Popice

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Popice (disambiguation) .

Popice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihomoravský kraj
District :	Břeclav
Area :	999 ha
Geographic location :	48 ° 56 '  N , 16 ° 40'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 55 '38 "  N , 16 ° 40' 16"  E
Height:	188  m nm
Residents :	937 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	691 27
License plate :	B.
traffic
Street:	Vranovice - Hustopeče
Railway connection:	Brno - Břeclav
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Marek Sekanina (as of 2018)
Address:	Hlavní 62 691 27 Popice
Municipality number:	584819
Website :	www.obecpopice.eu

St. Andrew's Church

Popice (German Poppitz ) is a municipality in the South Moravia region in the Czech Republic . The village is located 24 kilometers northwest of Břeclav and belongs to the Okres Břeclav . the place is laid out as a broad street village.

geography

The village is located at the foot of Žlutý kopec (291 m) in the valley basin of Popický potok.

Neighboring towns are Uherčice in the north, Starovice ( Groß-Steurowitz ) and Hustopeče ( Auspitz ) in the northeast, Šakvice in the southeast, Strachotín ( traditional costume ) in the south and Pouzdřany ( Pausram ) in the west.

history

The village was first mentioned in a document in 1291. The Bavarian-Austrian ui dialect (dialects) with its special passwords , such as Bui, Huit (Bub, Hut), indicates a settlement by Bavarian tribes, which after 1050, but especially in the 12th / 13th centuries. Century took place. They brought farm implements made of iron, implemented new agricultural cultivation methods and the high-yield three-field economy .

Later Poppitz and the village of Pausram were transferred to the Kanitz monastery by Heinrich II of Liechtenstein. After the dissolution of the monastery and the repurchase of Poppitz by the Liechtenstein family , the place belonged to the Nikolsburg rule from 1414 to 1848. During the Hussite Wars , the place was devastated by the Hussites in 1426 .

In 1541, the Anabaptists settled in Poppitz, which made the town considered Protestant. After the victory of the imperial troops in the Battle of White Mountain at the beginning of the Thirty Years War , the Counter Reformation began in Moravia. The Anabaptists were expelled from the country in 1622. Most of them moved on to Transylvania . During the war Poppitz was ravaged by the Hungarians in 1621 and by the Swedes under Lennart Torstensson in 1645 . Due to the importance of viticulture in Poppitz, the place received its own mountain regulations in 1637. With the construction of a train station in 1839, Poppitz was connected to the rail network. In 1860 the place becomes an independent parish. The school, which was first mentioned in 1621, was expanded to four classes in 1984. A volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1898. Most of the population lived from livestock and agriculture, with viticulture, for which 1/4 of all cultivation areas were used, held a special position. In addition to various types of grain, various types of fruit were also grown. The hunt for deer, roe deer, hares, pheasants and partridges in the municipality was also profitable. In addition to the usual small businesses, there was also a mill and a brick factory in Poppitz.

Registries have been kept since 1691. All birth, marriage and death registers up to 1949 are in the Brno State Archives. Land registers have been kept since 1853.

One of the successor states of Austria-Hungary after the First World War , 1914–1918, was Czechoslovakia , which claimed the German-speaking areas of Bohemia , Moravia and Austrian-Silesia that were considered German Austria from the end of 1918 . The Treaty of St. Germain awarded these disputed territories to Czechoslovakia against the will of the German population there. Poppitz, whose inhabitants were 99.5% German Moravians in 1910, also fell to the new state. Measures followed, such as the land reform and the language regulation, which resulted in an increase in the influx of people of Czech nationality due to settlers and newly filled civil servants. Electrification of the place is carried out in 1927. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Poppitz became part of the German Reichsgau Niederdonau on October 1, 1938 .

On April 14, 1945, the site was occupied by Soviet soldiers, causing serious riots against the civilian population and civilian deaths as a result. After the end of the Second World War (May 8, 1945), which claimed 74 victims, the community came back to Czechoslovakia. After the withdrawal of the Red Army, Czech "property managers" occupied the houses of the German residents, and later also legionaries from Bessarabia. There was abuse and one woman died. When attempting a post-war order, the victorious powers of the Second World War did not take a concrete position on August 2, 1945 in the Potsdam Protocol , Article XIII, on the ongoing “wild” expulsions of the German population. However, they explicitly called for an "orderly and humane transfer" of the "German population segments" that "remained in Czechoslovakia". With the exception of 28 local residents, all German South Moravians were "officially" forcibly evacuated between April and September 1946 . Due to the Beneš Decree 108, the entire property of the German residents as well as the public and church German property was confiscated and placed under state administration. There was no compensation for the confiscated assets.

