Association of Zoos and Aquariums: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox organization |
{{Infobox organization |
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| alt = Logo of Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums |
| alt = Logo of Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums |
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| logo = |
| logo = Association of Zoos and Aquariums logo.png |
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| type = |
| type = [[Nonprofit organization|Not-for-profit organization]] |
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| status = [[501(c)(3) |
| status = [[501(c)(3)]] |
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| purpose = The advancement of zoological parks and aquariums in the areas of conservation, animal welfare, and conservation education. |
| purpose = The advancement of zoological parks and aquariums in the areas of conservation, animal welfare, and conservation education. |
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| headquarters = [[Silver Spring, Maryland |
| headquarters = [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], U.S. |
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| leader_title = [[Chairman|Chair]] |
| leader_title = [[Chairman|Chair]] |
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| leader_name = Berto Castro |
| leader_name = Berto Castro |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Association of Zoos and Aquariums''' ('''AZA'''), originally the '''American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums''', is an American [[501(c)(3)]] [[nonprofit organization]] founded in 1924 and dedicated to the advancement of [[zoo]]s and [[public aquarium]]s in the areas of [[Conservation movement|conservation]], education, science, and recreation. AZA is headquartered in [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], |
The '''Association of Zoos and Aquariums''' ('''AZA'''), originally the '''American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums''', is an American [[501(c)(3)]] |
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[[nonprofit organization]] founded in 1924 and dedicated to the advancement of [[zoo]]s and [[public aquarium]]s in the areas of [[Conservation movement|conservation]], education, science, and recreation. AZA is headquartered in [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], and accredits zoos. There were 238 accredited facilities as of 2019, primarily in the US, and also a handful in eleven other countries. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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In October 1924 the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums was formed as an affiliate of the American Institute of Park Executives. In 1966, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums became a professional branch affiliate of the newly formed [[National Recreation and Park Association]], which absorbed the American Institute of Park Executives. |
In October 1924 the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums was formed as an affiliate of the American Institute of Park Executives. In 1966, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums became a professional branch affiliate of the newly formed [[National Recreation and Park Association]], which absorbed the American Institute of Park Executives. |
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In the fall of 1971, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums membership voted to become an independent association |
In the fall of 1971, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums membership voted to become an independent association. On January 19, 1972, it was chartered as the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums with its executive office located in [[Wheeling, West Virginia]], within the [[Oglebay Park#Good Zoo|Oglebay Park Good Zoo]].<ref>"[https://apps.wv.gov/SOS/BusinessEntitySearch/Details.aspx?Id=6EfREWoMdTjzZWdc4v1WcA==&Search=0GGXva7iDKJVlV8lFxKKWzJgup%20BaR39Nu0axVIkqtyp1HTLKkDfdHLgLXf2STwrpjqUj7OQAVYYT0ZNGelIAA==&Page=0 American Association of Zoological Parks and Acquariums] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126140110/https://apps.wv.gov/SOS/BusinessEntitySearch/Details.aspx?Id=6EfREWoMdTjzZWdc4v1WcA==&Search=0GGXva7iDKJVlV8lFxKKWzJgup%20BaR39Nu0axVIkqtyp1HTLKkDfdHLgLXf2STwrpjqUj7OQAVYYT0ZNGelIAA==&Page=0 |date=2021-01-26 }}". ''Business Entity Details''. West Virginia Secretary of State. Retrieved September 20, 2018.</ref> In 1994, the shorter name American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) was adopted.<ref>Wagner, Robert O., "The independence of AAZPA", in ''Regional Conference Proceedings 1996'', American Zoo and Aquarium Association, Wheeling, West Virginia, 1996.</ref> |
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In early 2018 AZA acquired the Wildlife Trafficking Alliance to help grow public awareness about the purchase and sale of illegal wildlife products in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bratcher|first1=Emily|title=Zoos and Aquariums Group Acquires U.S. Wildlife Trafficking Alliance|website= |
In early 2018, AZA acquired the Wildlife Trafficking Alliance to help grow public awareness about the purchase and sale of illegal wildlife products in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bratcher|first1=Emily|title=Zoos and Aquariums Group Acquires U.S. Wildlife Trafficking Alliance|website=Associations Now|url=https://associationsnow.com/2018/02/zoos-aquariums-group-acquires-u-s-wildlife-trafficking-alliance/|date=2018-02-15|access-date=2018-04-04|archive-date=2021-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218004628/https://associationsnow.com/2018/02/zoos-aquariums-group-acquires-u-s-wildlife-trafficking-alliance/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wildlifetraffickingalliance.org/ |title=Wildlife Trafficking Alliance |access-date=2019-11-13 |archive-date=2022-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628153512/https://wildlifetraffickingalliance.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The Association of Zoos and Aquariums reported 195 million visitors to its 236 accredited member facilities in 2017.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.aza.org/about-aza/|title=About AZA|work=Association of Zoos and Aquariums}}</ref> |
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums reported 195 million visitors to its 236 accredited member facilities in 2017.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.aza.org/about-aza/|title=About AZA|work=Association of Zoos and Aquariums|access-date=2010-08-20|archive-date=2010-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825015644/http://www.aza.org/about-aza/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==Activities== |
