Klentnice

Klentnice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Břeclav
Area :	769 ha
Geographic location :	48 ° 51 '  N , 16 ° 39'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 50 '41 "  N , 16 ° 38' 41"  E
Height:	334  m nm
Residents :	530 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	692 01
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Mikulov - Pavlov
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Monika Blahová (as of 2018)
Address:	Klentnice 24 692 01 Mikulov
Municipality number:	584541
Website :	www.klentnice.cz

Klentnice (German Klentnitz ) is a municipality in Jihomoravský kraj ( South Moravia ) in the Czech Republic . It is located 20 kilometers northwest of Břeclav ( Lundenburg ) and belongs to the Okres Břeclav . The place is laid out as a street village. Klentnice belongs to the Mikulov wine-growing sub-region.

geography

The street village of Klentnice is located between the Pollau Mountains and the Milovická pahorkatina . The village lies at the eastern foot of the Stolová hora (458 m) and is dominated by the ruins of the Sirotčí Hrádek castle (orphanage, also known as the Rosenburg). In the north rise the Děvín (549 m) and its foothill Palava (461 m). The Klentnický creek rises on the southern edge of the village ; southeast of the Mušlovský potok .

Neighboring towns are Horní Věstonice ( Oberwisternitz ) and Dolní Věstonice ( Unterwisternitz ) in the north, Pavlov ( Pollau ) in the northeast, Milovice ( Millowitz ) in the east, Mikulov ( Nikolsburg ) in the south, Bavory ( Pardorf ) in the southwest and Perná ( Bergen ) in the west .

history

Klentnice

Baroque church of St. George in Klentnice

View of Klentnitz around 1930

Grave finds from the La Tène period prove an early settlement. Klentnitz was first mentioned in 1249 when it was owned by Heinrich I von Liechtenstein . According to a royal document dated March 11, 1332, it was owned by the Liechtensteiners and the Kanitz monastery that year . The “ui” dialect (Bavarian-Austrian) with its special Bavarian passwords indicates a settlement by Bavarian German tribes, as they did around 1050, but especially in the 12th / 13th centuries. Century took place. The form of the name changed from "Glemtitz" (1332) and "Glewetitz" (1351) to "Glennticz" (1504) and "Glenginitz" (1583) and "Glendnitz" (1650) to Klentnitz.

Due to wars, especially the Hussite invasion of 1426, the place became deserted. It was repopulated at the beginning of the 16th century. When the rule of Nikolsburg was divided among the Liechtensteiners in 1514, taxes from Klentnitz are mentioned. In 1560 the place was sold and fell back to Maximilian II with the rule of Nikolsburg in 1572, who in turn sold it to Adam von Dietrichstein in 1575. During the Thirty Years' War , Klentnitz was sacked in 1619 by the Hungarian troops of Prince Bethlen Gabor and in 1645, along with Waisenstein Castle, was conquered by the Swedes.

The first school building took place in 1796 and the two-class new building in 1901. Until 1775 the village was parish to Nikolsburg. During the coalition wars, Klentnitz was occupied and sacked by French troops in 1805 and 1809.

The balanced warm climate makes the area a fertile garden for wine, fruit and vegetables of special quality. However, the phylloxera plague , around 1864, destroyed most of the vineyards. By 1900 the area under vines decreased to 1/4 and by 1945 to 1/8. In addition to all types of grain, maize, poppy seeds and rapeseed also grow. The inhabitants also found their income in the limestone quarries, brickworks and other businesses. For these reasons Klentnitz became a climatic health resort and was also very popular for summer vacation . In 1890 a volunteer fire brigade was founded in the village.

After the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I , Moravia became part of the democratic Czechoslovakia, which was proclaimed in 1918 . In the Munich Agreement of 1938, the cession of the Sudeten German territories to the German Reich was enforced. Klentnitz became a part of the Reichsgau Niederdonau . During the Second World War , the place suffered 37 victims. After the war ended on May 8, 1945, Klentnitz returned to Czechoslovakia. After the Red Army troops left, the place was occupied by militant Czechs. To avoid acts of revenge, a third of German citizens fled or were expelled across the nearby border to Austria . This resulted in nine deaths among the displaced. Between March 15 and October 3, 1946, the last 225 German Klentnitzer were forcibly resettled to West Germany. Your property has been confiscated. The Klentnitzer resident in Austria were brought to Germany in accordance with the "transfer" goals mentioned in the Potsdam communiqués, with the exception of a few people.

Coat of arms and seal

The seal of Klentnitz contains a Renaissance shield bent on both sides in the seal field. There are two plow knives facing away from each other and above them the year 1560. This relatively early village seal refers to the importance of the place in the area of ​​the Nikolsburg rule at that time. The original typar of a second seal, created in 1651, is still preserved today and in the second half of the 19th century a simple non-image seal was created.

