Berlin dialect

Berlinerisch
Spoken in	Berlin , Brandenburg
speaker	about 5 million (different dialect skills)
Linguistic classification	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Standard German Middle German East Central German Lusatian-Neumärkisch Berlinerisch
Language codes
ISO 639 -2	gem (other Germanic languages)

The Berlin dialect (also known as Berlin dialect , Berlinisch or Berlin jargon ; own name: Berlinerisch ) is the dialect that is spoken in the greater Berlin-Brandenburg area. In connection with an often coarse but heartfelt humor, this expression is also referred to as "Schnauze mit Herz" ( Berliner Schnauze ). In linguistic terms, Berlin is not a dialect , but a (rarely encountered) “ Metrolekt ”, a city language that is created in metropolitan centers from a mixture of many different dialects. The development of Berlin has influenced the language of the surrounding state of Brandenburg and displaced the regional Low German originally spoken in the Mark Brandenburg . This “new” language experienced the strongest expression in the urban areas of Berlin . So far there are words and nicknames in Berlin that have not yet found their way into the language of the surrounding area. As a language, it is subject to constant change, so that various statements here may no longer apply. For pronunciation and common spellings, see Berlin grammar .

Heinrich Zille : Konsum-Genossenschaft , 1924
Caption: "Frida - if your mother were also involved in 'Konsum', she would have been a strong child for a long time - tell her!"

history

Originally, the Berlin area was settled by Germanic tribes , to which the name Havel , a river in the west of Berlin, is said to go back. Later settled in several waves of immigration Slavs , which until Ostsiedlung inhabited the area and of their previous existence or place names or place names like among other Kladow , Buckow and Köpenick or the term neighborhood testify.

The megacity of Berlin lies in the area of ​​the Benrath Line , so it has been under the influence of Low German and Central German since it was first mentioned in a document in 1237 . With immigration starting from 1300 and increasing from around 1500 u. a. From the Flemish areas of the Holy Roman Empire , changes in the East Low German spoken in Berlin can be increasingly proven, including its extensive role as a colloquial language . The result was a separate Metrolekt of Standard High German with a clear Central German base, but a strong Low German substrate . Only recently did this new dialect spread to the surrounding area, which until then had remained Eastern Low German . The Berlin language shows parallels to Cologne (“Kölsch”) in some peculiarities , which also has strong metro-ect traits and has been shaped by immigration for centuries (e.g. the characteristic initial softness , for example jut, jehen ).

Until the 18th century, the general colloquial language was a Brandenburg dialect , which was replaced in the late 18th century by a Central German balancing dialect based on Upper Saxony . It is similar to developments in other Low German regions, the Missingsch dialects first developed as a mixed language with the language of the office and changed in use as a colloquial language. The newly created compensatory dialect, which was very similar to today's Berlinic, took over individual words (ick, det, wat, doof) from the neighboring Low German-speaking areas .

While Berlin has been exposed to ever increasing influx of people from Saxony and Silesia since 1871 , which pushed back the Low German language elements, there were large waves of emigration to West Germany after 1945 and again after 1961 . Since Berlin in its present form did not emerge until 1920, the core area of ​​Berlin is the area of ​​today's districts of Mitte and Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg . In addition, there are the areas of Charlottenburg and Prenzlauer Berg within the ring line of the S-Bahn . Those parts of the city were located here that were particularly exposed to the influences mentioned. The outer districts were part of Brandenburg for centuries, without intensive contact with Berlin.

It is assumed that in Berlin, as an important commercial and administrative metropolis, there was early on increased pressure to use High German, which as a superstrat also encroached on the colloquial language of servants, workers and maids. Due to the increasing importance of Berlin as a Prussian metropolis, the Berlinische Stadtmundart already radiated into the surrounding area of ​​Berlin at the beginning of the 19th century, whereby it initially existed as a lingua franca alongside the traditional dialects, but eventually replaced them completely. This dialect change has continued so far, and the pressure to use High German has increased in the recent past due to Berlin's regained status as the capital of Germany.

Between 1949 and 1989 a million Berliners left the city. At the same time it came into East as West Berlin to significant Zuzügen from southern, eastern and western Germany ( Saxony , Baden-Wuerttemberg , North Rhine-Westphalia ). There was also the admission of immigrants from Turkey , Yugoslavia , Italy and Lebanon . This led to a strong displacement of Berliners from everyday life. Many newcomers to Berlin accepted parts of the dialect, but the use of the dialect was - as with dialects in other regions of Germany - increasingly viewed as "crude", "proletarian" or "uneducated". The centers of the dialect are mainly in the outskirts such as Spandau, Reinickendorf, Lichtenrade, Alt-Mariendorf and in eastern districts, where Berliners were less frowned upon in GDR times than in the west. On the other hand, the proportion of foreigners in the city center is high and there are few native Berliners to be found within the S-Bahn ring, so dialect is hardly spoken.