==Activities== |
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The organization is active in institution [[accreditation]], animal care initiatives, education and conservation programs, collaborative research and advocacy. |
The organization is active in institution [[accreditation]], animal care initiatives, education and conservation programs, collaborative research and advocacy. |
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AZA serves as an accrediting body for zoos and aquariums and ensures accredited facilities meet higher standards of animal care than required by law. Institutions are evaluated every five years in order to ensure standards are met and to maintain accreditation. As of 2019 AZA had 238 accredited facilities in the US and eleven other countries: [[Canada]], [[Mexico]], [[Bermuda]], [[The Bahamas]], the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Colombia]], [[Argentina]], [[Spain]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Singapore]], and [[South Korea]].<ref name = zoostatistics>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/zoo-and-aquarium-statistics|title=Zoo and Aquarium Statistics |
AZA serves as an accrediting body for zoos and aquariums and ensures accredited facilities meet higher standards of animal care than required by law. Institutions are evaluated every five years in order to ensure standards are met and to maintain accreditation. As of 2019 AZA had 238 accredited facilities in the US and eleven other countries: [[Canada]], [[Mexico]], [[Bermuda]], [[The Bahamas]], the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Colombia]], [[Argentina]], [[Spain]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Singapore]], and [[South Korea]].<ref name = zoostatistics>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/zoo-and-aquarium-statistics|title=Zoo and Aquarium Statistics|website=Association of Zoos & Aquariums|date=8 January 2020|access-date=17 January 2019|archive-date=17 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117181150/https://www.aza.org/zoo-and-aquarium-statistics|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Approximately 800,000 animals representing 6,000 species are in the care of AZA-accredited facilities, including 1,000 threatened or endangered species.<ref name = zoostatistics/> The association also facilitates both [[Species Survival Plan|species survival plan]]s and population management plans, which serve to sustainably manage genetically diverse captive populations of various animal species.<ref name = zoostatistics/> |
Approximately 800,000 animals representing 6,000 species are in the care of AZA-accredited facilities, including 1,000 threatened or endangered species.<ref name = zoostatistics/> The association also facilitates both [[Species Survival Plan|species survival plan]]s and population management plans, which serve to sustainably manage genetically diverse captive populations of various animal species.<ref name = zoostatistics/> |
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AZA holds a conference in September, one of the largest zoo and aquarium professionals' events in the |
AZA holds a conference in September, one of the largest zoo and aquarium professionals' events in the US. |
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AZA also manages the citizen science program FrogWatch USA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/frogwatch|title=FrogWatch USA|website= |
AZA also manages the citizen science program [[FrogWatch USA]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/frogwatch|title=FrogWatch USA|website=aza.org|access-date=2019-01-17|archive-date=2019-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224060937/https://www.aza.org/frogwatch|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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== Accreditation == |
== Accreditation == |
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In the United States, any public animal exhibit must be licensed and inspected by the [[United States Department of Agriculture]], [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]], [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]], and others. Depending on the animals they exhibit, the activities of zoos are regulated by laws including the [[Endangered Species Act]], the [[Animal Welfare Act of 1966|Animal Welfare Act]], the [[Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918]] and others.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.animallaw.info/articles/ovuszoos.htm|publisher = Michigan State University College of Law|website= Animal Legal & Historical Center|date = 2004|title = Overview of the Laws Affecting Zoos|first = Kali S. |
In the United States, any public animal exhibit must be licensed and inspected by the [[United States Department of Agriculture]], [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]], [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]], and others. Depending on the animals they exhibit, the activities of zoos are regulated by laws including the [[Endangered Species Act]], the [[Animal Welfare Act of 1966|Animal Welfare Act]], the [[Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918]] and others.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.animallaw.info/articles/ovuszoos.htm|publisher = Michigan State University College of Law|website = Animal Legal & Historical Center|date = 2004|title = Overview of the Laws Affecting Zoos|first = Kali S.|last = Grech|access-date = 2010-08-11|archive-date = 2012-06-24|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120624212519/http://animallaw.info/articles/ovuszoos.htm|url-status = live}}</ref> Additionally, zoos in North America may choose to pursue accreditation by AZA. |
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The American association has developed a definition for zoological gardens and aquariums as part of its accreditation standards: "A permanent cultural institution which owns and maintains captive wild animals that represent more than a token collection and, under the direction of a professional staff, provides its collection with appropriate care and exhibits them in an aesthetic manner to the public on a regularly scheduled basis. They shall further be defined as having as their primary business the exhibition, conservation and preservation of the earth's fauna in an educational and scientific manner." |
