Audresselles
| Audresselles | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Hauts-de-France | |
| Department | Pas-de-Calais | |
| Arrondissement | Boulogne-sur-Mer | |
| Canton | Desvres | |
| Community association | Terre des Deux Caps | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 50 ′ N , 1 ° 36 ′ E | |
| height | 0-114 m | |
| surface | 5.72 km 2 | |
| Residents | 649 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 113 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 62164 | |
| INSEE code | 62056 | |
 View from the beach to the promenade |
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Audresselles ( Flemish : Oderzele ) is a municipality on the French Channel coast with 649 inhabitants (January 1, 2017).
geography
Geographical location
Audresselles is located on the Côte d'Opale , part of the Channel coast . Boulogne-sur-Mer is eleven kilometers south and Cap Gris-Nez is five kilometers north . Because of its proximity to the three major European capitals Paris , London and Brussels , it is an easily accessible, sought-after seaside resort. The A16 car route , which connects the cities on the English Channel coast, runs near the village . The nearest train station is that of Wimille - Wimereux .
Audresselles is located in the Pas-de-Calais department of the Hauts-de-France region . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Boulogne-sur-Mer , the Canton of Desvres and the Terre des Deux Caps municipal association . The municipality is part of the Caps et Marais d'Opale Regional Nature Park .
Neighboring communities are Audinghen in the north, Bazinghen in the northeast , and Ambleteuse in the south . The English Channel limits the municipality to the west.
coast
The two stretches of coast of Audresselles are separated from each other by a headland called the Côte de fer . The southern beach consists of coarse pebbles and extends to Ambleteuse. The northern section extends along a pristine cliff to Cap Gris-Nez.
fauna and Flora
Birds
On the beach, in the dunes and in the wetlands you meet herring gulls , black-headed gulls , terns , cormorants , Coot , gray geese , mallards , herons , egrets , oystercatchers , guillemots , razorbills , curlews , gannets , snipe , jackdaws , bitterns , mute swans , peregrine , Sparrowhawks , pheasants and several species of passerine birds .
Marine mammals
A small colony of gray seals has settled in a small bay north of the village since July 2006. Gray seals have been sighted regularly in the immediate vicinity of the village.
Also, porpoises , dolphins and even the occasional killer whales , pilot whales and humpback whales were sighted.
flora
Frequently encountered bush plants are the common wolfberry , the common spindle bush , the privet , hawthorn and, as a neophyte, olive willow since 1980 . Another neophyte that is spreading at the expense of other plant species is the wild beet . Annual plants that one encounters in the area are the real sea kale , different types of sedum , coltsfoot , wild carrots and parsnips , cloves and various sweet grasses .
Place name
The place name was written down in 1050 in the form Odersele . The second part of the name -selles corresponds to the Flemish sele , dwelling, in this context often with only one room. The same root can be found in the neighboring hamlet of Haringzelle . In the Westhoek you can find place names like Herzeele , 1195 Hersele , or Lederzeele , 1139 Lidersele . In Belgium there are Herzele and Elzele . Compare also the German hall .
In the first part of the name, Albert Dauzat and Ernest Nègre suspect that it comes from a Germanic first name. In the Picardic dialect the place is called Auderselle , in Dutch Oderzele .
history
From the end of the English occupation in 1558 until the middle of the 17th century, the place belonged to the Acary family. They also owned Hamlet Haringzelle. Some admirals and many members of the old fishing families in the village come from this family.
Located on a dune, the fishing and seafaring village lost several streets and houses and the 11th century church to the sea by 1880. At the end of the 19th century, summer visitors from Paris, Lille and Reims bought the waterfront properties. They each built stone walls to protect their holiday home. Since then the bank has not receded any further, and the headland Côte de fer has formed . So the place preserved its characteristic architecture. Elongated white houses ( Longères ), decorated with a ribbon, can be found in the center of the village, while Belle Époque villas sit enthroned over the beach.
