Berlin Potsdamer Platz train station
| Berlin Potsdamer Platz | |
|---|---|
 South entrance to the S and regional train station
|
|
| Data | |
| Operating point type |
Stop (long-distance train ) Train station (S-Bahn) |
| Design | Through station , tunnel station |
| Platform tracks | 4 (long-distance train) 4 (S-Bahn) 2 (subway) |
| abbreviation | BPOF (long-distance train) BPOP (S-Bahn) |
| IBNR | 8011118 (long-distance train) 8089032 (S-Bahn) |
| Price range | 2 |
| opening | April 15, 1939 (S-Bahn) May 28, 2006 (long-distance railway) |
| Profile on Bahnhof.de | Berlin_Potsdamer_Platz |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Berlin |
| Place / district |
Berlin-Mitte , Berlin-Tiergarten |
| country | Berlin |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 30 '34 " N , 13 ° 22' 33" E |
| Railway lines | |
|
|
| Railway stations in Berlin | |
The Potsdamer Platz is an underground station at the Potsdamer Platz in the center of Berlin . It consists of a regional and an S-Bahn part. The regional train station (from an operational point of view only one stopping point ) is located in the tunnel of the north-south long-distance railway that opened in 2006 and provides the connection to Berlin Central Station . It is part of the mushroom concept for Berlin's rail transport. Next to it is the S-Bahn station, which went into operation in 1939 as part of the north-south tunnel .
To the south of today's Potsdamer Platz station was the Potsdamer (long-distance) station with its two side stations, which was closed before the end of the war in 1945 . To the east of the S-Bahn station is the Potsdamer Platz underground station. Another underground station for a planned new line was prepared during the construction of the regional train station.
Predecessor: Potsdamer Bahnhof
Long-distance train station
Before the division of Berlin , the above-ground Potsdamer Bahnhof was located at Potsdamer Platz , a terminus from which trains on the so-called " Stammbahn ", the oldest Prussian railway line, left the city in the direction of Potsdam and Magdeburg and on to West Germany . The station opened as the first station in Berlin in 1838 directly in front of the Potsdamer Tor of the Berlin customs wall . It was built on the so-called "Big Bale", which was previously acquired by the Rixdorfer and Berliner Brethren .
The first Potsdam train station existed until 1869. A new system was designed by Julius Ludwig Quassowski (1824–1909), had five platforms and four tracks as well as a 173 meter long and 36 meter wide hall. Kaiser Wilhelm I inaugurated the new building , which was built for 3.34 million marks , on August 30, 1872. The central projection of the station was structured in the style of Florentine palaces by round arches. By 1890, over three million passengers frequented the station. Therefore, it was necessary to build new head stations for suburban traffic, which were opened in 1891.
Until the 1930s, the Potsdamer Bahnhof consisted of three sub-stations for passenger traffic:
- On the west side the double-track Wannsee station for the route of the same name,
- in the middle of the four-track long-distance station for trains in the direction of Potsdam , Brandenburg and Magdeburg (partly further in the Harz or in the direction of Hanover - Ruhr area / Kreiensen - Kassel - Frankfurt am Main ),
- on the east side the four-track ring and suburban station for the suburban lines to Lichterfelde Ost and Zossen as well as for the Südring trains over the Südringpitzkehre to the Ringbahn. The Südringpitzkehre was not rebuilt after bomb damage in 1944, since then the S-Bahn trains have operated as full ring trains (1944–1961 and since 2006).
In the 1920s and 1930s Potsdamer Platz was one of the busiest squares in Europe. Numerous hotels, restaurants and especially the Haus Vaterland shaped the reputation of this area as an entertainment district. In addition, many offices and banks as well as government institutions (including the old and the new Reich Chancellery ) were in the immediate vicinity.
After considerable destruction in the Second World War , the Reichsbahn ceased operations in 1945 before the end of the war. On September 27, 1945, the Reichsbahn finally decided to shut down the Potsdam long-distance train station. Due to the flooding of the north-south S-Bahn tunnel (see history of the Berlin subway ) in the last days of the war, however, it was necessary to turn the S-Bahn trains of the Wannseebahn again in the above-ground Potsdam Ringbahnhof by 1946.
The remnants of the train station and the apron of the Potsdam train station belonged to the Mitte district and thus to East Berlin , but lay as a narrow strip of territory that reached as far as the Landwehr Canal, sandwiched between the West Berlin districts of Kreuzberg and Tiergarten . During an exchange of territory with the German Democratic Republic in 1972, the no man's land was ceded to West Berlin. The location of the track field between Potsdamer Platz and Landwehrkanal largely corresponds to today's Tilla-Durieux-Park and the residential buildings adjoining it to the east up to Köthener Straße .