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To achieve accreditation, a zoo must pass an application and inspection process and meet or exceed AZA's standards for animal health and welfare, fundraising, zoo staffing, and involvement in global conservation efforts. Inspection is performed by three experts (typically one veterinarian, one expert in animal care, and one expert in zoo management and operations) and then reviewed by a panel of twelve experts before accreditation is awarded. This accreditation process is repeated once every five years. |
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AZA estimates that there are approximately 2,800 animal exhibits operating under USDA license as of 2019; fewer than 10% are accredited.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aza.org/what-is-accreditation/ |title=What is Accreditation? |publisher= Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) |access-date= August 9, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100726112142/http://www.aza.org/what-is-accreditation/| archive-date= 26 July 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> Certification is possible for facilities that hold animals, but are not regularly open to the public. |
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== Saving Animals From Extinction == |
== Saving Animals From Extinction == |
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AZA's Saving Animals From Extinction (SAFE) program prioritizes collaboration between zoos and aquariums to support highly vulnerable species.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.aza.org/aza-safe |
AZA's Saving Animals From Extinction (SAFE) program prioritizes collaboration between zoos and aquariums to support highly vulnerable species.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.aza.org/aza-safe|title = Saving Animals From Extinction (SAFE)|website = Association of Zoos and Aquariums|access-date = 2019-01-17|archive-date = 2019-01-17|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190117174219/https://www.aza.org/aza-safe|url-status = live}}</ref> SAFE builds on existing recovery plans to implement strategic conservation and public engagement activities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/meet-the-safe-species|title=Meet the SAFE Species|publisher=www.aza.org|language=en-us|access-date=2018-08-24|archive-date=2018-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824205546/https://www.aza.org/meet-the-safe-species|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, AZA member zoos and aquariums invested $15.6 million towards SAFE program species.<ref name = speakcdn>{{Cite web |url=https://www.speakcdn.com/assets/2332/aza_arcshighlights_2017_final_web.pdf |website=www.speakcdn.com |title=2017 Annual Report on Conservation and Science: Highlights |access-date=2019-01-17 |archive-date=2019-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117122416/https://www.speakcdn.com/assets/2332/aza_arcshighlights_2017_final_web.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The SAFE program signature species include [[African lion]], African |
The SAFE program signature species include the [[African lion]], African species of [[vulture]]s, [[Asian elephant]], Atlantic ''[[Acropora]]'' coral, [[black-footed ferret]], [[black rhinoceros]], [[cheetah]], [[eastern indigo snake]], [[giraffe]], [[gorilla]], [[sea turtle]]s, [[orangutan]], [[radiated tortoise]], [[red wolf]], [[shark]]s, and [[sting ray]]s, [[vaquita]], [[western pond turtle]] and [[whooping crane]]. There were more than 20 species or taxonomic groups included in the program as of 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aza.org/safe-species|title=SAFE Species|publisher=www.aza.org|access-date=2019-01-17|archive-date=2019-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117185709/https://www.aza.org/safe-species|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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== Annual Report on Conservation and Science == |
== Annual Report on Conservation and Science == |
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The association has a computerized database called the ''Annual Report on Conservation and Science''. |
The association has a computerized database called the ''Annual Report on Conservation and Science''. This helps track AZA research projects worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.aza.org/annual-report-on-conservation-and-science/ |title=Annual Report on Conservation and Science |access-date=2019-01-17 |archive-date=2018-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214115043/https://www.aza.org/annual-report-on-conservation-and-science/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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AZA member zoos and aquariums contribute $220 million to conservation projects each year.<ref name = speakcdn/> They participate in 115 reintroduction programs, including more than 40 programs for species listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act.<ref name = zoostatistics/> |
AZA member zoos and aquariums contribute $220 million to conservation projects each year.<ref name = speakcdn/> They participate in 115 reintroduction programs, including more than 40 programs for species listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act.<ref name = zoostatistics/> |
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In 2017, member institutions reported participating in field conservation projects benefiting over 860 species in 128 countries. AZA zoos and aquariums spent $25 million on research and published 170 books, book chapters, journal articles, conference proceeding papers, posters and theses or dissertations. Animal care, health and welfare, followed by species and habitat conservation, describe 68% of the AZA community's research.<ref name = speakcdn/> |
In 2017, member institutions reported participating in field conservation projects benefiting over 860 species in 128 countries. AZA zoos and aquariums spent $25 million on research and published 170 books, book chapters, journal articles, conference proceeding papers, posters and theses or dissertations. Animal care, health and welfare, followed by species and habitat conservation, describe 68% of the AZA community's research.<ref name = speakcdn/> |
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== List of |
== List of member zoos and aquariums == |
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To be a member, a facility must either be accredited or certified. |
To be a member, a facility must either be accredited or certified. |
