Přítluky

Přítluky
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Břeclav
Area :	1431 ha
Geographic location :	48 ° 51 '  N , 16 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 50 '55 "  N , 16 ° 46' 21"  E
Height:	165  m nm
Residents :	813 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	691 04 - 692 01
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Zaječí - Rakvice
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	2
administration
Mayor :	František Kadlec (as of 2018)
Address:	Obecní 11 691 04 Přítluky
Municipality number:	584851
Website :	www.pritluky.cz

View of Přítluky

St. Margarethe Church

Přítluky (German Prittlach ) is a municipality in Jihomoravský kraj ( South Moravia ), Okres Břeclav ( Lundenburg district ) in the Czech Republic . It is located 14 kilometers northwest of Břeclav ( Lundenburg ). The place is laid out as a square village.

geography

Přítluky is a square village on the left side of the Thaya at the foot of the mountain Přítlucká hora ( Prittling , 292 m). In the northeast lies the Thayatalsperre Nové Mlýny. The neighboring towns are in the east Rakvice ( Rakwitz ), in the southeast Podivín ( Kostel ), in the west Nové Mlýny ( Neumühl ) and in the north Zaječí ( Saitz ).

history

In the 11th to 13th centuries there was a great movement of settlements from west to east. Moravia was ruled by the Přemyslid dynasty from 1031 to 1305 . In order to use larger areas for agriculture and thus achieve higher yields, the colonists advertised them, for example, with ten years of tax exemption (German settler law). By 1150, the area around Mikulov (Nikolsburg) and Znojmo (Znaim) was settled by German immigrants from Lower Austria . The layout of the village and the ui dialect show that they originally came from the Bavarian areas of the dioceses of Regensburg and Passau. They brought new agricultural equipment with them and introduced the high-yield three-field economy .

The village was owned by the Cistercian monastery Velehrad and was first mentioned in 1222. In 1220 the place was named "Pritluh", in 1229 "Britteluche" and in 1362 "Pritlach", in the 17th century it became "Brichlach" and was named "Prittlach" again in the 19th century. During the Hussite Wars , the place was burned down in 1421. In 1599 Prittlach was bought by the Liechtenstein family and in 1617 it was incorporated into the Lednice estate .

At the beginning of the Thirty Years War , in 1619, the village was burned down and remained devastated for three years. In 1645 Prittlach was burned down again by Swedish troops under Lennart Torstensson . The place was damaged in raids by Turkish troops in 1649 and 1663. Registries have been kept since 1653. Online search via the Brno State Archives. Land registers have been kept since 1702. Due to the Turkish Wars and the War of the Spanish Succession , high taxes and rapid currency devaluation led to the impoverishment of the inhabitants of Prittlach. From the 16th century there was a village school, which in 1844 was given a new two-story building for three classes. In 1896 a volunteer fire brigade was founded in the village. The language of the inhabitants is rooted in the Middle Bavarian-Austrian Ui dialect with special Bavarian passwords , which indicate a settlement by Bavarian German tribes, as they were especially in the 12th / 13th centuries. Century took place. The main occupation of the inhabitants was agriculture and viticulture as well as livestock and fish farming. Due to the good climate, poppy seeds, sugar beets, legumes and potatoes were also grown in addition to various types of grain. The flourishing wine culture in the village suffered a severe setback from the phylloxera plague around 1900. In 1945, only half of the wine-growing area from 1900 was used.

After the First World War , Prittlach, like all of Moravia, came to the newly formed Czechoslovakia . Measures such as land reform and a language ordinance led to an increase in the influx of people of Czech nationality through settlers and newly filled civil servants. The place was electrified in 1928. The war memorial for the 44 fallen soldiers of the First World War was erected in 1930. In 1938 a kindergarten and a community library were built. During the Sudeten crisis , the inhabitants of Prittlach were ordered to go to the entrenchments by the Czech military. After the Munich Agreement , Prittlach became part of the German Reichsgau Niederdonau on October 1, 1938 .

During World War II , 58 men were killed and four people died in a bomb attack. After the end of the war, the territories transferred in the Munich Agreement were reassigned to Czechoslovakia . Between May 22nd and June 26th 1945, all but four families were expelled across the border into Austria . This resulted in seven civilian deaths.