The language in Berlin is still shaped by waves of immigrants and therefore remains unstable. The Germans from Russia who immigrated (at the beginning of the 1990s) have developed their own dialect that is only slowly changing into Berlinic. On average, only a quarter of Berliners were born in Berlin (“genuine” Berliners) and were thus able to learn the local dialect as a child. Thanks to its spread on radio and television, the Berlin dialect became known in all parts of Germany from the middle of the 20th century. He often found favor with non-Berliners, who spread certain basic rules - orientated towards West Berlin - as the “standard of Berlin dialect”. As a result, however, the historical variants were blurred, so that it is falsely rumored that the Berlin dialect is spoken in the linguistically closely related language areas of northern Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt as well as in Berlin (“berlinern”). Regardless of this, there are family relationships, including to Neu-Altmärkisch in the north of Saxony-Anhalt.

At the same time, especially since the founding of the empire in 1871, the influence of Berlinic on the surrounding area, which until then had remained East Low German , expanded. The Lausitzian-Neumark dialects have so clearly developed from the East Low German Mark-Brandenburg , but are currently often assigned to East Central German , to which they are closer due to the transformation. During the data collection for the German Language Atlas (1880s), Low German dialects or mixed Low German-Berlin dialects were spoken in numerous places that belong to the urban area of ​​Berlin .

Berlin has a share in many of the linguistic peculiarities that are common in the entire East Central German-speaking area. Many visitors consider these peculiarities - actually wrongly - to be “typically Berlin”. As an example, the often misunderstood time indication "three quarters five" for 4:45 pm or "quarter five" for 4:15 pm, which is actually used in large parts of eastern and southern Germany and Austria, can be used.

"Fashion is today", most people complain about "Babale an der Spree". This rage, which I do not agree with, hurts my deepest soul. Also has its charms - what ick see without envy - Munich, Frangfurt, 'Dräsen' and Polzin: it was really classy, ​​what patent and classy, ​​man! you just love Berlin! "

- Walter Mehring, around 1900

“ Georg Hermann once says very fine and correct, the Berlinic is not in the words, not in the wealth of images, not even in the 'ick' and 'det'. It consists in the way of thinking and in the tone, in the melody or non-melody with which such a sentence is put down. If one has an ear, one can hear which part of the city the speaker comes from […] Then there is the incorrect Berliner. He's the one who speaks Berlin most of the time, who finds everything abhorrent in other places, complains and annoys, and who in reality doesn't come from Berlin at all. So watch out for the wrong Berliner! "

- Hans Ostwald : The Urberliner. New episode.

Influences

For a long time, Berlin (or Berlin, as the Berliner says) was viewed as a corruption of High German. This view arose precisely from the ubiquitous linguistic wit of the Berliners, who like to work with shifts in snapped up terms. As the center of Brandenburg , Prussia , the German Empire , the GDR ( East Berlin ) and as the federal capital of Germany , Berlin has always been the center of trade, traffic, emigration and immigration. Various influences were important for the language.

Due to the influx of many population groups, Berlinisch has taken up a number of words and phrases that come from both dialects and colloquial languages ​​of immigrants and are not common in the German-speaking area. Due to the strong linguistic blurring, the origin is often hardly recognizable. A number of words come from the Rotwelschen .

• Flemish worked through the Flemings who settled in the 12th and 13th centuries, especially in the countryside ("Fläming"), some of whose descendants moved to the city. Some of the long-distance merchants from Flanders, who contributed to the founding of the city, became established there.
• The French worked through the Huguenots and the Napoleonic occupation . The Prussian royal court used it anyway, like almost all nobles, especially in the 18th century, as a colloquial language in their efforts to copy Versailles ; Voltaire contributed to this through his close relationship with Frederick II .
• Hebrew influence from Jews who came to Berlin as refugees in the 16th and 17th centuries (e.g. from Austria in 1671 ).
• The Yiddish language due to the influx of East European Jews in the 19th and 20th centuries.
• The Polish , which was spoken in the Berlin-Brandenburg area until the late Middle Ages, but also Wendish in the Berlin catchment area, were the initial influences of the Slavic languages . Furthermore, Polish from Silesia and Czech from Bohemia influenced by settlement since the 15th century. The settlement of Russian immigrants after the October Revolution , later the late repatriates , brought influences from Russian in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Many of the typical Berlin expressions allow conclusions to be drawn about their origin. The saying “Det pulls like pike soup” is supposed to fall back on the Jewish “hech supha” (storm wind). “Mir is janz blümerant” is said to come from the French “bleu mourant” (“pale blue”; “dying blue”).

