Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
| Movie | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| German title | Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | ||
| Original title | Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | ||
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| Country of production | United States | ||
| original language | English | ||
| Publishing year | 1989 | ||
| length | 122 minutes | ||
| Age rating |
FSK 12 JMK 10 |
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| Rod | |||
| Director | Steven Spielberg | ||
| script |
Jeffrey Boam George Lucas (Story) Menno Meyjes (Story) |
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| production | Robert Watts | ||
| music | John Williams | ||
| camera | Douglas Slocombe | ||
| cut | Michael Kahn | ||
| occupation | |||
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| chronology | |||
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Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade is the title of an adventure film with Harrison Ford and Sean Connery from the year 1989 . This third part of the famous adventure film tetralogy by director Steven Spielberg is about the Holy Grail , the chalice from which Jesus of Nazareth and his disciples supposedly drank at the Last Supper and which caught his blood at the crucifixion. The film had a budget of 48 million US dollars . In total, he grossed over $ 470 million. It opened in German cinemas on September 14, 1989.
The Indiana Jones tetralogy consists of the films Raiders of the Lost Ark , Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom , the third and fourth parts listed here, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull .
action
In the opening sequence of the film (1912), the young Indiana Jones succeeds as a boy scout in a rock cave in Utah to steal the cross from Coronado from shady treasure hunters. After a chase on foot, by car and horse, and on a circus train, he finally gets home. His father, who is currently employed, does not want to know anything about it, however, and so Indiana has to return the cross due to the US right to find it. It was only as a grown man (time jump after 1938) that he finally succeeded in removing the cross from the fraudulent owner Panama Hat and handing it over to a museum.
The main plot of the film follows, in which Dr. Henry Jones Junior, called Indiana Jones, and his father, Dr. Henry Jones, a bitter race to deliver the Holy Grail with German National Socialists . According to legend, this cup is said to have tremendous powers and to be the key to eternal youth. According to legend, the Grail was found by three knights during the Crusades . Only one of them returned to Europe alive and passed on the knowledge of the relic's existence before his death.
When Indy returns to university from his search for Coronado's cross, he finds a package from his father in Venice in his mail . Shortly afterwards, he is hired by millionaire Walter Donovan, who owns half of a plaque that is a signpost to the hiding place of the Grail. From him, Indiana learns that his father - who had been researching the Grail himself all his life - had previously looked for the chalice of Jesus for Donovan and disappeared during his research. When Indiana visits his father with Marcus Brody, he finds the house devastated and the post office open. He thinks of his father's package; in it is a diary in which Henry Jones wrote down every reference to the Grail.
Together with Marcus, Indy makes his way to Venice, where Henry Jones has been looking for clues to the resting place of the second knight, and there meets his colleague Dr. Elsa Schneider, a German archaeologist. In the library where Dr. Jones had disappeared, they use the Grail diary to find an entrance to a catacomb complex in which the knight's grave is located, and there they find the decisive clue to the starting point for their search: Alexandretta , today's İskenderun . Indiana also learns the whereabouts of his father from the members of a secret society that guards the resting place of the Grail; he was kidnapped to Brunwald Castle in Austria , near the border with Germany.
Marcus Brody then goes to İskenderun to prepare the expedition together with Sallah, Indy's old friend . There he is ambushed and is kidnapped by soldiers of the German Africa Corps . Meanwhile, Indy frees his father from Brunwald Castle. But immediately afterwards Donovan and Elsa turn out to be accomplices of the Nazis and steal the diary from him. After their escape from the castle, the two Joneses drive to Berlin on a motorcycle team to meet Dr. To take the diary from Schneider during a book burn, which contains crucial information. From Tempelhof airport they travel with a Zeppelin them, but are discovered and flee to a parasitic fighter aircraft . In the chase that then began across Germany and the Balkans, the two Joneses just managed to escape the Germans.