In accordance with the original transfer goals of the Potsdam Declaration, the Red Army demanded the deportation of all Sudeten Germans from Austria to West Germany. Of the displaced persons, 104 Poppitzer were able to stay in Austria, the remaining 1200 people were transferred to Germany. Two people each emigrated to the USA and Australia.

Coat of arms and seal

The town's seal has changed over the centuries. The original seal showed a plow, which was replaced by a winemaker's knife (1750) and later by a lion with a grape (19th century).

Population development

census	Houses	Total population	Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year			German	Czechs	other
1793	180	924
1836	192	1,252
1869	259	1,361
1880	260	1,421	1,411	10	0
1890	274	1,478	1,476	1	1
1900	286	1,359	1,356	2	1
1910	289	1,366	1,363	2	1
1921	292	1,369	1,302	32	35
1930	316	1,376	1,266	78	32
1939		1,223
Source: 1793, 1836, 1850 from: Frodl, Blaschka: South Moravia from A – Z. 2006
Other: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv.9. 1984

Personalities

• Gregor Lambek (born September 27, 1712 in Poppitz; † January 27, 1781 in Klosterbruck), abbot of the Premonstratensian monastery in Bruck

Attractions

• Church of St. Andreas (1696), copper tower (1863),
• Rosalienkapelle (1717)
• Lady Chapel (1815)
• Wayside shrine (16th century)
• Statue of St. Florian (2nd half of the 17th century)
• Trinity statue (1867)
• Town hall (1794, new building 1906)
• War memorial (1933)

Say from the place

There were a multitude of myths among German local residents:

• The treasure keeper

swell

• Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. , Poppitz: p. 31; C. Maurer Verlag, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0
• Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. , Poppitz, p. 189f, Josef Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X
• Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 212, 406, 407, 409, 424, 573 (Poppitz).
• Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The district of Nikolsburg from A to Z , Poppitz, p. 172f, South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2006

literature

• Johann Loserth : The Communism of the Moravian Anabaptists in the 16th and 17th centuries: Contributions to their history, teaching and constitution. Carl Gerold's son, 1894
• Matthias Krebs: Home South Moravia - Sonnenland on the Thaya. 1955 ISBN 3-927498-11-4
• Franz Josef Schwoy : Topography of the Markgrafthum Moravia. 1793, Poppitz page 305
• Georg Dehio , Karl Ginhart : Handbook of German art monuments in the Ostmark, 1941, Anton Schroll & Co, Poppitz page 378
• Gustav Gregor: History of the Poppitz community. 1959
• Ilse Tielsch -Felzmann: South Moravian Legends . 1969, Munich, Heimatwerk publishing house
• Wenzel Max: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia , 1984, Geislingen / Steige
• Gerhard Haas: From the history of the village of Poppitz. 1981
• Gerhard Haas: Special dialect words from the colloquial language of the village Poppitz and Auspitz. 1982
• Luise Haas, Gerhard Haas: Village history of Poppitz.
• Felix Ermacora : The Sudeten German Questions. Legal opinion. Langen Müller Verlag, 1992. ISBN 3-7844-2412-0
• Peter Glotz : The displacement , Ullstein, Hamburg 2003, ISBN 3-550-07574-X

Web links

Commons : Popice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Poppitz in "Old Postcard Motifs from the South Moravian Communities"
• Cultural database of displaced persons

supporting documents

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/584819/Popice
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 9
4. ↑ Hans Zuckriegl: Dictionary of the South Moravian dialects . Their use in speech, song and writing. 25,000 dialect words, 620 pages self-published. 1999.
5. ↑ Bernd Längin: Die Hutterer , 1986, p. 237.
6. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved March 13, 2011.
7. ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989 , Amalthea Verlag, Vienna, Munich, 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X
8. ^ Wolfgang Brügel: Czechs and Germans 1918 - 1938 , Munich 1967
9. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume III. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 .
10. ^ Charles L. Mee : The Potsdam Conference 1945. The division of the booty . Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich 1979. ISBN 3-453-48060-0 .
11. ↑ Milan Churaň: Potsdam and Czechoslovakia. 2007, ISBN 978-3-9810491-7-6 .
12. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 605 (evictions from the Znojmo district).
13. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46 , diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
14. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 212 f . (Poppitz).
15. ↑ Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities, 1992, Poppitz p. 184
16. ↑ Oberleitner / Matzura: Südmährische Sagen, 1921, p. 122.