47 families of the displaced remained in Austria, the remaining 130 families were transferred to Germany. The main cross at the cemetery was renovated in 1993 by evicted Prittlachers.

In 1960 Nové Mlýny ( Neumühl ) was incorporated.

Coat of arms and seal

The oldest seal shows the inscription "GEMEIN.SIGIL.BRICHLAH 1711" within a wreath of leaves. It shows a vine with two grapes and a winemaker's knife with Securis.

Population development

census	Houses	Total population	Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year			German	Czechs	other
1793	160	716
1836	172	900
1869	182	799
1880	182	909	892	16	5
1890	187	821	802	19th	8th
1900	191	870	867	2	1
1910	203	867	856	9	2
1921	207	837	782	30th	25th
1930	219	821	777	30th	14th
1939	224	844	844
Source: 1793, 1836, 1850 from: South Moravia from A – Z, Frodl, Blaschka
Other: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv.9. 1984

Community structure

The community Přítluky consists of the districts Nové Mlýny ( Neumühl ) and Přítluky ( Prittlach ), which also form cadastral districts.

Personalities

• Franz Ludwig. Local researcher and Josef Löhner Prize winner

Architectural monuments, facilities

• Parish Church of St. Margareta, 1218, burned down several times and rebuilt; adjacent onion dome,
• Trinity column with statues of St. John of Nepomuk, St. Florian, St. Wendelin
• Monument to the Rakwitz tragedy in the Thaya in Nové Mlýny. On May 26, 1936, during a school trip to the Pollau Mountains, the Thaya ferry overloaded with Rakwitz children capsized in Neumühl, where 31 students drowned.
• War memorial (1930)

Literature and Sources

• Franz Josef Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. 1793, Prittlach page 310
• Johann Zabel: Church guide for South Moravia. 1941, Prittlach page 37
• Gregor, Gustav: History of the local community Prittlach. 1968
• Ludwig, Ernst: History of the local community Prittlach 1220-1945. 1981
• Johann Urbin: South Moravia today: Documentation about Prittlach. 1984
• Ilse Tielsch -Felzmann: South Moravian Legends . 1969, Munich, Heimatwerk publishing house
• Wenzel Max: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia , 1984, Geislingen / Steige
• Ludwig, Ernst: Prittlach in South Moravia. 1992
• Karl Odehnal: Chronicle of the local community Prittlach. 2 volumes. 1993
• Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 204, 211, 406, 409, 411, 412, 414, 417, 421-435, 427-428, 431, 553, 573, 577 (Prittlach).
• Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0 , p. 31.
• Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X , p. 194.
• Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Nikolsburg from A to Z. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2006, p. 177f.

Web links

Commons : Přítluky  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Prittlach in "Old postcard motifs of the South Moravian communities"
• Cultural database of displaced persons

supporting documents

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/584851/Pritluky
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ http://www.planet-wissen.de/kultur/mitteleuropa/geschichte_tschechiens/pwiedeutscheintschechien100.html
4. ↑ Joachim Rogall: Germans and Czechs: History, Culture, Politics Verlag CH Beck, 2003. ISBN 3-406-45954-4 . Preface by Václav Havel. Chapter: The Přemyslids and the German Colonization S33 f.
5. ^ ^{A b} Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 9
6. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: Dictionary of the South Moravian dialects . Their use in speech, song and writing. 25,000 dialect words, 620 pages self-published. 1999.
7. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved April 10, 2011.
8. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: I dream of a vine , Chapter 7, p. 262
9. ^ Johann Wolfgang Brügel : Czechs and Germans 1918 - 1938 , Munich 1967
10. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume III. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 2001, p. 244, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 .
11. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 211 (Prittlach).
12. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46 , diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
13. ↑ Emilia Hrabovec: Expulsion and Deportation. Germans in Moravia 1945 - 1947 , Frankfurt am Main / Bern / New York / Vienna (= Vienna Eastern European Studies. Series of publications by the Austrian Institute for Eastern and South Eastern Europe), 1995 and 1996
14. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities, 1992, Prittlach page 189
15. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/584851/Obec-Pritluky
16. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/584851/Obec-Pritluky