Nový Přerov

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Nový Prerov
Nový Prerov's coat of arms
Nový Přerov (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihomoravský kraj
District : Břeclav
Area : 614 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 49 '  N , 16 ° 30'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 48 '34 "  N , 16 ° 29' 50"  E
Height: 180  m nm
Residents : 316 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 691 81
License plate : B.
traffic
Street: Novosedly - Nový Přerov
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Petr Hryčovský (as of 2018)
Address: Nový Přerov 54
69181 Březí u Mikulova
Municipality number: 584754
Website : www.novyprerov.cz

Nový Přerov (German Neuprerau ) is a municipality with 329 inhabitants in the Okres Břeclav in the Czech Republic . It is located 2 km east of the Thaya in South Moravia . The state border runs directly south of the village, behind which extends the Austrian cadastral community of Alt-Prerau , which belongs to Wildendürnbach . East of the village is the 237 m high Přerovský vrch. The place is laid out as a Breitstrasse village.

geography

The neighboring places are in the northwest Jevišovka ( Fröllersdorf ), in the north Novosedly na Moravě ( Neusiedl am Sand ) and in the northeast Dobré Pole ( Guttenfeld ).

history

The village, which belonged to the Dürnholz rule , was laid out around 1350 and was therefore owned by the House of Liechtenstein . Its residents lived from agriculture and viticulture and originally came from Bavarian countries. Over the centuries the name of the place changed several times. It was first mentioned in 1351 as "Przerow". After the settlement was deserted by Hussite attacks and the war between Matthias Corvinus and Georg von Podiebrad , the village with Dürnholz came under the rule of Christoph von Teuffenbach. Around 1570 Neuprerau, together with Guttenfeld and Bischofswarth, was largely repopulated by Croatian farmers. Due to disputes with the neighboring Staatz rule, there was a separation into a Moravian Neuprerau and a Lower Austrian Altprerau. Registries have been kept since 1686. Online search via the Brno State Archives. Land registers have been kept since 1784. In 1690 a cemetery was built and consecrated outside the village. Until 1824 the children from Neu Prerau started school in Fröllersdorf. Until the first own school was built in 1854, the children were taught in the community inn.

After the First World War, the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated . Through the Treaty of Saint-Germain Neu-Prerau, whose inhabitants were 71% German South Moravians in 1910 , became part of the new Czechoslovak Republic . In the inter-war period there was an increased influx of Czechs and Croats, as a result of which the proportion of German citizens fell to 17%. Further measures such as land reform or language regulations strengthened the German population's aspirations for autonomy and at the same time led to tensions throughout the country. The Munich Agreement regulated the cession of the Sudeten German territories to Germany. Between 1938 and 1945 the place Neuprerau belonged to the Reichsgau Niederdonau .

During the Second World War , the place suffered 56 victims. After its end (May 8, 1945), the request of the ČSR government Beneš was complied with by the victorious powers and the territories transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement in 1938 were reassigned to Czechoslovakia based on the Treaty of Saint-Germain of 1919 . Many German citizens fled from the onset of post-war excesses by militant Czechs or were 'wildly' driven over the nearby border to Austria . There were five deaths among the new presidents. The Beneš Decree 115/46 (Law on Exemption from Punishment) declares such actions to be unlawful until October 28, 1945 in the struggle to regain freedom ..., or which aimed at just retaliation for the acts of the occupiers or their accomplices ... . The victorious powers of World War II took on August 2, 1945, in Potsdam communiqué, Article XIII specifically to the wild and collectively running expulsion of the German population not position. However, they explicitly called for an "orderly and humane transfer" of the "German population segments" that "remained in Czechoslovakia". The last ten German citizens of Neuprerau were forcibly resettled to Germany on March 15 and June 22, 1946 . 29 Croatian families who were considered "too friendly to Germany" were forcibly relocated to North Moravia between 1948 and 1950. The place was largely repopulated. As early as October 25, 1945, based on the Beneš Decree 108, the entire movable and immovable property of the German residents was confiscated and placed under state administration. No redress has been made.

The majority of the families from Neu Prerau who were expelled to Austria were able to stay, as many owned land or had family members in Austria. The remaining Neuprerauer were transferred to Germany.

Coat of arms and seal

A place seal has been known since the 17th century. It shows two columnar towers with a plow iron in the middle. In the 18th century the community seal changed. A plow iron with two flower stalks was depicted.

Population development

census Total population Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year German Czechs Croatians
1793 271 - - -
1836 454 - - -
1869 615 - - -
1880 673 98 0 575
1890 711 96 41 574
1900 781 123 53 605
1910 829 596 72 161
1921 878 548 91 238
1930 880 153 151 576
1939 801 - - -
Source: 1793, 1836, 1850 from: South Moravia from AZ, Frodl, Blaschka
Other: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv.9. 1984

Attractions

  • Church of St. Michael (1690)

swell

  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 251, 431, 573 (Neuprerau).
  • Wilhelm Szegeda: Local history reading book of the Nikolsburg school district, 1935, approved teaching aid, teachers' association Pohrlitz Verlag, Neuprerau p. 73
  • Gerald Frodl, Walfried Blaschka: Nikolsburg district from A – Z, 2006, Neuprerau, p. 137.

literature

  • Franz Josef Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. 1793, Neuprerau, p. 309
  • Johann Zabel: Church handler for South Moravia 1941, Vicariate General Nikolsburg, Neuprerau p. 18
  • Wenzel Max: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia , 1984, Geislingen / Steige
  • Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. 1990, Neuprerau, p. 25
  • Anton Kreuzer: The Croatian Settlements in South Moravia. 1968

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/584754/Novy-Prerov
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 9
  4. ↑ Josef Breu: The Croatian settlement in Burgenland and the adjacent areas , 1970, p. 138
  5. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved March 27, 2011.
  6. ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989 , Amalthea Verlag, Vienna, Munich, 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X
  7. ↑ O. Kimminich: The assessment of the Munich Agreement in the Prague Treaty and in the literature on international law published on it , Munich 1988
  8. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Nikolsburg from AZ, South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige, 2006, excerpt from the Book of the Dead, p. 216
  9. ^ Charles L. Mee : The Potsdam Conference 1945. The division of the booty. Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich 1979. ISBN 3-453-48060-0 .
  10. ↑ Mikulov Archives: Odsun Nĕmců - transport odeslaný dne 20. kvĕtna 1946.
  11. ^ A b c Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 251 f . (Neuprerau).
  12. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46 , diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
  13. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities, 1992, Neuprerau, p. 156