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|[http://www.abilenezoo.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.abilenezoo.org/ Website] |
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|Acuario de Veracruz |
|[[Acuario de Veracruz]] |
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|Blvd. Manuel Ávila Camacho S/N, Ricardo Flores Magón |
|Blvd. Manuel Ávila Camacho S/N, Ricardo Flores Magón |
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|[[Veracruz (city)|Veracruz]] |
|[[Veracruz (city)|Veracruz]] |
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|[http://www.adventureaquarium.com/ Website] |
|[http://www.adventureaquarium.com/ Website] |
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|[[Africam Safari |
|[[Africam Safari]] |
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|11 Oriente #2407 |
|11 Oriente #2407 |
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|[[Puebla (city)|Puebla]] |
|[[Puebla (city)|Puebla]] |
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|[[Puebla]], [[Mexico]] |
|[[Puebla]], [[Mexico]] |
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|[http://www.africamsafari.com.mx/ Website] |
|[http://www.africamsafari.com.mx/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[African Safari Wildlife Park]] |
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|267 S Lightner Road |
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|[[Port Clinton, Ohio|Port Clinton]] |
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|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.africansafariwildlifepark.com/ Website] |
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|[[Akron Zoo|Akron Zoological Park]] |
|[[Akron Zoo|Akron Zoological Park]] |
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|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.thealexandriazoo.com/ Website] |
|[http://www.thealexandriazoo.com/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Aquarium of Niagara]] |
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|701 Whirlpool Street |
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|[[Niagara Falls|New York]] |
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|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
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|[https://www.aquariumofniagara.org/ Website] |
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|[[Aquarium of the Bay]] |
|[[Aquarium of the Bay]] |
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|[[California]], [[United States]] |
|[[California]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.aquariumofthebay.com Website] |
|[http://www.aquariumofthebay.com Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Aquarium of Niagara]] |
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|701 Whirlpool Street |
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|[[Niagara Falls, New York|Niagara Falls]] |
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|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
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|[https://www.aquariumofniagara.org/ Website] |
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|[[Aquarium of the Pacific]] |
|[[Aquarium of the Pacific]] |
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|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.auduboninstitute.org/visit/zoo Website] |
|[http://www.auduboninstitute.org/visit/zoo Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum]] |
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|3075 Sanibel-Captiva Road |
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|[[Sanibel, Florida|Sanibel]] |
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|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
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|[https://www.shellmuseum.org/ Website] |
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|[[Baylor University]] Bear Habitat |
|[[Baylor University]] Bear Habitat |
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|[[Delaware]], [[United States]] |
|[[Delaware]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.brandywinezoo.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.brandywinezoo.org/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Baton Rouge Zoo|BREC's Baton Rouge Zoo]] |
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|3601 Thomas Rd |
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|[[Baker, Louisiana|Baker]] |
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|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.brzoo.org/ Website] |
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|[[Brevard Zoo]] |
|[[Brevard Zoo]] |
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|[[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]] |
|[[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]] |
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|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://seaworldparks.com/en/buschgardens-tampa/ Website] |
|[http://seaworldparks.com/en/buschgardens-tampa/ Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141123152053/http://seaworldparks.com/en/buschgardens-tampa/ |date=2014-11-23 }} |
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|- |
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|[[Butterfly House, Missouri Botanical Garden|The Butterfly House]] |
|[[Butterfly House, Missouri Botanical Garden|The Butterfly House]] |
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|[[Texas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Texas]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.caldwellzoo.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.caldwellzoo.org/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Calgary Zoo]] |
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|1300 Zoo Road NE |
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|[[Calgary]] |
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|[[Alberta]], [[Canada]] |
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|[http://www.calgaryzoo.ab.ca/ Website] |
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|[[California Science Center]] |
|[[California Science Center]] |
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|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.reptiland.com/ Website] |
|[http://www.reptiland.com/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Columbus Zoo and Aquarium]] |
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|2661 Billingsley Rd |
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|[[Powell, Ohio|Powell]] |
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|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
