Seelbach (Villmar)

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Seelbach
Market town Villmar
Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 57 ″  N , 8 ° 13 ′ 43 ″  E
Height : 189  (125–305)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.14 km²
Residents : 634  (Jun. 30, 2020)
Population density : 89 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 65606
Area code : 06474
Seelbach from a bird's eye view
Seelbach from a bird's eye view

Seelbach is a district of the municipality of Villmar in the Limburg-Weilburg district in Central Hesse .

geography

Seelbach borders the Lahn in the south and east and is assigned to the natural spatial main unit 312 of the Weilburg Lahntal area with the northern and eastern parts of the district . The southern parts of the district, on the other hand, are in the Villmar Bay on the eastern edge of the natural area 311, Limburg Basin . The place is about three kilometers northeast of Villmar, about twelve kilometers east of the district town of Limburg an der Lahn and about eight kilometers south of the residential town of Weilburg an der Lahn . The Lahn, which describes a 90 ° curve at this point, is about one kilometer away from the town itself in the south and in the east.

The Seelbacher district belongs to the foothills of the Westerwald and borders in the Lahn valley on the foothills of the Hintertaunus . The Lahn slopes and Lahn valley sections of Seelbach to the south and east belong to the European FFH protection area "Lahntal and its slopes" (area number 5515-303) in the Natura 2000 network of protected areas.

The district borders in the west on the Runkel district of Arfurt and in a few short sections on a forest belonging to the core town of Runkel and in the north on Wirbelau (also Runkel district). Falkenbach joins in the northeast, Aumenau (both Villmarer districts) in the southwest and the district of the main town Villmar in the south. At one point in the northeast, the Seelbacher district touches that of Elkerhausen (municipality of Weinbach ).

The place consists of an old town center and the new development areas connected to it, especially to the south and south-west. This is how a settlement body stretched along the southwest-northeast axis was created. What is striking are the strong differences in height within the village, which are expressed by streets and paths with extreme gradients and numerous high retaining walls for terracing the site. The entire district extends over a comparatively flat area rising to the northwest over the Lahn. The place itself is about 200 meters above sea level. The highest point is reached in the northernmost part of the district "Nauscheid" near the L3020 ("Alte Runkeler Straße") and the elevated tank of the Georg-Joseph water association at around 305 meters, the lowest point at around 125 meters in the south-western Lahn valley at Arfurt train station.

The district is dominated by agricultural land. Of the 714 hectares of the total municipal area, the agricultural area comprises 396 hectares (as of 1965). In contrast, the forest area amounts to 31% of the total area of ​​the suburbs (as of 1964). The areas of the eastern and southern slopes of the Lahn are mainly forested. North of the town center, a strip of forest begins along the upper Seelbach valley, which widens towards the north and merges into the foothills of the larger forest area "Runkeler Wald" along a ridge over which the historically significant "Alte Runkeler Straße" leads. Two smaller pieces of forest are to the west of the village.

Seelbach itself is traversed by the stream of the same name, which comes from the north towards the Lahn. The Linnebach , which rises in the Seelbacher district and flows into the Lahn at the Arfurter sewage treatment plant, runs roughly parallel on the western edge of the district. The Wirbelauer Bach rises in the Wiesental "Trieschstruth" to the north and flows north to the Wirbelau district of Runkel and then flows into the Lahn to the east opposite Gräveneck .

history

prehistory

The oldest archaeological evidence from the district is a stone ax made of basalt from the period from 3500 to 3200 BC, found in 1975. BC and an approximately 5000 year old stone ax made of olivine basalt with an incomplete hole found in 1983, both of which were cataloged by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and assigned to the Neolithic Age .

First mention

Seelbach was first mentioned in a document in 1154. As early as 1053, Emperor Heinrich III. the royal court of Villmar to the monastery of Saint Eucharius (later called Saint Matthias) in Trier. Only in a subsequent, additional insert on a copy of the deed of gift, however, goods and tithe for "Selebach" are mentioned, which is why only the confirmation deed from 1154 can be regarded as the first documentary mention.

At the time of the first mention, the Lords of Isenburg, as bailiffs in Villmar, were also the rulers of the Aumenau district court , to which Seelbach also belonged. In 1366 the central area fell to the Lords of Wied .

Middle Ages and early modern times

An important estate was located in what is now called the 'Ludwigsburger Feld' and 'Ludwigsburger Wiesen' districts of Seelbach. It was first mentioned in a document in 1307 as Hof Götzenboden (Getzimbudem) of the Beselich monastery , was exchanged as 'Hof Ludwigsburg' in 1578 for the County of Wied-Runkel , and in the 17th century it was temporarily renamed to 'Eleonorenburg' as the seat of the Wied-Runkel Countess Eleonore Released around 1840 as the 'Ludwigsburger Hof'.

The oldest building that is still in good condition today is the Colonius-Hof from 1707, which survived the two great fires.

