Cheylade
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Cheylade Cheilada |
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Cantal | |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Flour | |
| Canton | Murat | |
| Community association | Pays Gentiane | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 13 ' N , 2 ° 43' E | |
| height | 914-1,490 m | |
| surface | 32.81 km 2 | |
| Residents | 225 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 7 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 15400 | |
| INSEE code | 15049 | |
 Cheylade - Église Saint-Léger |
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Cheylade ( Occitan : Cheilada ) is a French municipality with 225 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Cantal in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes .
geography
The place Cheylade is located around 35 km northwest of the small town of Saint-Flour in the area of the Regional Nature Park Volcans d'Auvergne . It belongs to the mountains of the Monts du Cantal and is located in the Vallée de la Petite Rhue (Valley of the Little Rhue). The most important bodies of water are the Petite Rhue , the Grolle brook and the Lac des Cascades . The most important traffic connection is the national route 122 , which runs further south . The nearest train station is in Murat.
In addition to the village of Cheylade, there are also the Le Caire and Pierrebesse settlements as well as several individual farms.
Population development
| year | 1800 | 1851 | 1901 | 1954 | 1999 | 2013 |
| Residents | 1,784 | 1,316 | 1,367 | 831 | 336 | 231 |
In 1831 the community had over 2,000 inhabitants; in 1835 a part of the municipality separated and became the municipality of Le Claux . The continuing population decline in the 20th century is mainly due to job losses as a result of the mechanization of agriculture .
economy
For centuries the place Cheylade formed the handicraft, mercantile and service center of several exclusively agriculturally oriented hamlets ( hameaux ) and individual farms in the area. Since the mid-20th century, tourism plays in the form of apartment rentals ( gîtes ) in addition to agriculture, the most important role in the economic life of the community.
history
In 1029 a church was built and donated by its founder to the Abbey of Sauxillanges ; A castle ( château ) also existed at the time . In the 14th and 15th centuries, the plague and the aftermath of the Hundred Years War decimated the population. In the 16th century, the Huguenot Wars (1562–1598) caused unrest and destruction. The remains of the medieval castle were demolished in 1884.
Attractions
- The parish church of Saint-Léger dates from the 12th century; In the 15th and 17th centuries, however, it was restored to its current structural condition through additions and new buildings. The oldest component is the flat-closed apse ; The nave and bell tower date from the 15th century. The three naves are spanned by a vaulted wooden ceiling from the end of the 16th century, which is divided into well over 1000 cassettes and decorated with rural Baroque paintings. There are animals (dogs, donkeys, foxes, birds) as well as mythical figures ( Medusa , basilisk , dragon ) and flowers; other motifs are hearts, angels, bells and coats of arms . Only one human figure, a shepherd with a staff, can be seen. The church building was recognized as a monument historique in 1963 .
- The Oratoire du Sartre is located on the eastern outskirts of Cheylade. It is a small structure with a pyramidal roof, the inside of which is painted in a similar way to the ceiling of the church. The building was classified as a Monument historique in 1986 .
- outside
- The quarry stone built Château d'Escorolles ( 45 ° 11 ′ 38 ″ N , 2 ° 42 ′ 23 ″ E ) is a fortified manor from the 15th to 18th centuries. The most striking component is a round stair tower with a battlement ( machicoulis ). The living quarters ( corps de logis ) are additions from the 18th century. The building was recognized as a monument historique in 1994 .
Personalities
- Charles d'Estaing (around 1595–1661) was the landlord ( seigneur ) of Cheylade; he is considered a distant ancestor of the Giscard d'Estaing family .
Web links
- Cheylade, Château d'Escorolles - photos + information (French)
- Cheylade, Oratoire du Sartre - photo + information (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Église Saint-Léger, Cheylade in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Oratoire du Sartre, Cheylade in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Château d'Escorolles, Cheylade in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)