The phrase “Mach keene Fisimatenten ”, which the Berliners are said to have developed from “visitez ma tente” ( French visit my tent ), is often incorrectly mentioned as Berlinish . This expression is also common in other regions characterized by French cultural influence and military occupation, such as the Palatinate and the Rhineland . The tradition of the French soldiers called during the time of the French occupation of the city by Napoleon after the young Berlin girls. This led to the serious admonition of the girls' mothers not to do any “fisimatents”. Other explanations go back to older origins.

The famous Berlin meatball is a German version of the French "Boulette", the (meat) ball.

dialect

Due to the general extensive use of terms from Standard German , there has been no need for written use up to now and Berlinic remains a dialect . This may be due to the fact that Berlinisch was frowned upon as a dialect of the common people within the region for a long time. The educated class always strived to use perfect standard German in a distancing manner. The Berlin vocabulary is recorded and described in the Brandenburg-Berlin Dictionary .

There is uncertainty when it comes to the written fixation of Berlinic, since each speaker uses the sound to different degrees and, depending on the occasion, uses stronger High German or more “Berlin-like” sounds. There is no consensus on how to fix it in writing. In books, every publisher chooses their own variant. The vast majority of publications with embedded Berlin texts use High German spelling in which letters, groups of letters or whole words are replaced if they differ significantly in dialect from the usual pronunciation of High German. This usually enables every German speaker to understand the Berlin texts after a short period of familiarization with learning the substitutions. This makes the search for documents more difficult.

present

“Kiek ma, fresh berries inna city!” - advertising in Berlinisch at IFA  2011

The Berlinisch is the central idiom of a Regiolektgebiet that extends over Berlin, Brandenburg and parts of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Saxony-Anhalt . In the Brandenburg region, Berlinisch has been a self-evident, colloquial standard since the 20th century. But in the city itself, especially in West Berlin , the influx of people from the dialect and the exodus of educated middle-class dialects resulted in the development of Berlinish towards a sociolect .

The Lausitzian-Neumark dialects are characterized by an almost High German pronunciation with some syncopes and apocopes , which are the same in most German dialects. Nevertheless, Berlinisch takes some getting used to for the Upper German speaker , mainly because of the strong tendency to contract over several words and the adaptation of even foreign words and anglicisms . Special mention should be made of the “wah?” Which means something like “isn't it?”. With the exception of the southeast ( Neulausitzisch and Niederlausitzer dialect ) of the distribution area, the g is usually changed to j , i.e. 'jut' instead of 'good'.

Occasionally the Berlinish is found in advertising to underline a local color .

Language elements

grammar

→ Main article : Berlin grammar

The grammar and the associated syntax differ in part significantly from the standard language , often more in Brandenburg than in Berlin. Adverbs and adjectives can easily be used alternately. For 'closed door': 'ne a door' or 'come up' which means 'come up'. The conjunctions appear in the old form, i.e. 'as' instead of 'how', 'because' instead of 'then' and 'if' instead of 'when', 'how' = 'as', 'for what' instead of 'why'.

Personal pronouns

The accusative and dative hardly be distinguished. In the accudative , the Berliner uses the universal expression 'me' for both 'me' and 'me'. "The Berlina is gentle on me, even if it is right" (popular saying). However, there is already 50 kilometers south of the southern Brandenburg 'Michel', which principally uses the accusative: “Bring me the newspaper”. A Low German basis is seen for the Berliner's tendency to use me instead of me ; The often criticized lack of distinction between accusative and dative case corresponds to Brandenburg Low German, where the pronouns for me / you and me / you are the same for both cases, namely mi / di or mai / dai .

In Berlin, ick is used for standard German ich , or icke to increase it .