Until the Second World War, wells, some of which were from the Middle Ages, secured the water supply. 1940–1944 the German occupiers set up the local water network; Among other things, they used it to supply the villas that they had requisitioned for themselves with fresh water. The network is still in use and is now operated by the Véolia Eau company. Since then, many landowners have given up the wells on their properties. Postcards from before the Second World War suggest that the German occupiers also fortified the road network. A large number of holiday homes were destroyed in the liberation struggles in September.
A local family of fishermen still practices traditional fishing with the Doriboat . The flobarts , traditional small wooden fishing boats with a shallow draft, are now used by tourists for excursions.
Politics and administration
| Period | Surname | Political party | job | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| List incomplete due to missing data. | ||||
| March 1925 | March 1953 | Gustave Danquin | Teacher | |
| March 1953 | March 1971 | Paul Forestier | farmer | |
| March 1971 | March 1975 | Daniel Leunens | Teacher | |
| March 1975 | March 1995 | Roger Tourret | farmer | |
| March 1995 | March 2001 | Joël Lecouffe | employee | |
| March 2001 | March 2020 | Roger Tourret | Farmer Re-elected for the 2014–2020 mandate |
|
coat of arms
The old family coat of arms of the Acary, which showed an eagle with outspread wings on a gold background, served as the local coat of arms until 1975. Today's coat of arms shows a golden flobart on blue, floating on three silver waves, above a red crab on gold.
Population
In 2008 the municipality had almost 600 apartments. A little more than half of them were second homes.
| 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2008 | 2012 |
| 424 | 440 | 489 | 538 | 587 | 681 | 706 | 712 | 692 |
The population is relatively old. At 24.7%, the proportion of people aged 60 and over is higher than the French average of 21.6% and significantly higher than in the département with 19.8%. The proportion of female to male population is 51.3% to 48.7%.
| Age | ♂ | ♀ |
| 0-14 | 22.2% | 19.5% |
| 15-29 | 19.0% | 15.1% |
| 30-44 | 19.9% | 21.1% |
| 45 - 59 | 17.6% | 16.4% |
| 60 and older | 21.3% | 27.9% |
economy
The economy of the place is mainly based on transport, tourism and fishing. By decree of the Prefect of December 20, 2004, non-professional gatherers are prohibited from harvesting mussels and subject to a heavy fine.
Short tourist stays have developed particularly strongly. There are two hotels, five campsites and a number of rural private guest houses in the municipality. Numerous restaurants and cafés line the market square in the center. In recent years, a number of Belgians, Germans and British have set up holiday homes on site.
Culture
education
Audresselles houses an École maternelle and a primary school, the École E. Evrard . The closest secondary schools are in Marquise , Wimereux and Boulogne-sur-Mer. The campuses of the Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale in Boulogne and Calais are not far away.
Healthcare
A doctor, a nurse and a midwife are resident in the community.
Festivals
- Assumption on August 15th is the traditional village festival. In the meantime, it not only attracts the local population, but also thousands of regular guests and tourists. After the service, they follow the procession from the church to the beach, where a priest on a Doriboot also travels to bless the sea.
- The Fête du Crabe takes place on the weekend of Pentecost. Local artisans set up their stalls in front of the fish market, where the Audresselles fishing families sell crustaceans, squid and fish. A powerful local council announces the performances on a podium. It is an important opportunity for local politicians to get in touch with citizens, to exchange ideas with them and to promote their political goals and their choices.
- The Fête culturelle des Européens has been held annually in July or August since 2002. Musicians and visual artists from Belgium, Germany, Croatia, Italy and Russia take part in it.
languages
In addition to French, some residents also speak their dialect, the version of Picardy spoken on the coast . The locals have their own word creations and pronunciation forms. The local dialect is similar to that spoken in the northern Boulogne district of St. Pierre. In the third person plural of the personal pronoun, the s is pronounced at the end. Names of body parts, such as la nèque , or of fish, such as la mallett or le rouget barbet , come from English.