In the Middle East, the Jones team up with Sallah, but learn that Donovan and Elsa are already there and that they already have Marcus and the map that should lead them to the hiding place of the Grail under their control. The three follow the German expedition and try to use a chance to free Marcus, but the attempt quickly turns into a turbulent tank chase across the desert, which ends with Henry Jones finally realizing how much he is has neglected his son over his obsession with the Grail for all these years.
Eventually both parties reach the temple of the Grail. Since the path to the relic is riddled with traps, Donovan shoots Dr. Jones and forces Indy to personally fetch the Grail in order to use its healing powers to save his father. With the help of the Grail Diary, Indiana manages to overcome the traps. He then faces the last of the three knights who, thanks to the power of the Grail, endured the centuries. In order to prove worthy of the Grail, the seeker still has to pass one test: he has to find the right Grail from a collection of dozen goblets and bowls.
Donovan appears and eagerly drinks from one of Dr. Tailors selected golden goblet with precious stones; However, this turns out to be the wrong one, whereupon Donovan ages within seconds and finally crumbles to dust. A simple carpenter's mug turns out to be the right choice for Indiana, and he can use it to save his father's life. When Elsa then wants to remove the Grail from the temple, the temple collapses; the rock floor tears open, Elsa falls into the crevice and loses the grail in the process. Elsa can just hold on to the edge of the rock, but when she tries to grasp the Grail despite the danger, she falls into the abyss. As a result, Indy himself is tempted to regain the Grail, but his father manages to dissuade him from it. The survivors flee the temple and although the grail is now lost, Indiana and Dr. Jones returned home with something much more valuable: a long-torn and re-forged bond between father and son.
production
occupation
- Pat Roach was the only actor besides Harrison Ford to appear in the first three movies. He took on the roles of a mountain guide and mechanic in the first, a guard in the second and a Gestapo man in the third. The 1.96 m tall mime with the imposing stature was used several times as a one-to-one opponent for Indiana Jones.
- River Phoenix , suggested for the cast by Harrison Ford, played the young Indiana Jones in the film, which gave his short career a big boost.
- Sean Connery , who plays Indiana Jones' father, is only twelve years older than Harrison Ford.
- Actor Michael Sheard had a small guest role as Adolf Hitler in this film .
- Ronald Lacey , who appeared as Toht in the movie Raiders of the Lost Ark , had a cameo : He was briefly seen as Heinrich Himmler .
Locations
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- The desert scenes shown at the beginning of the film were made in Arches National Park in Utah (USA). The first thing to see are “The Organ” and “Balanced Rock”, which the group prepares for. Then people in the group climb around the rock formation known as the “Double Arch”. Directly to the right of it are the caves into which the young Indiana Jones climbs and in which he surprises the grave robbers with the Cross of Coronado.
- The city of Venice granted to the film project for a day 7:00 to 13:00 absolute control over the Grand Canal one.
- The Austrian castle Brunwald, in which Professor Jones is being held, is the German castle Bürresheim near Mayen in the Eifel.
- On the journey to “Brunwald Castle”, a short section of a car ride can be seen, taken at the apex of the Roßfeldhöhenringstrasse (on the border between Austria and Germany ).
- The backdrop for the departure of the Zeppelin was not, as is often mistakenly assumed, Berlin-Tempelhof Airport , but the Treasure Island Museum on Treasure Island (California) in the Bay of San Francisco .
- The shots of a fighter plane crashing into a tunnel into which Indiana Jones and his father flee with a car, as well as the later sequence of the chase with a tank, were taken in the Tabernas desert near Almería in Andalusia ( southern Spain ). Producer Robert Watts had shot a western there back in the 1960s .
- The scene on the beach in which Professor Jones uses an umbrella to scare a flock of seagulls in order to crash another plane, was filmed on the southern Spanish Mediterranean coast at Playa de Mónsul , east of Almería. The rock cliff of the Torre de Vela Blanca can be seen in one shot.
- The opening view of the scene, which begins with the fade-in of “ Republic of Hatay ”, shows Hagia Sophia in today's Istanbul, not a place in today's province of İskenderun .