An example of this Berlin grammar is the old Berlin saying “Icke, dette, kieke mal, Oogn, Fleesch and Beene, if you don't love me, love me all.” ('I, that, look, eyes, Flesh and legs, if you don't love me, I love myself alone. ')

Summary table:

	1st person Sg.	2nd person Sg.	3rd person Sg .: m. / f. / n.			1st person Pl.	2nd person Pl.	3rd person Pl.	Courtesy form
Nominative	ick icke (increased)	you -e (enclitic)	he -er (enclitic)	she se, -se (enclitic)	et -'s, -s (enclitic; historically young phenomenon)	we wa, -wa (enclitic) mer (enclitic and assimilated)	her	she se (enclitic)	she
Accudative	me	to you	him	her	et -'s, -s (enclitic; historically young phenomenon)	us	to you	she se (enclitic)	she

The Berlin he / we

The Berliner Er is a form of address that can sometimes still be found in Berlin, which was previously generally used in German-speaking countries as a possible form of address to subordinates and lower-ranking people (see: Erzen ). The third person singular is used as a salutation. It can happen that people in Berlin ask: “Did you have a ticket?” (“Does he also have a valid ticket?”) Or “Didn't the five euros bite?” ( “Doesn't she have the five euros a little less?” → Meaning: 'Hatter' = 'Has he' and 'Hattse' = 'Has she').

Sometimes the phrase in the first person plural may still be common ( pluralis Benevolentiae or nurse plural ) : “Well, hamwa nu det richt'je Jesöff jewwahl?” Or “Da warn wawohl'n bisken fix, wa?”. Compare this with the dominant self-designation in the pluralis majestatis , which in modern times is still sometimes used as a mocking salutation for people of equal or lower status.

See also : Hamburger Sie  and Münchner Du

Lute

'J' instead of 'g'

The local sound also has many peculiarities. Newcomers first notice the replacement of g by j . The g is considered as a fricative -sound ɣ obtained ( Velare Spiranz is to palatals Spiranz), which in particular after dark vowels more like high linguistic r sounds, but by the bright vowels and semi-vowels i , e , l , r is the volume as j spoken. ('Garage' to 'Jarasche') The ɣ sound makes it difficult to distinguish between standard 'ears' and Berlin 'eyes': 'eyes' sound like 'Oojen' in the Berlin sound, the high-level 'ears' sound like 'Oan' '. Without getting used to it, this audible difference is difficult to notice. In many High German dialects, the fricative became a plosive in the early Middle Ages , which represents the standard German g .

Monophthongs

Many diphthongs become long monophthongs : au to oo, ei to ee. However, this only happens where ei / au was already present in Middle High German or ee / oo was already present in Low German . Thus, although is a (mhd. A ) → een (nd. Een and) smoke (northern mhd. Smoke ) → Rooch (nd. Rook ; cf. .: Ick rooch me eene.), But remain as ice (mhd. / nd. îs ) and house (mhd./nd. hûs ). This distribution corresponds to both Mittelmark Low German, which was spoken in Berlin before High German penetrated, and Osterland , the German dialect that originally replaced Low German in Berlin. The Easter dialect spread in Berlin through trade relations with the city of Leipzig and was considered a prestige dialect in the early modern period thanks to the reputation of Saxony .

High German sound shift

As a Central German dialect on the border with Low German, Berlinic did not carry out the second sound shift in some cases and, like Ripuarian , retains some remaining relic words as well as the mined 'p': 'det' / 'dit' for 'das', 'wat' for 'was' and 'et' for 'es' as well as 'Appel' and 'Kopp' for 'apple' and 'head'. Keeping 'p' instead of 'pf' also corresponds to Osterland .

Acceleration by contraction

The Berlin pulls words apart actually written in High German, often together: from on is uffm .

Idioms

The Berlin language knows many idioms, some of which have become known outside of Berlin, here are a few:

• 'JWD' = ' so far out there'.
• "Well, man, you've got a koddy snout today," is meant both negatively and positively. Kodderig stands for being 'bad' (from the state of health) and at the same time for 'cheeky, outrageous' (similar to 'shabby' in Ruhr German / Westphalian ). “Ne koddrige Schnauze” is a “loose mouth” that has to “have its mustard” with everything and everyone (has to add his - mostly superfluous comments). A marginal note is not meant to be causally insulting, even if it is only said in other circles if it is intended to insult. The Berliners simply ignore such sentences and simply return a similar sentence. The resulting “conversations” can still be heard in the streets of Berlin, albeit in high-level language. The linguistic and cultural peculiarities are seen in connection with each other: Those who come to Berlin are also expected to have a few loose sayings.
• The saying “ all the way to the dolls” goes back to a locality in Berlin: in the 18th century, the Großer Stern square in the Tiergarten was decorated with statues that were typically called succinctly “ the dolls ”. If you strolled particularly far on Sundays , you walked “right into the dolls”.
• "Da kamma nich meckan." , Allegedly the greatest praise the Berliner has to give.
• Berlin dialect and other sayings on berlin.de