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|[https://www.columbuszoo.org/ Website] |
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|[[Como Park Zoo and Conservatory]] |
|[[Como Park Zoo and Conservatory]] |
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|[[Texas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Texas]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.elpasozoo.org Website] |
|[http://www.elpasozoo.org Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Ellen Trout Zoo]] |
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|402 Zoo Circle |
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|[[Lufkin, Texas|Lufkin]] |
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|[[Texas]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://ellentroutzoo.com Website] |
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|[[Elmwood Park Zoo]] |
|[[Elmwood Park Zoo]] |
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|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.elmwoodparkzoo.org Website] |
|[http://www.elmwoodparkzoo.org Website] |
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|- |
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|Emirates Park Zoo |
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|12th St - Al Bahyah |
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|[[Abu Dhabi]] |
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|[[United Arab Emirates]] |
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|[https://www.emiratesparkzooandresort.com Website] |
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|Everland Zoo |
|Everland Zoo |
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|[[San Jose, California|San Jose]] |
|[[San Jose, California|San Jose]] |
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|[[California]], [[United States]] |
|[[California]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www. |
|[http://www.happyhollow.org Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Henry Vilas Zoo]] |
|[[Henry Vilas Zoo]] |
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|[[Hutchinson, Kansas|Hutchinson]] |
|[[Hutchinson, Kansas|Hutchinson]] |
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|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www. |
|[http://www.hutchinsonzoo.org Website] |
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|- |
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|Idaho Falls Zoo at Tautphaus Park |
|Idaho Falls Zoo at Tautphaus Park |
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|[[Garden City, Kansas|Garden City]] |
|[[Garden City, Kansas|Garden City]] |
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|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
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|[https |
|[https://www.leerichardsonzoo.org/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Lehigh Valley Zoo]] |
|[[Lehigh Valley Zoo]] |
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|[[Little Rock Zoo|Little Rock Zoological Gardens]] |
|[[Little Rock Zoo|Little Rock Zoological Gardens]] |
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|1 |
|1 Zoo Drive |
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|[[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
|[[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
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|[[Arkansas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Arkansas]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.littlerockzoo.com Website] |
|[http://www.littlerockzoo.com Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Living Desert Zoo and Gardens State Park]] |
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|1504 Miehls Rd |
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|[[Carlsbad, New Mexico|Carlsbad]] |
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|[[New Mexico]], [[United States]] |
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|[http://www.nmparks.com Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Living Desert Zoo and Gardens]] |
|[[Living Desert Zoo and Gardens]] |
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|[[Utah]], [[United States]] |
|[[Utah]], [[United States]] |
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|[https://thelivingplanet.com/ Website] |
|[https://thelivingplanet.com/ Website] |
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|- |
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|[[Marineland of Florida]] |
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|9600 N Ocean Shore Blvd |
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|[[St. Augustine, Florida|St. Augustine]] |
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|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[https://marineland.net/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Maritime Aquarium at Norwalk]] |
|[[Maritime Aquarium at Norwalk]] |
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Line 883: | Line 896: | ||
|[[Port of Dubuque]] |
|[[Port of Dubuque]] |
||
|[[Iowa]], [[United States]] |
|[[Iowa]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www. |
|[http://www.rivermuseum.com/ Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[New England Aquarium]] |
|[[New England Aquarium]] |
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Line 889: | Line 902: | ||
|[[Boston]] |
|[[Boston]] |
||
|[[Massachusetts]], [[United States]] |
|[[Massachusetts]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www. |
|[http://www.neaq.org Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[New York Aquarium]] |
|[[New York Aquarium]] |
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Line 998: | Line 1,011: | ||
|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
|[[Florida]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.palmbeachzoo.org Website] |
|[http://www.palmbeachzoo.org Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Zoo León|Parque Zoologico de León]] |
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|Carretera an Ibarrilla Km. 6, Col. Ibarrilla |
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|[[León, Guanajuato|León]] |
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|[[Guanajuato]], [[Mexico]] |
|||
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20080509170255/http://www.zooleon.org/esp/principal.php Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Peoria Zoo]] |
|[[Peoria Zoo]] |
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Line 1,045: | Line 1,052: | ||
|[[Brooklyn]] |
|[[Brooklyn]] |
||
|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
||
|[ |