- The Siq , a gorge that is only two meters wide and over 1.2 kilometers long, leading to the abandoned rock city of Petra in present-day Jordan , was used as the backdrop for the film. The temple from the final scenes of the film is the rock tomb Khazne al-Firaun in Petra. During the filming there, the Jordanian royal family visited the location.
Costumes
- For all actors who (should) portrayed German soldiers, reproductions of the earlier uniforms were purchased from Eastern Europe.
- Because of the extreme heat in the studio, Sean Connery and Harrison Ford sometimes did not wear pants while filming the Zeppelin scene.
- The SS officer is referred to several times in the film as Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel). The collar tab of his uniform, however, clearly identifies him as a Standartenführer (colonel). In the English version, however, he is addressed as Colonel.
more details
- To simulate the background noise of thousands of rats, the sound designer Ben Burtt used the upper pitches of thousands of chickens. An enormous legal effort had to be accepted for the same scene. The insurer responsible for the shoot had to draw up a document that placed the more than 1,000 rats required under insurance cover and covered the financial consequences of a potential loss of rotation due to illness, an accident or a lack of cooperation between the animals. After all, a day of rotating house could have cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. 2,000 rats were specially bred for this scene in order not to bring any disease carriers to the film set, in contrast to free-living rats.
- The scar on Indiana Jones' chin is explained in the film by the mishap when he was inexperienced with the whip. Harrison Ford actually has that scar. He contracted it in a car accident at a young age.
- In two scenes there are humorous allusions to events from the two previous films in the series. In Venice, Indiana identifies a mural “ quite sure” to Elsa as the Ark of the Covenant, which he himself rediscovered in Raiders of the Lost Ark . Later in the film, while escaping from the zeppelin, Indiana assures his father that he could fly a plane but not land, which is a reference to the plane crash at the beginning of The Temple of Doom .
- During the book burning in Berlin, the Königgrätzer March is played in the background .
- When Indiana and Henry Jones are trapped at Brunwald Castle and unintentionally set the floor on fire, they take refuge in a fireplace, the back wall of which is a revolving door. A double-headed eagle can be seen on this revolving door , which is supposed to indicate that the castle is in Austria. However, it is the double-headed eagle of the Russian Empire with Saint George as the coat of arms, not the double-headed eagle of Austria .
Post production
- In the Iehova puzzle scene you can partly see that it was changed in the post-production: According to the script, Jones does not break in when he steps into the wrong field, but a poisonous giant spider is set free. That was dropped, however, as it was inexplicable how a spider should still be alive after so long since the temple was built. In the finished film, you cannot see Jones pulling himself up from the hole he breaks into; instead, you can guess the spider attack from the way he frantically pat his pants legs when he is back on solid ground.
- In the original US theatrical version there was a mistake in the spelling of Adolf Hitler's name. In the scene in Berlin where Indiana Jones gets an autograph from Hitler, Hitler writes his first name as “Adolph”, with “ph” at the end. The error has been corrected for the German version and later cinema, video and DVD versions and the correct spelling “Adolf” is shown. However, the handwriting in no way corresponds to Hitler's actual signature.
Special effects
Today, the film is considered to be the first to use digital compositing on a large scale for its visual effects . Individual elements recorded on film, etc. a. Blue screen recordings were scanned in and finally combined with one another with the help of image processing software. This was a decisive historical advance in terms of film technology, since since the beginning of the film, compositing has either been carried out entirely on the set using practical optical tricks such as the Schüfftan process or by rear projection , or afterwards using clunky techniques such as double exposure or, as a further development of this process, photo-chemical compositing using an optical printer .