Potsdam freight yard
The Potsdam freight yard was located south of the Landwehr Canal, bordered to the west by Dennewitzstrasse and Flottwellstrasse, to the south by Yorckstrasse and to the east by the Gleisdreieck and the Anhalter Güterbahnhof . Among other things, the Bw Berlin Pog depot was located there , which also provided the locomotives for passenger traffic, and installation groups for long-distance, suburban and circular railroad trains.
In connection with the construction of the new city quarter at Potsdamer Platz and the Tiergarten tunnel , a large construction logistics center was set up here, which moved the excavated soil and the required building materials between construction site trucks and freight wagons. For this purpose, the Wannseebahn freight track was made available for a limited period. The aim was to avoid truck trips to these large construction sites on the inner-city streets. For this purpose, a separate bridge was built over the Landwehr Canal for the construction site trucks.
From 1995 to 2006, the southern ramp and the tunnel entrance to the north-south long-distance railway tunnel were built on the site of the former freight station, which guides long-distance rail traffic in four tubes in north-south direction through the central area to the new main station.
Since 26 August 2006, the site of the Potsdamer and Anhalter freight station in the 26 was hectares of parkland Park at Gleisdreieck redesigned. The first part of the park opened on September 2, 2011. The second - western - part followed on May 31, 2013.
Wannsee station
To the west of the long-distance train station was the Potsdamer Wannseebahnhof for suburban traffic on the Wannseebahn . After the north-south S-Bahn tunnel went into operation , the Wannsee station served to expand the capacity of the Potsdam long-distance train station. Fern- and Wannseebahnhof were closed in 1944.
Ring and suburban train station
On the eastern side of the long-distance train station was the Potsdam ring and suburban train station. This was used by the trains of the Ringbahn and the trains of the suburban line of the Anhalter and Dresdener Bahn to Lichterfelde Ost and Zossen . A single platform with two blunt-ended tracks was available for the ring trains, as was the suburban line, which was operated electrically from 1903 to Lichterfelde Ost. With the opening of the southern section of the north-south tunnel on November 6, 1939, the S-Bahn trains to the Anhalter Bahn operated from the new underground station at Potsdamer Platz.
Until 1944, the trains arriving from the Südring still ended at the Ringbahnhof. They had to " turn their heads " there and drove back towards the Südring. An Allied air raid on November 24, 1943 destroyed large parts of the area around Potsdamer Platz. Since mid-1944, the Ringbahn trains no longer run to the Potsdamer Bahnhof, but run as full ring trains. After the north-south S-Bahn tunnel under the Landwehr Canal was blown up in the last days of the war and large parts of the subway network were flooded (see also: History of the Berlin subway ), the Ringbahnhof was again opened for S -Bahn trains of the Wannseebahn used.
The Berlin Potsdamer Ring- und Vorortbahnhof was listed as a Por in the operating point directory.
Potsdamer Platz S-Bahn station
The tunnel of the north-south S-Bahn was built as a connection between the once important long-distance train stations Stettiner Bahnhof (today Nordbahnhof), Potsdamer Bahnhof and Anhalter Bahnhof (all terminus stations) as well as Bahnhof Friedrichstraße (through station). The southern section with the Potsdamer Platz tunnel station built according to plans by Richard Brademann was opened on April 15, 1939. From the beginning, this had four tracks on two middle platforms , of which the two middle tracks were reserved for the integration of extension lines.
The station was designed as a central junction between two southern and two northern branches of the north-south S-Bahn. At that time, the plan was to take the ring railway trains to the underground station Potsdamer Platz instead of the above-ground suburban station and further north via Lehrter station to the north ring. To this end, a tunnel stump was built to the north as far as Behrenstrasse, which is used as a parking facility and is known as the “hayloft” in Berlin's railroad jargon . In the south, too, the possibility of continuing the route was retained over the decades, despite the massive urban development interventions caused by history. When the Park Kolonnaden buildings were erected in the late 1990s, appropriate preliminary construction work and space clearance up to the level of the Mendelssohn-Bartholdy-Park station on the parallel underground line were taken into account. As part of the S21 S-Bahn project , the original plans are now being resumed in a similar manner, although these have already been specifically formulated for the northern part, past today's main train station .
