Strachotín

Strachotín
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Břeclav
Area :	1414 ha
Geographic location :	48 ° 54 '  N , 16 ° 40'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 54 '11 "  N , 16 ° 40' 3"  E
Height:	170  m nm
Residents :	798 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	690 02 - 692 01
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Hustopeče - Mikulov
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Helena Gutmanová (as of 2018)
Address:	Osvobození 87 693 01 Strachotín
Municipality number:	584916
Website :	www.strachotin.cz

Church of St. Ulrich, Cyrill and Method

Strachotín (German Tracht ) is a municipality in Okres Břeclav in Jihomoravský kraj , Czech Republic and is located 6 km north of Mikulov . The place is laid out as a semicircular village.

geography

The place is located directly on the reservoir near the Nové Mlýny III dam . The neighboring towns are Dolní Věstonice in the south, Pouzdřany in the west , Šakvice in the east and Popice in the north .

history

1051 was a first settlement, it was mentioned in 1174 and 1178 as a fortified complex and in 1334 it was mentioned as a market in the House of Liechtenstein . The Bavarian-Austrian ui dialect indicates a settlement by Bavarian tribes, which began after 1050, but especially in the 12th / 13th centuries. Century took place. They brought new agricultural cultivation methods and agricultural implements with them and introduced the more productive three-field economy .

In the land register of the year 1414, costume is mentioned as the most important market in Liechtenstein rule. In 1536 the parish is dissolved and comes to Unterwisternitz until 1785. Adam von Dietrichstein changed hands in 1575 . From 1582 there were two annual markets with a horse market and a weekly market, which was granted by Rudolf II. Tracht also received a mining law system and its own jurisdiction. During the Reformation , the Anabaptist Brethren was established . However, these were expelled from Moravia in 1622. Most of the Anabaptists moved on to Transylvania . During the Thirty Years' War the place was plundered and burned down in 1619 after a battle on the Peterwiese. Register books had existed since 1657, but they are burned in the chaos of war 1945th In 1663 under Rudolf von Teuffenbach he was tormented by the Turks and hit by the plague in 1680. In 1727 a fire raged, with almost the whole place with the church and tower burned down. From 1729 the local jurisdiction was abolished, although the pillory of the village reminded of this until 1833. Land registers have been kept since 1785.

During the Napoleonic Wars , the place was ravaged by French troops in 1805 and 1809. In 1818 105 houses burned, in 1827 and 1898 there were 40 houses each. Cholera, brought in by Prussian soldiers during the German-Austrian War , claimed 68 lives in the village in 1866. In 1887 Tracht's market rights were reaffirmed. Most of the population lived from agriculture. Due to the favorable climate, sugar beets, alfalfa, potatoes, cucumbers, beans, plums, sour cherries, cherries, nuts, peaches, apricots, apples and pears could be grown in large quantities in addition to various types of grain. Viticulture, which has been cultivated in South Moravia for centuries, was also practiced in the village. The vine stocks were almost completely destroyed by the phylloxera plague around 1864. However, the population slowly recovered until 1945. In addition to a flourishing small business, there was also a Raiffeisenkassa and a milk cooperative in traditional costume. The large forest and lake areas within the municipality enabled the residents to hunt and fish abundantly. A volunteer fire and water service was founded in 1895.

With the Treaty of Saint-Germain , costume became part of the new Czechoslovakia after the First World War . In 1910, the residents of Tracht were almost exclusively German-speaking. In the interwar period , new settlers and the filling of civil servants led to an increased influx of people speaking the Czech language. The 1926 floods caused significant damage. The place was electrified in 1929. After the Munich Agreement , German troops moved into the place on October 8, 1938. Between 1938 and 1945 it belonged to the Reichsgau Niederdonau .

In World War II, 49 local residents were killed. On April 16, 1945, the place was taken by the Red Army, three residents were killed. After the war ended, the community came back to Czechoslovakia. About 50 to 60 residents fled across the nearby border to Austria. 788 local residents were taken to a camp in Hustopeče . The forced resettlement of the German South Moravians from traditional costumes took place in 1946 to West Germany. 18 people remained in the place. The property of the German local residents was confiscated . About 20% of the displaced remained in Austria, the remaining 80% were transferred to Germany. Four families each emigrated to the USA, two to Canada and one each to Sweden and Australia. The village was largely repopulated.