|[https://prospectparkzoo.com/ Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Pueblo Zoo]] |
|[[Pueblo Zoo]] |
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Line 1,101: | Line 1,108: | ||
|[https://www.riverbanks.org Website] |
|[https://www.riverbanks.org Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Riverside Discovery Center]] |
|||
|1600 S Beltline Hwy W |
|||
|[[Scottsbluff, Nebraska|Scottsbluff]] |
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|[[Nebraska]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://riversidediscoverycenter.org/ Website] |
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|- |
|||
|[[Roger Williams Park Zoo]] |
|[[Roger Williams Park Zoo]] |
||
|1000 Elmwood Avenue |
|1000 Elmwood Avenue |
||
Line 1,117: | Line 1,119: | ||
|[[Salina, Kansas|Salina]] |
|[[Salina, Kansas|Salina]] |
||
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
||
|[https:// |
|[https://www.rollinghillszoo.org/ Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Roosevelt Park Zoo]] |
|[[Roosevelt Park Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,274: | Line 1,276: | ||
|[[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] |
|[[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] |
||
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
|[[Kansas]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.scz.org Website] |
|[http://www.scz.org Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510191336/https://scz.org/ |date=2017-05-10 }} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Seneca Park Zoo]] |
|[[Seneca Park Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,311: | Line 1,313: | ||
|[[South Carolina]], [[United States]] |
|[[South Carolina]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.scaquarium.org Website] |
|[http://www.scaquarium.org Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Squam Lakes Natural Science Center]] |
|||
|23 Science Center Rd |
|||
|[[Holderness, New Hampshire|Holderness]] |
|||
|[[New Hampshire]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://www.nhnature.org Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park|St. Augustine Alligator Farm]] |
|[[St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park|St. Augustine Alligator Farm]] |
||
Line 1,450: | Line 1,446: | ||
|[http://www.wildlifesafari.net Website] |
|[http://www.wildlifesafari.net Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[The Wilds]] |
|[[The Wilds (Ohio)|The Wilds]] |
||
|14000 International Road |
|14000 International Road |
||
|[[Cumberland, Ohio|Cumberland]] |
|[[Cumberland, Ohio|Cumberland]] |
||
|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.thewilds.org Website] |
|[http://www.thewilds.org Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo]] |
|||
|1300 Zoo Road NE |
|||
|[[Calgary]] |
|||
|[[Alberta]], [[Canada]] |
|||
|[http://www.calgaryzoo.com/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Wonders of Wildlife Museum & Aquarium]] |
|||
|500 W Sunshine St |
|||
|[[Springfield, Missouri|Springfield]] |
|||
|[[Missouri]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[https://wondersofwildlife.org Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Woodland Park Zoo]] |
|[[Woodland Park Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,610: | Line 1,618: | ||
|[http://www.whiteoakwildlife.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.whiteoakwildlife.org/ Website] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|Wilderness Wildlife Center |
|||
|[[The Wild Animal Sanctuary]] - Texas |
|||
| - |
|||
|3901 Highway 114 |
|||
| - |
|||
|[[Boyd, Texas|Boyd]] |
|||
|[[ |
|[[Pennsylvania]] |
||
|[https:// |
|[https://rivendalewildlifesanctuary.com/ Website] |
||
|} |
|} |
||
Line 1,625: | Line 1,633: | ||
!State/country |
!State/country |
||
!Website |
!Website |
||
|- |
|||
|[[African Safari Wildlife Park]] |
|||
|267 S Lightner Road |
|||
|[[Port Clinton, Ohio|Port Clinton]] |
|||
|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://www.africansafariwildlifepark.com/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Alameda Park Zoo]] |
|[[Alameda Park Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,630: | Line 1,644: | ||
|[[Alamogordo, New Mexico|Alamogordo]] |
|[[Alamogordo, New Mexico|Alamogordo]] |
||
|[[New Mexico]], [[United States]] |
|[[New Mexico]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://ci.alamogordo.nm.us/coa/communityservices/zoo.htm Website] |
|[http://ci.alamogordo.nm.us/coa/communityservices/zoo.htm Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706111043/http://ci.alamogordo.nm.us/coa/communityservices/zoo.htm |date=2011-07-06 }} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Binghamton Zoo at Ross Park]] |
|[[Binghamton Zoo at Ross Park]] |
||
Line 1,637: | Line 1,651: | ||
|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
|[[New York (state)|New York]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://rossparkzoo.com/ Website] |
|[http://rossparkzoo.com/ Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Baton Rouge Zoo|BREC's Baton Rouge Zoo]] |
|||
|3601 Thomas Rd |
|||
|[[Baker, Louisiana|Baker]] |
|||
|[[Louisiana]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://www.brzoo.org/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Chehaw Park]] |
|[[Chehaw Park]] |
||
Line 1,649: | Line 1,657: | ||
|[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[United States]] |
|[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.chehaw.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.chehaw.org/ Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Columbus Zoo and Aquarium]] |
|||
|2661 Billingsley Rd |
|||
|[[Powell, Ohio|Powell]] |
|||
|[[Ohio]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[https://www.columbuszoo.org/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Erie Zoo]] |
|[[Erie Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,673: | Line 1,675: | ||
|[[Mississippi]], [[United States]] |
|[[Mississippi]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://jacksonzoo.org/ Website] |
|[http://jacksonzoo.org/ Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Living Desert Zoo and Gardens State Park]] |
|||
|1504 Miehls Rd |
|||
|[[Carlsbad, New Mexico|Carlsbad]] |
|||
|[[New Mexico]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[https://www.emnrd.nm.gov/spd/find-a-park/living-desert-zoo-and-gardens-state-park/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Mill Mountain Zoo]] |
|[[Mill Mountain Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,691: | Line 1,699: | ||
|[[Illinois]], [[United States]] |
|[[Illinois]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.niabizoo.com/ Website] |