Nicknames

→ Main article : “Nicknames” in the Berolinism article

The Berlin vernacular is famous for being omnipresent with nicknames and being comparatively rough. As with all nicknames ( pointed = hurtful in the 17th century ), they are mostly mock names that give a short substitute name for the real name, which results from the characteristics of the thing or person.

Many of the nicknames mentioned in travel guides and similar publications are rarely used in everyday Berlin language. One example of this is the name "Telespargel" for the Berlin television tower . This nickname, invented by the authorities, was not widely used in the vernacular.

Only in a few cases is the nickname actually used, for example in the case of the “ Bierpinsel ” and the “ Café Achteck ” for a historical lavatory , the “Goldelse” for the Victory Column and the name of the “ Tränenpalast ” ( Palace of Tears) , which was founded on the Wall .

Further text documents

Pronunciation examples

In the following, the colon marks a correspondence or word equation , in the form of standard German form  : Berlin dialect form . Both forms of language arose independently of one another on the basis of older dialects ; it would be wrong to assume that one of the two forms emerged from the other. Some Berlin dialect forms preserve Low German verb forms that do not have the High German sound shift or the diphthongization of long closed vowels, or are otherwise more original, e.g. B. the change from f - v to doof - dove , which is regular in Low German and also in Dutch and is only given in Standard German, at least in the south, as it is foreign to the local dialects.

• also  : ooch [ oːχ ]
• on [ aʊ̯f ]: uff [ ʊf ]
• bit [ ˈbɪsçən ]: bisken / bissken [ ˈbɪsʝən ]
• then [ dan ]: because [ dɛn ] ( n [ n̩ ] when merging : what is it? [ vasˈɪsˌdən ]: wat is' n? [ vatˈɪzn ], shortened: wat'n? [ ˈvatn ])
• das [ das ]: det [ dɛt ] / dit [ dɪt ]
• die [ diː ]: die [ diː ] / de [ də ] ( ne [ nə ] when merging : into die [ ɪn diː ]: inne [ ɪnə ] Example: "Ick jeh 'inne tub.")
• stupid [ ˈdoːfə ]: dove [ ˈdoːvə ]
• an [ aɪ̯n ]: 'n [ n̩ ] (indefinite article )
• it [ əs ] et [ ət ] ( t [⁠ t ⁠] , partly s in merger : if he [ vɛnˀeːɐ̯ˀəs ]: wennat [ vɛnat ], it goes  : jeht et , but shortened jeht's , the latter but is a historically recent phenomenon)
• -es [ -əs ]: -et [ -ət ] ( all [ aləs ]: allet [ alət ])
• something [ ˈɛtvas ] / was [ vas ]: wat / watt [ vat ]: You have to report wat?
• five [ five ]: fümve [ ˈfʏmvə ]: Compare: Let wa mal fünfe / fümve jrade sin.
• look [ ˈgʊkən ]: kiek'n [ ˈkiːkŋ̍ ]
• I [ ɪç ]: ick [ ɪk ]
• no [ kaɪ̯n ]: keen [ keːn ] (with suffixes -e, -er, -s; example: "Ham se / wa keene Würscht more?")
• no [ naɪ̯n ]: nö [ nøː ] / nee [ neː ]
• not [ nɪçt ]: not [ nɪç ]
• nothing [ nɪçts ]: nüscht [ nʏʃt ] / nichs [ nɪçs ] / nothing [ nɪks ]
• Snout  : Schnute (in the sense of mouth 'or' face 'on, "Pull not so' ne pout!") Alternatively face
• such [ ˈzɔlçə ]: so 'ne [ ˈzoːnə ] (also for the plural )
• and [ ʊnt ]: un / un ' [ ʊn ]
• many [ ˈfiːlə ]: ville [ ˈfɪlə ] or vülle [ ˈfʏlə ]
• because [ vaɪ̯l ]: wall [ val ]