Coat of arms and seal

A local seal is passed down from 1583. It shows a Renaissance shield, inside a piece of branch with an upright acorn, which is cut at the front by a winemaker's knife, at the back by a plow knife. This seal must have been forgotten after the Thirty Years' War, because the seals of the 18th and 19th centuries show different and changing images: while a baroque seal shows two crossed oak branches with acorns hanging downwards and a plow above, the market in the Theresian cadastre of 1749 with a seal that contains the image of Our Lady within the inscription "TRACHT IN SIGILLUM". A little later, the market town bought a new seal: The inscription remained unchanged, but the seal field shows a plow knife standing vertically above a ploughshare, behind which two branches with acorns cross. Only after the renewal of the market rights in 1887 was it possible to revert to the oldest verifiable seal image.

Population development

census	Houses	Total population	Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year			German	Czechs	other
1793	108	608
1836	132	780
1869	171	875
1880	183	974	950	19th	5
1890	195	1,127	1,096	25th	6th
1900	202	1,049	974	64	11
1910	205	1.010	988	22nd	0
1921	209	1.004	898	84	22nd
1930	224	923	829	76	18th
1939		828
1945		806
Source: 1793, 1836, 1850 from: Frodl, Blaschka: South Moravia from A – Z. 2006
Other: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv. 9th 1984

Attractions

• Parish church hl. Ulrich, 1582 on remains from the 13th century, enlarged in 1789, tower in 1753, raised in 1791; High altar by Franz Anton Maulpertsch.
• St. John of Nepomuk, 1735, St. Florian 1833, Our Lady 1889, cemetery cross 1886. * War memorial (1925)
• Town Hall (1927)
• Kindergarten (1933)
• School (1584), new building in 1804, remodeling in 1861, from 1862 two-class, 1886 three-class. 1922–1938 Czech minority school in the parish hall.
• Annual markets, (since 1887) On Wednesday 1) in front of Joseph (March 19), 2) in front of Johannes d. Baptist (June 24th), 3) before Bartholomew (August 24th), 4) before Elisabeth (November 25th).

Sons and daughters of the church

• Wolfgang Eduard Pauker (born December 14, 1867, † January 9, 1950 in Klosterneuburg), priest, art historian and writer.
• Anton Rieß (born August 19, 1883; † May 10, 1944 in Altlichtenwarth), local history researcher

swell

• Franz Josef Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. 1793, costume p. 423.
• Gregor Wolny : The Anabaptists in Moravia, Vienna 1850
• Anton Rieß: The traditional costume market in the past and present. 1930
• Georg Dehio , Karl Ginhart : Handbook of German art monuments in the Ostmark. 1941, costume p. 460.
• Johann Zabel: Church guide for South Moravia. 1941, Vicariate General Nikolsburg, costume p. 20.
• Willibald Schenk: Brief history of the traditional costume market. 1952
• Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 212, 415, 421-422 (costume).
• Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. 1990, costume p. 36.
• Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. 1992 costume p. 225.
• Gerald Frodl, Walfried Blaschka: Nikolsburg district from A – Z. 2006, costume p. 185.

Web links

Commons : Strachotín  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Traditional costume in "Old postcard motifs of the South Moravian communities"
• Cultural database of displaced persons

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/584916/Strachotin
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia, 1989, p. 9.
4. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: Dictionary of the South Moravian dialects . Their use in speech, song and writing. 25,000 dialect words, 620 pages self-published. 1999.
5. ↑ Längin: The Hutterites. 1986, p. 237.
6. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: I dream of a vine. Chapter 7, p. 263.
7. ^ Johann Wolfgang Brügel : Czechs and Germans 1918 - 1938. Munich 1967
8. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria in 1945/46. Diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
9. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume III. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , traditional costume p. 212.
10. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. 1992, costume p. 225.