During the division of Berlin from 1961 to 1989, the train station was located directly under the Berlin Wall . It was closed as a station and the trains ran through it as a ghost station without stopping. The S-Bahn station is a listed building .
In the 1990s, in the course of the new development on Potsdamer and Leipziger Platz, small structures were planned above the eastern entrances to the S-Bahn station. Designed by Oswald Mathias Ungers and based on the cubatures of the earlier Potsdamer Tor , they were never implemented.
As one of 20 so-called main stations of the Berlin S-Bahn, the station is manned by local supervision.
Since mid-2016, train handling on the S-Bahn platforms has been carried out by the driver using a driver's cab monitor (ZAT-FM).
Regional train station Potsdamer Platz
Right next to the S-Bahn station, the station called Potsdamer Platz Station , which can also be read above the access structures, was opened in 2006 . From a rail operations perspective, this station is a stop on the four-track north-south connection for long-distance and regional traffic between the Hauptbahnhof and Südkreuz stations .
The structure, which is 260 meters long, 50 meters wide and (at track level) 20 meters below street level, has two central platforms on the four tracks. Regional Express trains on the RE 3, RE 4 and RE 5 lines currently stop at the Potsdamer Platz regional station. There are transfer options to the S-Bahn and the U-Bahn, as well as to numerous bus lines at Potsdamer Platz.
The station was built according to the plans of the architects' association Bahnhof Potsdamer Platz Architekten (BPA), which consisted of the offices of Hilmer & Sattler and Albrecht , Hermann + Öttl and Modersohn Freiesleben .
Traffic forecasts before the opening were based on 80,000 passengers per day, including 50,000 in the area of the regional train station and around 30,000 people changing to the underground and S-Bahn.
Construction work should start in 1995. The completion of the shell was planned for the spring of 1997, the interior work should follow in the years 1997 to 1999. The station was not scheduled to go into operation until 2002. In mid-2002, the plan was to put the station into operation at the end of 2005, six months before the planned start of operation of the main station. The station was finally opened when the timetable changed at the end of May 2006.
At the opening on May 28, 2006, 116 regional train stops were offered per day.
Subway stations
.jpg)
Although three underground stations have been built at Potsdamer Platz , only one of them is in operation. The first closed again after just five years, the second has been in operation for over a hundred years (albeit with a 31-year hiatus), and the third may not be operational.
Old underground station Potsdamer Platz
The first line of the Berlin U-Bahn , opened on February 18, 1902, already had an underground train station at Potsdamer Platz. Like all underground stations on the so-called "trunk line", it had side platforms. It was initially the terminus of the line branch from the Gleisdreieck towards the city center . In preparation for the further construction of the inner-city route to Spittelmarkt , a Leipziger Platz train station was built under the same, which adjoins Potsdamer Platz to the east, and put into operation in 1907. The first underground station Potsdamer Platz - not very old at the time - was closed and a turning system was installed in its place .
Potsdamer Platz underground station (U2)
.jpg)
The Leipziger Platz underground station, equipped with a central platform, had a pedestrian tunnel under the square to the Wertheim department store . The station was renamed Potsdamer Platz in 1923 and has kept this name to this day.
During the division of Berlin, the inner-city route leading to Pankow ( Vinetastraße ) since 1930 was interrupted. Since Potsdamer Platz was directly below the border installations, the subway station could not be used by either the western or the eastern sub-network. In 1961 the Senate refused to use it for the western network. Instead, it served as a parking facility for East Berlin Line A, which ended one station further ( Thälmannplatz , later: Otto-Grotewohl-Straße , today again - as it did until 1950 - Mohrenstraße ). It was not until 1993 that the two halves of the line, called the U2 , were reunited and the underground station at Potsdamer Platz was put back into operation. It is the oldest underground underground station in Berlin, largely preserved in its original form. The underground station is a listed building.
There is no underground connection from the underground station to the S and regional train station. In 2009 an elevator was put into operation. Since then, the station has been barrier-free .
Potsdamer Platz underground station (U3)
For a long-term planned new underground line U3 , an underground station has already been built in the course of the construction work for the regional train station described above and put into operation in 2006. In the long term, this line is to run from Weißensee via Alexanderplatz and Potsdamer Platz to Kurfürstendamm . Before that, the U10 from Weißensee via Alexanderplatz and Potsdamer Platz was planned with a similar route, but then further in the direction of Steglitz.