Recent and recent history

In 1925 the gymnastics club built a gym which was also used for parties and other gatherings. In 2004 the “Seelbachtalhalle” was completed as a new community hall in its place. In 1947, shortly after the gymnastics and sports clubs merged, a new sports field was built , and in 1992 a new sports center. A kindergarten was built in 1975 and a new fire station in 1985 .

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipalities of Villmar, Falkenbach, Langhecke and Seelbach merged on December 31, 1970 on a voluntary basis to form the new municipality of Villmar. Local districts according to the Hessian municipal code were not established.

Territorial history and administration

The following list shows the territories in which Seelbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate at a glance:

Church history

church

In terms of church, Seelbach was assigned to Villmar in the Middle Ages and early modern times. In the 14th century a chapel was built in the village so that part of the pastoral care could take place there. In 1489, Seelbach received its own chaplain. The Reformation was introduced in the village between 1560 and 1570 . In 1624 the place became the center of a parish to which Aumenau and Falkenbach also belonged. A parish school was also set up in Seelbach. In 1766 the old chapel was demolished. The following year, on October 18, a fire destroyed the rectory, 37 residential houses, 33 barns and 39 outbuildings. In 1772 a new church was consecrated. A second big fire on August 30, 1873 destroyed the church, rectory, school, 72 houses and 139 outbuildings. The church that still exists today was consecrated in 1876, and a new school two years later. Aumenau broke away from the parish association in 1924, and Falkenbach too in 1957. In 1969 the elementary school was closed. The Seelbach children go to school in Villmar and Runkel. The former school building is now privately owned.

Economic history

In addition to agriculture , Seelbach was economically shaped by the mining of smaller deposits of natural resources in the area: basalt , iron ore , manganese , slate , limestone , Lahn marble , ocher , quarry stones , sand and gravel . None of these raw materials are mined today. In the map of deposits from 1885, twelve mine fields were still listed in Seelbach.

In 1894 and 1896 the ' Lahnkalkwerk Auerberg GmbH' set up two lime kilns on the Lahn slope in the Nieder-Auerberg district. A siding of the Lahn Valley Railway for loading goods was also available. The initiative to set up an 'Auerberg Passenger Stop' on the Lahn Valley Railway and the extensive financing of the stop also came from this company. The passenger stop was named ' Bahnhof Arfurt ' and is still the only corrugated iron station in Germany today.

At “Heymanns Mühle” in the lower Seelbachtal between Seelbach and Arfurt , the young chemist Fritz Muck , who later became known as the founder of hard coal chemistry in the Ruhr area , ran an ocher company. There, Muck produced earth colors in yellow, brown, crab-colored and green shades of ocher mined on site , whereby the so-called "Arfurter green" was particularly valued.

population

Population development

Occupied population figures up to 1970 are:

Seelbach: Population from 1834 to 2020
year     Residents
1834
  
 493
1840
  
 499
1846
  
 520
1852
  
 539
1858
  
 560
1864
  
 576
1871
  
 598
1875
  
 581
1885
  
 589
1895
  
 591
1905
  
 564
1910
  
 580
1925
  
 579
1939
  
 564
1946
  
 846
1950
  
 810
1956
  
 680
1961
  
 662
1967
  
 668
1970
  
 698
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 651
2012
  
 654
2015
  
 661
2020
  
 634
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970 Villmar municipality ( web archive ,); 2011 census

Religious affiliation

1885: 575 Protestant, 14 Catholic residents
1961: 662 Protestant and 118 Catholic residents
Source: Historical local dictionary

Culture and sights

Cultural monuments

The State Office for Monument Preservation lists the following six monuments for Seelbach in the digital monument book of the State of Hesse :

  • The entire area of ​​Seelbach shows the special character of a late classicist village image, characterized by three- and four-sided courtyards with attractive houses and barns of impressive size. The core area around Rathausstraße shows a typical, terraced double tour with a central wall at the church and ends at the park-like outdoor area of ​​the former Hepp'schen Hof.
  • In 'Obere Neustraße 10' there is the large barn of a double courtyard, built in the year of the fire in 1873, as well as the ornate gate on the street as a typical closure of the courtyard.
Colonius Court from 1707
  • In the 'Untere Neustraße 1/3' is the so-called Colonius-Hof, named after one of its later owners, the Councilor Colonius. The oldest part of the four-sided, later longitudinally divided property is the residential building. The inscription According built in 1707 by a mayor of the town. The mostly plastered and slate-clad building with a crooked hip roof shows a mighty corner post, beautifully profiled sill timbers with frieze fillings between fluted beam heads. In the hall there is a spiral staircase with carved decorations on the base and a baroque door frame to the room. There are remarkable stucco ceilings in the upper rooms. The barn on Aumenauer Weg shows the remains of ornamental plaster plaster, as does the stable building, dated 1870 (part of house no.1). The southern stable and residential building (18th / 19th century) served at times as an emergency church. The courtyard is a special cultural monument in the Seelbach, which has been destroyed by fire several times.