Population development

Registries have been kept since 1625. Online search via the Brno State Archives. Land register records have existed since 1743.

census	Houses	Total population	Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year			German	Czechs	other
1793	88	405
1836	90	437
1869	96	434
1880	96	494	494	0	0
1890	98	446	436	8th	2
1900	104	525	523	2	0
1910	127	609	607	2	0
1921	134	630	615	2	13
1930	148	556	552	0	4th
1939		567
Source: 1793, 1836, 1850 from: Frodl, Blaschka: South Moravia from A – Z. 2006
Other: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv.9. 1984

Personalities

• Leopold Grech (born October 5, 1900 - † November 11, 1981), local history researcher. Winner of the Professor Josef Freising Prize 1975.
• Heinz Andreas Hönisch (* 1941), Honorary Consul and holder of the Cross of Merit on Ribbon of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Attractions

Waisenstein Castle

• Church of St. Georg, built in 1783/85, late baroque mirror-vaulted almost square hall; High altar painting by Josef Winterhalter the Elder J., stucco work by Andreas Schweigel ,
• Statues of St. Florian and St. John of Nepomuk
• Rectory blessed in 1785, cemetery in 1582
• Ruins of the orphanage castle ( Sirotčí hrádek ) 13th century
• Burgstall Neuhaus
• War memorial (1925)

Say

• There is a tub stone near Klentnitz. A legend tells that a black man once lived there who stole his parents' children with gifts and promises.
• The giants in the "Klause"

Sources and literature

• Franz Josef Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. 1793, p. 157f.
• Gregor Wolny : The Anabaptists in Moravia, Vienna 1850
• AJF Zieglschmied: The oldest chronicle of the Hutterite brothers. 1943.
• Wilhelm Szegeda: Local history reading book of the Nikolsburg school district. 1935, approved teaching aid, Verlag Lehrerverein Pohrlitz, Klentnitz, p. 90.
• Georg Dehio , Karl Ginhart: Handbook of German art monuments in the Ostmark. 1941, Anton Schroll & Co, Klentnitz, p. 283.
• F. Streloff, Luise Fleischmann: The tub stone near Klentnitz. 1956.
• Josef Freising: The Rosenburg near Klentnitz and its history. 1936.
• Franz Seidel, Josef Freising: Homeland book of the community Klentnitz. 1956.
• Jiří Říhovský: The Klentnice urn burial ground. Fontes Arch. Pragensis 8, Prague 1965.
• Johann Schmied: Book of the dead of the community of Klentnitz. 1986.
• Wenzel Max: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia , 1984, Geislingen / Steige
• Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0 , p. 14.
• Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X , p. 109f.
• Andreas Hönisch: Memories of our unforgettable mountain village Klentnitz. 1997.
• Helma Medek, Josef Medek: Klentnitz. 1999.
• Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 226 f .
• Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Nikolsburg from A to Z. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2006, p. 87f.

Web links

Commons : Klentnice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Community website
• Klentnitz in "Old Postcard Motifs of the South Moravian Communities"
• Cultural database of displaced persons

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/584541/Klentnice
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 9
4. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. 1992, p. 109; Liechtenstein Archive Vienna / Vaduz (1332, 1504); Zemské desky Brno IV / 78; Statní oblastní archiv, Brno G140 / 1023 and G135 // 2209; OA Lundenburg;
5. ↑ Freising: home book of the community Klentnitz. P. 115.
6. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: I dream of a vine , Chapter 7, p. 262
7. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Nikolsburg from AZ, South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige, 2006, Book of the Dead p. 216
8. ↑ Archive Mikulov, Odsun Němců - transport odeslaný dne 20. května, 1946th
9. ↑ William Jun / Ludislava Šuláková: The problem of Abschubs the Germans in the files of the national committee (MNV) and the District People's Committee (ONV) Mikulov. Verlag Maurer, Südmährisches Jahrbuch 2001, p. 45, ISSN  0562-5262
10. ↑ Ignaz Seidl-Hohenveldern : International Confiscation and Expropriation Law. Series: Contributions to foreign and international private law. Volume 23. Berlin and Tübingen, 1952.
11. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46 , diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
12. ↑ Brunnhilde Scheuringer: 30 years later. The integration of ethnic German refugees and displaced persons in Austria, publisher: Braumüller, 1983, ISBN 3-7003-0507-9
13. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 226 .
14. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved March 21, 2011.
15. ^ Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. 1990, p. 14
16. ↑ Theodor Vernaleken: Myths and Customs of the People in Austria. P. 131.
17. ↑ Oberleitner / Matzura: Südmährische Sagen, 1921, p. 63