The preliminary construction work for the underground station of the planned U3 line was built in an east-west direction in a transverse position above the stations of the regional train and the S-Bahn. The station has two side platforms and is at the same height as the distribution levels of the S-Bahn station. Two eastern exits have been prepared at Leipziger Platz. Ribbons of windows on the side walls of the platforms allow a view of the platforms of the regional train station.
For temporary use , this station and parts of the tunnel shell are offered in a size of 6500 m² under the name U3 station for rent for events.
The first concrete construction plans for a tunnel station in this location date back to the second half of the 1930s and influenced the design and the altitude of the tunnel station of the north-south S-Bahn, which opened in 1939. At that time, a four-track station structure for the subway was even planned between the central and southern traffic hall of the S-Bahn station. The north branch of line A, today line U2 , should no longer continue from Leipziger Platz in the direction of Gleisdreieck , but rather be swiveled into Potsdamer Straße. Above the Potsdamer Platz S-Bahn station, each of the tracks on line A would have had an outside platform. In addition, a subway line from Leipziger Strasse should be run between the tracks of line A without crossing. There was no platform above the S-Bahn station for this line.
Connection
The station is served by several lines of regional traffic, the S-Bahn and the U2 and offers transfer options to the bus lines M41, M48, M85 and 200 of the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe.
Regional traffic
| line | Line course | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| RE 3 | Lutherstadt Wittenberg - | Jüterbog - Berlin Potsdamer Platz - Eberswalde - Angermünde - | Schwedt |
| Falkenberg - | Prenzlau - Greifswald - Stralsund | ||
| RE 4 | Jüterbog - Ludwigsfelde - Berlin Potsdamer Platz - Berlin-Spandau - Dallgow-Döberitz - Wustermark - Rathenow | ||
| RE 5 | Elsterwerda - Wünsdorf-Waldstadt - Berlin Potsdamer Platz - Oranienburg - Neustrelitz - | Guestrow - Rostock | |
| Neubrandenburg - Stralsund | |||
| RB 10 | Berlin Südkreuz - Berlin Potsdamer Platz - Berlin Jungfernheide - Berlin-Spandau - Falkensee - Nauen | ||
S-Bahn and U-Bahn
See also
- Special trains to death - exhibition at Potsdamer Platz station
literature
- Ludwig Julius Quassowski: The passenger station of the Berlin-Potsdam-Magdeburg Railway Company in Berlin . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , Volume 27 (1877), Col. 17–30, Plate 9–15, Sheet 8. Digitized
Web links
- BVG map of the train station on www.bvg.de (PDF; 132 kB)
- The old Potsdamer Bahnhof on www.potsdamer-platz.org
- Potsdamer Platz station at www.stadtschnellbahn-berlin.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Station price list 2020. In: Deutsche Bahn. Deutsche Bahn, January 1, 2020, accessed on July 11, 2020 .
- ^ Chronicle of Berlin on December 30th. Luisenstadt educational association
- ^ Berlin calendar: September 27, 1945 . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 9, 1998, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 126 ( luise-berlin.de ).
- ↑ Area exchange on berlin.de, accessed on July 2, 2019
- ↑ The first tree . In: Berliner Zeitung , April 23, 2009
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for the S-Bahn station with further information
- ↑ Printed matter 17/15669. (PDF) Berlin House of Representatives, March 19, 2015, accessed on July 11, 2015 .
- ↑ News in brief - S-Bahn . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . No. 8 , 2016, p. 160 .
- ^ A b Hany Azer : The construction of the north-south tunnel of the long-distance railway in Berlin . In: Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau , issue 6/2002, pp. 326–333.
- ^ Berlin-Potsdamer Platz train station . In: Renaissance of the railway stations. The city in the 21st century . Vieweg Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-528-08139-2 , p. 92 f.
- ↑ Christian Tietze: “Shrinking Concept” for the Berliner Fernbahnkreuz? In: Eisenbahn-Revue International , issue 11/2000, pp. 524–527.
- ↑ a b Bahnstadt Berlin: Expansion of the infrastructure from 1990 to 2015 . Deutsche Bahn, Berlin 2006, pp. 72, 83.
- ↑ a b c Train by train to the Bahnstadt Berlin . Deutsche Bahn AG, corporate communications department; Status: September 1995, 16-page brochure; P. 12 f.
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list for the subway station with further information
- ↑ Event location U3 station . thetunnel.de - commercial website; Description with pictures and map; accessed on July 2, 2019.
- ^ Michael Braun: North-South S-Bahn Berlin . GVE, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89218-112-5 , pp. 127 .