|[http://www.niabizoo.com/ Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Zoo León|Parque Zoologico de León]] |
|||
|Carretera an Ibarrilla Km. 6, Col. Ibarrilla |
|||
|[[León, Guanajuato|León]] |
|||
|[[Guanajuato]], [[Mexico]] |
|||
|[https://www.zooleon.org.mx/ Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium]] |
|[[Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium]] |
||
Line 1,697: | Line 1,711: | ||
|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
|[[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]] |
||
|[http://www.pittsburghzoo.org/ Website] |
|[http://www.pittsburghzoo.org/ Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Safari West]] |
|||
|3115 Porter Creek Road |
|||
|[[Sonoma County, California|Sonoma County]] |
|||
|[[California]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://www.safariwest.com Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Salisbury Zoo]] |
|[[Salisbury Zoo]] |
||
Line 1,715: | Line 1,739: | ||
|[[California]], [[United States]] |
|[[California]], [[United States]] |
||
|[https://www.sixflags.com/discoverykingdom Website] |
|[https://www.sixflags.com/discoverykingdom Website] |
||
|- |
|||
|[[Squam Lakes Natural Science Center]] |
|||
|23 Science Center Rd |
|||
|[[Holderness, New Hampshire|Holderness]] |
|||
|[[New Hampshire]], [[United States]] |
|||
|[http://www.nhnature.org Website] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|The Texas Zoo |
|The Texas Zoo |
||
Line 1,732: | Line 1,762: | ||
|Litchfield Park |
|Litchfield Park |
||
|Arizona, United States |
|Arizona, United States |
||
|[http://wildlifeworld.com Website] |
|||
| |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
==Notable people== |
|||
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> |
|||
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> |
|||
*[[Melanie R. Bond]], biologist, primate scientist and author<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carlson|first=Peter|date=1990-06-17|title=AT THE ZOO|language=en-US|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1990/06/17/at-the-zoo/66ebffbc-5bbb-47b8-a6d5-22a1e118ef14/|access-date=2021-09-21|issn=0190-8286|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614003037/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1990/06/17/at-the-zoo/66ebffbc-5bbb-47b8-a6d5-22a1e118ef14/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[List of zoo associations]] |
|||
* [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] |
* [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] |
||
Latest revision as of 12:52, 4 May 2024
Abbreviation | AZA |
---|---|
Founded | October 1924 | (as American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums)
Type | Not-for-profit organization |
55-0526930 | |
Legal status | 501(c)(3) |
Focus | Accreditation of zoos and aquariums; conservation; advocacy |
Headquarters | Silver Spring, Maryland, U.S. |
Coordinates | 38°59′41″N 77°01′53″W / 38.994820°N 77.031271°W |
Area served | International |
Method | Accreditation |
Berto Castro | |
Dan Ashe | |
Craig Hoover | |
Revenue (2016) | $12,786,124 |
Expenses (2016) | $10,427,633 |
Employees (2016) | 42 |
Volunteers (2016) | 350 |
Website | www |
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), originally the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums, is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization founded in 1924 and dedicated to the advancement of zoos and public aquariums in the areas of conservation, education, science, and recreation. AZA is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, and accredits zoos. There were 238 accredited facilities as of 2019, primarily in the US, and also a handful in eleven other countries.
History[edit]
In October 1924 the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums was formed as an affiliate of the American Institute of Park Executives. In 1966, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums became a professional branch affiliate of the newly formed National Recreation and Park Association, which absorbed the American Institute of Park Executives.
In the fall of 1971, the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums membership voted to become an independent association. On January 19, 1972, it was chartered as the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums with its executive office located in Wheeling, West Virginia, within the Oglebay Park Good Zoo.[1] In 1994, the shorter name American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) was adopted.[2]
In early 2018, AZA acquired the Wildlife Trafficking Alliance to help grow public awareness about the purchase and sale of illegal wildlife products in the United States.[3][4]
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums reported 195 million visitors to its 236 accredited member facilities in 2017.[5]
Activities[edit]
The organization is active in institution accreditation, animal care initiatives, education and conservation programs, collaborative research and advocacy.
AZA serves as an accrediting body for zoos and aquariums and ensures accredited facilities meet higher standards of animal care than required by law. Institutions are evaluated every five years in order to ensure standards are met and to maintain accreditation. As of 2019 AZA had 238 accredited facilities in the US and eleven other countries: Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, The Bahamas, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Argentina, Spain, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea.[6]
Approximately 800,000 animals representing 6,000 species are in the care of AZA-accredited facilities, including 1,000 threatened or endangered species.[6] The association also facilitates both species survival plans and population management plans, which serve to sustainably manage genetically diverse captive populations of various animal species.[6]
AZA holds a conference in September, one of the largest zoo and aquarium professionals' events in the US.
AZA also manages the citizen science program FrogWatch USA.[7]
Accreditation[edit]
In the United States, any public animal exhibit must be licensed and inspected by the United States Department of Agriculture, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Drug Enforcement Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and others. Depending on the animals they exhibit, the activities of zoos are regulated by laws including the Endangered Species Act, the Animal Welfare Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 and others.[8] Additionally, zoos in North America may choose to pursue accreditation by AZA.