Text examples

The beaver fur Ms. Wolff: I, are you flirting with the Kriegers? No, such a poor child but oh! - Come on with something like that ! A woman like a dragoon ...! Well, grab a sack down there! You can’t do anything wrong ? With me you don't have any luck with it! You don't learn to be lazy with me! Now I say this for the last time		The beaver fur Frau Wolff: Ihh, are they flaying you at Kriegers? No, such a poor child too! - We come up with something like that too ! A woman like a dragoon ...! Well, touch the sack down there! You couldn't be more foolish ? You're not lucky with me! You won't learn to be lazy with me! But now I will tell you for the last time
Gerhart Hauptmann : The beaver fur , comedy, 1893

______________________________________

The most scruffy You think you're the most scruffy for me, but you are not. I find you disgusting. You think everyone really thinks you are horny here, but that's not how it is, janz in the Jejspart. You come in here as if the world belongs to you, as if every table was ordered just for you. You stare at ma, get away, you make me sick. You want everyone to fall. You don't have all your cups in the cupboard anymore. You annoy, you annoy I'd hit you like that. You are completely hammered. You no longer have all the slats under control. Isn't it true ... You think you're the most scruffy thing for me, you're not. I find you disgusting. You think you are really irresistible, but you are not at all.		The hottest You think you are the hottest for me, but you are not. I find you disgusting. You think that everyone here thinks you are really cool, but that's not the case, on the contrary. You come in here as if the world was yours, as if every table had been ordered just for you. You look at me, get away, you make me sick. You want to please everyone. You don't have all the cups in the cupboard anymore. You annoy, you annoy I would love to hit you. You are completely hammered. You don't have all the slats on the fence anymore. It's true ... You think you are the fiercest for me, but you are not. I find you disgusting. You think you are really irresistible, but you are just not.
The Doctors : Die Allerschrockste , album The Beast in Human Form , 1993

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Berliner Klopsgeschichte I sit at the table and eat Klops, uff once klop's. Ick kieke, amazement, sore me, uf once there uff, de animal! "Nanu!", Think ick, ick think: "Nanu? Now it is uff, first was it closed ?! ” I go out and peek and who is outside? ... Icke.		Berliner Klopsgeschichte I sit at the table and eat dumplings, suddenly there is a knock. I look, marvel, wonder, suddenly the door opens! "Nanu!", I think, I think: "Nanu? Now it is open , first was it closed ?! ” I go out and look and who is outside? ... i.
Ewald Harndt: French in Berlin jargon . The New Berlin , Berlin 1967; as well as online in the Google book search, Jaron-Verlag, Berlin 2005

__________________________

The horse-drawn tram Oh, dett somebody on the horse-drawn tram, your horse, you don't pull, the other, you are lame, the coachman can't peek, the conductor can't see, and every ten minutes the cart stops 'n.		The horse-drawn tram Oh, it's comfortable on the horse-drawn tram, one horse that doesn't pull, the other that is lame, the driver can't look, the conductor ca n't see anything, and after ten minutes the carriage stops.
Anonymous: from Hans Oswald : Der Urberliner .

________________________________________

Budiker Friebel 1780, Molkenmarkt 11 
My sausage is fine,
where there is no meat, there is blood,
where there is no blood, there are rolls,
my sausage is not to be typed.

________________________________________

“And what is your job, Fraulein?” - “I work on electricity!” - “Then your father has a boat?” - “Oh no, uff the AEG ”

- Occupation census

________________________________________

Speech examples

Some syncope :

• jehn - go
• kehna - none
• Watt'n? - What?
• haste - you have
• The Hamma is lying on the face of it. - The hammer is on the table.
• Jips jibs inna Jipsstrasse. Jibs da keen jips, jibs jar keen jips. - There is plaster in Gipsstrasse. If there is no plaster of paris, there is no plaster of paris at all.
• Ne jut jebratne Janz is ne jute Jabe Jottes. - A well-roasted goose is a good gift from God.
• Dit jibs ja janich - that doesn't exist
• That's JWD. ( J anz w eit d raußn / quite far out) - in the sense of far away, outside
• Watt should'n dit? - What's that supposed to be?
• I can't glob'n. - I can not believe it.
• Allet juht - all good
• I have - I have
• Dit hamm 'wa - we have that

Relationship:

• the club - little brother
• die Atze - big brother (also in the sense of "close friend")
• the threshold - sister
• the Ollen parents
• meene Olle - my wife
• the Ische - companion in life

Contractions:

• “'(De) t jibs (do) ​​onich! '(de) tkannowo (l) nnee wa s (e) in! “- That doesn't exist! That can not be true!
• “'(De) thajkda scho ma j (e) sacht. '(de) tworth nien clay wat. ”- I've already told you that. That will never be anything in life.
• “I ca n't go there. Kannstma kiekn? '”- I can't do it. Can you take a look

See also

• Mark Brandenburg dialects
• Eberswalder Canal German

literature

Dictionaries

• The little Duden, special edition Berlin . Dudenverlag , Mannheim 2005, ISBN 3-411-14072-0 .
• Jens Runkehl (compiler): Lilliput Berlinerisch. Langenscheidt, Berlin / Munich 2017, ISBN 3-468-19913-9 .
• Peter Schlobinski: Berlin Dictionary. Arani Verlag, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-7605-8640-6 .
• Brandenburg-Berlin dictionary
• Joachim Wiese: Small Brandenburg-Berlin Dictionary . Reclam, Leipzig 1996, ISBN 3-379-01574-1
• Theodor Constantin: Berlin swear dictionary. 8th edition. Edition Jule Hammer , Haude & Spener, Berlin 1984, ISBN 3-7759-0236-8 .
• Hans Ostwald : Berlinerisch . Series What is not in the dictionary, Vol. II), Piper Verlag, Munich 1932.
• Norbert Dittmar, Peter Schlobinski , Inge Wachs: Berlinisch - studies on the lexicon, on language setting and. to the repertoire of styles; [Urban language research project] . Berlin publishing house. Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-87061-914-7 .

Sound carrier

• 80 songs with a Berliner Schnauze - homesickness for Berlin . 4CDs, Membran Music Ltd., Distribution Grosser and Stein 2005, ISBN 978-3-86562-233-4 .

PhraseBook and Examples

• Sibylle Kohls: gibberish, Berlinerisch, the German of the capital . Reise Know-How Verlag, Bielefeld 2011, ISBN 3-894-16508-1 .
• Adolf Glaßbrenner : “There's a hell of a boy here!”: Humoresques, satires, comic scenes . Berlin 1986, Eulenspiegel Verlag.
  • Jana Mussik: The Berlin dialect of Adolf Glaßbrenner: “… ne Scheene Jejend is det here!” . GRIN Verlag, 2018, ISBN 3-668-81959-9 .
• Hans Meyer, Siegfried Mauermann, Walther Kiaulehn : The right Berliner: in words and idioms. ISBN 3-406-64931-9 ( proof of digital copies of older editions on Wikisource ).
• Roland Putzker (Illustrator): Do you speak Berlinerisch? For Berliners and those who want to become one . Tosa Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-902-47840-3
• Jan Eik and Jutta Voigt: The Berlin jargon . Jaron Verlag, 2018, ISBN 9783897738522 .
• Gisela Buddee: Wat Berlin det life learning: Berlinisch from A-Z . Ellert & Richter Verlag, 2009, ISBN 3-831-90380-8 .
• Edda Prochownik: It peeped, huh ?! Berlinisch - a language with humor . Haude & Spenersche Verlagsbuchhandlung GmbH, 1995, ISBN 3-775-90268-6 .
• Ick kieke, amazed, amazed: Berlin poems from 1830 to today . The Other Library, 2017, ISBN 9783847720188 .
• Sarah Böhme: Die Berliner Schnauze - Using the example of the spoken language of the comedians Helga Hahnemann and Kurt Krömer , GRIN Verlag GmbH, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-640-70374-6 .
• Norbert Dittmar, Ursula Bredel : The language wall - the processing of the turnaround and its consequences in discussions with East and West Berliners . Weidler Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-89693-143-1 .
• Brigitte Grunert: The Berlin dialect: a language (seducer) leader . Berlin Edition by be.bra Verlag, January 1, 2003, ISBN 3-814-80094-X

historical development

• Norbert Dittmar , Peter Schlobinski : Changes in a city language - Berlinisch in the past and present . Colloquium Verlag, 1988, ISBN 3-7678-0704-1 .
• Agathe Lasch : "Berlinisch". A Berlin linguistic history . Hobbing, Berlin 1928. digital.zlb.de: Digitalisat .
• Ewald Harndt: French in Berlin jargon . New edition Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89773-524-5 .
• Joachim Schildt, Hartmut Schmidt: Berlinisch - Historical introduction to the language of a city. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-05-000157-7 .