Natural monuments

The Friedenseiche at the Seelbacher Sportplatz on the Bücklings-Höhe north of the village on Hessenstrasse is strictly protected by law as a natural monument under the identification number 3533068 by ordinance of May 10, 1960. This pedunculate oak was ceremoniously planted on May 14, 1871 after the end of the Franco-Prussian War (1870/71) and the establishment of the German Empire 'for the living and coming generations ... as a symbol of peace and unity'.

On the slope of the Lahn south of Falkenbach , in the Seelbach forest district "Ahlbach", there is a remarkable columnar basalt cone with meter-long angular basalt columns , which was cut by past mining activities . As a relic of mining history , the route of the horse-drawn railway can still be recognized there, which led to the basalt quarry "In den Södern" further south , where the bases of the cable car can still be found, which carry the mining products to the ore loading station "Schafstall-Aumenau" on the other Lahnseite transported.

societies

Seelbach has a gymnastics and sports club , the men 's choir "Liederkranz", a women and girls choir, the Seelbach volunteer fire brigade founded in 1932 with its youth fire brigade , which has been in existence since March 1, 1973 , the nature conservation group NABU Seelbach, a rural women’s club, a VdK local group and a Kyffhäuser association.

Infrastructure

The voluntary fire brigade Seelbach, founded in 1932 (since March 1, 1973 with youth fire brigade), provides defensive fire protection and general help.

Personalities

literature

  • Armin M. Kuhnigk: Villmar - history and shape of a large Hesse-Nassau community, Villmar 2nd edition 2000
  • District committee of the district Limburg-Weilburg, Kreissparkasse Limburg, Kreissparkasse Weilburg (Ed.): Limburg-Weilburg - Contributions to the history of the district, Limburg / Lahn 1986
  • Karl Hermann May: Territorial history of the Oberlahnkreis, Weilburg 1939
  • Villmar and its districts through the ages, Horb am Neckar 1988, ISBN 3-89264-176-5
  • Bernold Feuerstein: The natural spaces of our district. In: Yearbook 2005 for the Limburg-Weilburg district, district committee of the Limburg-Weilburg district (ed.), Limburg 2004, p. 251 f.
  • "Heimatbuch" editorial group on behalf of the municipality board of the market town of Villmar on the occasion of the 850th anniversary of the Seelbach district (publisher): Seelbach 850 years - 1154–2004, Villmar 2004
  • Literature about Seelbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Seelbach (Villmar)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Seelbach, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Figures - data - facts, population figures in brief. In: Internet presence. Villmar market town, accessed on February 2, 2020 .
  3. ↑ List of fauna-flora-habitat areas ( memento of the original from July 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Energy, Agriculture and Consumer Protection . Retrieved October 16, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / natura2000-verordnung.hessen.de
  4. ↑ a b Armin Matthäus Kuhnigk: Villmar - history and shape of a large Hesse-Nassau community, Villmar 1st edition 1976, pp. 98-102.
  5. ↑ a b "Heimatbuch" editorial group on behalf of the municipality board of the market town Villmar on the occasion of the 850th anniversary of the Seelbach district (ed.): Seelbach 850 Years - 1154–2004, Villmar 2004, pages 11–24.
  6. ^ "Heimatbuch" editorial group on behalf of the municipal board of the market town of Villmar on the occasion of the 850th anniversary of the Seelbach district (ed.): Seelbach 850 Years - 1154–2004, Villmar 2004, pages 155–158.
  7. ^ Association of municipalities to form the municipality of "Villmar", Oberlahnkreis on January 6, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 140 , point 168 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 373 .
  9. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ↑ a b c "Heimatbuch" editorial group on behalf of the municipal board of the market town of Villmar on the occasion of the 850th anniversary of the Seelbach district (ed.): Seelbach 850 Years - 1154–2004, Villmar 2004, pages 64–81.
  11. ^ Paul Gerhard Lameck: Dr. Fritz Muck - The founder of hard coal chemistry in the Ruhr area, Witten 1937, page 53 ff.
  12. ↑ Evelyn Kroker :  Muck, Fritz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 254 f. ( Digitized version ).
  13. ↑ Arfurter Chronicle ( Memento of 12 March 2005 at the Internet Archive ). Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  14. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  15. ↑ a b c d e f g DenkXweb-The digital GIS-supported monument book of the State of Hesse at the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse . Retrieved March 6, 2020.
  16. ↑ List of natural monuments in the Limburg-Weilburg district (PDF; 33 kB) at the Lower Nature Conservation Authority (UNB) of the Limburg-Weilburg district . Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  17. ↑ Seelbacher Schulchronik, published in extracts in: Seelbach 850 Years - 1154-2004, Villmar 2004, pages 152–154.
  18. ^ NABU Seelbach ( Memento from December 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) at the NABU District Association Limburg-Weilburg . Retrieved October 19, 2011.
  19. ^ Database of German members of parliament . Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  20. ^ Database of German members of parliament . Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  21. ↑ Complete list of members of the German Bundestag from 1. – 13. Electoral term . Retrieved October 17, 2011.