A proverb in Audresselles is:
"Vint d'amont va coutcher aveuc les files d'Auderselle"
"In a north wind we (the fishermen) lie down with the girls from Audresselles (because we cannot go out by boat)"
Culinary specialty
The Fleur d'Audresselles cheese bears the name of the municipality. It is a cow's milk cheese that is partly made from raw milk in the Sainte Godeleine cheese dairy in Wierre-Effroy . It is a soft cheese with a semi-hard rind, salted with salt from the Guérande salt pans .
Architectural monuments
Church Saint-Jean-Baptiste
The Saint-Jean-Baptiste church is located inland on the eastern edge of the village. It was built in the twelfth century. The elevated position from which you can watch the sunset in the sea should set an example against the paganism that was revived by the Vikings. The church stands in the middle of a wide circle of Germanic places of worship whose gods gave the surrounding places their names: Audinghen of Odin , Tardinghen of Thor , Loquinghen of Loki .
The portal is from the 18th century. Inside there is a small retable from the 18th century and three large paintings from the Second Empire . One of them is signed with the initials of the Victorian painter Arthur Gilbert .
Other structures
- The 17th century Saint-Jean farm has a gatehouse, a dovecote and a house with a stone coat of arms on the facade, a Greek cross .
- The post office on Rue Édouard-Quénu dates from the 18th century.
- The Allée Maurice Boitel dominates the beach in an elevated position.
Technical monument
In both the north and south of the beach you can still find the telephone cables that once connected France with England. They were installed by Siemens in 1907 and 1911 and remained in operation until 1914. They suggest that the French government did not consider war with Germany likely until at least 1911.
Personalities
- Maurice Boitel (1919–2007), painter, died and buried in Audresselles
- Carolus-Duran (1837-1917), painter
- Pierre Carrier-Belleuse (1851-1932), painter
- Catherine Destivelle (* 1960), alpinist
- Henri Dutilleux (1916–2013), composer
- Ginette Garcin (1928-2010), comedian
- Jacques-Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1902–1947), known as Leclerc, Marshal of France
- Pierre Lacoste (1924-2020), Admiral
- David Ossipovitch Widhopff (1867–1933), painter
religion
The population is predominantly Catholic. Audresselles belongs to the parish of Notre-Dame-des-Flots.
literature
- Olivier Lazzarotti: Rivages boulonnais . Association Mémoire d'Audresselles (French).
- Jacques Mahieu-Bourgain: Noms de lieux picards du Boulonnais . Christan Navarro, 2004 (French).
- Daniel Leunens: Audresselles, éléments d'une histoire . Association Mémoire d'Audresselles (French).
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ Iron Coast
- ^ Albert Dauzat , Charles Rostaing : Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de lieu en France . Librairie Guénégaud, Paris 1979, ISBN 2-85023-076-6 (French).
- ↑ Jerome Bignon: Nobiliaire de Picardie . Sur ordre du Roy, Louis XIV. 1698.
- ↑ Marie-Caroline Debaene: Audresselles: Roger Tourret, victorieux dès le premier tour . In: La Voix du Nord . March 24, 2014 (French, lavoixdunord.fr [accessed August 16, 2015]).
- ↑ Audresselles (62056): Logement. (No longer available online.) INSEE , formerly in the original ; Retrieved on August 16, 2015 (French). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Audresselles. In: Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui. École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales , accessed on August 16, 2015 (French, comment = bis, 1999).
- ↑ Source: INSEE (from 1999)
- ↑ Evolution et structure de la population à Audresselles en 2007. (No longer available online.) INSEE, formerly in the original ; Retrieved on August 16, 2015 (French). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Lieux pour l'enseignement en Terre des 2 Caps. (No longer available online.) Communauté de Communes de La Terre des 2 Caps, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 16, 2015 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Crab Festival
- ↑ André Accart: Les sobriquets des habitants du Pas-de-Calais . Les éditions Nord Avril, 2006, ISBN 2-915800-05-7 .
- ↑ historique de la fromagerie Sainte Godeleine. Retrieved August 16, 2015 (French).
- ↑ Saint John the Baptist