Popular literature

• René Goscinny , Albert Uderzo : Asterix balinat 1 - The plate jottweedee , Übatrajn by Silke Knocke and Sven Kugler, dialect, book 20, Delta Valach JmbH, Stuttjaat 1998, ISBN 3-7704-2255-4 .
• René Goscinny , Albert Uderzo : Asterix Mundart Berlinerisch II: Asterix and det Pyramidenluda , Egmont Comic Collection, 2002, ISBN 3-770-42289-9 .
• Disney : Funny paperback dialect - Berlinerisch Egmont Ehapa Media, 2018, ISBN 3-841-32409-6 .
• Jennifer Sindral and Lewis Carroll: Alice in Wonderland in Berlin-style Kindle edition,
• Walter Sauer (ed.), Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (author), Christian Fröhlich (translator): Der kleene Prinz: Berlinisch , 3rd edition, Verlag Naumann, Hanau 2009, ISBN 3-940-16864-5 .

Audio

• Berlinerisch - Berliner Luft and Berliner Schnauze on Deutsche Welle . Among other things, audio report with audio examples in mp3 format.
• Claire Waldoff : Berlin is crazy after my Beene
• Claire Waldoff: Fritze Bollmann
• Helga Hahnemann : Where did my Jeld go?
• Berlinerisch is hard on YouTube , accessed on July 2, 2019.
• Dialect Atlas # 107 - Berlinerisch 1/2 on YouTube , accessed on July 2, 2019.
• Dialect Atlas # 108 - Berlinerisch 2/2 on YouTube , accessed on July 2, 2019.
• Sandmann in Berlinerisch on YouTube , accessed on July 2, 2019.

Web links

Wiktionary: Berlinerisch  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wiktionary: Berlinisch  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wikisource: Berlin dictionaries  - sources and full texts

• Ruth Reiher: Berlin dialect.
• medienssprache.net: Resources on Berlinish
  • Dictionary of Berlinischen on medienssprache.net (over 2250 lemmas , additional suggestions can be made)
  • Berlin dictionary: Introduction by Peter Schlobinski on medienssprache.net
  • Berlinisch bibliography compiled by Peter Schlobinski on medienssprache.net
  • Berlin words and terms: a series of several weeks that was broadcast on the Spreeradio from October 16, 1995 . Voiced by Peter Schlobinski on medienssprache.net
  • School film on Berlinisch The film was broadcast on the Offenen Kanal , Berlin, and is a supplement to “Sprachrechektiven: Berlinisch” (Schlobinski / Blank 1985).
• Janin Wölke: "Icke, dette, kiekemal - you already know, wat ick meene!" Is there still the "Berliner Schnauze", what is it anyway and who else speaks like that in Berlin?
• History of the Berlin dialect
• Berlinerisch at the official Berlin city portal
• Berlin dictionary on berlinstadtservice.de
• Berlin-German at Berlin and More
• The Berlin dialect as assessed by the citizens of the city - A representative survey by the Society for the German Language (PDF; 143.44 kB)
• Urban ects in Germany by Andrada Părchişanu, using Berlin as an example (PDF; 134.87 kB)
• www.berliner-dialekt.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Quarter-three-quarter distribution map
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Hans Ostwald : Der Urberliner . Paul Franke, Berlin 1928
3. ^ Paul Franke Verlag, Berlin 1928, p. 6.
4. ↑ Peter Honnen : Everything cocoa? - Words and word stories from the Rhineland . Greven, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0418-5 , p. 71 ff.
5. ↑ compare: Icke, icke bin Berlina, whoever hits me, hau ick wieda to Wölke ( Memento from December 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
6. ↑ Georg Büchner's play fragment Woyzeck : “I saw it, Woyzeck; he pissed on the wall like a dog "
7. ↑ Hans Meyer: The right Berliner in words and idioms. 6th ed., Berlin 1904, p. 2 (keyword sloping down ) u. see. P. XIII digitized version ( memento of August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 6.5 MB)
8. ↑ Berliner Fernsehturm on the website of the City of Berlin, accessed on April 14, 2019
9. ↑ tälscher: from Silesian: foolish, childish. In addition Walther Mitzka: S – Z, index of symbols and list of places . Online in Google Book Search
10. ↑ The beaver fur: A thief comedy Reclam publishing house.
11. ↑ The Doctors - The Most Scruff
12. ↑ A specialty of the Berlin language is the different use of “icke” for “I”. The Berliner differentiates between “je” and “moi” in the same way as the French. “Ick” corresponds to the personal pronoun “I” that is connected to the verb. In contrast, the stressed “I” and “I myself” (= 'moi' in French) become “nod”.