The American association has developed a definition for zoological gardens and aquariums as part of its accreditation standards: "A permanent cultural institution which owns and maintains captive wild animals that represent more than a token collection and, under the direction of a professional staff, provides its collection with appropriate care and exhibits them in an aesthetic manner to the public on a regularly scheduled basis. They shall further be defined as having as their primary business the exhibition, conservation and preservation of the earth's fauna in an educational and scientific manner."
To achieve accreditation, a zoo must pass an application and inspection process and meet or exceed AZA's standards for animal health and welfare, fundraising, zoo staffing, and involvement in global conservation efforts. Inspection is performed by three experts (typically one veterinarian, one expert in animal care, and one expert in zoo management and operations) and then reviewed by a panel of twelve experts before accreditation is awarded. This accreditation process is repeated once every five years.
AZA estimates that there are approximately 2,800 animal exhibits operating under USDA license as of 2019; fewer than 10% are accredited.[5][9] Certification is possible for facilities that hold animals, but are not regularly open to the public.
Saving Animals From Extinction[edit]
AZA's Saving Animals From Extinction (SAFE) program prioritizes collaboration between zoos and aquariums to support highly vulnerable species.[10] SAFE builds on existing recovery plans to implement strategic conservation and public engagement activities.[11] In 2017, AZA member zoos and aquariums invested $15.6 million towards SAFE program species.[12]
The SAFE program signature species include the African lion, African species of vultures, Asian elephant, Atlantic Acropora coral, black-footed ferret, black rhinoceros, cheetah, eastern indigo snake, giraffe, gorilla, sea turtles, orangutan, radiated tortoise, red wolf, sharks, and sting rays, vaquita, western pond turtle and whooping crane. There were more than 20 species or taxonomic groups included in the program as of 2019.[13]
Annual Report on Conservation and Science[edit]
The association has a computerized database called the Annual Report on Conservation and Science. This helps track AZA research projects worldwide.[14]
AZA member zoos and aquariums contribute $220 million to conservation projects each year.[12] They participate in 115 reintroduction programs, including more than 40 programs for species listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act.[6]
In 2017, member institutions reported participating in field conservation projects benefiting over 860 species in 128 countries. AZA zoos and aquariums spent $25 million on research and published 170 books, book chapters, journal articles, conference proceeding papers, posters and theses or dissertations. Animal care, health and welfare, followed by species and habitat conservation, describe 68% of the AZA community's research.[12]
List of member zoos and aquariums[edit]
To be a member, a facility must either be accredited or certified.
Accredited facilities[edit]
Accredited facilities maintain a professional staff and appropriate animal care, and are open to the public on a predictable basis. The following list is from 2013.[15][16]
[edit]
Certified facilities maintain a professional staff and appropriate animal care, but are not open to the public on a predictable basis.[15][17]
Former members[edit]
Notable people[edit]
- Melanie R. Bond, biologist, primate scientist and author[18]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "American Association of Zoological Parks and Acquariums Archived 2021-01-26 at the Wayback Machine". Business Entity Details. West Virginia Secretary of State. Retrieved September 20, 2018.
- ^ Wagner, Robert O., "The independence of AAZPA", in Regional Conference Proceedings 1996, American Zoo and Aquarium Association, Wheeling, West Virginia, 1996.
- ^ Bratcher, Emily (2018-02-15). "Zoos and Aquariums Group Acquires U.S. Wildlife Trafficking Alliance". Associations Now. Archived from the original on 2021-12-18. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
- ^ "Wildlife Trafficking Alliance". Archived from the original on 2022-06-28. Retrieved 2019-11-13.
- ^ a b "About AZA". Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Archived from the original on 2010-08-25. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
- ^ a b c d "Zoo and Aquarium Statistics". Association of Zoos & Aquariums. 8 January 2020. Archived from the original on 17 January 2019. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
- ^ "FrogWatch USA". aza.org. Archived from the original on 2019-12-24. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
- ^ Grech, Kali S. (2004). "Overview of the Laws Affecting Zoos". Animal Legal & Historical Center. Michigan State University College of Law. Archived from the original on 2012-06-24. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
- ^ "What is Accreditation?". Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
- ^ "Saving Animals From Extinction (SAFE)". Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Archived from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
- ^ "Meet the SAFE Species". www.aza.org. Archived from the original on 2018-08-24. Retrieved 2018-08-24.
- ^ a b c "2017 Annual Report on Conservation and Science: Highlights" (PDF). www.speakcdn.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
- ^ "SAFE Species". www.aza.org. Archived from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
- ^ "Annual Report on Conservation and Science". Archived from the original on 2018-12-14. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
- ^ a b "Membership Levels". aza.org. AZA. Archived from the original on 23 October 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^ "Currently Accredited Zoos and Aquariums". aza.org. AZA. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
- ^ "Currently Certified Related Facilities". aza.org. AZA. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^ Carlson, Peter (1990-06-17). "AT THE ZOO". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-09-21.