However, since the photo-chemical process, which was common until the late 1980s, meant numerous restrictions when turning, could become very time-consuming and expensive, and many of its characteristic artifacts could not be eliminated (such as black lines around the punched out image elements or a still visible blue shimmer from the blue screen into the object), the digital assembly was a big step forward. It was more cost-effective and provided far better opportunities for subsequent image manipulation and refinement. A characteristic scene from the film that uses the new technique is Donovan's transformation towards the end. This sequence played another pioneering role in relation to digital morphing. This technique, first used in Der Flug des Navigator and Willow , which in principle enables smooth transitions between two individual images by digitally calculating intermediate images, was refined again.
historicity
As in almost all films that are set in a historical context, but in which the fictional part predominates, there are historical inconsistencies or anachronisms in Indiana Jones and the last crusade , which are accepted by the producers because the film makes no claim to historical correctness. For example, events that took place years before ( book burning , zeppelin traffic ) or that historically should only take place later (deployment of the German Africa Corps ) are used here. In addition, vehicles were also used that did not exist at the time or that had never been used by the Wehrmacht (e.g. Pilatus P-2 training aircraft instead of the Messerschmitt Bf 109 ).
Follow-on products
From the fabric also emerged Adventure - Computer game with the English title of the film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade .
synchronization
The German synchronization of the first version was commissioned by the Berliner Synchron for a dialogue book and dialogue director of Arne Elsholtz .
| role | actor | Voice actor |
|---|---|---|
| Dr. Henry "Indiana" Jones |
Harrison Ford , River Phoenix (young) |
Wolfgang Pampel , Simon Jäger |
| Prof. Dr. Henry Jones | Sean Connery | Gert Günther Hoffmann |
| Dr. Marcus Brody | Denholm Elliott | Eric Vaessen |
| Dr. Elsa Schneider | Alison Doody | Katja Nottke |
| Sallah | John Rhys-Davies | Helmut Krauss |
| Walter Donovan | Julian Glover | Christian Rode |
| SS-Standartenführer Vogel: | Michael Byrne | Peter Neusser |
| butler | Vernon Dobtcheff | Klaus Sunshine |
| sultan | Alexei Sayle | Gerd Duwner |
Reviews
“In Spielberg's third variation on the theme 'the treasure hunt as a megalomaniac cinema event', the hero receives a charming rival: his own (over) father accompanies him with much self-deprecating understatement . The perfect action story gains from the loving and humorous relationship between the two sympathetic and human traits and, although it is only funny and self-deprecating at the beginning, it offers entertaining entertainment. "
"Steven Spielberg's timing is perfect, his tension dramaturgy flawless, his ability to increase the pace over and over again, seemingly unlimited."
“The third 'Indiana Jones' features comic book action that would have been enough for three adventures. At least as furious, however, are the smug verbal battles between papa and son. A real pleasure! More spectacle is not really possible. "
Awards
- Best sound editing for Ben Burtt and Richard Hymns
- Nomination for Best Score for John Williams
- Best Tone nomination for Ben Burtt , Gary Summers , Shawn Murphy and Tony Dawe
- Nomination for Best Supporting Actor for Sean Connery
British Academy Film Awards 1990
- Nomination for Best Supporting Actor for Sean Connery
- Nomination for Best Visual Effects for George Gibbs , Michael J. McAlister , Mark Sullivan, and John Ellis
- Nomination in the category of best fantasy film for George Lucas , Frank Marshall and Robert Watts
- Nomination for Best Actor for Harrison Ford
- 3 million moviegoers in 18 months
literature
- James Luceno : Indiana Jones. All films, adventures, locations. coventgarden at Dorling Kindersley , Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8310-9065-5 , pp. 78-101.
Individual evidence
- ^ Age rating for Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade . Youth Media Commission ( TV version).
- ^ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade , on boxofficemojo.com
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade , on imdb.com
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. In: synchronkartei.de. Retrieved August 20, 2015 .
- ↑ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. In: Lexicon of International Films . Film service , accessed October 3, 2016 .
- ^ Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade ( Memento from March 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) in the Dirk Jasper FilmLexikon
- ^ Film review . In: Cinema . Retrieved December 20, 2016.
Web links
- "The Last Crusade at 30: how Sean Connery saved Indiana Jones from certain doom
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade at Rotten Tomatoes (English)
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade at Metacritic (English)
- Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in the online movie database
- Indiana Jones and the last crusade in the German dubbing file
- Comparison of the cut versions PRO 7 morning - FSK 12 DVD by Indiana Jones and the last crusade at Schnittberichte.com
