th book)
      • Hector of Apollo strengthened (15th book)
      • Death of Patroclus (16th book)
      • Jammer Achills (17th book)
      • Achilles re-armed (18th book)
      • Fourth day of slaughter, Achilles and Agamemnon reconciled (19th book)
      • Battle of Gods and Men (20th Book)
      • Fight of Achilles with the current god Scamander (21 point)
      • Battle of the gods
      • Achilles and Hector at the gates (22nd book)
      • Hector's death
      • Funeral of Patroclus (23rd book)
      • Priam with Achilles (24th book)
      • Hector's body in Troy
      • Penthesilea
      • Memnon
      • The death of Achilles
      • Funeral games in honor of Achilles
      • The death of the great Ajax
      • Machaon and Podaleirios
      • Neoptolemus
      • Philoctetes on Lemnos
      • The death of Paris
      • Storming Troy
      • The wooden horse
      • The destruction of Troy
      • Menelaus and Helena
      • Polyxena
      • Departure from Troy
      • Ajax the Lokrer's death

Odyssey

The adventures of Odysseus on his way home from Troy and back in Ithaca .

  • Telemach's Search for the Father (1st to 4th song)
  • Odysseus on the way home (5th to 8th song)
  • Odysseus tells the Phaiacs his wanderings (Canto 9 to 12)
  • Odysseus back in Ithaca (13th to 16th song)
    • Odysseus with the sow-shepherd Eumaios
    • Telemachus leaves Sparta
    • Conversations at the sow herder
    • Telemachus is coming home
    • Odysseus reveals himself to the son
  • Events in the city and in the palace (17th song and following)
    • Telemachus, Odysseus and Eumaios come to the city
    • Odysseus as a beggar in the hall
    • Odysseus and the beggar Iros
    • Penelope before the suitors
    • Odysseus mocked again
    • Odysseus alone with Telemachus and Penelope
    • The night and the morning in the palace
    • The feast
    • The bow competition (21st and 22nd song)
    • Odysseus discovers the good shepherd
    • The revenge
    • Punishment of the maids
    • Odysseus and Penelope (23rd and 24th song)
    • Odysseus and Laërtes
    • Riot in the city by Athena breastfed
    • The victory of Odysseus

Oresty

The fate of Agamemnon after his return from Troy and his avenging son Orestes.

Aeneid

The adventures of Aeneas on his flight from Troy and into Italy.

The legends of the Greek landscapes

Athenian sagas

Corinthian sagas

Argolic legends

  • The adventures of Perseus
  • Heracles and the horses of Diomedes: see also Heraklesage
  • Of Adrastus campaign against Thebes: see also Theban legends , Seven Against Thebes
    • Adrastos and the oracle
    • Marriage of his daughters to Polynices and Tydeus
    • The foundation of the Nemean Games by Adrastos
    • The rescue of Adrastus from Thebes by Heracles
  • The train of the epigones against Thebes: see also Theban sagas , epigones

Calydonian sagas

Spartan sagas

Boeotic sagas

  • The legend of the golden ram, see also Argonaut procession
  • Athamas and Nephele
  • Athamas and Ino
  • The Inoic famine and the false oracle
  • The escape of the Nepehele children Helle and Phrixus on the golden ram Chrysomallos
  • Fall of the light into the sea
  • Phrixus in Colchis
  • Sacrifice of the rams in Colchis

Thracian sagas

Messenian sagas

Elish sagas

  • The mucking out of Augias' stables by Heracles, the deception by Augeas, exile of Phileas, return of Heracles, killing of Augias, installation of Phileas, foundation of the Olympic Games : see also Heraklessage
  • The presumption of Salmoneus and his punishment by Zeus

Aiginic sagas

  • Zeus and the river goddess Aegina
  • Aiakos and the Myrmidons
  • The Aiakos sons Peleus and Telamon murder their half-brother Phokos
  • Peleus becomes king of Phthia and there father of Achilles, the Myrmidons follow him
  • Telamon becomes King of Salamis and there father of the great Ajax: takes part in the Argonauts campaign and in the hunt for the Calydonian boar , conquers Troy together with Heracles in the first campaign, fights with his son in the second campaign against Troy, described in the Iliad

More legends

literature